Gematria is the practice of assigning a numerical value to a name, word or phrase by reading it as a number, or sometimes by using an alphanumerical cipher. The letters of the alphabets involved have standard numerical values, but a word can yield several values if a cipher is used.
Table of correspondences from Carl Faulmann's Das Buch der Schrift (1880), showing glyph variants for Phoenician letters and numbers
The Agrippa Cipher, pg. 143 of De Occulta Philosophia 1533
The Agrippa Cipher, pg. 143 of De Occulta Philosophia 1533
The system of Hebrew numerals is a quasi-decimal alphabetic numeral system using the letters of the Hebrew alphabet.
The system was adapted from that of the Greek numerals sometime between 200 and 78 BCE, the latter being the date of the earliest archeological evidence.
The lower clock on the Jewish Town Hall building in Prague, with Hebrew numerals in counterclockwise order
Early 20th century pocket watches with Hebrew numerals in clockwise order (Jewish Museum, Berlin)
A tombstone from 1935 in Baiersdorf, Germany, reading: נפטר ביום כׄ אייר ונקבר ביום כׄגׄ אייר שנת תׄרׄצׄהׄ לפׄק In English: Passed away on day 20 Iyar And buried on day 23 Iyar Year 695 without the thousands [i.e. year 5695] Note the dots above each letter in each number.
