Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de' Galilei, commonly referred to as Galileo Galilei or mononymously as Galileo, was an Italian astronomer, physicist, engineer and polymath. He was born in Pisa, then par
Portrait c. 1640
Portrait believed to be of Galileo's elder daughter Virginia, who was particularly devoted to her father
"Cannocchiali" telescopes at the Museo Galileo, Florence, suspected to be Galilean telescopes (top: 1610–1630; bottom: 1609–1640)
An illustration of the Moon from Sidereus Nuncius, published in Venice, 1610
The Galileo affair was an early 17th century political, religious, and scientific controversy regarding the astronomer Galileo Galilei's defence of heliocentrism, the idea that the Earth revolves arou
Galileo Galilei
…Galilei") derives from the Latin "Galilaeus", meaning "of Galilee". This biblical name became the subject of a (supposed) pun. In 1614, during the Galileo affair, one of Galileo's opponents, the Dominican priest Tommaso Caccini, delivered against Galileo a controversial and influential sermon quoting the Book…
Photomontage of the Galilean moons. Galileo viewed these moons as a smaller Copernican system within the Solar System and used them to support heliocentrism.
Christian painting of God creating the cosmos (Bible Moralisee, French, 13th century)
The Council of Trent (1545–63) sitting in the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore. The Roman Inquisition suspected Galileo of violating the decrees of the council. Museo Diocesano Tridentino, Trento.
Pope Paul V (1552–1621), who ordered that the inquisitorial commission's 1616 judgement be delivered to Galileo by Cardinal Bellarmine (Caravaggio)