A gaucho or gaúcho is a skilled horseman, reputed to be brave and unruly. The figure of the gaucho is a folk symbol mainly in Argentina and Uruguay but also in Paraguay, southern Brazil, southern Boli
Gaucho from Argentina, photographed in Peru, 1868
Monument to the Gaucho, Montevideo, Uruguay
The earliest depiction of a Uruguayan gaucho (Emeric Essex Vidal, Picturesque Illustrations of Buenos Ayres and Monte Video, 1820)
Spanish official Félix de Azara, by Goya
Mestizo is a term primarily used to denote people of mixed Spanish and Amerindian descent in Hispanic America. In certain regions of the continent, it may also refer to anyone who is culturally Hispan
Gaucho
…gauchos, they were celebrated by South American writers. According to the Diccionario de la lengua española, in its historical sense a gaucho was a "mestizo who, in the 18th and 19th centuries, inhabited Argentina, Uruguay, and Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil, and was a migratory horseman, and adept in cattle…
A casta painting of a Spanish man and an Indigenous Mexican woman with their Mestizo child, c. 1763
A casta painting by Miguel Cabrera. Here he shows a Spanish (español) father, Mestiza (mixed Spanish–American Indian) mother, and their Castiza daughter.
Luis de Mena, Virgin of Guadalupe and castas, 1750. The top left grouping is of an indio and an española, with their Mestizo son. This is the only known casta painting with an indio man and española woman.
Casta painting showing 16 hierarchically arranged, mixed-race groupings. The top left grouping uses cholo as a synonym for mestizo. Ignacio Maria Barreda, 1777. Real Academia Española de la Lengua, Madrid.