Gatling gun
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The Gatling gun, also known in Russia as the Gorloff, is a rapid-firing multiple-barrel firearm invented in 1861 by Richard Jordan Gatling of North Carolina. It is an early machine gun and a forerunne
1876 Gatling gun kept at Fort Laramie National Historic Site
Mitrailleuse Gatling modèle APX 1895
A British 1865 Gatling gun at Firepower – The Royal Artillery Museum
Patent drawing for R. J. Gatling's "battery gun", 9 May 1865
Maxim gun
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The Maxim gun is a recoil-operated machine gun invented in 1884 by Hiram Stevens Maxim. It was the first fully automatic machine gun in the world.
Gatling gun
…Although the first Gatling gun was capable of firing continuously, it required a person to crank it and so it was not a true automatic weapon. The Maxim gun, invented and patented in 1883, was the first true fully-automatic weapon making use of the fired projectile's recoil force to reload the weapon…
Maxim machine gun at Georgian National Museum.
Air-cooled, Extra Light Maxim M1895.
Illustration of the Maxim Gun in Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary, 1905
A large-bore Maxim on the USS Vixen c. 1898