1.
Garth Brooks (album)
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Garth Brooks is the eponymous debut studio album of American country music artist Garth Brooks, released on April 12,1989 through Capitol Nashville. It was both a critical and chart success, peaking at #13 on the Billboard 200 and at #2 on the Top Country Albums chart, the album has been certified diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America for shipments over ten million copies. This is Garths only album to have a country sound before developing a more crossover-friendly country-pop sound. Brooks commented on the album, saying, This album was released in April 1989, I thought the album was very very innocent. And I gotta be truthful with you, every time I hear those songs off the radio or off the album itself, I really get that same kind of scared feeling, that I had, way back in 1988, and 1989. Whether you get the album or not, or whether you have the album or not and that first album is always a big one for any artist and I, without trying to sound egotistical, Im very proud of my first one. This album contains Brooks earliest hits, for instance his first ever single, Much Too Young and it also features his first hit he wrote entirely in Not Counting You, another top 10 success. Punk rock cover artists Me First and the Gimme Gimmes released a version of Much Too Young as the first track on their October 2006 album Me First and the Gimme Gimmes Love Their Country. If Tomorrow Never Comes has been covered by Ronan Keating Garth Brooks peaked at #13 on the US Billboard 200, in November 2006, it was certified diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America for shipments of over ten million copies in the United States. To date, the album has sold ten million copies in the US and thirteen million copies worldwide
Garth Brooks (album)
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Garth Brooks
2.
Tulsa, Oklahoma
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Tulsa /ˈtʌlsə/ is the second-largest city in the state of Oklahoma and 47th-most populous city in the United States. As of July 2015, the population was 403,505 and it is the principal municipality of the Tulsa Metropolitan Area, a region with 981,005 residents in the MSA and 1,151,172 in the CSA. The city serves as the county seat of Tulsa County, the most densely populated county in Oklahoma, with urban development extending into Osage, Rogers, Tulsa was settled between 1828 and 1836 by the Lochapoka Band of Creek Native American tribe. For most of the 20th century, the city held the nickname Oil Capital of the World, once heavily dependent on the oil industry, Tulsa experienced economic downturn. Subsequent diversification efforts created a base in the energy, finance, aviation, telecommunications. The Tulsa Port of Catoosa, at the head of the McClellan-Kerr Arkansas River Navigation System, is the most inland port in the U. S. with access to international waterways. Two institutions of education within the city have sports teams at the NCAA Division I level, Oral Roberts University. It is situated on the Arkansas River at the foothills of the Ozark Mountains in northeast Oklahoma, the city has been called one of Americas most livable large cities by Partners for Livable Communities, Forbes, and Relocate America. FDi Magazine in 2009 ranked the city no.8 in the U. S. for cities of the future, in 2012, Tulsa was ranked among the top 50 best cities in the United States by BusinessWeek. People from Tulsa are called Tulsans, the area where Tulsa now exists was considered Indian Territory when it was first formally settled by the Lochapoka and Creek tribes in 1836. They established a settlement under the Creek Council Oak Tree at the present day intersection of Cheyenne Avenue. This area and this tree reminded Chief Tukabahchi and his group of trail of tear survivors of the bend in the river and their previous Creek Council Oak Tree back in the Talisi. They named their new settlement Tallasi, meaning old town in the Creek language, the area around Tulsa was also settled by members of the other so-called Five Civilized Tribes who had relocated to Oklahoma from the Southern United States. Most of modern Tulsa is located in the Creek Nation, with parts located in the Cherokee Nation, although Oklahoma was not yet a state during the Civil War, the Tulsa area did see its share of fighting. The Battle of Chusto-Talasah took place on the side of Tulsa. After the War, the tribes signed Reconstruction treaties with the government that in some cases required substantial land concessions. On January 18,1898, Tulsa was officially incorporated and elected its first mayor, Tulsa was a small town near the banks of the Arkansas River in 1901 when its first oil well, named Sue Bland No. Much of the oil was discovered on land whose mineral rights were owned by members of the Osage Nation under a system of headrights
Tulsa, Oklahoma
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Downtown Tulsa's skyline in May 2008.
Tulsa, Oklahoma
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The Meadow Gold sign has greeted Route 66 travelers in Tulsa for decades.
Tulsa, Oklahoma
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Cain's Ballroom came to be known as the "Carnegie Hall of Western Swing" in the early 20th century.
Tulsa, Oklahoma
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A 1909 panoramic view of Tulsa
3.
Trisha Yearwood
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Patricia Lynn Trisha Yearwood is an American country music singer, author, and actress. She is known for her ballads about vulnerable young women from a perspective that have been described by some music critics as strong. Yearwood is a member of the Grand Ole Opry and was inducted into the Georgia Music Hall of Fame in 2000. Yearwood rose to fame in 1991 with her debut single Shes in Love with the Boy, in 1997, Yearwood recorded the song How Do I Live for the soundtrack of the movie Con Air. It became her signature song, achieving high positions and sales worldwide and she has also recorded successful duets with her husband, country singer Garth Brooks, including In Anothers Eyes, which won the couple a Grammy Award. Aside from her success in music, Yearwood has also ventured into writing, releasing three successful cookbooks, which earned her the status of two-time New York Times best-selling author. Since April 2012, Yearwood has hosted a series on Food Network titled Trishas Southern Kitchen. Yearwood was born in Monticello, Georgia, the daughter of Gwendolyn, a schoolteacher, and Jack Howard Yearwood, as a child, she grew accustomed to listening to country artists Patsy Cline, Kitty Wells, and Hank Williams. In elementary school, Yearwood sang in musicals, choir groups, in high school, Yearwood and her sister Beth were A students, and Yearwood took a strong interest in becoming an accountant. Yearwood was also a member of the National Beta Club, after graduating, she enrolled at Young Harris College, where she received her associate degree and became a member of the Phi Theta Kappa honor society. She then attended the University of Georgia, however, grew unhappy with the large campus. At Belmont, Yearwood majored in the music business program. While in school at Belmont, Yearwood gained an internship with MTM Records and was hired as a full-time employee following her graduation. With the help of the labels resources, she recorded a series of demo tapes. One of the new artists Yearwood recorded with was Garth Brooks in 1989, the pair developed a friendship and Brooks promised to help Yearwood sign a recording contract if his career succeeded. Brooks brought her to his producer, Allen Reynolds, who brought her to Garth Fundis. Fundis and Yearwood soon began working together, and together created a demo tape. In 1990, she sang vocals on Brooks second album, No Fences
Trisha Yearwood
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Trisha Yearwood in 2010
Trisha Yearwood
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Trisha Yearwood (2010)
Trisha Yearwood
4.
Country music
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Country music is a genre of United States popular music that originated in the southern United States in the 1920s. It takes its roots from the genre of United States, such as folk music. Blues modes have been used throughout its recorded history. The term country music is used today to many styles and subgenres. In 2009 country music was the most listened to rush hour radio genre during the evening commute, immigrants to the Southern Appalachian Mountains of North America brought the music and instruments of Europe and Africa along with them for nearly 300 years. Country music was introduced to the world as a Southern phenomenon, Bristol, Tennessee, has been formally recognized by the U. S. Congress as the Birthplace of Country Music, based on the historic Bristol recording sessions of 1927. Since 2014, the city has been home to the Birthplace of Country Music Museum, historians have also noted the influence of the less-known Johnson City sessions of 1928 and 1929, and the Knoxville sessions of 1929 and 1930. Prior to these, pioneer settlers, in the Great Smoky Mountains region, had developed a musical heritage. The first generation emerged in the early 1920s, with Atlantas music scene playing a role in launching countrys earliest recording artists. Okeh Records began issuing hillbilly music records by Fiddlin John Carson as early as 1923, followed by Columbia Records in 1924, many hillbilly musicians, such as Cliff Carlisle, recorded blues songs throughout the 1920s. The most important was the Grand Ole Opry, aired starting in 1925 by WSM in Nashville, during the 1930s and 1940s, cowboy songs, or Western music, which had been recorded since the 1920s, were popularized by films made in Hollywood. Bob Wills was another musician from the Lower Great Plains who had become very popular as the leader of a hot string band. His mix of country and jazz, which started out as dance hall music, Wills was one of the first country musicians known to have added an electric guitar to his band, in 1938. Country musicians began recording boogie in 1939, shortly after it had played at Carnegie Hall. Gospel music remained a component of country music. It became known as honky tonk, and had its roots in Western swing and the music of Mexico. By the early 1950s a blend of Western swing, country boogie, rockabilly was most popular with country fans in the 1950s, and 1956 could be called the year of rockabilly in country music. Beginning in the mid-1950s, and reaching its peak during the early 1960s, the late 1960s in American music produced a unique blend as a result of traditionalist backlash within separate genres
Country music
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Jimmie Rodgers
Country music
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Vernon Dalhart
Country music
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Roy Acuff
Country music
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Publicity photo of Roy Rogers and Gail Davis, 1948
5.
Country pop
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Country pop is a subgenre of country music and pop music that was developed by members of the Country genre out of a desire to reach a larger, mainstream audience. It is a continuation of efforts that began in the late 1950s originally known as Nashville sound. By the mid-1970s, many artists were transitioning to the pop-country sound which led to some records charting high on mainstream top 40 as well as country Billboard charts. According to Bill Ivey, this genre originated in Nashville, Tennessee. He believes that the Nashville Sound often produced records that sounded more pop than country, after the removal of the fiddle, Patsy Cline, Jim Reeves, and Eddy Arnold were among the most popular artists during this time. This was intended to have country singers gain more success in pop music, the first male artists to come out of this new genre were Jim Reeves and Eddy Arnold, who both grew to have widespread acceptance among both country and pop music listeners. Both Jim Reeves and Eddy Arnold had major influence on their RCA labelmate Elvis Presley, apparent not only in secular songs, the first female country singer to emerge from this new genre was Patsy Cline in the early 1960s. The example she created was followed by female country artists, such as Lynn Anderson, Crystal Gayle and Shania Twain. Country pop found its first widespread acceptance during the 1970s and it started when pop music singers, like Glen Campbell, John Denver, Olivia Newton-John and Anne Murray, began having hits on the country charts. Songs like Campbells Rhinestone Cowboy were among the biggest crossover hits in country music history and these pop-oriented singers thought that they could gain higher record sales and a larger audience if they crossed over into the country world. One of the artists who did this was Olivia Newton-John, who emerged from Australia in the mid-1970s, a group of artists, troubled by this trend, formed the Association of Country Entertainers in 1974. The debate raged into 1975, and reached its apex at that years Country Music Association Awards when reigning Entertainer of the Year Charlie Rich presented the award to his successor, as he read Denvers name, Rich set fire to the envelope with a cigarette lighter. The action was taken in some quarters as a protest against the pop style in country music. However, the ACE would only last two years, its two biggest backers, firm traditionalists George Jones and Tammy Wynette, faced a bitter divorce. In 1979 Barbara Mandrell had her highest crossover hit with her number 1 song I Dont Want to Be Right It charted number 31 on the Billboard Top 40, several of her other hits charted well on the adult contemporary charts and the Bubbling under 100 charts. Mandrell also did countrypolitan style music on her Barbara Mandrell & the Mandrell Sisters show and she had R & B artists, pop artists and country artists featured every week. It was the last successful musical variety show on TV and she is also known for her Blue-Eyed Soul sound. She was given the nickname The Princess of Steel, for her ability at the steel guitar and she was one of country musics most successful crossover artists during the 1970s and 1980s
Country pop
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Lynn Anderson live in concert
Country pop
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Garth Brooks and
Shania Twain were the most successful country pop singers of the 1990s
Country pop
6.
Country rock
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Country rock is subgenre of popular music, formed from the fusion of rock and country. It was developed by musicians who began to record country-flavored records in the late-1960s and early-1970s. These musicians recorded rock records using country themes, vocal styles, country rock began with Bob Dylan and The Byrds, reaching its greatest popularity in the 1970s with artists such as Emmylou Harris, the Eagles, Michael Nesmith, Poco and Pure Prairie League. Country rock also influenced artists in genres, including The Band, Grateful Dead, Creedence Clearwater Revival, The Rolling Stones. It also played a part in the development of Southern rock, john Einarson states, From a variety of perspectives and motivations, these musicians either played rock & roll attitude, or added a country feel to rock, or folk, or bluegrass, there was no formula. Dylans lead was followed by The Byrds, who were joined by Gram Parsons in 1968. Parsons had mixed country with rock, blues and folk to create what he called Cosmic American Music. Earlier in the year Parsons had released Safe at Home with the International Submarine Band, the result of Parsons brief tenure in the Byrds was Sweetheart of the Rodeo, generally considered one of the finest and most influential recordings in the genre. Country rock was a popular style in the California music scene of the late 1960s. Some folk-rockers followed the Byrds into the genre, among them the Beau Brummels, one of the few acts to successfully move from the country side towards rock were the bluegrass band The Dillards. Former members of Ronstadts backing band went on to form the Eagles, however, the principal country influence in the Eagles came from Bernie Leadon of the Flying Burrito Brothers, and little country influence was left in the band after he left in late 1975. The genre declined in popularity in the late 1970s, but some established artists, List of country rock albums List of country rock musicians
Country rock
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Gram Parsons in 1972
Country rock
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Emmylou Harris, the "Queen of country rock", playing in
Rotterdam,
Netherlands (2006)
Country rock
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Dickey Betts of The
Allman Brothers Band, brought elements of country rock into the band during the 1970s
7.
Capitol Records Nashville
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Capitol Records Nashville is a major United States-based record label located in Nashville, Tennessee operating as part of the Universal Music Group Nashville. From 1991 to 1995, Capitol Nashville was known as Liberty Records, while under the Liberty name, the label operated short-lived sister label Patriot Records from 1994 to 1995. In 1999, EMI launched Virgin Records Nashville but by 2001, in 2010, the label launched sister label EMI Nashville. On March 23,2011, Alan Jackson signed with Capitols EMI Nashville division in conjunction with his own ACR Records label, Capitol Nashville was also home to several successful comedy artists
Capitol Records Nashville
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Capitol Records Nashville
8.
Liberty Records
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Liberty Records was a United States-based record label. It was started by chairman Simon Waronker in 1955 with Al Bennett as president and it was reactivated in 2001 in the United Kingdom and had two previous revivals. Libertys early releases focused on film and orchestral music and its first single was Lionel Newmans The Girl Upstairs. Its first big hit, in 1955, was by Julie London singing her version of the song, Cry Me a River. It helped Liberty sell her first album, Julie Is Her Name and she was to record 32 albums in her career. In 1956 Liberty signed the little-known Henry Mancini and they released two singles and several albums for him, but he left in 1959 when he gained in popularity. Billy Rose and Lee Davids song, Tonight You Belong to Me, scored a number 4 and number 28 as performed by teen sisters Patience and Prudence and their biggest early rock and roll artist was Eddie Cochran, who had just starred in his second film, Untamed Youth. His first hit for the label was John D. Loudermilks Sittin in the Balcony in 1957, then came Summertime Blues, the label was also home to R&B veterans Billy Ward and His Dominoes after Jackie Wilson quit, replacing him with ex-Lark Eugene Mumford. They hit with Hoagy Carmichaels 1927 song, Stardust – already recorded by many artists – which rode the pop chart for 24 weeks, the track also reached number 13 in the UK Singles Chart in October 1957. It was to be their only million seller, the song became a number 1 hit and rescued the company. In just a few months leading up to Christmas in 1958 and it became the only Christmas record to reach number 1 on the pop chart, selling 4.5 million copies. Its success led to a string of similar albums by Denny for Liberty over the next decade. In 1965 Liberty acquired Pacific Jazz Records, founded in 1952, in 1958 Liberty formed a sublabel called Freedom Records which lasted through 1959. In 1959 Liberty moved to its long-time address at 6920 Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood, Libertys most successful signing of the early 1960s was Bobby Vee. They picked up his single recorded for Soma with his combo the Shadows, Suzie Baby and he covered the Clovers 1955 doo-wop ballad, Devil or Angel in mid-1960 and later that year recorded Gene Pitneys Rubber Ball which made him an international star. In the summer of 1961 Vee had a big hit with Take Good Care of My Baby and he regularly had Hot 100 hits until 1970. Other major signings included Willie Nelson, Jan and Dean, Johnny Burnette, Gene McDaniels, Del Shannon, Gary Lewis and the Playboys, Timi Yuro, in 1963 the Liberty Records label was sold to Avnet for $12 million. Avnet also bought Blue Note Records, Imperial Records, Dolton Records, Aladdin Records, after two years of losses, Avnet sold the labels back to Al Bennett for $8 million
Liberty Records
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Liberty Records
9.
Big Machine Records
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Big Machine Records, LLC is an independent American record label specializing in country and pop artists. Big Machine is based on Music Row in Nashville, Tennessee, the label was launched in September 2005 by former DreamWorks Records executive, Scott Borchetta, and initially became a joint venture between Borchetta and country singer Toby Keith. As of November 2014, the company consists of 88 employees—in the areas of music publishing, management. The business also oversees numerous imprints, including Valory Music, that are under Big Machine Label Group, among the artists signed to the label is Taylor Swift, whose most recent studio album,1989, was released in October 2014. Swifts father owns a stake in the record label, other artists include Tim McGraw, Reba McEntire, and Rascal Flatts. Borchetta is originally from Los Angeles, Californias San Fernando Valley area, borchettas father, Mike Borchetta, worked in Nashville as a country promoter who courted radio stations with music he transported in the trunk of his car. Mike Borchetta was married to a country singer at the time. Borchetta did not leave Nashville after a 1981 visit, Borchetta worked in the mailroom of his fathers music company and eventually became a promotions staff member in 1991 for Universal’s MCA Records label. According to Bloomberg Businessweek, Borchetta was a manager at MCA, choosing singles. After he was fired from MCA in 1997, Borchetta accepted a role at the Nashville division of DreamWorks Records, before he left DreamWorks, Borchetta approached Swift and her family after the musician performed at the Blue Bird Café in Nashville, TN. At the time, Borchetta had no infrastructure or financing, made an offer to Swift and her parents, Swift eventually recontacted Borchetta around two weeks later, telling him, I’m waiting for you. After he formed the label in 2005, Big Machine released Swifts first ever recording, Keith dropped his affiliation with the label in 2006, but he was reported as an equity holder in November 2014, alongside the Swift family and Borchetta. In October 2012, Borchetta told Rolling Stone magazine, Scott Swift owns three percent of Big Machine, by March 2009, Big Machine artist Danielle Peck had left the label. The departure occurred during a period for the overall U. S. music industry. Borchetta signed a deal with Clear Channel, which changed its name to iHeartMedia. Three years after the deal was signed, Borchetta said that the streams were very meaningful. On November 3,2014, Swift removed all but one of her songs from Spotify after indications of her disapproval of the streaming service emerged in July of the same year. Swift, statistically one of the worlds most popular artists at the time, had previously delayed the streaming of her 2012 album
Big Machine Records
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Big Machine Records
10.
Chris LeDoux
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Chris LeDoux was an American country music singer-songwriter, bronze sculptor, and rodeo champion. During his career LeDoux recorded 36 albums which have more than six million units in the United States as of January 2007. He was awarded one gold certification from the RIAA, and was nominated for a Grammy Award. LeDoux was born in Biloxi, Mississippi and he was of French descent on his fathers side. His father was in the US Air Force and was stationed at Keesler Air Force Base at the time of his birth, the family moved often when he was a child, due to his fathers Air Force career. He learned to ride horses while visiting his grandparents on their Michigan farm, at age 13, LeDoux participated in his first rodeo, riding in Denison, Texas, and before long was winning junior rodeo competitions. LeDoux continued to compete in events and played football through his high school years. When his family moved to Cheyenne, he attended Cheyenne Central High School, after twice winning the Wyoming State Rodeo Championship bareback riding title during high school, LeDoux earned a rodeo scholarship to Casper College in Casper. During his junior year at Eastern New Mexico University, LeDoux won the Intercollegiate National bareback riding Championship, LeDoux married Peggy Rhoads on January 4,1972, and they had five children, Clay, Ned, Will, Cindy and Beau. In 1970, LeDoux became a rodeo cowboy, competing on the national rodeo circuit. To help pay his expenses while traveling the country, he began composing songs describing his lifestyle, within two years, he had written enough songs to make up an album, and soon established a recording company, American Cowboy Songs, with his father. After recording his songs in a basement, LeDoux began selling his albums out of the back of his truck at rodeo events. His years of hard work bore fruit in 1976, when LeDoux won the bareback riding championship at the National Finals Rodeo in Oklahoma City. Winning the championship gave LeDoux more credibility with music audiences, as he now had proof that the songs he wrote were authentic. LeDoux continued competing for the four years. He retired in 1980 to nurse injuries and to more time with his growing family. With his rodeo career at an end, LeDoux and his family settled on a ranch in Kaycee, LeDoux continued to write and record his songs, and began playing concerts. His concerts were popular, and often featured a mechanical bull
Chris LeDoux
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Chris LeDoux in May 1999
11.
Rock and roll
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While elements of rock and roll can be heard in blues records from the 1920s and in country records of the 1930s, the genre did not acquire its name until the 1950s. For the purpose of differentiation, this deals with the first definition. The beat is essentially a blues rhythm with an accentuated backbeat, classic rock and roll is usually played with one or two electric guitars, a double bass or string bass or an electric bass guitar, and a drum kit. Beyond simply a style, rock and roll, as seen in movies and on television, influenced lifestyles, fashion, attitudes. In addition, rock and roll may have contributed to the civil rights movement because both African-American and white American teens enjoyed the music and it went on to spawn various genres, often without the initially characteristic backbeat, that are now more commonly called simply rock music or rock. The term rock and roll now has at least two different meanings, both in common usage, the American Heritage Dictionary and the Merriam-Webster Dictionary both define rock and roll as synonymous with rock music. Encyclopædia Britannica, on the hand, regards it as the music that originated in the mid-1950s. In 1934, the song Rock and Roll by the Boswell Sisters appeared in the film Transatlantic Merry-Go-Round, in 1942, Billboard magazine columnist Maurie Orodenker started to use the term rock-and-roll to describe upbeat recordings such as Rock Me by Sister Rosetta Tharpe. By 1943, the Rock and Roll Inn in South Merchantville, in 1951, Cleveland, Ohio disc jockey Alan Freed began playing this music style while popularizing the phrase to describe it. The origins of rock and roll have been debated by commentators. The migration of former slaves and their descendants to major urban centers such as St. The immediate roots of rock and roll lay in the rhythm and blues, then called race music, particularly significant influences were jazz, blues, gospel, country, and folk. The 1940s saw the use of blaring horns, shouted lyrics. In the same period, particularly on the West Coast and in the Midwest, similarly, country boogie and Chicago electric blues supplied many of the elements that would be seen as characteristic of rock and roll. Rock and roll arrived at a time of technological change, soon after the development of the electric guitar, amplifier and microphone. It was the realization that relatively affluent white teenagers were listening to music that led to the development of what was to be defined as rock. Because the development of rock and roll was a process, no single record can be identified as unambiguously the first rock. Other artists with rock and roll hits included Chuck Berry, Bo Diddley, Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis
Rock and roll
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Sign commemorating the role of
Alan Freed and
Cleveland, Ohio in the origins of rock and roll
Rock and roll
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Chuck Berry in 1957
Rock and roll
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Bill Haley and his Comets performing in the 1954 Universal International film Round Up of Rhythm
Rock and roll
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Elvis Presley in a promotion shot for
Jailhouse Rock in 1957
12.
Recording Industry Association of America
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The Recording Industry Association of America is a continental North and South American trade organization that represents the recording industry in the United States. Its members consist of record labels and distributors, which the RIAA says create, the RIAA headquarters is in Washington, D. C. The RIAA was formed in 1952 and its original mission was to administer recording copyright fees and problems, work with trade unions, and do research relating to the record industry and government regulations. Early RIAA standards included the RIAA equalization curve, the format of the record groove and the dimensions of 33 1/3 rpm,45 rpm. Since 2001, the RIAA has spent $2 to $6 million each year on lobbying in the United States, the RIAA also participates in the collective rights management of sound recordings, and it is responsible for certifying Gold and Platinum albums and singles in the United States. Cary Sherman has been the RIAAs chairman and CEO since 2011, Sherman joined the RIAA as its general counsel in 1997 and became president of the board of directors in 2001, serving in that position until being made chairman and CEO. Mitch Glazier has been the RIAAs senior executive vice president since 2011 and he served as executive vice president for public policy and industry relations from 2000 to 2011. The past RIAA chairman and CEO is Mitch Bainwol, who served from 2003 to 2011 and he left in 2011 to become president and CEO of the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers. The board of directors consists of 26 members of the board, the RIAA operates an award program for albums that sell a large number of copies. The program originally began in 1958, with a Gold Award for singles, the criterion was changed in 1975 to the number of copies sold, with albums selling 500,000 copies awarded the Gold Award. In 1976, a Platinum Award was added for one million sales, the awards are open to both RIAA members and non-members. Since 2000, the RIAA also operates a program for Latin music sales. Currently, a Disco De Oro is awarded for 30,000 units, the RIAA defines Latin music as a type of release with 51% or more of its content recorded in Spanish. In 2006, digital ringtones were added to branch of certification. In the same year, the RIAA introduced the Latin Digital Award for digital recordings in Spanish and this release format includes DVD and VHS releases, and certain live albums and compilation albums. The certification criteria is different from other styles. Gold,50,000 Platinum,100,000 Multi-Platinum,200,000 copies The RIAA opposes unauthorized sharing of its music, studies conducted since the association began its campaign against peer-to-peer file-sharing have concluded that losses incurred per download range from negligible to moderate. The association has commenced high-profile lawsuits against file sharing service providers and it has also commenced a series of lawsuits against individuals suspected of file sharing, notably college students and parents of file sharing children
Recording Industry Association of America
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Recording Industry Association of America
13.
Elvis Presley
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Elvis Aaron Presley was an American singer and actor. Regarded as one of the most significant cultural icons of the 20th century, he is referred to as the King of Rock and Roll. Presley was born in Tupelo, Mississippi, and relocated to Memphis and his music career began there in 1954, when he recorded a song with producer Sam Phillips at Sun Records. Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was a popularizer of rockabilly. RCA Victor acquired his contract in a deal arranged by Colonel Tom Parker, Presleys first RCA single, Heartbreak Hotel, was released in January 1956 and became a number-one hit in the United States. He was regarded as the figure of rock and roll after a series of successful network television appearances. In November 1956, Presley made his debut in Love Me Tender. In 1958, he was drafted into military service, in 1973, Presley featured in the first globally broadcast concert via satellite, Aloha from Hawaii. Several years of drug abuse severely damaged his health. Presley is one of the most celebrated and influential musicians of the 20th century and he won three Grammys, also receiving the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award at age 36, and has been inducted into multiple music halls of fame. Presley was born on January 8,1935, in Tupelo, Mississippi, to Gladys Love and Vernon Elvis Presley, Jesse Garon Presley, his identical twin brother, was delivered stillborn 35 minutes before his own birth. Thus, as a child, Presley became close to both parents and formed an especially close bond with his mother. The family attended an Assembly of God, where he found his musical inspiration. Although he was in conflict with the Pentecostal church in his later years, rev. Rex Humbard officiated at his funeral, as Presley had been an admirer of Humbards ministry. Presleys ancestry was primarily a Western European mix, including Scots-Irish, Scottish, German, gladyss great-great-grandmother, Morning Dove White, was possibly a Cherokee Native American. Gladys was regarded by relatives and friends as the dominant member of the small family, Vernon moved from one odd job to the next, evincing little ambition. The family often relied on help from neighbors and government food assistance, the Presleys survived the F5 tornado in the 1936 Tupelo–Gainesville tornado outbreak. In 1938, they lost their home after Vernon was found guilty of kiting a check written by the landowner, Orville S. Bean and he was jailed for eight months, and Gladys and Elvis moved in with relatives
Elvis Presley
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Presley in a publicity photograph for the 1957 film
Jailhouse Rock
Elvis Presley
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Presley's birthplace in
Tupelo, Mississippi
Elvis Presley
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Presley in a
Sun Records promotional photograph, 1954
Elvis Presley
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The "iconic cover" of
Presley's 1956 debut album featuring a photo taken July 31, 1955, in Tampa, Florida
14.
The Beatles
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The Beatles were an English rock band, formed in Liverpool in 1960. With members John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo Starr, the Beatles built their reputation playing clubs in Liverpool and Hamburg over a three-year period from 1960, with Stuart Sutcliffe initially serving as bass player. The core of Lennon, McCartney and Harrison went through a succession of drummers, including Pete Best, before asking Starr to join them. They acquired the nickname the Fab Four as Beatlemania grew in Britain the next year, from 1965 onwards, the Beatles produced increasingly innovative recordings, including the albums Rubber Soul, Revolver, Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band, The Beatles and Abbey Road, after their break-up in 1970, they each enjoyed successful musical careers of varying lengths. McCartney and Starr, the members, remain musically active. Lennon was shot and killed in December 1980, and Harrison died of cancer in November 2001. The Beatles are the band in history, with estimated sales of over 600 million records worldwide. They have had more number-one albums on the British charts and sold more singles in the UK than any other act, according to the RIAA, the Beatles are also the best-selling music artists in the United States, with 178 million certified units. In 2008, the group topped Billboard magazines list of the all-time most successful Hot 100 artists, as of 2016 and they have received ten Grammy Awards, an Academy Award for Best Original Song Score and fifteen Ivor Novello Awards. The group was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1988 and they were also collectively included in Time magazines compilation of the twentieth centurys 100 most influential people. In March 1957, John Lennon, then aged sixteen, formed a group with several friends from Quarry Bank school. They briefly called themselves the Blackjacks, before changing their name to the Quarrymen after discovering that a local group was already using the other name. Fifteen-year-old Paul McCartney joined as a rhythm guitarist shortly after he, in February 1958, McCartney invited his friend George Harrison to watch the band. The fourteen-year-old auditioned for Lennon, impressing him with his playing, after a month of Harrisons persistence, they enlisted him as their lead guitarist. By January 1959, Lennons Quarry Bank friends had left the group, the three guitarists, billing themselves at least three times as Johnny and the Moondogs, were playing rock and roll whenever they could find a drummer. They used the name until May, when they became the Silver Beetles, before undertaking a tour of Scotland as the backing group for pop singer. By early July, they had changed their name to the Silver Beatles, allan Williams, the Beatles unofficial manager, arranged a residency for them in Hamburg, but lacking a full-time drummer they auditioned and hired Pete Best in mid-August 1960
The Beatles
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The "Fab Four" Beatles lineup in 1964 Top: Lennon, McCartney Bottom: Harrison, Starr
The Beatles
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Abbey Road Studios main entrance
The Beatles
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McCartney, Harrison, Swedish pop singer
Lill-Babs and Lennon on the set of the Swedish television show Drop-In, 30 October 1963
The Beatles
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The Beatles arrive at John F. Kennedy International Airport, 7 February 1964
15.
List of best-selling music artists
–
This list includes music artists with claims of 75 million or more record sales. If two or more artists have the same claimed sales, they are ranked by certified units. Sales figures, such as those from Soundscan, which are published by Billboard magazine, have not been included in the certified units column. As of 2017, based on sales claims and certified units, The Beatles are considered the highest-selling band. Elvis Presley is considered the individual artist based on sales claims. All artists included on this list, which have begun charting on official albums or singles charts have their available claimed figures supported by at least 20% in certified units, the certified units are sourced from available online databases of local music industry associations. All certified units are converted from Gold/Platinum/Diamond certification awards based on criteria provided by certifying bodies, the certified sales percentage varies according to the first year that an artist appeared in the charts. The requirements of certified sales are designed to avoid inflated sales figures, the claimed figures are referenced from online articles created by highly reliable sources. For clarity, the used, say the term records. However, if all sources for an artist or band say albums. The claimed figures are upgraded only when there is a significant progress in artists certified sales, in other words, the available certified sales for each artist should get relatively closer to already listed claimed figure in order for higher figures to replace the listed ones. The certified sales of the artists may sometimes be higher than their listed claimed figures. This is because Recording Industry Association of America and almost all other certifying bodies count streaming towards Gold, for this reason, some singles and even albums get over certified by hundreds of thousands of units.4 million downloads. The figures of total certified units within the table below are based on certified units of albums, singles, markets order within the table is based on Retail Value, each market generates respectively, the largest market at the top and smallest at the bottom. The column for certified sales above includes markets, the databases of which contain certifications representing figures of 100,000, the figures of total certified units within the table below are based on certified units of albums, singles and videos. Markets order within the table is based on Retail Value each market generates respectively, the largest market at the top, the column for certified sales above includes markets, the databases of which contain certifications representing figures of 100,000 and more. The figures of total certified units within the table below are based on certified units of albums, singles, markets order within the table is based on Retail Value each market generates respectively, the largest market at the top and the smallest at the bottom. The column for certified sales above includes markets, the databases of which contain certifications representing figures of 100,000, the figures of total certified units within the table below are based on certified units of albums, singles and videos
List of best-selling music artists
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The Beatles
List of best-selling music artists
–
Elvis Presley
List of best-selling music artists
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Michael Jackson
List of best-selling music artists
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Madonna
16.
RIAA certification
–
In the United States, the Recording Industry Association of America awards certification based on the number of albums and singles sold through retail and other ancillary markets. Certification is not automatic, for an award to be made, the audit is conducted against net shipments after returns, which includes albums sold directly to retailers and one-stops, direct-to-consumer sales and other outlets. Presently, an American RIAA-certified Gold record is a single or album that has sold 500,000 units, the award was launched in 1958, originally, the requirement for a Gold single was one million units sold and a Gold album represented $1 million in sales. In 1975, the requirement of 500,000 units sold was added for Gold albums. Reflecting growth in sales, the Platinum award was added in 1976 for albums selling one million units. The Multi-Platinum award was introduced in 1984, signifying multiple Platinum levels of albums, in 1989, the sales thresholds for singles were reduced to 500,000 for Gold and 1,000,000 for Platinum, reflecting a decrease in sales of singles. In 1992, RIAA began counting each disc in a set as one unit toward certification. Reflecting additional growth in sales, the Diamond award was instituted in 1999 for albums or singles selling ten million units. Because of these changes in criteria, the sales level associated with a particular award depends on when the award was made, Nielsen SoundScan figures are not used in RIAA certification, the RIAA system predates Nielsen SoundScan and includes sales outlets Nielsen misses. Prior to Nielsen SoundScan, RIAA certification was the only audited and this system has allowed, at times, for record labels to promote an album as Gold or Platinum simply based on large shipments. For instance, in 1978 the Sgt, peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band soundtrack shipped platinum but was a sales bust, with two million returns. Similarly, all four albums by the members of Kiss simultaneously shipped Platinum that same year. A similar discrepancy between shipments and sales was reported with The Lion King soundtrack, multi-disc albums are counted once for each disc within the album if it is over 100 minutes in length or is from the vinyl era. Pink Floyds The Wall and The Beatles White Album, both vinyl-era, are also counted double even though their running times are under the minimum requirement. Since 2000, the RIAA also awards Los Premios de Oro y De Platino to Latin albums which are defined by the RIAA as a type of product that features at least 51% of content in Spanish, the thresholds were 100,000 units and 200,000 units. All Spanish-language albums certified prior to 2008 were updated to match the current certification at the time, la Bomba by Bolivian group Azul Azul is the only single to receive a Latin certification based on shipments before the creation of the Latin digital singles awards in 2013. The Disco de Diamante award was introduced after the RIAA updated the thresholds for Latin certifications in December 20,2013, the Disco de Diamante is awarded to Latin albums that have been certified 10× Platinum. The thresholds were previously 1,000,000 units and 2,000,000 units, when the RIAA changed the certification standards to match retail distribution in August 2006, all Platinum and Multi-Platinum awards for a digital release were withdrawn
RIAA certification
–
A platinum award for the album
GHV2 of
Madonna.
17.
No Fences
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No Fences is the second studio album by the American country music artist Garth Brooks. It was released on August 27,1990, and reached #1 on Billboards Top Country Albums chart, the album also reached #3 on the Billboard 200. On the latter chart it stayed in the top 40 for 126 weeks, No Fences remains Brooks best-selling studio album to date with 17 million copies shipped in the US, and is the album that made him an international star. It was his first album issued in Europe and this was Garths first album to have a crossover-friendly country-pop sound, which was a departure from the neotraditional country sound of his first album. Some of Brooks most famous songs appear on No Fences, including, The Thunder Rolls, Friends in Low Places, Unanswered Prayers and Two of a Kind, a cover version of The Fleetwoods Mr. Blue appears on the album. The album itself was named Album of the Year by the ACM in 1990 and it reached Number 1 on the British country music charts and remained charted for over five years. The track Victim of the Game was later covered by Brookss friend, Brooks later re-recorded the track Wild Horses, and released the new recording as a single in early 2001, reaching #7 on the country chart. In September 2015, it was announced No Fences would be reissued later in the year to commemorate its 25-year release anniversary. The release would include a new version of Friends in Low Places, featuring George Strait, Jason Aldean, Florida Georgia Line, the album release has since been delayed due to royalty disputes. Blue –3,16 Wolves –4,08 AThis track was not on the release of the album. The following credits are sourced from liner notes included with the albums release
No Fences
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No Fences
18.
The Hits (Garth Brooks album)
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The Hits is the second compilation album and first wide-released greatest hits album from American country music artist Garth Brooks. The Hits was released on December 13,1994 and is now out of print and this was due to Brooks views for whole record sales, instead of albums of singles. He insisted it only be available for a time. The Hits debuted at #1 on the Billboard 200, and Top Country Albums, a CD Zoom containing 20-second sound bites of 61 songs accompanied The Hits. In June 1995, the master was buried under Brooks’ star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, burning Bridges as 3rd Track and The Red Strokes as 19th Track. The Hits debuted at #1 on the U. S. Billboard 200, becoming his fourth, in November 1998, The Hits was certified 10x Platinum by the RIAA
The Hits (Garth Brooks album)
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The Hits
19.
Sevens (album)
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Sevens is the seventh studio album by American country music artist Garth Brooks. It was released on November 25,1997, and debuted at #1 on the Billboard 200, the album also topped the Country album charts in Britain for several months and crossed over into the mainstream pop charts. His duet with Trisha Yearwood, In Anothers Eyes, won the Grammy Award for Best Country Collaboration with Vocals at the Grammy Awards of 1998, Sevens was nominated for the Best Country Album Grammy the following year. 777,777 copies of Sevens were marked as First Editions and these albums have a gold seal on the CD booklet and a similar mark on the CD itself. Canadian versions of the albums have a leaf shaped seal on the cover. First Editions were not released outside of North America, Brooks commented on the album by saying, Im proud, Im excited, Im nervous, and it feels good to be back in the game again. This is a personal album. I only wrote six of the songs, but there are many that are so me that people I work with every day thought I wrote them and it was directed by Jon Small and Garth Brooks. Sevens debuted at #1 on the U. S. Billboard 200, becoming his fifth, in November 2006, Sevens was certified 10 x Platinum by the RIAA. Crowd vocals on Two Piña Coladas, Dorothy The Birthday Girl Robinson, Charles Green, Mat Lindsey, Sandy Mason, Shawn Camp, Big Al, Double D, Sam The Man Duczer, Garth Brooks
Sevens (album)
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Sevens
20.
Double Live (Garth Brooks album)
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Double Live is the first and only live album by American country music artist Garth Brooks. It was released on November 17,1998 and is a compilation of live songs. The album broke the sales record at the time, previously held by Pearl Jams Vs. when it sold 1,085,000 copies. It became the live album in the U. S. since Eric Claptons Unplugged in 1992. It has been certified 21× Platinum by the RIAA, and is the seventh most shipped album in the U. S, by 2012, it had sold 6,017,000 copies. Double Live was re-released on September 5,2014, as Double Live, 25th Anniversary Edition, exclusive to GhostTunes. Steve Wariner Its Your Song –4,18 Much Too Young –3,12 The River –3,48 –0,061 Tearin It Up –3,56 1Track 13 is six seconds of crowd noise, added to make the final track on this disc #14. In each of the six weeks, another commemorative cover was released. Double Live debuted at #1 on the U. S. Billboard 200, becoming Brooks seventh, in November 2006, Double Live was certified 21 x Platinum by the RIAA. Its Your Song was re-recorded in the studio and released as a single, two of the albums other tracks charted on the Billboard charts in 1998 from unsolicited airplay. List of best-selling albums in the United States
Double Live (Garth Brooks album)
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Double Live
21.
The Ultimate Hits
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The first single released from the album, More Than a Memory, made US country chart history the week of September 15,2007, when it debuted at #1, the first to do so. The other new singles are Midnight Sun, and Workin for a Livin which peaked in the Top 20, a non-single, Leave a Light On, is also on this album. The album was released in a special pink edition on October 15,2007. The album debuted at three on the U. S. Billboard 200 chart, selling about 352,000 copies in its first week. Selling 204,000 copies, the album went to one on the Top Country Albums chart in its second week. In its third week, The Ultimate Hits sold 192,000 bringing its total to more than 748,000 albums sold. In Great Britain the album was also a hit, reaching #1 in the Country music charts, on January 18,2008, the RIAA certified The Ultimate Hits Gold, Platinum &5 times, Multi-platinum - denoting shipments of 2.5 million in the United States. On June 26,2014 the RIAA certified it 6 and 7 times Multi-platinum for shipments of 3.5 million and it has sold 2.7 million copies in the US as of February 2017
The Ultimate Hits
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The Ultimate Hits
22.
Grammy Award
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A Grammy Award, or Grammy, is an honor awarded by The Recording Academy to recognize outstanding achievement in the mainly English-language music industry. The annual presentation ceremony features performances by prominent artists, and the presentation of awards that have a more popular interest. It shares recognition of the industry as that of the other performance awards such as the Emmy Awards, the Tony Awards. The first Grammy Awards ceremony was held on May 4,1959, to honor, following the 2011 ceremony, The Academy overhauled many Grammy Award categories for 2012. The 59th Grammy Awards, honoring the best achievements from October 2015 to September 2016, was held on February 12,2017, the Grammys had their origin in the Hollywood Walk of Fame project in the 1950s. The music executives decided to rectify this by creating a given by their industry similar to the Oscars. This was the beginning of the National Academy of Recording Arts, after it was decided to create such an award, there was still a question of what to call it, one working title was the Eddie, to honor the inventor of the phonograph, Thomas Edison. They finally settled on using the name of the invention of Emile Berliner, the gramophone, for the awards, the number of awards given grew and fluctuated over the years with categories added and removed, at one time reaching over 100. The second Grammy Awards, also held in 1959, was the first ceremony to be televised, the gold-plated trophies, each depicting a gilded gramophone, are made and assembled by hand by Billings Artworks in Ridgway, Colorado. In 1990 the original Grammy design was revamped, changing the traditional soft lead for a stronger alloy less prone to damage, Billings developed a zinc alloy named grammium, which is trademarked. The trophies with the name engraved on them are not available until after the award announcements. By February 2009,7,578 Grammy trophies had been awarded, the General Field are four awards which are not restricted by genre. Album of the Year is awarded to the performer and the team of a full album if other than the performer. Record of the Year is awarded to the performer and the team of a single song if other than the performer. Song of the Year is awarded to the writer/composer of a single song, Best New Artist is awarded to a promising breakthrough performer who releases, during the Eligibility Year, the first recording that establishes the public identity of that artist. The only two artists to win all four of these awards are Christopher Cross, who won all four in 1980, and Adele, who won the Best New Artist award in 2009 and the other three in 2012 and 2017. Other awards are given for performance and production in specific genres, as well as for other such as artwork. Special awards are given for longer-lasting contributions to the music industry, the many other Grammy trophies are presented in a pre-telecast Premiere Ceremony earlier in the afternoon before the Grammy Awards telecast
Grammy Award
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Grammy Awards
Grammy Award
23.
Walmart
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Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. doing business as Walmart, is an American multinational retailing corporation that operates as a chain of hypermarkets, discount department stores, and grocery stores. Headquartered in Bentonville, Arkansas, the company was founded by Sam Walton in 1962, as of January 31,2017, Walmart has 11,695 stores and clubs in 28 countries, under a total of 63 banners. The company operates under the name Walmart in the United States and it operates as Walmart de México y Centroamérica in Mexico and Central America, as Asda in the United Kingdom, as the Seiyu Group in Japan, and as Best Price in India. It has wholly owned operations in Argentina, Brazil, and Canada and it also owns and operates the Sams Club retail warehouses. Walmart is the worlds largest company by revenue, according to the Fortune Global 500 list in 2016 and it is a family-owned business, as the company is controlled by the Walton family. Sam Waltons heirs own over 50 percent of Walmart through their company, Walton Enterprises. Walmart is also one of the worlds most valuable companies by market value, in 2016,62.3 percent of Walmarts US$478.614 billion sales came from its U. S. operations. The company was listed on the New York Stock Exchange in 1972, by 1988, Walmart was the most profitable retailer in the U. S. and by October 1989, it had become the largest in terms of revenue. A Walmart in York, Pennsylvania opened in October 1990, bringing the store to the Northeast. In 1945, a businessman and a former J. C. Penney employee, Sam Walton and his primary focus was on selling products at low prices to get higher-volume sales at a lower profit margin, portraying it as a crusade for the consumer. He experienced setbacks, because the price and branch purchase were unusually high. He passed on the savings in the product pricing, sales increased 45 percent in his first year of ownership to US$105,000 in revenue, which increased to US$140,000 the next year and US$175,000 the year after that. Within the fifth year, the store was generating US$250,000 in revenue, when the lease for the location expired, Walton was unable to reach an agreement for renewal, so he opened up a new store at 105 N. Main Street in Bentonville, naming it Waltons Five and Dime and that store is now the Walmart Museum. On July 2,1962, Walton opened the first Walmart Discount City store at 719 W. Walnut Street in Rogers, within its first five years, the company expanded to 24 stores across Arkansas and reached US$12.6 million in sales. In 1968, it opened its first stores outside Arkansas, in Sikeston, Missouri and Claremore, the company was incorporated as Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. on October 31,1969. In 1970, it opened its office and first distribution center in Bentonville. It had 38 stores operating with 1,500 employees and sales of US$44.2 million and it began trading stock as a publicly held company on October 1,1970, and was soon listed on the New York Stock Exchange
Walmart
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Walmart headquarters building
Walmart
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Sam Walton's original Walton's Five and Dime store in
Bentonville,
Arkansas now serving as the Walmart Visitor Center
Walmart
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Inside a Walmart Supercenter in
West Plains, Missouri
Walmart
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The exterior of the Walmart store in
West Hills, California.
24.
Las Vegas
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The city anchors the Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area and is the largest city within the greater Mojave Desert. Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city known primarily for its gambling, shopping, fine dining, entertainment and it is the leading financial, commercial, and cultural center for Nevada. The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World and it is a top three destination in the United States for business conventions and a global leader in the hospitality industry, claiming more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any city in the world. Today, Las Vegas annually ranks as one of the worlds most visited tourist destinations. The citys tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of Sin City, and has made Las Vegas a popular setting for literature, films, television programs, Las Vegas was settled in 1905 and officially incorporated in 1911. At the close of the 20th century, it was the most populated American city founded within that century, population growth has accelerated since the 1960s, and between 1990 and 2000 the population nearly doubled, increasing by 85. 2%. Rapid growth has continued into the 21st century, and according to a 2013 estimate, perhaps the earliest visitors to the Las Vegas area were nomadic Paleo-Indians, who traveled there 10,000 years ago, leaving behind petroglyphs. Anasazi and Paiute tribes followed at least 2,000 years ago, a young Mexican scout named Rafael Rivera is credited as the first non-Native American to encounter the valley, in 1829. Trader Antonio Armijo led a 60-man party along the Spanish Trail to Los Angeles, the area was named Las Vegas, which is Spanish for the meadows, as it featured abundant wild grasses, as well as desert spring waters for westward travelers. The year 1844 marked the arrival of John C, frémont, whose writings helped lure pioneers to the area. Downtown Las Vegas Fremont Street is named after him, eleven years later members of the LDS Church chose Las Vegas as the site to build a fort halfway between Salt Lake City and Los Angeles, where they would travel to gather supplies. The fort was abandoned several years afterward, the remainder of this Old Mormon Fort can still be seen at the intersection of Las Vegas Boulevard and Washington Avenue. Las Vegas was founded as a city in 1905, when 110 acres of adjacent to the Union Pacific Railroad tracks were auctioned in what would become the downtown area. In 1911, Las Vegas was incorporated as a city,1931 was a pivotal year for Las Vegas. At that time, Nevada legalized casino gambling and reduced residency requirements for divorce to six weeks and this year also witnessed the beginning of construction on nearby Hoover Dam. The influx of workers and their families helped Las Vegas avoid economic calamity during the Great Depression. The construction work was completed in 1935, in 1941, the Las Vegas Army Air Corps Gunnery School was established. Currently known as Nellis Air Force Base, it is home to the team called the Thunderbirds
Las Vegas
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In order from top left, clockwise: 1.
World Market Center Las Vegas; 2.
Fremont East; 3.
Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health; 4.
Smith Center for the Performing Arts; 5.
Downtown Las Vegas with the
Las Vegas Valley in the background; 6.
Grand Central Parkway Interchange; 7.
Symphony Park; 8.
Downtown Arts District; 9.
Las Vegas industrial district looking North away from the
Las Vegas Strip during
First Friday
Las Vegas
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Southern
Paiutes at
Moapa wearing traditional Paiute basket hats with Paiute cradleboard and rabbit robe
Las Vegas
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Golden Nugget and
Pioneer Club along
Fremont Street in 1952.
Las Vegas
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Astronaut photograph of Las Vegas at night
25.
Encore Las Vegas
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Encore Las Vegas is a luxury resort, casino and hotel located on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada. The resort is connected to its resort, Wynn Las Vegas. Encore has been awarded the AAA Five Diamond Award every year since opening, the Towers Suites at Encore and The Spa have both received the Forbes five-star award. Together with adjacent Wynn Las Vegas, the entire Wynn complex has a total of 4,750 rooms, on April 28,2006, Wynn Las Vegas celebrated its one-year anniversary by breaking ground on a second hotel tower. Initially named the Encore Suites at Wynn Las Vegas, the 2, 034-room hotel project cost $2.3 billion and was sited adjacent to the existing resort and on the remaining frontage of Las Vegas Boulevard. Originally envisioned as an expansion of Wynn Las Vegas, Encore Las Vegas quickly became a full-scale resort, the resort was estimated to add 5,300 jobs to the Las Vegas area. After 2½ years of construction, the resort opened to the public at 8,00 pm on December 22,2008. Due to the economic downturn, the opening was designed to be more subdued than previous casino resort openings. The resorts jewelry shop featured the 231 carats, prune-sized Wynn Diamond, to open the betting, Steve Wynn gave high-rollers a few million dollars to make the initial bets and initiated the action by declaring over a microphone, Let the games begin. The start of gambling was accompanied by a recording of Frank Sinatras Luck Be a Lady Tonight. The resort features a 74, 000-square-foot casino,60,000 square feet of space,27,000 sq ft of retail space in The Esplanade, a spa and salon, five restaurants, seven bars. The pool area includes 29 rentable cabanas, in late November 2009, the casino was slightly altered, removing drapery and palm trees in an effort to open up the space a bit more. Steve Wynn, after reviewing and walking through, replaced the planting, the resorts nightclub, XS, was developed by Victor Drai and opened on New Years Eve 2008 with 40,000 sq ft and space for 3,000 guests. Other restaurants are Wazuzu, a bistro that features a 27 ft crystal dragon, Andreas an Asian inspired cuisine by Chef Joseph Elevado, and Society Cafe. The Encore Beach Club opened in June 2010, replacing the Strip entry, the Resort Suites contain 700–745 ft² of floor space. The hotel tower features two sections, the standard Resort tower and the smaller, more upscale Tower Suites, the resorts permanent show was singer-comedian-impressionist Danny Gans, until his death on May 1,2009. The performance space, built with Wynn Las Vegas and previously named the Broadway Theater, Encore Beach Club is a 50,000 square feet venue featuring 40-foot palm trees surrounding three tiered pools. There are chaise lounges, couches, and day beds featuring private safes and it includes oversized lily pads resting in shallow water, and shower poles
Encore Las Vegas
Encore Las Vegas
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Standard Room at Encore
Encore Las Vegas
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Resort Suite at Encore
Encore Las Vegas
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Encore Beach Club
26.
The Garth Brooks World Tour with Trisha Yearwood
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The Garth Brooks World Tour with Trisha Yearwood is a current concert tour by American country music artists Garth Brooks and Trisha Yearwood. Beginning on September 4,2014, in Rosemont, Illinois and it launched in support of his 2014 studio album, Man Against Machine. As of March 2017, the tour is on its leg, having covered cities throughout the United States. The North American portion of the tour is expected to last through 2017, and shows in Europe, Australia, South America, high demand has prompted multiple concerts to be added in each city, with Brooks performing two shows per night in some cases. Statistically, the tour is on track to generate attendance and revenue well above the concert tours. Garth Brooks first and second world tours, 1993–94 and 1996–98 respectfully, were both successful and he later confirmed his tour and plans for an upcoming album during a press conference on July 11,2014. On July 15, Brooks stated on his website that each city on the tour will be released. Days later, Brooks announced ten additional shows, all at the same arena, Brooks has continued the pattern of announcing the next city every few weeks, both in an effort to generate excitement and urgency, as well as an attempt to combat ticket resale. Since its official announcement in July 2014, the tour has been in high demand. Typically, two or three shows are announced in one market at a time, with more shows added based on statistics of demand. For the first concerts of the tour,180,000 tickets were sold within three hours, meriting comparison to Bruce Springsteens 1999–2000 reunion tour comeback success, as the tour progressed, Ticketmaster began having issues handling the high demand for tickets. 53,000 tickets were sold for the Atlanta shows, despite fans waiting for more than two due to technical issues by the ticket distribution company. Many arenas ticket sales records have been held by Brooks from his previous world tours, the tour broke the record for most tickets sold for concerts in a single North American city. The same Minneapolis residency was also the most concerts held in a city to date. In January 2016, tickets went on sale for the tours first stop in Canada, in keeping with Brooks own tradition, each ticket sold for the tour is the same price, regardless of location in the venue. An issue that arose beginning with the first concerts on the tour has been high ticket resale prices, for example, tickets for the seven-show residency in Dallas were being resold online for an average price 21% higher than face value. Because of Ticketmasters anti-resale policies, Brooks chose the company to be the ticket sales company for the tour. Despite the optimism for a lack of extreme resale prices, Ticketmasters partner resale sites and services began allowing individuals to sell marked up tickets anyway
The Garth Brooks World Tour with Trisha Yearwood
–
The large cube video monitor encasing the drummer's sphere prior to the concert; it is raised as the band makes their entrance.
The Garth Brooks World Tour with Trisha Yearwood
–
The Garth Brooks World Tour with Trisha Yearwood
27.
Country Music Hall of Fame
–
Chartered in 1964, the museum has amassed one of the world’s most extensive musical collections. The Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum is one of the world’s largest and most active popular music research centers, through CMF, industry leaders raised money to build the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum, which opened on April 1,1967. Located at the head of Music Row, the museum was erected on the site of a small Nashville city park, at this point, artifacts began to be displayed and a small library was begun in a loft above one of the museum’s galleries. At the outset, CMA staff had run the museum, but by 1972 the museum acquired its own small staff, which has steadily increased to over 150 full-time professionals. Building expansion took place in 1974,1977, and 1984 to store and display the museum’s growing collection of costumes, films, historic cars, musical instruments, and other artifacts. To become more accessible, in May 2001 the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum moved to a new,130,000 square feet facility in the heart of downtown Nashville’s arts and entertainment district. In 2014, the museum unveiled a $100 million expansion, doubling its size to 350,000 square feet of galleries, archival storage, education classrooms, retail stores, and special event space. The story is revealed through artifacts, photographs, and text panels, recorded sound, vintage video, sing Me Back Home is enhanced by numerous, rotating limited-engagement exhibits. In addition to the galleries, the museum has the 776-seat CMA Theater, the Taylor Swift Education Center, the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum has developed multiple platforms to make its collection accessible to a wider audience. From weekly instrument demonstrations to its flagship songwriting program for schools, Words & Music, the Country Music Hall of Fame honor was created in 1961 by the Country Music Association, the first inductees were Hank Williams, Jimmie Rodgers, and Fred Rose. Roy Acuff, the first living artist to join the Hall of Fame, was elected in 1962, the most recent inductees are Jerry Reed, Don Schlitz and Alan Jackson. Over the Hall of Fame’s history, the number of new members inducted each year has varied from one to twelve, the election procedure is as follows, A small CMA nominating committee drafts slates of candidates from each category, categories have been defined variously over the years. Award recipients are determined through a two-stage balloting process, the first round of voting narrows each category to five candidates, the second round selects winners. The large select committee of electors that votes on Hall of Fame membership is composed of CMA members who have participated in the music industry for at least ten years. New Hall of Fame members receive special recognition in ceremonies at the Country Music Hall of Fame, today the plaques are displayed in a seventy-foot-high rotunda at the museum’s enlarged downtown Nashville facility. The museum’s archival and library storage, allows for the cultivation of the museum’s collection, hundreds of historic musical instruments, featuring Mother Maybelle Carter’s Gibson L-5, Earl Scruggs’s banjo, Bob Wills’ fiddle, and Bill Monroe’s mandolin. Oral histories, scrapbooks, correspondence, fan club newsletters, sheet music, periodicals, iconic Vehicles, Elvis Presley’s 1960 “Solid Gold” Cadillac limousine, Webb Pierce’s 1962 Pontiac Bonneville convertible, and Jerry Reed’s 1980 Pontiac Trans Am from Smokey and the Bandit II. When viewed from the air, the forms a massive bass clef
Country Music Hall of Fame
–
Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum
28.
Technical drawing
–
Technical drawing, drafting or drawing, is the act and discipline of composing drawings that visually communicate how something functions or is constructed. Technical drawing is essential for communicating ideas in industry and engineering, to make the drawings easier to understand, people use familiar symbols, perspectives, units of measurement, notation systems, visual styles, and page layout. Together, such conventions constitute a language and help to ensure that the drawing is unambiguous. Many of the symbols and principles of drawing are codified in an international standard called ISO128. The need for communication in the preparation of a functional document distinguishes technical drawing from the expressive drawing of the visual arts. Artistic drawings are subjectively interpreted, their meanings are multiply determined, Technical drawings are understood to have one intended meaning. A drafter, draftsperson, or draughtsman is a person who makes a drawing, a professional drafter who makes technical drawings is sometimes called a drafting technician. Professional drafting is a desirable and necessary function in the design and manufacture of mechanical components. Professional draftspersons bridge the gap between engineers and manufacturers and contribute experience and technical expertise to the design process, the basic drafting procedure is to place a piece of paper on a smooth surface with right-angle corners and straight sides—typically a drawing board. A sliding straightedge known as a T-square is then placed on one of the sides, allowing it to be slid across the side of the table, parallel lines can be drawn simply by moving the T-square and running a pencil or technical pen along the T-squares edge. The T-square is used to other devices such as set squares or triangles. Modern drafting tables come equipped with a machine that is supported on both sides of the table to slide over a large piece of paper. Because it is secured on both sides, lines drawn along the edge are guaranteed to be parallel, in addition, the drafter uses several technical drawing tools to draw curves and circles. Primary among these are the compasses, used for drawing simple arcs and circles, a spline is a rubber coated articulated metal that can be manually bent to most curves. Drafting templates assist the drafter with creating recurring objects in a drawing without having to reproduce the object from scratch every time. Templates are sold commercially by a number of vendors, usually customized to a specific task and this basic drafting system requires an accurate table and constant attention to the positioning of the tools. A common error is to allow the triangles to push the top of the T-square down slightly, thereby throwing off all angles. Even tasks as simple as drawing two angled lines meeting at a point require a number of moves of the T-square and triangles and these machines often included the ability to change the angle, thereby removing the need for the triangles as well
Technical drawing
–
Drafter at work.
Technical drawing
–
Copying technical drawings in 1973
Technical drawing
–
Sketch for a government building.
Technical drawing
–
A drafting table.
29.
Irish American
–
Irish Americans are an ethnic group comprising Americans who have full or partial ancestry from Ireland, especially those who identify with that ancestry, along with their cultural characteristics. About 33.3 million Americans—10. 5% of the total population—reported Irish ancestry in the 2013 American Community Survey conducted by the U. S. Census Bureau and this compares with a population of 6.4 million on the island of Ireland. Three million people identified as Scots-Irish, whose ancestors were Ulster Scots who emigrated from Ireland to the United States. An estimated 250,000 migrated to the United States during the colonial era, only 20,000 immigrants of these immigrants from Ireland were Catholics—English, Irish or a few Germans. Catholics numbered 40,000 or 1. 6% of the population of 2.5 million in 1775. The Scots-Irish settled mainly in the back country of the Appalachian Mountain region. Irish Americans signed the documents of the United States—the Declaration of Independence. The early Ulster immigrants and their descendants at first usually referred to simply as Irish. However, most descendants of the Scots-Irish continued to consider themselves Irish or American rather than Scots-Irish, however, beginning in the early 19th century, many Irish migrated individually to the interior for work on large-scale infrastructure projects such as canals and, later in the century, railroads. During the colonial period, Scots-Irish settled in the southern Appalachian backcountry, by the 19th century, through intermarriage with settlers of English and German ancestry, the descendants of the Scots-Irish lost their identification with Ireland. This generation of pioneers. was a generation of Americans, not of Englishmen or Germans or Scots-Irish, in 1820 Irish-born John England became the first Catholic bishop in the mainly Protestant city of Charleston, South Carolina. During the 1820s and 30s, Bishop England defended the Catholic minority against Protestant prejudices, in 1831 and 1835, he established free schools for free African American children. Inflamed by the propaganda of the American Anti-Slavery Society, a mob raided the Charleston post office in 1835, England led Charlestons Irish Volunteers to defend the school. Soon after this, however, all schools for blacks were closed in Charleston. The Irish Catholics concentrated in a few medium-sized cities, where they were visible, especially in Charleston, Savannah. After secession in 1861, the Irish Catholic community supported the Confederacy and 20,000 served in the Confederate Army, civilian leaders of the Irish and the South did embrace the Confederate national project and most became advocates of a hard-war policy. Although most began as unskilled laborers, Irish Catholics in the South achieved average or above average economic status by 1900, the large Erie Canal project was one such example where Irishmen were many of the laborers. Small but tight communities developed in growing such as Philadelphia, Boston, New York
Irish American
–
Charles Carroll, signer of the
United States Declaration of Independence, was the descendant of Irish nobility in
County Tipperary. Signers
Matthew Thornton,
George Taylor and
James Smith were all born in Ireland.
Irish American
–
"Leacht Cuimhneacháin na nGael",
Irish famine memorial located in
Penn's Landing,
Philadelphia
Irish American
–
Gravestone in
Boston Catholic cemetery erected in memory of
County Roscommon native born shortly before the
Great Famine
Irish American
–
The Orange riot of 1871 as depicted in
Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper. The view is at
25th Street in
Manhattan looking south down
Eighth Avenue.
30.
Capitol Records
–
Capitol Records, LLC is an American record label which operates as a division of the Capitol Music Group. The label was founded as the first West Coast-based record label in the United States in 1942 by three industry insiders named Johnny Mercer, Buddy DeSylva and Glenn Wallichs, in 1955, the label was acquired by the British music conglomerate EMI as its North American subsidiary. EMI was later acquired by Universal Music Group in 2012 and was merged with the company in 2013, making Capitol Records, Capitol Records circular headquarter building located in Los Angeles is a recognized landmark of California. Mercer first raised the idea of starting a company while golfing with Harold Arlen. By 1941, Mercer was a songwriter and a singer with multiple successful releases. Mercer next suggested the idea to Wallichs while visiting his record store, Wallichs expressed interest in the idea and the pair negotiated an agreement whereby Mercer would run the company and identify their artists, while Wallichs managed the business side. On February 2,1942, Mercer and Wallichs met with DeSylva at a Hollywood restaurant to inquire about the possibility of investment of the company from Paramount Pictures, while DeSylva declined the proposal, he handed the pair a check worth $15,000. On March 27,1942, the three men incorporated as Liberty Records, in May 1942, the application was amended to change the companys name to Capitol Records. On April 6,1942, Mercer supervised Capitols first recording session where Martha Tilton recorded the song Moon Dreams, on May 5, Bobby Sherwood and his orchestra recorded two tracks in the studio. On May 21, Freddie Slack and his orchestra recorded three tracks in the studio, one with the orchestra, one with Ella Mae Morse called Cow-Cow Boogie, on June 4,1942, Capitol opened its first office in a second-floor room south of Sunset Boulevard. On that same day, Wallichs presented the companys first free record to Los Angeles disc jockey Peter Potter, on June 5,1942, Paul Whiteman and his Orchestra recorded four songs at the studio. On June 12, the recorded five more songs in the studio. On June 11, Tex Ritter recorded Jingle Jangle Jingle and Goodbye My Little Cherokee for his first Capitol recording session, and the songs formed Capitols 110th produced record. 133 - Get On Board Little Chillun - July 31,1942 - is a Freddie Slack/Ella Mae Morse/Mellowaires recording that might be the first rock n roll record and she has sometimes been called the first rock n roll singer. A good example is her 1942 recording of song which, with strong gospel, blues, boogie. Bone Walker recorded Mean Old World a pioneering example of the use of electric guitar. The earliest recording artists included co-owner Mercer, Whiteman, Tilton, Morse, Margaret Whiting, Jo Stafford, the Pied Pipers, Johnnie Johnston, Tex Ritter, Capitols first gold single was Morses Cow Cow Boogie in 1942. Capitols first album was Capitol Presents Songs By Johnny Mercer, a three 78-rpm disc set with recordings by Mercer, Stafford and the Pied Pipers, all with Westons Orchestra
Capitol Records
–
Center of image: 1950s LP on Capitol
Capitol Records
–
Capitol Records
Capitol Records
–
45rpm Beatles single on Capitol
Capitol Records
–
Capitol logo from 1969 to 1977
31.
Ozark Jubilee
–
The weekly live stage show premiered on ABC-TV on January 22,1955, was renamed Country Music Jubilee on July 6,1957, and was finally named Jubilee USA on August 2,1958. Originating from the heart of the Ozarks, the Saturday night variety series helped popularize country music in Americas cities and suburbs, the ABC Radio version was heard by millions more starting in August 1954. A typical program included a mix of vocal and instrumental performances, comedy routines, square dancing, the host was Red Foley, the nations top country music personality. Other featured cast members were Webb Pierce, Bobby Lord, Leroy Van Dyke, Norma Jean, the Jubilee was canceled after almost six years as rock and roll grew in popularity, and in part because of publicity surrounding tax evasion charges against Foley, who was later acquitted. On September 24,1960, the final telecast, like the first in 1955, the program concluded with him performing May the Good Lord Bless and Keep You. The series was voted Best Country Music Show by Fame magazines annual TV critics poll in 1957 and 1960, in 1961, NBC-TV carried a spin-off, Five Star Jubilee. The first country program on network television was Village Barn. NBC and later ABC also aired Midwestern Hayride, the shows, however, were generally short-lived summer replacements and had few if any well-known performers. Ozark Jubilee was the first network TV program to feature Americas top country music stars, at five years, eight months it also holds the record for the longest-running country music series on network television. 1954–55 season Starting January 22,1955, Saturday, 9–10 p. m. Starting July 2,1955, Saturday,7, 30–9 p. m. 1955–56 season, Saturday,7, 30–9 p. m. 1956–57 season Starting October 4,1956, Thursday, 10–11 p. m. Starting December 29,1956, Saturday, 8–9 p. m. 1957–58 season, Saturday, 8–9 p. m. 1958–59 season Starting September 29,1958, Monday, 8–8,30 p. m. Starting November 1,1958, Saturday, 8–9 p. m. 1959–60 season Starting October 3,1959, Saturday, 10–11 p. m. – September 24,1960 From October 15,1955 to September 15,1956, from March through September 1956, the Junior Jubilee edition aired in the 7, 30–8 p. m. time slot. In contrast to many series which went on summer hiatus. Their stable of country music shows and talent grew, and Foster believed Springfield could dethrone Nashville to become the crossroads of country music and he realized television was the key, and named his new company Crossroads TV Productions, Inc. with Siman and John B. A financial backer was local businessman Lester E. Cox, in December 1953, they launched Ozark Jubilee on Springfields KYTV-TV. In April 1954, after negotiations, Siman lured Red Foley from Nashville to host the show with a one-year contract
Ozark Jubilee
–
Ozark Jubilee
Ozark Jubilee
–
ABC-TV logo 1957–1961
Ozark Jubilee
–
Red Foley Jubilee publicity photo
Ozark Jubilee
–
Ozark Jubilee cast at the Jewell Theatre, 1956
32.
Yukon, Oklahoma
–
Yukon is a city in Canadian County, Oklahoma, United States. It is part of the Oklahoma City Metropolitan Area, the population was 22,709 at the 2010 census. Founded in the 1890s, the town was named in reference to a rush in Yukon Territory, Canada. Historically, Yukon served as a center for area farmers. It is now considered primarily a community for people who work in Oklahoma City. Spencer in 1891, and was named for the Yukon River in Alaska, Spencer, a cattleman from Texas turned railroad builder, was working on a line from El Reno to Arkansas when he decided to build the town. Spencer filed the plat on the townsite on February 14,1891 and he had agreed to do so and lay the train tracks through the town in exchange for half of the lots, which were owned by Minnie Taylor and Luther S. Morrison. Taylor and Morrison had acquired the land in the 1889 land run, Spencer also bought two quarter sections south of Main Street from Joseph Carson and his sister, Josephine. Spencer and his brother, Lewis, named the town after the Yukon Territory of Canada, the first houses and businesses were located on the north side of Spencer Avenue and present Fourth and Fifth streets. The Choctaw, Oklahoma and Gulf Railway Company laid its track, causing the abandonment of Frisco, beginning in about 1898, Yukon began to attract immigrants from Bohemia. Following World War I and the dissolution of Bohemia into Czechoslovakia and Moravia, Yukon is known as the Czech Capital of Oklahoma. The town voted to incorporate in 1901 and voted to add water works, sewer, businesses remained clustered on Main Street between Fourth and Fifth, until the 1920s, when they began to locate in other parts of the town. The interurban was built from Oklahoma City to El Reno in 1911, paved roads didnt arrive until the construction of State Highway 66 in 1926. Yukon thrived as the center for area farmers and had an organized library by 1905. A small milling operation, the Yukon Mill and Grain Company, opened in 1893 and grew to shipping flour and feeds throughout the south and exporting them overseas by 1915. The milling operation was owned by the Kroutil and Dobry families, the mills were sold to larger corporations, Shawnee Mills purchased the Yukon Mill and Grain Company and Mid-Continent purchased the Dobry Mills. Paying homage to that history, the students of Yukon High School are known as Millers, in 1949, Yukon garnered national media attention because of the plight of Grady the Cow, who was stuck inside a silo for four days. From a population of 830 in 1907, Yukon grew to 1,990 by 1950, by 1960, the population registered at 3,076
Yukon, Oklahoma
–
Yukon's Best Flour Mill, Yukon, OK
33.
Stillwater, Oklahoma
–
Stillwater is a city in north east Oklahoma at the intersection of US-177 and State Highway 51. It is the county seat of Payne County, Oklahoma, United States, as of 2012, the city population was estimated to be 46,560, making it the tenth largest city in Oklahoma. Stillwater is the city of the Stillwater Micropolitan Statistical Area which had a population of 78,399 according to the 2012 census estimate. Stillwater was part of the first Oklahoma Land Run held April 22,1889, the city charter was adopted on August 24 later that year. Stillwater has an economy with a foundation in aerospace, agribusiness, biotechnology, optoelectronics, printing and publishing. The city operates under a government system. The citys largest employer is Oklahoma State University and it was one of the 100 top places to live in 2010, according to CNN Money Magazine. Stillwater is located in the popularly known as Tornado Alley. It has a subtropical climate and the highest recorded temperature was 115 °F on August 11,1936. The city is home to the National Wrestling Hall of Fame and Museum, the north-central region of Oklahoma became part of the United States with the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. In 1832, author and traveler Washington Irving provided the first recorded description of the area around Stillwater in his book A Tour on the Prairies and he wrote of “a glorious prairie spreading out beneath the golden beams of an autumnal sun. The deep and frequent traces of buffalo, showed it to be a one of their grazing grounds. ”According to one legend, local Native American tribes — Ponca, Kiowa, Osage. A second legend states that cattlemen driving herds from Texas to railways back east always found water still there, a third legend holds that David L. Payne walked up to Stillwater Creek and said, “This town should be named Still Water”. Members of the thought he was crazy, but the name stuck. Stillwater Creek received its name in 1884 when William L. Couch established his “boomer colony” on its banks. On April 22,1889, the cannons fired signaling the first Land Run that opened up the Unassigned Lands of the Oklahoma Territory, which included Stillwater. By the end of the day,240 acres had been claimed and designated as Stillwater township, the Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture simply says that the name officiallybecame Stillwater only when the post office opened on May 28,1889. On Christmas Eve,1890, the legislature of Oklahoma Territory passed a bill certifying Stillwater as the land grant college site, in 1894, Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College held a dedication of its first brick building, Assembly Building, later known as Old Central
Stillwater, Oklahoma
–
Downtown Stillwater (2009)
Stillwater, Oklahoma
–
Stillwater Welcome Sign (2010)
Stillwater, Oklahoma
–
Stillwater Municipal Building
Stillwater, Oklahoma
–
Teal Ridge (2009)
34.
Javelin throw
–
The javelin throw is a track and field event where the javelin, a spear about 2.5 m in length, is thrown. The javelin thrower gains momentum by running within a predetermined area, Javelin throwing is an event of both the mens decathlon and the womens heptathlon. The javelin was part of the pentathlon of the Ancient Olympic Games beginning in 708 BC in two disciplines, distance and target throw, the javelin was thrown with the aid of a thong, called ankyle wound around the middle of the shaft. Athletes would hold the javelin by the thong and when the javelin was released this thong unwound giving the javelin a spiraled flight, throwing javelin-like poles into targets was revived in Germany and Sweden in the early 1870s. In Sweden, these developed into the modern javelin, and throwing them for distance became a common event there. The rules continued to evolve over the decades, originally, javelins were thrown with no run-up. Limited run-ups were introduced in the late 1890s, and soon developed into the modern unlimited run-up, swedens Eric Lemming, who threw his first world best in 1899 and ruled the event from 1902 to 1912, was the first dominant javelin thrower. Competitions for the hand only were less common, though not unknown. At the Olympics a both-hands contest was only once, in 1912, Finland swept the medals. Hungarys Mór Kóczán used a freestyle end grip to break the 60-meter barrier in 1911, the first known womens javelin marks were recorded in Finland in 1909. Originally, women threw the same implement as men, a lighter, shorter javelin for women was introduced in the 1920s, womens javelin throw was added to the Olympic program in 1932, Mildred Babe Didrikson of the United States became the first champion. For a long time, javelins were made of wood, typically birch. The current mens record is held by Jan Železný at 98.48 m. Of the 69 Olympic medals that have been awarded in the javelin,32 have gone to competitors from Norway. Finland has, however, never been nearly as successful in the womens javelin, the javelin was also part of some of the many early forms of womens pentathlon, and has always been included in the heptathlon after it replaced the pentathlon in 1981. The size, shape, minimum weight, and center of gravity of the javelin are all defined by IAAF rules. In international competition, men throw a javelin between 2.6 and 2.7 m in length and 800 g in weight, the javelin has a grip, about 150 mm wide, made of cord and located at the javelins center of gravity. Unlike the other throwing events, the used to throw the javelin is dictated by IAAF rules
Javelin throw
–
Bregje Crolla during Europacup 2007
Javelin throw
–
World Athletics Championships 2007 in Osaka - German javelin thrower Stephan Steding
Javelin throw
–
Matti Järvinen throwing the javelin at the 1932 Olympics
Javelin throw
–
A
Bulgarian javelin thrower, 1934
35.
George Jones
–
George Glenn Jones was an American musician, singer and songwriter. He achieved international fame for his long list of hit records, including his best known song He Stopped Loving Her Today, as well as his distinctive voice, for the last 20 years of his life, Jones was frequently referred to as the greatest living country singer. Waylon Jennings expressed an opinion in his song Its Alright, If we all could sound like we wanted to. The shape of his nose and facial features earned Jones the nickname The Possum, born in Texas, Jones first heard country music when he was seven and was given a guitar at the age of nine. He married his first wife, Dorothy Bonvillion, in 1950 and he served in the United States Marine Corps and was discharged in 1953. He married Shirley Ann Corley in 1954, in 1959, Jones released a cover version of White Lightning by J. P. Richardson, which launched his career as a singer. His second marriage ended in divorce in 1968, he married country music singer Tammy Wynette a year later. Many years of alcoholism caused his health to deteriorate severely and led to his many performances. After his divorce from Wynette in 1975, Jones married his wife, Nancy Sepulvado, in 1983. Jones died in 2013, aged 81, from respiratory failure. During his career, Jones had more than 150 hits, both as a solo artist and in duets with other artists. George Glenn Jones was born on September 12,1931 in Saratoga, Texas and his father, George Washington Jones, worked in a shipyard and played harmonica and guitar while his mother, Clara, played piano in the Pentecostal Church on Sundays. During his delivery, one of the doctors dropped Jones and broke his arm, when he was seven, his parents bought a radio and he heard country music for the first time. But the opposite happened, he became a chronic singer and he became someone who had to sing. Daddy was an unusual drinker. He drank to excess but never while working, and he probably was the hardest working man Ive ever known. His father bought him his first guitar at age nine and he learned his first chords and songs at church and he left home at 16 and went to Jasper, Texas, where he sang and played on the KTXJ radio station with fellow musician Dalton Henderson. From there, he worked at the KRIC radio station, during one such afternoon show, Jones met his idol, Hank Williams. In the 1989 video documentary Same Ole Me, Jones admitted, I couldnt think or eat nothin unless it was Hank Williams and he had to be, really, the greatest
George Jones
–
George Jones performing at Country Fever in
Pryor Creek, Oklahoma in 2005
George Jones
–
Hank Williams, Jones' biggest musical influence.
George Jones
–
Tammy Wynette in 1977
George Jones
–
Jones’ grave in Nashville
36.
James Taylor
–
James Vernon Taylor is an American singer-songwriter and guitarist. A five-time Grammy Award winner, he was inducted into the Rock and he is one of the best-selling music artists of all time, having sold more than 100 million records worldwide. Taylor achieved his breakthrough in 1970 with the No.3 single Fire and Rain and had his first No.1 hit the year with Youve Got a Friend. His 1976 Greatest Hits album was certified Diamond and has sold 12 million US copies, following his 1977 album, JT, he has retained a large audience over the decades. Every album that he released from 1977 to 2007 sold over a million copies and his chart performance had a resurgence during the late 1990s and 2000s, when he recorded some of his most-awarded work. He achieved his first number one album in the US in 2015 with his recording Before This World. He is notable for his covers of other peoples songs, such as How Sweet It Is. James Vernon Taylor was born at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston on March 12,1948 and his father was from a well-off family of Southerners of Scottish ancestry. His mother, the former Gertrude Woodard, studied singing with Marie Sundelius at the New England Conservatory of Music and was an opera singer before the couples marriage in 1946. James was the second of five children, the others being Alex, Kate, Livingston and they built a house in the Morgan Creek area off the present Morgan Creek Road, which was sparsely populated. James would later say, Chapel Hill, the Piedmont, the hills, were tranquil, rural, beautiful. Thinking of the red soil, the seasons, the way things smelled down there, I feel as though my experience of coming of age there was more a matter of landscape, James attended public primary school in Chapel Hill. Isaacs career prospered, but he was away from home, on military service at Bethesda Naval Hospital in Maryland. Isaac Taylor later rose to dean of the UNC School of Medicine from 1964 to 1971. The Taylors spent summers on Marthas Vineyard beginning in 1953, Taylor first learned to play the cello as a child in North Carolina and switched to the guitar in 1960. He began attending Milton Academy, a boarding school in Massachusetts in fall 1961. Summering before then with his family on Marthas Vineyard, he met Danny Kortchmar, the two began listening to and playing blues and folk music together, and Kortchmar quickly realized that Taylors singing had a natural sense of phrasing, every syllable beautifully in time. I knew James had that thing, Taylor wrote his first song on guitar at 14, and he continued to learn the instrument effortlessly
James Taylor
–
Taylor in the mid-1970s
James Taylor
–
Taylor in the early 1970s
James Taylor
–
Mise en scène for
Two-Lane Blacktop:
Boswell, Oklahoma
James Taylor
–
At Winterfest, 1985
37.
Dan Fogelberg
–
He is best known for his early 1980s hits, including Longer, Leader of the Band, and Same Old Lang Syne. Dans mother was a Scottish immigrant, and his father was of Swedish descent and his father would later be the inspiration for the song, Leader of the Band. Using a Mel Bay course book, Dan taught himself to play a Hawaiian slide guitar that his grandfather gave him and he also learned to play the piano. At 14 he joined a band, The Clan, which covered The Beatles and his second band was another cover band, The Coachmen, who, in 1967, released two singles written by Fogelberg. They were cut at Golden Voice Recording studio in South Pekin, IL and he began performing as a solo acoustic player in area cafes. One of these included the Red Herring, which is where he made his first solo recordings as part of a festival in 1971. He was discovered by Irving Azoff, who started his management career promoting another Champaign-Urbana act. Azoff sent him to Nashville, Tennessee, to hone his skills, there he became a session musician and recorded his first album with producer Norbert Putnam. In 1972, Fogelberg released his debut album Home Free to lukewarm response and he performed as an opening act for Van Morrison. Fogelbergs second effort was more successful – the 1974 Joe Walsh-produced album Souvenirs. The song Part of the Plan became Fogelbergs first hit, after Souvenirs, he released a string of gold and platinum albums, including Captured Angel and Nether Lands. His 1978 Twin Sons of Different Mothers was the first of two collaborations with jazz flautist Tim Weisberg, which found success with songs such as The Power of Gold. Phoenix, from 1979, reached the Top 10, with Longer becoming a #2 pop hit in 1980, the track peaked at #59 on the UK Singles Chart – his sole entry on that chart. The album reached #42 on the UK Albums Chart, likewise his only entry there and it was followed by a Top 20 hit Heart Hotels. The Innocent Age, released in October 1981, was Fogelbergs critical and commercial peak, the double album included four of his biggest hits, Same Old Lang Syne, Hard to Say, Leader of the Band, and Run for the Roses. He drew inspiration for The Innocent Age from Thomas Wolfes novel Of Time, a 1982 greatest hits album contained two new songs, both of which were released as singles, Missing You and Make Love Stay. In 1984, he released the album Windows and Walls, containing the singles The Language of Love and Believe in Me, Fogelberg released High Country Snows in 1985. Recorded in Nashville, it showcased his and some of the industrys best talent in bluegrass, vince Gill, Ricky Skaggs, Doc Watson, Jerry Douglas, David Grisman, Chris Hillman, and Herb Pedersen contributed to the record
Dan Fogelberg
–
Fogelberg in 1974.
38.
Townes Van Zandt
–
John Townes Van Zandt, best known as Townes Van Zandt, was an American singer songwriter. He is widely regarded for his poetic, often heroically sad songs, in 1983, six years after Emmylou Harris had first popularized it, Willie Nelson and Merle Haggard covered his song Pancho and Lefty, scoring a number one hit on the Billboard country music charts. Much of his life was spent touring various dive bars, often living in cheap motel rooms, for much of the 1970s, he lived in a simple shack without electricity or a phone. He suffered from a series of drug addictions, alcoholism, when he was young, the now discredited insulin shock therapy erased much of his long-term memory. Van Zandt died on New Years Day 1997 from cardiac arrythmia caused by problems stemming from years of substance abuse. The 2000s saw a resurgence of interest in Van Zandt, during the decade, two books, a documentary film titled Be Here to Love Me, and a number of magazine articles about the singer were written. Born in Fort Worth into a family, Townes Van Zandt was a third-great-grandson of Isaac Van Zandt. Van Zandt County in east Texas was named after his family in 1848, Townes parents were Harris Williams Van Zandt and Dorothy Townes. He had two siblings, Bill and Donna, Harris was a corporate lawyer, and his career required the family to move several times during the 1950s and 1960s. In 1952 the family transplanted from Fort Worth to Midland, Texas, for six months before moving to Billings, at Christmas in 1956, Towness father gave him a guitar, which he practiced while wandering the countryside. He would later tell an interviewer that watching Elvis Presleys October 28,1956, I just thought that Elvis had all the money in the world, all the Cadillacs and all the girls, and all he did was play the guitar and sing. That made a big impression on me, in 1958 the family moved to Boulder, Colorado. Van Zandt would remember his time in Colorado fondly and would visit it as an adult. He would later refer to Colorado in My Proud Mountains, Colorado Girl, Townes was a good student and active in team sports. In grade school, he received a high IQ score and his parents began grooming him to become a lawyer or senator, fearing that his family would move again, he willingly decided to attend the Shattuck School, Faribault, Minnesota. He received a score of 1170 when he took the SAT in January 1962 and his family soon moved to Houston, Texas. The University of Colorado at Boulder accepted Van Zandt as a student in 1962, in the spring of his second year, his parents flew to Boulder to bring Townes back to Houston, apparently worried about his binge drinking and episodes of depression. They admitted him to the University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston and he received three months of insulin shock therapy, which erased much of his long-term memory
Townes Van Zandt
–
Van Zandt in the film Heartworn Highways
Townes Van Zandt
–
Townes Van Zandt at Kult, Niederstetten (1995)
39.
George Strait
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George Harvey Strait is an American country music singer, songwriter, actor, and music producer. He is known as the King of Country and is considered one of the most influential, Straits success began when his first single Unwound was a hit in 1981. During the 1980s, seven of his albums reached number one on the country charts. In the 2000s, Strait was named Artist of the Decade by the Academy of Country Music, was elected into the Country Music Hall of Fame, and won his first Grammy award for the album Troubadour. Strait was named CMA Entertainer of the Year in 1989,1990 and 2013 and he has been nominated for more CMA and ACM awards and has more wins in both categories than any other artist. In 2009, he broke Conway Twittys previous record for the most number-one hits on Billboards Hot Country Songs chart when his 45 number one singles surpassed Twittys 40, Strait is also known for his touring career when he designed a 360- degree configuration and introduced festival style tours. For example, the Strait Tours earned $99 million in three years and his concert at AT&T Stadium in Arlington, TX in June 2014 drew 104,793 people, marking a new record for largest indoor concert in North America. Strait was successful innovating country music and in aspects of being a part of popular music. Strait has sold more than 100 million records worldwide, making him one of the music artists of all time. His certifications from the RIAA include 13 multi-platinum,33 platinum and his best-selling album is Pure Country, which sold 6 million. His highest certified album is Strait Out of the Box, which sold 2 million copies, according to the RIAA, Strait is the 12th best-selling album recording artist in the United States overall. George Harvey Strait was born on May 18,1952, in Poteet, Texas, to John Byron Strait, Sr. and Doris Jean Couser. He grew up in nearby Pearsall, in Frio County, where his father was a high school mathematics teacher. The family worked at the ranch on the weekends and in the summers, when George was in the fourth grade, his father and mother were divorced, and his mother moved away with his sister, Pency. George and his brother John, Jr. or Buddy, were raised by their father, Strait began his musical interest while attending Pearsall High School, where he played in a rock and roll garage band. The Beatles were popular when Strait was in high school, the Beatles were big, Strait confirmed. I listened to them a lot and that bunch of groups that were popular then. His musical preference soon turned to country with singers Hank Thompson, Lefty Frizzell, Merle Haggard, George Jones, Bob Wills, Hank Williams, Strait did not tune to the country music radio often as a youth, usually listening to the news and the farmers report
George Strait
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George Strait, 2014
George Strait
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George Strait performing live at the Mariner Arena, Baltimore, Maryland on April 7, 2008
40.
Dallas
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Dallas is a major city in the U. S. state of Texas. It is the most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, the citys population ranks ninth in the U. S. and third in Texas after Houston and San Antonio. The citys prominence arose from its importance as a center for the oil and cotton industries. The bulk of the city is in Dallas County, of which it is the county seat, however, sections of the city are located in Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties. According to the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 1,197,816, the United States Census Bureaus estimate for the citys population increased to 1,300,092 as of July 1,2015. In 2016 DFW ascended to the one spot in the nation in year-over-year population growth. In 2014, the metropolitan economy surpassed Washington, D. C. to become the fifth largest in the U. S. with a 2014 real GDP over $504 billion, as such, the metropolitan areas economy is the 10th largest in the world. As of January 2017, the job count has increased to 3,558,200 jobs. The citys economy is based on banking, commerce, telecommunications, technology, energy, healthcare and medical research. The city is home to the third-largest concentration of Fortune 500 companies in the nation. Located in North Texas, Dallas is the core of the largest metropolitan area in the South. Dallas and nearby Fort Worth were developed due to the construction of railroad lines through the area allowing access to cotton, cattle. Later, France also claimed the area but never established much settlement, the area remained under Spanish rule until 1821, when Mexico declared independence from Spain, and the area was considered part of the Mexican state of Coahuila y Tejas. In 1836, the Republic of Texas, with majority Anglo-American settlers, in 1839, Warren Angus Ferris surveyed the area around present-day Dallas. John Neely Bryan established a permanent settlement near the Trinity River named Dallas in 1841, the origin of the name is uncertain. The Republic of Texas was annexed by the United States in 1845, Dallas was formally incorporated as a city on February 2,1856. With construction of railroads, Dallas became a business and trading center and it became an industrial city, attracting workers from Texas, the South and the Midwest. The Praetorian Building of 15 stories, built in 1909, was the first skyscraper west of the Mississippi and it marked the prominence of Dallas as a city
Dallas
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Top to bottom, left to right:
Downtown Dallas skyline,
Old Red Museum,
NorthPark Center,
Dallas City Hall,
Dallas Museum of Art,
Winspear Opera House,
Perot Museum of Nature and Science,
State Fair of Texas at
Fair Park,
Dallas Union Station, the
Dallas Arboretum and Botanical Garden, and the
American Airlines Center
Dallas
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Elm Street at night, January 1942
Dallas
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President and Mrs.
Kennedy arrive at Dallas, November 22, 1963
Dallas
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Santa Fe Terminal Complex on Commerce St, built in 1924.
41.
Nashville, Tennessee
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Nashville is the capital of the U. S. state of Tennessee and the county seat of Davidson County. It is located on the Cumberland River in the central part of the state. The city is a center for the music, healthcare, publishing, banking and transportation industries and it is known as a center of the country music industry, earning it the nickname Music City, U. S. A. Since 1963, Nashville has had a consolidated city-county government which includes six municipalities in a two-tier system. Nashville is governed by a mayor, vice-mayor, and 40-member Metropolitan Council, thirty-five of the members are elected from single-member districts, five are elected at-large. Reflecting the citys position in government, Nashville is home to the Tennessee Supreme Courts courthouse for Middle Tennessee. According to 2015 estimates from the U. S. Census Bureau, the balance population, which excludes semi-independent municipalities within Nashville, was 654,610. The 2015 population of the entire 13-county Nashville metropolitan area was 1,830,345, the 2015 population of the Nashville-Davidson–Murfreesboro–Columbia combined statistical area, a larger trade area, was 1,951,644. The town of Nashville was founded by James Robertson, John Donelson, and it was named for Francis Nash, the American Revolutionary War hero. Nashville quickly grew because of its location, accessibility as a port on the Cumberland River, a tributary of the Ohio River. By 1800, the city had 345 residents, including 136 African American slaves and 14 free blacks, in 1806, Nashville was incorporated as a city and became the county seat of Davidson County, Tennessee. In 1843, the city was named the permanent capital of the state of Tennessee, by 1860, when the first rumblings of secession began to be heard across the South, antebellum Nashville was a prosperous city. The citys significance as a port made it a desirable prize as a means of controlling important river. In February 1862, Nashville became the first state capital to fall to Union troops, the state was occupied by Union troops for the duration of the war. Within a few years after the Civil War, the Nashville chapter of the Ku Klux Klan was founded by Confederate veteran John W. Morton, meanwhile, the city had reclaimed its important shipping and trading position and developed a solid manufacturing base. The post–Civil War years of the late 19th century brought new prosperity to Nashville and these healthy economic times left the city with a legacy of grand classical-style buildings, which can still be seen around the downtown area. Circa 1950 the state approved a new city charter that provided for the election of city council members from single-member districts. This change was supported because at-large voting diluted the minority populations political power in the city and they could seldom gain a majority of the population to support a candidate of their choice
Nashville, Tennessee
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From top left: 2nd Avenue, Kirkland Hall at
Vanderbilt University, the
Parthenon, the Nashville skyline,
Nissan Stadium,
Dolly Parton performing at the
Grand Ole Opry, and
Ryman Auditorium
Nashville, Tennessee
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Nashville riverfront shortly after the
Civil War
Nashville, Tennessee
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A satellite image of Nashville
Nashville, Tennessee
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Downtown Nashville
42.
Billboard 200
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The Billboard 200 is a record chart ranking the 200 most popular music albums and EPs in the United States, published weekly by Billboard magazine. It is frequently used to convey the popularity of an artist or groups of artists, often, a recording act will be remembered by its number ones, those of their albums that outperformed all others during at least one week. The chart is based mostly on sales of albums in the United States, the weekly sales period was originally Monday to Sunday when Nielsen started tracking sales in 1991, but since July 2015, tracking week begins on Friday and ends on Thursday. A new chart is published the following Tuesday with an issue post-dated to the Saturday of the following week, the charts streaming schedule is also tracked from Friday to Thursday. Example, Friday January 1 – sales tracking week begins Thursday January 7 – sales tracking week ends Tuesday January 12 – new chart published, New product is released to the American market on Fridays. Digital downloads of albums are included in Billboard 200 tabulation. Albums that are not licensed for sale in the United States are not eligible to chart. As of the issue dated April 15,2017, the album on the Billboard 200 is More Life by Drake. Billboard began an album chart in 1945, initially only five positions long, the album chart was not published on a weekly basis, sometimes three to seven weeks passing before it was updated. A biweekly, 15-position Best-Selling Popular Albums chart appeared in 1955, the position count varied anywhere from 10 to 30 albums. The first number-one album on the new weekly list was Belafonte by Harry Belafonte, the chart was renamed to Best-Selling Pop Albums later in 1956, and then to Best-Selling Pop LPs in 1957. Beginning on May 25,1959, Billboard split the ranking into two charts Best-Selling Stereophonic LPs for stereo albums and Best-Selling Monophonic LPs for mono albums and these were renamed to Stereo Action Charts and Mono Action Charts in 1960. In January 1961, they became Action Albums—Stereophonic and Action Albums—Monophonic, three months later, they became Top LPs—Stereo and Top LPs—Monaural. On August 17,1963 the stereo and mono charts were combined into a 150-position chart called Top LPs, on April 1,1967, the chart was expanded to 175 positions, then finally to 200 positions on May 13,1967. In 1960, Billboard began concurrently publishing album charts which ranked sales of older or mid-priced titles and these Essential Inventory charts were divided by stereo and mono albums, and featured titles that had already appeared on the main stereo and mono album charts. In January 1961, the Action Charts became Action Albums—Monophonic, Albums appeared on either chart for up to nine weeks, then were moved to an Essential Inventory list of approximately 200 titles, with no numerical ranking. This list continued to be published until the consolidated Top LPs chart debuted in 1963, in 1982, Billboard began publishing a Midline Albums chart which ranked older or mid-priced titles. The chart held 50 positions and was published on a bi-weekly basis, on May 25,1991, Billboard premiered the Top Pop Catalog Albums chart
Billboard 200
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Contents
43.
If Tomorrow Never Comes
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If Tomorrow Never Comes is a song recorded by American country music artist Garth Brooks. Written by Brooks and Kent Blazy, it was released in August 1989 as the single from his album Garth Brooks and also appears on The Hits, The Limited Series. This was his first #1 single on the Billboard Country Singles chart and it is also sometimes referred to as his signature song. If Tomorrow Never Comes was named Favorite Country Single in the American Music Awards of 1991 and it has subsequently become one of Brooks most popular songs for other artists to perform. The song has been covered by artists, including Ronan Keating. Key, G Major Length,3,37 This is the first country love song released by Brooks, a man lies awake at night, thinking what would happen in his loves mind if he were to die the next day. The first line in the reads, If tomorrow never comes. He goes on to compare this situation with his own lost loved ones, the song begins with a soft guitar solo and gradually builds up to a more orchestrated accompaniment. Brooks has written love songs since. Garth provided the background information on the song in the CD booklet liner notes from The Hits. I ran the idea for this song by what seemed like a thousand writers, on the day that Bob Doyle, my co-manager, introduced me to Kent Blazy, I passed this idea by Kent and he had the first verse down within fifteen seconds. I could tell he just felt it, Kent Blazy is a wonderful man, full of love and energy, and if we never write again, I hope that we are always friends first. Think you Ireland for this moment, throughout the music video for the song, Brooks is seen playing his guitar in a dim room. Next to him is a table with an oil lamp on it. The video constantly cuts to a child, played by the daughter of Steve Gatlin. She is the subject of the song in this case, the use of an antique screen is present through much of the video, which also features Brooks ex-wife, Sandy. If Tomorrow Never Comes, directed by John Lloyd Miller, received the #3 position on the CMT The Greatest,20 Greatest First Videos broadcast. If Tomorrow Never Comes entered the U. S. Billboard Hot Country Singles chart on September 9,1989, If Tomorrow Never Comes served as the first single from Irish singer Ronan Keatings second studio album, Destination
If Tomorrow Never Comes
If Tomorrow Never Comes
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"If Tomorrow Never Comes"
44.
The Dance (Garth Brooks song)
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It is considered by many to be Brooks signature song. In a 2015 interview with Patrick Kielty of BBC Radio 2, key, G Major Length -3,42 The songs music video, directed by John Lloyd Miller, shows several American icons and examples of people who died for a dream. These include archive footage of the following, Lane Frost - World Champion Bull rider, keith Whitley - Country singer who died in 1989 from alcohol poisoning. The Whitley scenes featured his then-wife Lorrie Morgan, martin Luther King, Jr. - Baptist minister who is best known for his involvement in the Civil Rights Movement and was assassinated in 1968. The crew of the Space Shuttle Challenger, shortly before it disintegrated after its launch in 1986, John Fitzgerald Kennedy - President of the United States who was assassinated in 1963. John Wayne - Film actor best known for his roles in Westerns and it was awarded Video of the Year at the 1990 ACM Music Awards. Released near the beginning of his career, The Dance was a big hit single around the world, including the United States, Europe, Ireland, in 1990, it was titled both Song of the Year and Video of the Year by the Academy of Country Music. It was awarded the #14 position in the CMT100 Greatest Songs of Country Music broadcast in 2003, in a 1994 Playboy interview, Brooks said, unless I am totally surprised, The Dance will be the greatest success as a song we will ever do. Ill go to my grave with The Dance, itll probably always be my favorite song. In 2001, after the death of Dale Earnhardt, Brooks was invited to the NASCAR Awards Ceremony that was honoring Earnhardt to play the song as a tribute, the song has been used as several country stations last song before changing formats. It was also the song to be played on UK station Country 1035. On 6 February 2014, The Dance was performed by Brooks on the episode of The Tonight Show with Jay Leno on NBC. Michael Ball recorded it for his 2000 album This Time Its Personal, in 2006, the song was recorded by Westlife and included on their album, The Love Album. Mindy McCready recorded it for her 2010 album, Im Still Here, janelle Arthur during the twelfth season of American Idol. The Dance is the single in the overall discography of American freestyle recording artist Rockell. It is the first single she released from her second album, there was no video made for this single. US CD Single The Dance Lyrics CMTs 100 Greatest Songs of Country Music CMTs The Greatest,100 Greatest Music Videos
The Dance (Garth Brooks song)
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"The Dance"
The Dance (Garth Brooks song)
45.
John Lloyd Miller
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John Lloyd Miller is an American filmmaker who has directed, produced and/or written music videos, short films, features, documentaries, commercials and television programming. Miller has worked in every aspect of the film and television business as a director. He began his career attending the graduate film production program at the University of Southern California. Miller attended USC Film School with such notables as Jay Roach, Greg Beeman, Miller served aboard the USS Nitro as a decorated member of X Division. After the Navy Miller attended Northeastern University in Boston where Miller got his first taste of production by working as an editor and director for the television station. Miller graduated with honors and left for California to attend the MFA program at the University of Southern California. Millers work in music video has won awards, including video of the year awards for Billboard Magazine, MusicRow, ACM Awards, CMA Awards, Cine Golden Eagle. A six time CMA Award nominee, John Lloyd Miller is one of the top ten music video directors of all time. In 1999 Miller collaborated with music star Mark Collie to create what eventually became the critically acclaimed, award winning film. Millers has directed TV shows for HBO, VH1 and many more, as a screenwriter, Miller was contracted to write a series of three feature scripts for Dove Canyon Films. They include, “Saucer” an adaptation of New York Times Bestseller Stephen Coonts novel of the name, “Butterfly Kisses”. Miller is the founder of The AV Squad, his company in Tennessee. Miller is the father of twins, Jack and Ella, and resides primarily in Brentwood, Tennessee. W. Judd, Wives Do It All The Time Cledus T. Judd, Every Light in the House Is Blown Cledus T. T. Oslin, 80s Ladies K. T. & Mrs
John Lloyd Miller
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John Lloyd Miller
46.
Kenny Rogers
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Kenneth Ray Kenny Rogers is an American singer-songwriter, actor, record producer, and entrepreneur. He is a member of the Country Music Hall of Fame, on September 25,2015, Rogers announced on NBCs Today Show that he was retiring from show business after a final tour to spend more time with his wife and twin boys. Two of his albums, The Gambler and Kenny, are featured in the About. com poll of The 200 Most Influential Country Albums Ever and he was voted the Favorite Singer of All-Time in a 1986 joint poll by readers of both USA Today and People. He has received such awards as the AMAs, Grammys, ACMs and CMAs. The first single from the album, I Cant Unlove You, was also a chart hit. Remaining a popular entertainer around the world, the year he completed a tour of the United Kingdom and Ireland. He has also acted in a variety of movies and television shows, most notably the roles in Kenny Rogers as The Gambler. He is also a co-founder of the restaurant chain Kenny Rogers Roasters, kenneth Ray Rogers was born in Houston, Texas, on August 21,1938, the fourth of eight children, born to Lucille Lois, a nurses assistant, and Edward Floyd Rogers, a carpenter. Rogers is of Irish and Native American ancestry and he has five children from four of his five marriages. At his estate in Colbert, Georgia, Rogers keeps a pet goat named Smitty, according to Rogers, the goat has been center, providing a calming influence after long and stressful touring schedules. He had a solo hit in 1958 called That Crazy Feeling. After sales slowed down, Rogers joined a group called The Bobby Doyle Three. The group recorded for Columbia Records and they disbanded in 1965, and a 1966 jazzy rock single Rogers recorded for Mercury Records, called Heres That Rainy Day, failed. Rogers also worked as a producer, writer and session musician for other performers, including country artists Mickey Gilley, in 1966 he joined The New Christy Minstrels as a singer and double bass player. Feeling that the Minstrels were not offering the success they wanted, Rogers and fellow members Mike Settle, Terry Williams and they formed The First Edition in 1967. They were later joined by Kin Vassy, when the First Edition disbanded in 1976, Rogers launched his solo career. He soon developed a more middle-of-the-road sound that sold to both pop and country audiences and he has charted more than 60 top 40 hit singles. Fifty of his albums have charted and his music has also been featured in top selling movie soundtracks, such as Convoy, Urban Cowboy, and The Big Lebowski
Kenny Rogers
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Kenny Rogers, concert, Chumash Casino Resort hall,
Santa Ynez, California, September 27, 2006.
Kenny Rogers
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Rogers performing at the University of Houston in 1981
Kenny Rogers
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Kenny Rogers in 2004
47.
Blue collar
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In English-speaking countries, a blue-collar worker is a working class person who performs non-agricultural manual labour. Often something is physically being built or maintained, in contrast, the white-collar worker typically performs work in an office environment and may involve sitting at a computer or desk. A third type of work is a worker whose labour is related to customer interaction, entertainment. Many occupations blend blue, white or pink industry categorizations, blue-collar work is often paid hourly wage-labor, although some professionals may be paid by the project or salaried. There is a range of payscales for such work depending upon field of specialty. Industrial and manual workers wear durable canvas or cotton clothing that may be soiled during the course of their work. Navy and light blue colors conceal potential dirt or grease on the clothing, helping him or her to appear cleaner. For the same reason, blue is a color for boilersuits which protect a workers clothing. Some blue collar workers have uniforms with the name of the business or the name embroidered or printed on it. Historically the popularity of the color blue among manual labourers contrasts with the popularity of white shirts worn by people in office environments. The blue collar/white collar color scheme has socio-economic class connotations, however, this distinction has become blurred with the increasing importance of skilled labour, and the relative increase in low-paying white-collar jobs. The term blue collar was first used in reference to trades jobs in 1924, Alden, a higher level academic education is often not required for many blue-collar jobs. However, certain fields may require specialized training, licensing or certification as well as a school diploma or GED. With the information revolution, Western nations have moved towards a service, many manufacturing jobs have been offshored to developing nations which pay their workers lower wages. This offshoring has pushed formerly agrarian nations to industrialized economies and concurrently decreased the number of jobs in developed countries. Due to this economic osmosis, the rust belt has experienced high unemployment, poverty, blue-collar can be used as an adjective to describe the environment of the blue-collar worker such as a blue-collar neighborhood, restaurant, or bar
Blue collar
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Welder making boilers for a ship, Combustion Engineering Company. Chattanooga, Tennessee, June 1942. Despite their name, blue-collar workers don't always or typically wear blue shirts.
Blue collar
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U.S. Navy sailors load a cargo container onto a container ship.
48.
Friends in Low Places
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Friends in Low Places is a song performed by American country pop artist Garth Brooks. It was released in August 1990 as the first single from his album No Fences, the song spent four weeks at number one on the Hot Country Songs, and won both the Academy of Country Music and Country Music Association awards for 1990 Single of the Year. Friends in Low Places was written in 1989 by songwriters Dewayne Blackwell, the two songwriters had given the song to Brooks to record as a demo soon before the release of his self-titled first album, when he was a relatively unknown singer. Enamored with the song, Brooks recorded the version the next year. According to Earl Bud Lee, one of the songs co-writers, the idea of the song was born when he and some songwriting friends gathered for one day at Tavern on the Row. When the check came, Lee realized he had forgotten his money and he was asked how he was going to pay for the meal, and he replied, Dont worry. I have friends in low places, Lee and his songwriting partner, Dewayne Blackwell, immediately recognized that the line friends in low places had potential, but they didnt act upon it immediately. Some months later, Lee and Blackwell were at a party and they began to talk about the dormant friends in low places idea, and at that very moment, it all started to come together in a song, Lee said. Because nothing else was available, they wrote the song on paper napkins, when the songwriters polished Friends in Low Places, they contacted Garth Brooks to see if he would record a demo for them. Guitarist Jim Garver would add the name of the bar in the song, The Oasis, after an establishment in his hometown of Concordia, Friends in Low Places is in a moderate tempo and the key of A major. The song begins with arpeggios on the chords A, B♭dim7, Bm7, and Eadd9, the intro was not originally part of the song, but was improvised by session guitarist Mark Casstevens. The author of the intro has been debated since the pattern is seen in many of Blackwells other songs. The chorus uses A-Bm-E twice before ending on an A chord, an electric guitar solo with pedal steel guitar flourishes is played between the first chorus and second verse. Friends in Low Places requires a wide vocal range spanning over two octaves to be sung properly. The song spans from a low note of E2 to a high of F♯4, Lee and Blackwell had met Brooks when he was a shoe salesman in a Nashville store, looking for his big break. The two struck up a conversation with the musician, and upon learning his background, they gave him some work making demos of their songs. They were impressed with his voice and talent, but there wasnt much else they could do for him, the demo of Friends In Low Places was recorded at Windwalker Studios, in Goodlettsville, Tennessee. Musicians on the demo were John Beland on acoustic and electric guitars, along with session aces Steve Turner on drums, frank Green was the recording engineer
Friends in Low Places
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"Friends in Low Places"
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