Gamma correction
Videos
Gamma correction or gamma is a nonlinear operation used to encode and decode luminance in video or images.
The effect of gamma correction on an image: the original image was taken to varying powers, showing that powers larger than 1 make the shadows darker, while powers smaller than 1 make dark regions lighter. This is not the actual gamma the picture has, though.
Gamma function
Videos
In mathematics, the gamma function is the most common extension of the factorial function to complex numbers. First studied by Daniel Bernoulli, the gamma function Γ is defined for all complex numbers
Gamma correction
…under common illumination conditions (neither pitch black nor blindingly bright), follows an approximate power function (which has no relation to the gamma function), with greater sensitivity to relative differences between darker tones than between lighter tones, consistent with the Stevens' power law for brightness…
Daniel Bernoulli's letter to Christian Goldbach (Oct 6, 1729)