The galdrabók is an Icelandic grimoire dated to c. 1600. It is a small manuscript containing a collection of 47 spells and sigils/staves.
Page from the Galdrabók about the Ægishjálmur occult symbol
Kári Pálsson: Galdrabók – 2024
In old Germanic culture, a galder, among other forms in old Germanic languages, refers to a spell or incantation; these were usually performed in combination with certain rites.
Galdrabók
…The galdrabók (lit. 'galder book', "incantation book") is an Icelandic grimoire dated to c. 1600. It is a small manuscript containing a collection of 47 spells and sigils/staves…
The völvas were pagan priestesses that specialized in chanting galdrs.
The runic galder on the Högstena bronze plate [sv] (Vg 216).
Excerpt of Icelandic galder staves from the manuscript LBS 2413 8vo (c. 1800).
Excerpt of Icelandic galder staves from the manuscript LBS 4375 8vo (1924 copy of a 1676 original).