1.
Reeves Field
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Reeves Field, also known as Reeves Stadium is a football stadium located on the campus of Geneva College in Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania, United States. It was named in honor of local banker John T. Reeves, constructed in 1925, Reeves Field is one of the oldest sports venues in Pennsylvania. The current seating capacity is 5,500, the stadium hosts the Geneva College Golden Tornadoes and the local high school football team, the Beaver Falls Tigers. Notable football players who played at Reeves include Joe Namath and Cal Hubbard, the stadium has also hosted the Victory Bowl twice at Geneva, which is a championship football game for the NCCAA. The first game was in 2003 when Geneva defeated North Greenville College and this became Malones first win in the Victory Bowl. It was also Genevas first loss, having won the championship in 1998,1999,2002, in the fall of 2007, the Golden Tornadoes played their first season as part of the Presidents Athletic Conference at Reeves. Between 2006-2008, Reeves Field was rebuilt, but in several stages, in 2006, a new scoreboard was placed on the embankment below Northwood Hall. The embankment was also redone in order to clear away old brush, a permanent wall was also placed below the embankment to prevent landslides from going onto the field. On August 21,2007, during the renovation, the wall collapsed onto the end of the field. It took several weeks to clean up the field after the mudslide, by 2007, the grass was replaced by turf, and new stands were placed on the visitors side of the field. Between December 2007 and September 2008, the largest phase of the project was underway to demolish the old brick wall along old Route 18, by early spring of 2008, the highway was realigned to allow more growth for the campus. A new wall with a fence was built to replace the old wall. The new wall covers more than half of what used to be old Route 18, new bleachers were also in place on the home side by the time the Golden Tornadoes played their home opener against Seton Hill University. Restoration work on the stadium was completed in October 2008. Web camera of Reeves Field Golden Tornadoes page from college website
2.
FieldTurf
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FieldTurf is a brand of artificial turf playing surface. It is manufactured and installed by FieldTurf Tarkett, a division of French company Tarkett Inc. headquartered in Calhoun, Georgia, in the late 1990s, the artificial surface changed the industry with a design intended to replicate real grass. The new system quickly began taking market share from AstroTurf, and is now the leader in the industry, the surface is composed of monofilament polyethylene blend fibers tufted into a polypropylene backing. The infill is composed of a layer of silica sand, a middle layer which is a mixture of sand and cryogenic rubber. The fibers are meant to replicate blades of grass, while the acts as a cushion. This cushion is intended to improve safety when compared to earlier artificial surfaces and allows players to plant, each square foot of turf contains approximately 3 kg of sand and 1.5 kg of cryogenic rubber. FieldTurf does not use shock absorbency pads below its infill, the backing of the turf is a combination of woven and non-woven polypropylene. These materials are permeable and allow water to drain through the backing itself, jean Prévost bought the patent of the FieldTurf product in 1988 and originally named his Montreal-based company SynTenni Co. a name which would eventually be dropped in favor of FieldTurf Inc. In 1995, John Gilman, a former Canadian Football League player and coach, in 1997, FieldTurf made its first major installation for a professional team, at the training facility for the English Premierships Middlesbrough F. C. As of 2012, FieldTurf has installed over 7000 athletic fields, in 2005, French flooring manufacturer and minority shareholder Tarkett increased its share in FieldTurf, which led to the integration of the two companies. FieldTurf is now a part of the Tarkett Sports division, part of the holding company Tarkett SA, the FieldTurf head corporate office is located in Calhoun, Georgia. In May 2010, FieldTurf acquired EasyTurf of San Diego, California, by late 2016, press reports were describing the companys product as defective. A number of agencies in New Jersey had joined together to file a lawsuit against the firm. The suits allege that the DuraSpine product it sold was inferior, internal company documents showed the company knew its sales claims were false. There is evidence showing higher player injury on artificial turf, in a study performed by the National Football League Injury and Safety Panel, published in the October 2012 issue of the American Journal of Sports Medicine, Elliott B. Hershman et al. reviewed injury data from NFL games played between 2000 and 2009. the injury rate of knee sprains as a whole was 22% higher on FieldTurf than on natural grass. While MCL sprains did not occur at a significantly higher than on grass. There are conflicting studies of the safety of FieldTurf, a five-year study funded by FieldTurf and published in the American Journal of Sports Medicine found that injury rates for high school sports were similar on natural grass and synthetic turf
3.
Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania
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Beaver Falls is a city in Beaver County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 8,987 at the 2010 census and it is located 31 miles northwest of Pittsburgh, and on the Beaver River, six miles from its confluence with the Ohio River. Originally called Brighton, Beaver Falls was chartered as a borough in 1868 and it adopted the commission form of government in 1913. In the 1870s, Beaver Falls was home to a Chinatown and had as many as 200 Chinese residents, travellers would often stop in Beaver Falls while transversing Western Pennsylvania, since there were many modes of transportation through the area. The city was linked to Ellwood City in 1914 by the Pittsburgh, Harmony, Butler and New Castle Railway. The line closed on 15 June 1931, the city is best known in fiction as the setting of the television situation comedy Mr. Belvedere. On May 31,1985, an F3 tornado hit just north of the city as it went across northern portions of Beaver County, Geneva College is located in the College Hill neighborhood on the north side of the city. The worlds first recorded college basketball game occurred in the city on April 8,1893 when the team from Geneva College defeated the New Brighton YMCA. The population declined nearly 50% between 1940 and 2000, which is attributed mostly to its location in the Rust Belt. Several manufacturing plants provided significant employment for residents in the twentieth century, like most rust belt cities, Beaver Falls has suffered a fair amount of economic malaise due to the decline in the steel-making capacity in the region. Beaver Falls is located at 40°45′32″N 80°19′11″W, according to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.3 square miles, of which 2.1 square miles is land and 0.2 square miles is water. As of the 2010 census, the city was 75. 3% White,19. 3% Black or African American,0. 2% Native American,0. 4% Asian,1. 2% of the population was of Hispanic or Latino ancestry. As of the census of 2000, there were 9,920 people,3,798 households, the population density was 4,681.6 people per square mile. There are 4,380 housing units at a density of 2,067.1 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 78. 82% White,17. 53% African American,0. 13% Native American,0. 62% Asian,0. 02% Pacific Islander,0. 50% from other races, and 2. 37% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1. 06% of the population,35. 3% of all households were made up of individuals and 16. 7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the family size was 3.00. In the city, the population was out with 21. 9% under the age of 18,16. 7% from 18 to 24,25. 1% from 25 to 44,18. 8% from 45 to 64
4.
NCAA Division III
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Sports Division III is a division of the National Collegiate Athletic Association of the United States. The division consists of colleges and universities that choose not to offer athletically related financial aid to their student-athletes, as explained in more detail in the article about NCAA Division II, the NCAAs first split was into two divisions. The former College Division formed because many NCAA member schools wanted an alternative to the nature of what is now Division I. Division III formed in 1973, in a split of the College Division, the former College Division members that chose to offer athletic scholarships or to remain in a division with those who did became Division II, while members that did not became Division III. Division III is the NCAA’s largest division with 438 active member institutions, of the member institutions, 81% are private, while only 19% are public. Division III schools range in size from an undergraduate enrollment of 348 to a maximum of 21,247. Division III institutions have to sponsor at least five sports for men and five for women, there are minimum contest and participant minimums for each sport. Division III athletic programs are non-revenue-generating, extracurricular programs that are staffed and funded like any other university department, hence, they feature student-athletes who receive no financial aid related to their athletic ability. Student athletes also cannot redshirt as freshmen, and schools may not use endowments or funds whose primary purpose is to benefit athletic programs, Division III schools shall not award financial aid to any student on the basis of athletics leadership, ability, participation or performance. The ban on scholarships is strictly enforced. S, an all-sports conference is defined here as one that sponsors both mens and womens basketball. A conference name followed by * denotes a conference also sponsors football. Six of them are grandfathered schools that have competed at the highest level of a particular mens sport prior to the institution of the Division classifications in 1971. Presumably due to Title IX considerations, grandfathered schools are allowed to field one womens sport in Division I. These schools are allowed to offer scholarships in their Division I mens and womens sports to remain competitive with their opponents. The State University of New York at Oneonta, which had been grandfathered in mens soccer, rutgers University–Newark, which had been grandfathered in mens volleyball, did the same in 2014. Academic-based and need-based financial aid is available, as is the case for Division III. Franklin and Marshall College Hobart College Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT also fields mens rowing, lawrence continues to field a fencing team, but that team is now considered Division III. Football and basketball may not be grandfathered Division I programs because their potential would give them an unfair advantage over other Division III schools
5.
National Collegiate Athletic Association
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The National Collegiate Athletic Association is a non-profit association which regulates athletes of 1,281 institutions, conferences, organizations, and individuals. It also organizes the programs of many colleges and universities in the United States and Canada. The organization is headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana, in 2014, the NCAA generated almost a billion dollars in revenue. 80 to 90% of this revenue was due to the Division I Mens Basketball Tournament and this revenue is then distributed back into various organizations and institutions across the United States. In August 1973, the current three-division setup of Division I, Division II, under NCAA rules, Division I and Division II schools can offer scholarships to athletes for playing a sport. Division III schools may not offer any athletic scholarships, generally, larger schools compete in Division I and smaller schools in II and III. Division I football was divided into I-A and I-AA in 1978. Subsequently, the term Division I-AAA was briefly added to delineate Division I schools which do not field a football program at all, in 2006, Divisions I-A and I-AA were respectively renamed the Football Bowl Subdivision and Football Championship Subdivision. Inter-collegiate sports began in the US in 1852 when crews from Harvard University, as other sports emerged, notably football and basketball, many of these same concepts and standards were adopted. Football, in particular, began to emerge as a marquee sport, the IAAUS was officially established on March 31,1906, and took its present name, the NCAA, in 1910. For several years, the NCAA was a group and rules-making body, but in 1921, the first NCAA national championship was conducted. Gradually, more rules committees were formed and more championships were created, a series of crises brought the NCAA to a crossroads after World War II. The Sanity Code – adopted to establish guidelines for recruiting and financial aid – failed to curb abuses, postseason football games were multiplying with little control, and member schools were increasingly concerned about how the new medium of television would affect football attendance. The complexity of problems and the growth in membership and championships demonstrated the need for full-time professional leadership. Walter Byers, previously an executive assistant, was named executive director in 1951. Byers wasted no time placing his stamp on the Association, as college athletics grew, the scope of the nations athletics programs diverged, forcing the NCAA to create a structure that recognized varying levels of emphasis. In 1973, the Associations membership was divided into three legislative and competitive divisions – I, II, and III, five years later in 1978, Division I members voted to create subdivisions I-A and I-AA in football. Until the 1980s, the association did not offer womens athletics, instead, the Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women, with nearly 1000 member schools, governed womens collegiate sports in the United States
6.
National Christian College Athletic Association
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The national headquarters is located in Greenville, South Carolina. The NCCAA was formed in 1968, for the 2013-2014, the NCCAA lists 111 members,69 of which participate in Division I and 42 in Division II. Many teams in the NCCAA are also in other associations, including NCAA, NAIA. The associations sports for men are baseball, basketball, cross country, football, golf, soccer, tennis, womens sports are basketball, cross country, golf, soccer, softball, tennis, track and field, and volleyball. The NCCAA has discontinued mens volleyball and wrestling, the Victory Bowl is the organizations football bowl game between NCCAA teams that did not qualify for either NCAA or NAIA playoffs. List of NCCAA institutions List of NCCAA mens basketball champions Official website
7.
Presidents' Athletic Conference
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The Presidents Athletic Conference is an athletic conference which competes in the NCAAs Division III. Of its 10 member schools, all private, liberal arts institutions of higher learning, one member is in the Northern Panhandle of West Virginia, an area adjoining and historically tied to Western Pennsylvania, and the other is on the Kentucky side of the Cincinnati metropolitan area. The PAC was founded in 1955 by the presidents of Western Reserve University, Case Institute of Technology, John Carroll University, unlike other conferences at that time, the PAC was designed to be controlled by the presidents of the institutions rather than the athletic directors. Member institutions were to admit athletes on the academic standards as other students. By 1958, the PAC expanded east to include Allegheny College, Bethany College, Thiel College, some former PAC member institutions include Alfred University, Carnegie Mellon University, Eastern Michigan University and Hiram College. The headquarters is located in Wexford, Pennsylvania,1958 The PAC adds four additional members - Allegheny College in Meadville, Pa. Thiel College in Greenville, Pa. and Washington & Jefferson College in Washington,1962 The PAC accepted the University of Ypsilanti as its ninth member. 1966 Wayne State and Eastern Michigan withdrew from the PAC following the 1966–67 academic year,1967 Case Institute of Technology and Western Reserve University federated into a new institution known as Case Western Reserve University. The undergraduate student bodies remained separate, however, and both Case Tech and Adelbert College continued to separate teams. 1968 Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh is accepted into the PAC.1970 Case Western Reserve University begins to compete as one program, no longer fielding teams as Case Tech and Adelbert. 1972 Hiram College in Hiram, Ohio is accepted into the PAC.1983 Allegheny College,1984 Grove City College in Grove City, Pa. is accepted into the PAC. 1984–85 The PAC sponsors womens athletic championships for the first time,2011 Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh and Case Western Reserve in Cleveland are both admitted to the PAC as affiliate members in the sport of football beginning in the 2014–15 academic year. The PAC currently has two members, both of which play only football in the league. The 2014 season was the first for both schools, notes Media related to Presidents Athletic Conference at Wikimedia Commons Official website
8.
National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics
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The NAIA began accepting members from Canada in 1972, which made it the only international intercollegiate athletic association in North America until 2009. Today there are three Canadian members, as of July 1,2016, the NAIA reports having 246 member institutions. The NAIA, whose headquarters is in Kansas City, Missouri, the CBS Sports Network, formerly called CSTV, serves as the national media outlet for the NAIA. In 2014, ESPNU began carrying the NAIA National Football Championship, the goal of the tournament was to establish a forum for small colleges and universities to determine a national basketball champion. The original eight-team tournament expanded to 32 teams in 1938, on March 10,1940, the National Association for Intercollegiate Basketball was formed in Kansas City, Missouri. In 1952, the NAIB was transformed into the NAIA, and with that came the sponsorship of sports such as mens golf, tennis and outdoor track. Football in the NAIA was split into two divisions in 1970, based on enrollment, it was consolidated back into a division in 1997. In 1948, the NAIB became the first national organization to open their intercollegiate postseason to black student-athletes and that same year, Indiana State coach John Wooden, later to become a coaching legend at UCLA, brought the first African-American student athlete to play at the national tournament. In 1957, Tennessee A&I became the first historically black institution to win a basketball national championship. The National Junior College Athletic Association had established a division in the spring of 1975. In 1997, Liz Heaston became the first female athlete to play. Launched in 2000 by the NAIA, the Champions of Character program promotes character, membership- The NAIA was the first association to admit colleges and universities from outside the United States. The NAIA began admitting Canadian members in 1999, football- The NAIA was the first association to send a football team to Europe to play. In the summer of 1976, the NAIA sent Henderson State and Texas A&I to play 5 exhibition games in West Berlin, Vienna, Nuremberg, Mannheim, the NAIA sponsors 14 sports in which it conducts 25 annual championships. The NAIA recognizes three levels of competitions, emerging, invitational, and championship, the association conducts, or has conducted in the past, championship tournaments in the following sports. The tournament was the brainchild of Dr. James Naismith, creator of the game of basketball, Emil Liston, athletic director at Baker University, the event began in 1937 with the inaugural tournament at Municipal Auditorium in Kansas City, MO. The 2012 mens championship marked the 75th edition of what has been tabbed College Basketball’s Toughest Tournament, Basketball is currently the only NAIA sport in which the organizations member institutions are aligned into divisions. The NAIA has 21 member conferences, including 9 that sponsor football, Athletic Trainer of the Year Presented to the NAIA-ATA member Athletic Trainer who has provided substantial service to student-athletes, the association or the member institution
9.
Westminster College (Pennsylvania)
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Westminster College is a liberal arts college located in New Wilmington, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded in 1852, it is affiliated with the Presbyterian Church, the student population is approximately 1,307 undergraduate and graduate students. Westminster is located in New Wilmington, Pennsylvania, a town of 2,466 residents located 50 miles north of Pittsburgh and 80 miles south of Erie, Westminster formed as a result of a meeting on Jan. 21,1852, between the Ohio and Shenango Presbyteries, in 2009, The Washington Monthly ranked Westminster College third in social mobility among 253 liberal arts colleges. In 2010, Forbes ranked Westminster first in the nation as the Best College for Women in Science, Technology, Engineering and Math. In 2008 36% Westminsters graduating class received their degrees in the fields of science, technology, engineering and math --and unusually, the student population is 1,307 undergraduate and graduate students. The college offers 40 majors and nearly 100 organizations, the Westminster Titans compete in NCAA Division III athletics. Before moving to the NCAA, Westminster competed in the NAIA for many years, for a brief period, Westminster was a member of the NCAA Division II Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference. The Titans currently are a member of the Presidents Athletic Conference, the first official football game by the Westminster Titans was in December 1891. The next year was the first official season, they played 4 games that year, over the next 100 plus years the Titans have had a record of 577–406–54. They are one of only 10 schools to record over 575 wins in school history and they have won the national championship 6 times with 11 undefeated seasons. Four former Titans football players have been enshrined in the College Football Hall of Fame, Harold Davis, Joe Fusco, Larry Pugh, Hall of Fame head coach Tuss McLaughry was not an alumnus but did coach the Titans for four years. The current head coach of the Titans is Scott Benzel. Westminster has two publications and three student publications. The student publications include The Holcad, a weekly newspaper, Argo, the student-run yearbook, and Scrawl. Westminsters radio station, Titan Radio serves Lawrence County, Pennsylvania, the station streams online on titanradio. net and features a hot adult contemporary format. The station is programmed and managed by students for the campus, Titan Radio broadcasts home football games for Wilmington Area High School during the regular season. The station also broadcasts regular season games for the Westminster Titans live on the air
10.
Waynesburg University
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Waynesburg University is a private university located in Waynesburg, Pennsylvania. The university offers graduate and undergraduate programs in more than 70 academic concentrations, Waynesburg University was founded in 1849 by the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, and is a member of the Council for Christian Colleges and Universities. Hanna Hall and Miller Hall are listed on the National Register of Historic Places, Waynesburg University is built around 4 spacious parks owned by the town of Waynesburg. Fountain Park is directly in front of Hannah and Miller Hall, Statue park features a statue dedicated to the lives lost in the Civil War. The combined area of the parks is approximately 15 acres, built in February 2010, the fitness center is 2 stories. The first floor houses weight lifting and locker rooms, the second floor features cardio workouts. Both floors have flat screen TVs and the machines come equipped with built in radio tuners. Waynesburg University is home to ten campus residence halls, seven women, Martin and Thayer Hall are home to most of the men on campus. They both are double occupancy halls on the Eastern side of campus, Martin Hall is closer to downtown Waynesburg while Thayer Hall is located next to Buhl Hall and the Eberly Library. Willison is the mens hall, apartment style, it is mostly a double occupancy hall. Willison is six stories tall and is the newest building on campus and it is on Franklin street and is adjacent to the armory. Denny Hall is attached to the Benedum dining hall on the West side of campus, like Thayer it has built in desks and it is one of three underclassmen womens halls. Across the parking lot overlooking the chapel is Burns hall and on the side of the chapel is the single story Ray Hall. The four upperclass women halls are West, South, East, West, South, and East sit above the Stover campus center and the Eberly Library in a small plaza. Pollock is located right between Buhl Hall, one of the buildings, and Thayer Hall. Of all the halls only South, West, East, Pollock and they are all the same floor layout with two sleeping areas, a bathroom with a shower, and a living area with a provided futon. South, West, and East also have bay windows, the Yellow Jacket is the student newspaper for Waynesburg University. The newspaper is produced entirely by Waynesburg University students and is incorporated into many classes within the universitys Department of Communication
11.
Grove City College
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Grove City College is a Christian liberal arts college in Grove City, Pennsylvania, about 50 miles north of Pittsburgh. According to the College Bulletin, its stated mission is to provide an excellent education at an affordable price in a thoroughly Christian environment. Former College president Richard Jewell has said, The two tenets that this school is most about are faith and freedom, the school emphasizes a humanities core curriculum, which endorses the Judeo-Christian Western tradition and the free market. Founded in 1876 by Isaac C, Ketler, the school was originally chartered as Pine Grove Normal Academy. It had twenty-six students in its first year, in 1884, the trustees of Pine Grove Normal Academy in Grove City amended the academy charter to change the name to Grove City College. By charter, the doors of the College were open to qualified students without regard to religious test or belief, the founders of Grove City College, consciously avoiding narrow sectarianism, held a vision of Christian society transcending denomination, creeds, and confessions. Isaac Ketler was a devout Presbyterian who served as president until 1913 and this was a span of 37 years altogether and occurred during a very formative period for the school. Grove City was heavily supported by Joseph Newton Pew, founder of the Sun Oil Company, Pew was one of Ketlers grade-school teachers and a lifelong mentor and friend of the educator. Pew, like Ketler a devout Presbyterian and strong believer in the importance of good education, Pew and Ketlers influence continued with their sons, Weir C. During the summer of 1925, J. Gresham Machen gave the lectures that formed the basis of his book, John Howard Pew graduated from the college in 1900 and, like his father, became trustee-board president. J. Howard Pew continued his fathers legacy, a Presbyterian and a conservative, J. Howard Pew insisted that the college operate only on what it received in tuition and fees. As World War II began, Grove City College was one of six selected by the United States Navy to participate in the highly unusual Electronics Training Program. Starting March 1942, each month a new group of 100 Navy, ETP admission required passing the Eddy Test, one of the most selective qualifying exams given during the war years. Professor Russell P. Smith was the programs Director of Instruction, by the fall of 1943, there were only 81 civilian men in the student body, thus, the presence of 300 or so servicemen contributed greatly in sustaining the College. This training at Grove City continued until April 1945, library records show there were 49 classes graduating 3,759 persons. Under President Dr. Charles S. MacKenzie, the college was the plaintiff-appellee in the landmark U. S. Supreme Court case in 1984, Grove City College v. Bell. The ruling came seven years after the refusal to sign a Title IX compliance form. In 1988, new legislation subjected every department of any institution that received federal funding to Title IX requirements
12.
Geneva College
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Geneva College is a Christian liberal arts college in Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania, United States, north of Pittsburgh. It is the undergraduate institution affiliated with the Reformed Presbyterian Church of North America. In 1967, the board of trustees adopted the Foundational Concepts of Christian Education, the colleges undergraduate core curriculum emphasizes the humanities and the formation of a Reformed Christian worldview. Geneva College was founded in 1848 in Northwood, Ohio, by John Black Johnston, the college was founded as Geneva Hall, and was named after the Swiss center of the Reformed faith movement. After briefly closing during the American Civil War, the college continued operating in Northwood until 1880, by that time, the college leadership had begun a search for alternate locations that were closer to urban areas. After considering several locations in the Midwest, the denomination chose the College Hill neighborhood of Beaver Falls, the college constructed its current campus on land donated by the Harmony Society. Old Main, the oldest building on campus, was completed in 1881, the Rapp Technical Design Center was completed in 2002. A major project to reroute Pennsylvania Route 18, which runs through the campus, was completed in November 2007, improvements to Reeves Stadium and the construction of a campus entrance and pedestrian mall were completed in time for the fall semester in 2009. Both Boards drafted the philosophical basis on which the college rests, Geneva offers undergraduate degree programs in the arts and sciences, such as elementary education, business, engineering, student ministry, biology, and psychology. In 2006, the Educational Testing Service rated the Business and Accounting undergraduates in the 95th percentile amongst American colleges, Geneva offers a Degree Completion Program for degrees in Human Resource Management, Community Ministry or Organizational Development for adult students mainly at off-campus locations. Geneva also established the Center for Urban Theological Studies in Philadelphia and has sister colleges in Taiwan, Geneva also offers graduates studies in several fields. Geneva established the Center for Technology Development in 1986 for providing research, prototyping and technical support to local industries, the Center was awarded first prize in the Consolidated Natural Gas Company’s Annual Award of Excellence competition in 1990. Geneva College is an institution of the Council for Christian Colleges and Universities, Council of Independent Colleges. Genevas sports teams are called the Golden Tornadoes, the college is a dual member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association Division III and National Christian College Athletic Association Division I. The Golden Tornadoes compete as a member of the Presidents Athletic Conference, Geneva was a member of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics for many years, and competed in the now-defunct American Mideast Conference. The school offers a range of mens and womens varsity sports, including football, baseball, softball, basketball, volleyball, track & field, cross country, tennis, see List of Geneva Golden Tornadoes head football coaches Football competition began in 1890 under head coach William McCracken. Over the years, the team has amassed an all-time record of 496 wins,437 losses. The current football coach is Geno DeMarco, students must attend a designated number of weekly college-sponsored chapels to qualify for graduation
13.
College football
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It was through college football play that American football rules first gained popularity in the United States. No minor league farm organizations exist in American football and it is in college football where a players performance directly impacts his chances of playing professional football. The best collegiate players will declare for the professional draft after 3 to 4 years of collegiate competition. Those not selected can still attempt to land an NFL roster spot as a free agent. Even after the emergence of the professional National Football League, college football remained extremely popular throughout the U. S, in many cases, college stadiums employ bench-style seating, as opposed to individual seats with backs and arm rests. This allows them to more fans in a given amount of space than the typical professional stadium. College athletes, unlike players in the NFL, are not permitted by the NCAA to be paid salaries, colleges are only allowed to provide non-monetary compensation such as athletic scholarships that provide for tuition, housing, and books. Modern North American football has its origins in various games, all known as football, by the 1840s, students at Rugby School were playing a game in which players were able to pick up the ball and run with it, a sport later known as Rugby football. The game was taken to Canada by British soldiers stationed there and was soon being played at Canadian colleges, the first documented gridiron football match was a game played at University College, a college of the University of Toronto, November 9,1861. One of the participants in the game involving University of Toronto students was William Mulock, a football club was formed at the university soon afterward, although its rules of play at this stage are unclear. In 1864, at Trinity College, also a college of the University of Toronto, F. Barlow Cumberland, modern Canadian football is widely regarded as having originated with a game played in Montreal, in 1865, when British Army officers played local civilians. The game gradually gained a following, and the Montreal Football Club was formed in 1868, early games appear to have had much in common with the traditional mob football played in England. The games remained largely unorganized until the 19th century, when games of football began to be played on college campuses. Each school played its own variety of football, Princeton University students played a game called ballown as early as 1820. A Harvard tradition known as Bloody Monday began in 1827, which consisted of a mass ballgame between the freshman and sophomore classes, in 1860, both the town police and the college authorities agreed the Bloody Monday had to go. The Harvard students responded by going into mourning for a figure called Football Fightum. The authorities held firm and it was a dozen years before football was again played at Harvard. Dartmouth played its own version called Old division football, the rules of which were first published in 1871, all of these games, and others, shared certain commonalities
14.
American football
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The offense must advance at least ten yards in four downs, or plays, or else they turn over the football to the opposing team, if they succeed, they are given a new set of four downs. Points are primarily scored by advancing the ball into the teams end zone for a touchdown or kicking the ball through the opponents goalposts for a field goal. The team with the most points at the end of a game wins, American football evolved in the United States, originating from the sports of association football and rugby football. The first game of American football was played on November 6,1869, during the latter half of the 1870s, colleges playing association football switched to the Rugby Union code, which allowed carrying the ball. American football as a whole is the most popular sport in the United States, Professional football and college football are the most popular forms of the game, with the other major levels being high school and youth football. As of 2012, nearly 1.1 million high school athletes and 70,000 college athletes play the sport in the United States annually, almost all of them men, in the United States, American football is referred to as football. The term football was established in the rulebook for the 1876 college football season. The terms gridiron or American football are favored in English-speaking countries where other codes of football are popular, such as the United Kingdom, Ireland, New Zealand, American football evolved from the sports of association football and rugby football. What is considered to be the first American football game was played on November 6,1869 between Rutgers and Princeton, two college teams, the game was played between two teams of 25 players each and used a round ball that could not be picked up or carried. It could, however, be kicked or batted with the feet, hands, head or sides, Rutgers won the game 6 goals to 4. Collegiate play continued for years in which matches were played using the rules of the host school. Representatives of Yale, Columbia, Princeton and Rutgers met on October 19,1873 to create a set of rules for all schools to adhere to. Teams were set at 20 players each, and fields of 400 by 250 feet were specified, Harvard abstained from the conference, as they favored a rugby-style game that allowed running with the ball. An 1875 Harvard-Yale game played under rugby-style rules was observed by two impressed Princeton athletes and these players introduced the sport to Princeton, a feat the Professional Football Researchers Association compared to selling refrigerators to Eskimos. Princeton, Harvard, Yale and Columbia then agreed to play using a form of rugby union rules with a modified scoring system. These schools formed the Intercollegiate Football Association, although Yale did not join until 1879, the introduction of the snap resulted in unexpected consequences. Prior to the snap, the strategy had been to punt if a scrum resulted in bad field position, however, a group of Princeton players realized that, as the snap was uncontested, they now could hold the ball indefinitely to prevent their opponent from scoring. In 1881, both teams in a game between Yale-Princeton used this strategy to maintain their undefeated records, each team held the ball, gaining no ground, for an entire half, resulting in a 0-0 tie
15.
Cal Hubbard
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Robert Calvin Hubbard was a professional American football player and Major League Baseball umpire. Hubbard is credited as being one of the inventors of the position of linebacker. He was also an umpire in the American League from 1936 to 1951, george Halas affectionately called Hubbard the Big Umpire. To date Hubbard is the person to be enshrined in both the Pro Football Hall of Fame and the Baseball Hall of Fame. He is also a member of the College Football Hall of Fame, Cal Hubbard was born in Keytesville, Missouri to parents Robert P. and Sarah Sallie Hubbard. He grew up in modest means as the son of a family farmer. Cal graduated from Keytesville High School, but because the school had no team he also attended one year at Glasgow High School in nearby Glasgow, Missouri. Already tall and weighing 200 pounds as a 14-year-old, Hubbard displayed natural athletic gifts and he aspired to attend the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, however a physical discovered he had flat feet, eliminating him from eligibility. From an early age Hubbard was involved with sports and he umpired pickup baseball games at the age of 18. Hubbard chose to attend a college or university that offered football, selecting Chillicothe Business College in Chillicothe, Missouri while also continuing to work around his family farm. A chance meeting in 1922 with Bo McMillin, the new coach at Centenary College in Shreveport, Louisiana, led Hubbard to enroll. Hubbard was the schools first All-American, georgia Tech coach Bill Alexander once watched Centenary when it was in town to play Oglethorpe. Bo, this Oglethorpe bunch has fast backs, but the line is light, if you turn that Hubbard loose, he might kill some of them. Have Cal hurt his knee, why dont you, and let him sit on the bench, when McMillin moved on to suburban Pittsburghs Geneva College, Hubbard followed him and played there in 1926. Geneva opened the season with an upset of Harvard and he starred as a tackle and end, playing off the 7-man line in a style similar to that of a modern linebacker. Hubbard completed his education in 1927, earning a Bachelor of Arts degree from Geneva College. Hubbard moved on to the National Football League in 1927, signing with the New York Giants for a salary of US$150 per game. Playing alongside Steve Owen his rookie year, he helped the Giants defense allow opponents to score just twenty total points all season as they won the league championship, for his efforts Hubbard won all-league honors by the press the following year
16.
University of Pittsburgh
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The University of Pittsburgh is a state-related research university located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In 1787 after the American Revolutionary War, it was founded on the edge of the American frontier as the Pittsburgh Academy and it developed and was renamed as Western University of Pennsylvania by a change to its charter in 1819. For most of its history, Pitt was a private institution, the university also includes four undergraduate schools located at campuses within Western Pennsylvania, Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville. The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the Schenley Farms Historic District, most notably its 42-story Gothic revival centerpiece, the university has an annual operating budget of approximately $2 billion, which includes nearly $900 million in research and development expenditures. It is the second-largest non-government employer in the Pittsburgh region behind UPMC, Pitt is ranked among the top public universities in the United States in both domestic and international rankings, and has been listed as a best value in higher education by several publications. Pitt students have access to arts programs throughout the campus and city. Pitts varsity athletic teams, collectively known as the Pittsburgh Panthers, compete in Division I of the NCAA, primarily as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference. Founded by Hugh Henry Brackenridge as Pittsburgh Academy in 1787, the University of Pittsburgh is one of the few universities and colleges established in the 18th century in the United States. It is the oldest continuously chartered institution of learning in the U. S. west of the Allegheny Mountains, the school began as a preparatory school, presumably in a log cabin, possibly as early as 1770 in Western Pennsylvania, then a frontier. A brick building was erected in 1790 on the side of Third Street. The small two-story brick building, with a gable facing the alley, within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the schools 1787 charter to confer university status. The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, by the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislatures desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university and it was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon, graduated and later taught at WUP. The universitys buildings, along with most of its records and files, were destroyed in the Great Fire of 1845 that wiped out 20 square blocks of Pittsburgh, classes were temporarily held in Trinity Church until a new building was constructed on Duquesne Way. Only four years later, in 1849, this also was destroyed by fire. Due to the nature of these fires, operations were suspended for a few years to allow the university time to regroup. By 1854, WUP had erected a new building on the corner of Ross and Diamond streets, langley was professor of astronomy and physics and remained at WUP until 1891, when he was succeeded by another prominent astronomer, James Keeler. Growing quickly during this period, WUP outgrew its downtown facilities, the university eventually found itself on a 10-acre site on the North Sides Observatory Hill at the location of its Allegheny Observatory
17.
Washington & Jefferson Presidents football
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The Washington & Jefferson Presidents football team represents Washington & Jefferson College in collegiate level football. The team competes in NCAA Division III and is affiliated with the Presidents Athletic Conference, since its founding in 1890, the team has played their home games at College Field, which was remodeled and renamed Cameron Stadium in 2001. A number of players were named to the College Football All-America Team, the team has been coached by some of the best-known coaches in football history, including John Heisman, Greasy Neale, and Andy Kerr. Founded in 1890, the quickly became well known for drawing large crowds. The faculty and administration expressed concern over the strength of the team, during the 1910s, some sportswriters suggested that the Presidents were one of the top teams in the nation. The greatest achievement in the history was in 1921, when the Presidents appeared in the 1922 Rose Bowl. As college football evolved in the 1930s and 1940s, the Presidents fell far behind their larger competitors, controversy over the poor play of the football team, and a lack of play against larger teams, contributed to the resignation of a college president. In the 1950s the team joined NCAA Division III and the Presidents Athletic Conference, by the 1980s, the team had learned to thrive in that environment, winning a number of conference championships and regularly qualifying for the NCAA Division III playoffs. The football team played its first game on November 1,1890, the Red and Blacks third game of the inaugural season, against College of Wooster, remains disputed to this day, with both schools claiming a victory. By 1894, the communitys interest in the sport had grown considerably, with stronger opponents. A special train from Washington to Pittsburgh was chartered to carry fans, John Brallier, who was the first openly professional football player, played football for Washington & Jefferson College in 1895 before returning to the Greensburg Athletic Association. This incident, and others, caused the faculty to adopt the colleges first eligibility requirements for student athletes, at the same time its activities was becoming more scrutinized, the football team became more successful. But was the September 29,1897, game against the University of Pennsylvania Quakers that marked the birth of football at W&J. The Red and Black lost 18-4 to the national champions. In a game against Denison University on Sept.19,1908, in 1910, the football program was in danger of being dissolved due to crushing debt. The Student Athletic Committee proposed a $1 per term student fee to fund the team, however, team manager and beloved student solicitor Robert M. Murphy, was able to convince the students to accept the fee. However, the Faculty Athletic Committee balked, vetoing the new rules, wells highlighted the growing tension between athletics and academics. As orchestrated by a group of football supporters, the two professors were brought before a faculty committee for not having the requisite support for the athletic programs
18.
University of Mount Union
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The University of Mount Union is a 4-year private, coeducational, liberal arts college in Alliance, Ohio. For more than a century the college has been connected with the Methodist Church. It is now affiliated with the East Ohio, West Ohio, Mount Union has been ranked for 14 consecutive years as a top college in the Midwest and is also ranked as a Best Buy for regional liberal arts colleges in the Midwest. Mount Union has an enrollment of 2,209 undergraduate students, students represent more than 22 states and 13 countries. Mount Union has a base of more than 13,000 graduates located around the world. In approximately 1911, Scio College of Scio, Ohio merged with Mount Union, moving faculty to the Mount Union campus, Mount Union College was renamed the University of Mount Union effective August 1,2010. 85 percent of the faculty at Mount Union have earned a doctoral or terminal degree with graduate training at universities in the United States, Mount Union offers 60 majors and 53 minors of academic coursework in keeping with the liberal arts tradition. Students are encouraged to explore a variety of departments and majors to discover potential talents and interests, through general education course requirements, students are able to familiarize themselves to a variety of majors and minors. Students are also encouraged to meet their academic adviser, to find guidance in deciding what majors and minors are most advantageous. The University also offers programs in pre-health professions, pre-law, nursing. Mount Union offers a master of science in Physician Assistant studies, Doctor of Physical Therapy, Mount Union school colors are purple and white and competes in the Ohio Athletic Conference and in NCAA Division III athletics. The teams are nicknamed Purple Raiders, and the mascot is MUcaw. Mount Union sponsors 11 mens varsity teams, baseball, basketball, cross-country, football, golf, track & field, soccer, swimming & diving, tennis, lacrosse and wrestling. The school also sponsors 10 womens varsity teams, basketball, cross-country, golf, lacrosse, track & field, soccer, softball, swimming & diving, tennis, Mount Unions football is currently led by head coach Vince Kehres. Mount Union holds the record for consecutive victories at 55 from 2000-2003. Mount Union previously held the all divisions mark at 54 consecutive games until losing in the semifinals on December 12,1999 to Rowan University, during both the 55 and 54 game streaks Mount Union won 3 consecutive National Championships. Since both streaks were connected—from 1997–2003 Mount Union won 109 of 110 games played, one of the more popular programs for students at the University of Mount Union is the music program. The Theatre Department puts on two productions every fall, and varying productions in the spring, every spring semester alternates between a musical and a straight play every year for the main stage show, and every spring there are also student-directed one-acts
19.
West Virginia University
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West Virginia University is a public, land-grant, space-grant, research-intensive university in Morgantown, West Virginia, United States. WVU Extension Service provides outreach with offices in all of West Virginias 55 counties, since 2001, WVU has been governed by the West Virginia University Board of Governors. Enrollment for the Fall 2015 semester was 28,776 for the main campus, WVU offers 191 bachelors, masters, doctoral, and professional degree programs in 15 colleges. WVU has produced 24 Rhodes Scholars, including former WVU president David C, the University has also produced 36 Goldwater Scholars,22 Truman Scholars, and five members of USA Todays All‑USA College Academic First Team. On December 4,1868, lawmakers renamed the college West Virginia University to represent a range of higher education. The University was built on the grounds of three academies, the Monongalia Academy of 1814, the Morgantown Female Academy of 1831. Upon its founding, the newspaper claimed that a place more eligible for the quiet and successful pursuit of science. The first campus building was constructed in 1870 as University Hall, and was renamed Martin Hall in 1889 in honor of West Virginia Universitys first president, the Rev. Alexander Martin of Scotland. After the Woodburn Seminary building was destroyed by fire in 1873, the name was changed to University Building in 1878, when the College of Law was founded as the first professional school in the state of West Virginia. The precursor to Woodburn Circle was finished in 1893 when Chitwood Hall was constructed on the north side. In 1909 a north wing was added to University Building, throughout the next decade, Woodburn Hall underwent several renovations and additions, including the construction of the south wing and east tower housing the Seth Thomas clock. The three Woodburn Circle buildings were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974, in 1899, the Vance Farm was acquired for the West Virginia University Experiment Station. WVU was required to have a Cadet Corps under the terms of the Morrill Act of 1862, the heavy military influence led to opposition of female enrollment that lasted through the first decade of the university. The trend changed in 1889, when ten women were allowed to enroll, in June 1891, Harriet Lyon became the first woman to receive a degree from West Virginia University, finishing first in the class ahead of all male students. Lyons academic success supported the acceptance of women in the university as students, during the Universitys early years, daily chapel services and roll call for all students were mandatory, limiting time for student recreation. Following the removal of these obligations, students became active in activities and established many of the schools first athletic. Phi Kappa Psi was the first fraternity on campus, founded May 23,1890, while Kappa Delta, the first football team was formed in 1891, and the first basketball team appeared in 1903. The Universitys outlook at the turn of the 20th century was optimistic, the campus welcomed U. S. President William Howard Taft to campus for WVU President Thomas Hodgess inauguration in 1911
20.
World War I
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World War I, also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918. More than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history and it was one of the deadliest conflicts in history, and paved the way for major political changes, including revolutions in many of the nations involved. The war drew in all the worlds great powers, assembled in two opposing alliances, the Allies versus the Central Powers of Germany and Austria-Hungary. These alliances were reorganised and expanded as more nations entered the war, Italy, Japan, the trigger for the war was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary, by Yugoslav nationalist Gavrilo Princip in Sarajevo on 28 June 1914. This set off a crisis when Austria-Hungary delivered an ultimatum to the Kingdom of Serbia. Within weeks, the powers were at war and the conflict soon spread around the world. On 25 July Russia began mobilisation and on 28 July, the Austro-Hungarians declared war on Serbia, Germany presented an ultimatum to Russia to demobilise, and when this was refused, declared war on Russia on 1 August. Germany then invaded neutral Belgium and Luxembourg before moving towards France, after the German march on Paris was halted, what became known as the Western Front settled into a battle of attrition, with a trench line that changed little until 1917. On the Eastern Front, the Russian army was successful against the Austro-Hungarians, in November 1914, the Ottoman Empire joined the Central Powers, opening fronts in the Caucasus, Mesopotamia and the Sinai. In 1915, Italy joined the Allies and Bulgaria joined the Central Powers, Romania joined the Allies in 1916, after a stunning German offensive along the Western Front in the spring of 1918, the Allies rallied and drove back the Germans in a series of successful offensives. By the end of the war or soon after, the German Empire, Russian Empire, Austro-Hungarian Empire, national borders were redrawn, with several independent nations restored or created, and Germanys colonies were parceled out among the victors. During the Paris Peace Conference of 1919, the Big Four imposed their terms in a series of treaties, the League of Nations was formed with the aim of preventing any repetition of such a conflict. This effort failed, and economic depression, renewed nationalism, weakened successor states, and feelings of humiliation eventually contributed to World War II. From the time of its start until the approach of World War II, at the time, it was also sometimes called the war to end war or the war to end all wars due to its then-unparalleled scale and devastation. In Canada, Macleans magazine in October 1914 wrote, Some wars name themselves, during the interwar period, the war was most often called the World War and the Great War in English-speaking countries. Will become the first world war in the sense of the word. These began in 1815, with the Holy Alliance between Prussia, Russia, and Austria, when Germany was united in 1871, Prussia became part of the new German nation. Soon after, in October 1873, German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck negotiated the League of the Three Emperors between the monarchs of Austria-Hungary, Russia and Germany
21.
Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania
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Slippery Rock University of Pennsylvania is a public, masters-level university that offers some doctoral programs. SRU is a member of the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education, Slippery Rock University is located in Slippery Rock, in the U. S. state of Pennsylvania, approximately 52 miles north of Pittsburgh and approximately 80 miles south of Erie. The university has been coeducational since its founding in 1889 and it has one of the largest campuses in western Pennsylvania, occupying 611 acres. Council for the Accreditation of Counseling and Related Education Programs In 2012, Norton announced she will retire effective June 30,2017. SRU has a student newspaper and radio station, Slippery Rocks unofficial mascot is Rocky — The Pride of The Rock. Technically the university has no official mascot, Rocky and Rock Pride are initiatives of the Student Government Association and the Department of Athletics. Mens teams, Baseball, Basketball, Cross Country, Football, Soccer, Indoor Track & Field, Outdoor Track & Field, and Bowling. Womens teams, Basketball, Cross Country, Field Hockey, Soccer, Softball, Indoor Track & Field, Outdoor Track & Field, Volleyball, Lacrosse, and Tennis. In 2006, the university cut mens and womens swimming, mens and womens water polo, mens Division I wrestling, mens golf, and others. The announcement of Slippery Rocks football scores is a tradition at University of Michigan Football games, begun in 1959 by Michigan Stadiums public address announcer Steve Filipiak. Slippery Rock was so popular with U of M fans that on Sept.29,1979, they played in-state rival Shippensburg at Michigan Stadium, in front of 61,143 fans, a record for a Division II football game. Slippery Rock played a game at The Big House in 1981. Slippery Rock made a trip to The Big House on October 18,2014, losing to Mercyhurst University, 45-23. In 1995, the water polo team won the intercollegiate national championship conducted by USA Water Polo. This remains the only collegiate water polo championship ever won by a non-California team, in 1987, the womens judo team, a varsity sport team at the time, won the intercollegiate national championship conducted by the National Collegiate Judo Association. In 2006, the lacrosse team won the Midwest Conference Championship. The team won the Midwest Conference Championship again in 2007 but were defeated in the NCLL Sweet 16, in 2008 and 2009, the womens rugby team won the Midwest Championship for the first time in school history. This led them to Nationals for two seasons in addition to making the Elite 8 both of those years
22.
Bo McMillin
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Alvin Nugent McMillin was an American football player and coach at the collegiate and professional level. He played football at Centre College in Danville, Kentucky, where he was a three-time All-American at quarterback, McMillin was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a player as part of its inaugural 1951 class. He was the football coach at Centenary College of Louisiana, Geneva College, Kansas State University and Indiana University. In 1945, he led Indiana to its first Big Ten Conference title and was named AFCA Coach of the Year, after graduating from Centre, McMillin played professionally with the Milwaukee Badgers and Cleveland Indians—two early National Football League teams—in 1922 and 1923. He later returned to the NFL, coaching the Detroit Lions from 1948 to 1950, McMillins career NFL coaching mark was 14–24. McMillin was born on January 12,1895 to Reuben Thomas McMillin and Martha Buchanan Reilly in Prairie Hill, Limestone County, the family moved in 1897 to Waco and in 1901 to Fort Worth. McMillins father was a meat packer, as a child, Bo was known to pick fights, but was also known all his life as one who never drunk nor smoked nor swore. He spoke with a distinctive Texas drawl and he played football as a running back at North Side High School in Fort Worth and Somerset High School in Somerset, Kentucky. At North Side, he played with Red Weaver and was coached by Robert L. Myers, sully Montgomery, Matty Bell, Bill James and Bob Mathias also attended North Side. By the ninth grade, McMillin had reached his full growth at 5 feet 9 inches and 165 pounds, Myers obtained the coaching job at his alma mater, Centre College, and brought all the above-named players with him. McMillin and Weaver did not have sufficient high-school credits to enter college and enrolled at Somerset High School for the 1916-17 year, ive got a boy under my wing down here in Texas whos a football-playing fool and I want him to go to Centre. Id like for you to get him in a school up there. Wrote Myers to a man in Somerset, McMillin began his collegiate career at Centre College in Kentucky. McMillin was a student who supported himself by gambling and liked to play football. McMillin failed all his courses during his year, eventually receiving his A. B. degree from Centre in 1937 with credit for military service. According to McMillin, he initially left Centre with $3,500 in debt and he was a Hall-of-Fame, three-time All-American, triple-threat quarterback on the Centre Colonels football team under head coaches Chief Meyers and Charley Moran. McMillin was the quarterback on Centres all-time football team which was chosen in 1935 and he was nominated for the Associated Press All-Time Southeast 1869-1919-era team. In McMillins day of iron man football, he was also a safety man on defense and he began playing football at Centre in 1917, making an impact as a freshman when his 17-yard drop kick defeated the rival Kentucky Wildcats 3–0
23.
Centre College
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Centre College is a private liberal arts college located in Danville, Kentucky, a community of approximately 16,000 in Boyle County, about 35 miles south of Lexington, Kentucky. Centre is an undergraduate institution with an enrollment of approximately 1,375 students. Centre was founded by Presbyterian leaders, with whom it maintains a loose affiliation, the college is a member of the Associated Colleges of the South. The Kentucky General Assembly established Centre College on January 21,1819, the college was named for its proximate location in the geographic centre of the Commonwealth, using early nineteenth century Americas contemporaneous spelling of the word. Auspiciously, the legislature placed many of Kentuckys most prominent citizens in charge of Centre Colleges Board of Trustees, with Isaac Shelby, classes began in the fall of 1820 in Old Centre, the first building on campus and the oldest college administration building west of the Allegheny Mountains. From 1830 to 1857, President John C. Young oversaw a vast enlargement of the faculty, following the Civil War, Centre affiliated itself with several other educational institutions. From 1894 until 1912, J. Proctor Knott, a former Kentucky Governor and U. S. Congressman, in 1921, Centre upset Harvard Universitys undefeated football team 6–0, a feat which led The New York Times to later call it Footballs Upset of the Century. ESPN described Centres victory as one of the biggest upsets in all sports during the twentieth century, c6H0 remains a point of pride among students and alumni and is the answer to What is the formula for a winning football team. To this day, C6HO is inscribed in large figures on the brick exterior of Centres old post office. During the 1960s the colleges financial resources doubled, eleven new buildings were added to the campus and enrollment increased from 450 to 800. In 1988, Centre set a record when it achieved a 75. 4% participation rate for alumni giving. From the latter twentieth century to the present, strong levels of alumni giving, today, enrollment is around 1,300 with nearly 150 faculty members. Dr. John A. Roush, who took office in 1998, is the colleges 20th president, in 2000, Centre became the smallest college ever to host a national election debate. Dick Cheney and Senator Joe Lieberman debated on October 5 at Centres Norton Center for the Arts with CNNs Bernard Shaw acting as moderator. In 2012, Centre again hosted a presidential debate in the Norton Center for the Arts. The physical campus has changed substantially during the past decade, in August 2011, Centre announced the construction of Brockman Residential Commons, a 125-bed facility offering apartment and townhouse living for upperclassmen. The residence facility was completed at the beginning of the 2012–13 school year, during the Confederate occupation of Old Centre in 1862, classes were held at Old Sayre library. However, the Battle of Perryville eventually forced the faculty to suspend classes for 13 days, classes were cancelled one day due to the Great Blizzard of 1978
24.
Kansas State University
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Kansas State University, commonly shortened to Kansas State or K-State, is a public doctoral university with its main campus in Manhattan, Kansas, United States. Kansas State was opened as the states land-grant college in 1863 – the first public institution of learning in the state of Kansas. It had a high enrollment of 24,766 students for the Fall 2014 semester. Branch campuses are in Salina and Olathe, the Kansas State University Polytechnic Campus in Salina is home to the College of Technology and Aviation. The university is classified as a university with highest research activity by the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education. Kansas States academic offerings are administered through nine colleges, including the College of Veterinary Medicine, Graduate degrees offered include 65 masters degree programs and 45 doctoral degrees. The school was the first land-grant college created under the Morrill Act, K-State is the third-oldest school in the Big 12 Conference and the oldest public institution of higher learning in the state of Kansas. The effort to establish the school began in 1861, the year that Kansas was admitted to the United States, one of the new state legislatures top priorities involved establishing a state university. That year, the delegation from Manhattan introduced a bill to convert Blue Mont Central College into the state university, in 1862, another bill to make Manhattan the site of the state university failed by one vote. When the college opened for its first session on September 2,1863, enrollment for the first session totaled 52 students,26 men and 26 women. Twelve years after opening, the university moved its campus from the location of Blue Mont Central College to its present site in 1875. The original site is now occupied by Central National Bank of Manhattan, the early years of the institution witnessed debate over whether the college should provide a focused agricultural education or a full liberal arts education. During this era, the tenor of the school shifted with the tenure of college presidents, for example, President John A. Anderson favored a limited education and President George T. Fairchild favored a liberal education. Fairchild was credited with saying, Our college exists not so much to make men farmers as to make farmers men. During this era, in 1873, Kansas State helped pioneer the academic teaching of economics for women. In November 1928, the school was accredited by the Association of American Universities as a school whose graduates were deemed capable of advanced graduate work, the name of the school was changed in 1931 to Kansas State College of Agriculture and Applied Science. Milton S. Eisenhower served as president of the university from 1943 to 1950, several buildings, including residence halls and a student union, were added to the campus in the 1950s
25.
Indiana University
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Indiana University is a multi-campus public university system in the state of Indiana, United States. The core campuses of Indiana University are located in Bloomington and Indianapolis, Indiana University Bloomington is the flagship campus of Indiana University. Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis is the urban campus of Indiana University. The campus is operated in cooperation with Purdue University, but is administered by Indiana University, in addition to its two core campuses, Indiana University comprises seven smaller campuses and two extensions spread throughout Indiana. The smaller campuses are, Indiana University East is located in Richmond, Indiana University Kokomo is located in Kokomo, Indiana. Indiana University Northwest is located in Gary, Indiana, Indiana University South Bend is located in South Bend, Indiana. Indiana University Southeast is located in New Albany, Indiana, Indiana University – Purdue University Fort Wayne is located in Fort Wayne, Indiana. IPFW is operated in cooperation with, and is administered by, Indiana University – Purdue University Columbus is located in Columbus, Indiana. The centers/extensions are, The Danielson Center is located in New Castle, the Elkhart Center is located in Elkhart, Indiana. Future projects include, A medical school complex near downtown Evansville, according to the National Association of College and University Business Officers, the value of the endowment of the Indiana University and affiliated foundations is over $1.57 billion. Mark Cuban Brad Stephens Indiana University has three medals to recognize individuals, the University Medal, the only IU medal that requires approval from the Board of Trustees, was created in 1982 by then IU President John W. Ryan and is the highest award bestowed by the University. It honors individuals for singular or noteworthy contributions, including service to the university and achievement in arts, letters, science, the first recipient was Thomas T. Solley, former director of the IU Art Museum. Indiana University Presidents Medal for Excellence, a reproduction in silver of the symbolic jewel of office worn by the president at ceremonial occasions, is rich in meaning. The first recipients were member of the Beaux Arts Trio on September 20,1985, Thomas Hart Benton Mural Medallion recognizes individuals who are shining examples of the values of IU and the universal academic community. President Ryan was the first to award this honor and it was first awarded to the president of Nanjing University on July 21,1986. Indiana University has a number of ways to recognize the accomplishments of faculty, the recipient is also the IU nominee for the national Campus Compact Thomas Ehrlich Award for Service Learning. The Mace, a symbol of authority dating back to medieval times and it later would be used in processions of city mayors and other dignitaries, and became an emblem of order and authority during academic ceremonies. The staff of IUs Mace is 30 inches long and made of polished ebony encircled with four brass, gold-plated collars, atop the staff is a globe of plated brass with four flat sides
26.
Big Ten Conference
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The Big Ten Conference, formerly Western Conference and Big Nine Conference, is the oldest Division I collegiate athletic conference in the United States. The conference includes the public university in each of 11 states stretching from New Jersey to Nebraska. The Big Ten Conference was established in 1895 when Purdue University president James H, in 1905, the conference was officially incorporated as the Intercollegiate Conference Athletic Association. Big Ten member institutions are predominantly major flagship research universities with large financial endowments, large student enrollment is also a hallmark of Big Ten universities, as 12 of the 14 members feature enrollments of 30,000 or more students. Northwestern University, one of just two members with a total enrollment of fewer than 30,000 students, is the lone private university among Big Ten membership. Collectively, Big Ten universities educate more than 520,000 total students and have 5.7 million living alumni, Big Ten universities engage in $9.3 billion in funded research each year. Big Ten universities are members of the Big Ten Academic Alliance. In 2014–2015, members generated more than $10 billion in research expenditures, Johns Hopkins University was invited in 2012 to join the Big Ten as an associate member participating in mens lacrosse only. In 2015, it was accepted as an associate member in womens lacrosse. Notre Dame is scheduled to join the Big Ten in 2017 as a member in mens ice hockey. Notes Notes Notes The University of Chicago was a co-founder of the conference, lake Forest College attended the original 1895 meeting that led to the formation of the conference, but did not join it. Full members Full members Sport Affiliate Other Conference Other Conference The Big Ten Conference sponsors championship competition in 14 mens and 14 womens NCAA sanctioned sports, Notes, * Notre Dame will join the Big Ten in the 2017–18 school year as an affiliate member in mens ice hockey. It continues to field its other sports in the ACC except in football where it will continue to compete as an independent, ° Johns Hopkins joined the Big Ten in 2014 as an affiliate member in mens lacrosse, with womens lacrosse to follow in 2016. Ohio State and Penn State, like most NCAA fencing schools, have coed teams,2, Mens rowing, whether heavyweight or lightweight, is not governed by the NCAA, but instead by the Intercollegiate Rowing Association. Rutgers Mens Rowing was downgraded to Club status in 2008,3, Unlike rifle, pistol is not an NCAA-governed sport. 4, Rifle is technically a mens sport, but mens, womens, Ohio State fields a coed team. The eligibility of student-athletes was one of the topics of discussion. The Intercollegiate Conference of Faculty Representatives was founded at a meeting on February 8,1896
27.
Philadelphia Eagles
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The Philadelphia Eagles are a professional American football franchise based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The Eagles compete in the National Football League as a club of the leagues National Football Conference East division. The franchise was established in 1933 as a replacement for the bankrupt Frankford Yellow Jackets, when a group led by Bert Bell secured the rights to an NFL franchise in Philadelphia. Bell, Chuck Bednarik, Bob Brown, Reggie White, Steve Van Buren, Tommy McDonald, Greasy Neale, Pete Pihos, Sonny Jurgensen, the team has an intense rivalry with the New York Giants. This rivalry is the oldest in the NFC East and is among the oldest in the NFL and they also have a historic rivalry with the Washington Redskins, as well as their bitter rivalry with the Dallas Cowboys, which has become more high-profile in the last three decades. The team consistently ranks in the top three in attendance and has sold out every game since the 1999 season, in a Sports Illustrated poll of 321 NFL players, Eagles fans were selected the most intimidating fans in the NFL. Midway through the 1931 season, the Frankford Yellow Jackets went bankrupt, the Bell-Wray group had to pay an entry fee of $3,500 and assumed a total debt of $11,000 that was owed to three other NFL franchises. Neither the Eagles nor the NFL officially regard the two franchises as the same, citing the period of dormancy. Furthermore, almost no Yellow Jackets players were on the Eagles first roster, the Eagles, along with the Pittsburgh Steelers and the now-defunct Cincinnati Reds, joined the NFL as expansion teams. To accommodate football at Shibe Park during the winter, management set up stands in right field, some 20 feet high, these east stands had 22 rows of seats. The goalposts stood along the first base line and in left field, the uncovered east stands enlarged capacity of Shibe Park to over 39,000, but the Eagles rarely drew more than 25 to 30,000. The Eagles struggled over the course of their first decade, enduring repeated losing seasons, soon after, Bell and Rooney traded the Eagles franchise to Thompson and moved it to Pittsburgh, while Thompson moved the Steelers franchise to Philadelphia. By the late 1940s, head coach Earle Greasy Neale and running back Steve Van Buren led the team to three consecutive NFL Championship Games, winning two of them in 1948 and 1949. After the 1957 season, the Eagles moved from Connie Mack Stadium to Franklin Field at the University of Pennsylvania, Franklin Field would seat over 60,000 for the Eagles, whereas Connie Mack had a capacity of 39,000. The stadium switched from grass to AstroTurf in 1969 and it was the first NFL stadium to use artificial turf. In 1960, the Eagles won their third NFL championship, under the leadership of future Pro Football Hall of Famers Norm Van Brocklin and Chuck Bednarik, the head coach was Buck Shaw. The 1960 Eagles, by a score of 17–13, became the team to defeat Vince Lombardi. The Eagles had a good 1961 season and then fell on hard times in 1962
28.
Detroit Lions
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The Detroit Lions are a professional American football team based in Detroit. The Lions compete in the National Football League as a club of the leagues National Football Conference North division. The team plays its games at Ford Field in Downtown Detroit. Originally based in Portsmouth, Ohio and called the Portsmouth Spartans, despite success within the NFL, they could not survive in Portsmouth, then the NFLs smallest city. The team was purchased and relocated to Detroit for the 1934 season and they are one of four current teams and the only NFC team to have not yet played in the Super Bowl. Aside from a change to maroon in 1948 instituted by then head coach Bo McMillin. The design consists of silver helmets, silver pants, and either blue or white jerseys, the shade of blue used for Lions uniforms and logos is officially known as Honolulu blue, which is supposedly inspired by the color of the waves off the coast of Hawaii. The shade was chosen by Cy Huston in 1935, houston, the Lions first vice president and general manager, said of the choice, They had me looking at so many blues I am blue in the face, Huston said about the selection. But anyway, its the kind of blue, I am told, there have been minor changes to the uniform design throughout the years, such as changing the silver stripe patterns on the jersey sleeves, and changing the colors of the jersey numbers. White trim was added to the logo in 1970, in 1998, the team wore blue pants with their white jerseys along with grey socks but dropped that combination after the season. In 1999, the TV numbers on the sleeves were moved to the shoulders, in 1994, every NFL team wore throwback jerseys, and the Lions were similar to the jerseys used during their 1935 championship season. The helmets and pants were silver, the jerseys Honolulu blue with silver numbers. The team wore solid blue socks along with black shoes, the helmets also did not have a logo, as helmets were simple leather back then. The Lions also wore 50s-style jerseys during their traditional Thanksgiving Day games from 2001 to 2004 as the NFL encouraged teams to wear throwback jerseys on Thanksgiving Day, in 2003, the team added black trim to their logo and the jerseys. The face masks on the changed from blue to black with the introduction of the new color. Additionally, a home field jersey which makes black the dominant color was introduced in 2005. For 2008, the dropped the black alternate jerseys in favor of a throwback uniform to commemorate the franchises 75th anniversary. The throwback uniform became the teams permanent alternate jersey in 2009, the Lions officially unveiled new logo designs and uniforms on April 20,2009
29.
Harvard University
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Although never formally affiliated with any denomination, the early College primarily trained Congregationalist and Unitarian clergy. Its curriculum and student body were gradually secularized during the 18th century, james Bryant Conant led the university through the Great Depression and World War II and began to reform the curriculum and liberalize admissions after the war. The undergraduate college became coeducational after its 1977 merger with Radcliffe College, Harvards $34.5 billion financial endowment is the largest of any academic institution. Harvard is a large, highly residential research university, the nominal cost of attendance is high, but the Universitys large endowment allows it to offer generous financial aid packages. Harvards alumni include eight U. S. presidents, several heads of state,62 living billionaires,359 Rhodes Scholars. To date, some 130 Nobel laureates,18 Fields Medalists, Harvard was formed in 1636 by vote of the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. In 1638, it obtained British North Americas first known printing press, in 1639 it was named Harvard College after deceased clergyman John Harvard an alumnus of the University of Cambridge who had left the school £779 and his scholars library of some 400 volumes. The charter creating the Harvard Corporation was granted in 1650 and it offered a classic curriculum on the English university model—many leaders in the colony had attended the University of Cambridge—but conformed to the tenets of Puritanism. It was never affiliated with any denomination, but many of its earliest graduates went on to become clergymen in Congregational. The leading Boston divine Increase Mather served as president from 1685 to 1701, in 1708, John Leverett became the first president who was not also a clergyman, which marked a turning of the college toward intellectual independence from Puritanism. When the Hollis Professor of Divinity David Tappan died in 1803 and the president of Harvard Joseph Willard died a year later, in 1804, in 1846, the natural history lectures of Louis Agassiz were acclaimed both in New York and on the campus at Harvard College. Agassizs approach was distinctly idealist and posited Americans participation in the Divine Nature, agassizs perspective on science combined observation with intuition and the assumption that a person can grasp the divine plan in all phenomena. When it came to explaining life-forms, Agassiz resorted to matters of shape based on an archetype for his evidence. Charles W. Eliot, president 1869–1909, eliminated the position of Christianity from the curriculum while opening it to student self-direction. While Eliot was the most crucial figure in the secularization of American higher education, he was motivated not by a desire to secularize education, during the 20th century, Harvards international reputation grew as a burgeoning endowment and prominent professors expanded the universitys scope. Rapid enrollment growth continued as new schools were begun and the undergraduate College expanded. Radcliffe College, established in 1879 as sister school of Harvard College, Harvard became a founding member of the Association of American Universities in 1900. In the early 20th century, the student body was predominately old-stock, high-status Protestants, especially Episcopalians, Congregationalists, by the 1970s it was much more diversified
30.
Jacksonville, Florida
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Jacksonville is a seaport city and the seat of Duval County, Florida, United States. With an estimated 868,031 residents as of 2015, Jacksonville is the most populous city in both the state of Florida and the southeastern United States. It is estimated to be the 12th most populous city in the United States and is the largest city by area in the contiguous United States. The Jacksonville metropolitan area has a population of 1,603,497 and is the 34th largest in the United States and fourth largest in the state of Florida. The city is situated on the banks of the St. Johns River, in the First Coast region of North Florida, prior to European settlement, the Jacksonville area was inhabited by Native American people known as the Timucua. In 1564, the French established the colony of Fort Caroline at the mouth of the St. Johns River. In 1822, a year after the United States gained Florida from Spain, Jacksonville is the cultural, commercial and financial center of North Florida. A major military and civilian deep-water port, the citys riverine location supports two United States Navy bases and the Port of Jacksonville, Floridas third largest seaport. The two US Navy bases, Blount Island Command and the nearby Naval Submarine Base Kings Bay, Jacksonville is also home to several colleges and universities, including University of North Florida, Jacksonville University and Florida State College at Jacksonville. The area of the city of Jacksonville has been inhabited for thousands of years. In the 16th century, the beginning of the era, the region was inhabited by the Mocama. At the time of contact with Europeans, all Mocama villages in present-day Jacksonville were part of the powerful chiefdom known as the Saturiwa, centered around the mouth of the St. Johns River. One early map shows a village called Ossachite at the site of what is now downtown Jacksonville, French Huguenot explorer Jean Ribault charted the St. Johns River in 1562 calling it the River of May because he discovered it in May. Ribault erected a column near present-day Jacksonville claiming the newly discovered land for France. In 1564, René Goulaine de Laudonnière established the first European settlement, Fort Caroline, philip II of Spain ordered Pedro Menéndez de Avilés to protect the interest of Spain by attacking the French presence at Fort Caroline. On September 20,1565, a Spanish force from the nearby Spanish settlement of St. Augustine attacked Fort Caroline, the Spanish renamed the fort San Mateo, and following the ejection of the French, St. Augustines position as the most important settlement in Florida was solidified. The location of Fort Caroline is subject to debate but a reconstruction of the fort was established on the St. Johns River in 1964. Spain ceded Florida to the British in 1763 after the French and Indian War, the British introduced the cultivation of sugar cane, indigo and fruits as well the export of lumber
31.
Pro Football Hall of Fame
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The Pro Football Hall of Fame is the hall of fame for professional American football. As of 2017, there are a total of 310 members of the Hall of Fame, groundbreaking for the building was held on August 11,1962. The original building contained just two rooms, and 19,000 square feet of interior space, in April 1970, ground was broken for the first of many expansions. This first expansion cost $620,000, and was completed in May 1971, the size was increased to 34,000 square feet by adding another room. The pro shop opened with this expansion and this was also an important milestone for the Pro Football Hall of Fame, as yearly attendance passed the 200,000 mark for the first time. In November 1977, work began on another project, costing US$1,200,000. It was completed in November 1978, enlarging the shop and research library. The total size of the hall was now 50,500 square feet, the building remained largely unchanged until July 1993. The Hall then announced yet another expansion, costing US$9,200,000 and this expansion was completed in October 1995. The buildings size was increased to 82,307 square feet, the most notable addition was the GameDay Stadium, which shows an NFL Films production on a 20-foot by 42-foot Cinemascope screen. Through 2017, all inductees except one, played part of their professional career in the NFL. For CFL stars, there is a parallel Canadian Football Hall of Fame, only one player, the Chicago Bears have the most Hall of Famers among the leagues franchises with 32 enshrinees. Enshrinees are selected by a 46-person committee, largely made up of media members, each city that has a current NFL team sends one representative from the local media to the committee. A city with more than one franchise sends a representative for each franchise, there are also 13 at-large delegates, and one representative from the Pro Football Writers Association. Except for the PFWA representative, who is appointed to a term, all other appointments are open-ended and terminated only by death, incapacitation, retirement. To be eligible for the process, a player or coach must have been retired for at least five years. Any other contributor such as an owner or executive can be voted in at any time. Fans may nominate any player, coach or contributor by simply writing to the Pro Football Hall of Fame via letter or email
32.
New York Giants
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The New York Giants are a professional American football team based in the New York metropolitan area. The Giants compete in the National Football League as a club of the leagues National Football Conference East division. The team plays its games at MetLife Stadium in East Rutherford, New Jersey. The Giants hold their training camp at the Quest Diagnostics Training Center at the Meadowlands Sports Complex. The Giants were one of five teams that joined the NFL in 1925 and their championship tally is surpassed only by the Green Bay Packers and Chicago Bears. Throughout their history, the Giants have featured 28 Hall of Fame players, including NFL Most Valuable Player award winners Mel Hein, Frank Gifford, Y. A. Tittle, and Lawrence Taylor. The teams heated rivalry with the Philadelphia Eagles is the oldest of the NFC East rivalries, dating all the way back to 1933, the Giants played their first game as an away game against All New Britain in New Britain, Connecticut, on October 4,1925. They defeated New Britain 26–0 in front of a crowd of 10,000, the Giants were successful in their first season, finishing with an 8–4 record. In its third season, the finished with the best record in the league at 11–1–1 and was awarded the NFL title. In 1930, there were many who questioned the quality of the professional game. In December 1930, the Giants played a team of Notre Dame All Stars at the Polo Grounds to raise money for the unemployed of New York City and it was also an opportunity to establish the skill and prestige of the pro game. Knute Rockne reassembled his Four Horsemen along with the stars of his 1924 Championship squad and told them to score early, Rockne, like much of the public, thought little of pro football and expected an easy win. But from the beginning it was a one-way contest, with Friedman running for two Giant touchdowns and Hap Moran passing for another, when it was all over, Coach Rockne told his team, That was the greatest football machine I ever saw. I am glad none of you got hurt, the game raised $100,000 for the homeless, and is often credited with establishing the legitimacy of the professional game for those who were critical. It also was the last game the legendary Rockne ever coached, in a 14-year span from 1933 to 1947, the Giants qualified to play in the NFL championship game 8 times, winning twice. During this period the Giants were led by Hall of Fame coach Steve Owen, the period also featured the 1944 Giants, which are ranked as the #1 defensive team in NFL history. a truly awesome unit. They gave up only 7.5 points per game and shut out five of their 10 opponents, though they lost 14-7 to the Green Bay Packers in the 1944 NFL Championship Game. The famous Sneakers Game was played in this era where the Giants defeated the Chicago Bears on an icy field in the 1934 NFL Championship Game, the Giants played the Detroit Lions to a scoreless tie on November 7,1943
33.
Green Bay Packers
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The Green Bay Packers are a professional American football team based in Green Bay, Wisconsin. The Packers compete in the National Football League as a club of the leagues National Football Conference North division. They are also the third-oldest franchise in the NFL, organized and it is the only non-profit, community-owned major league professional sports team based in the United States. Home games are played at Lambeau Field, the Packers are the last vestige of small town teams common in the NFL during the 1920s and 1930s. Founded in 1919 by Earl Curly Lambeau and George Whitney Calhoun, between 1919 and 1920, the Packers competed against other semi-pro clubs from around Wisconsin and the Midwest. They joined the American Professional Football Association, the forerunner of todays NFL, the Packers have won 13 league championships, the most in NFL history, with nine NFL titles before the Super Bowl era and four Super Bowl victories. They won the first two Super Bowls in 1967 and 1968 and were the only NFL team to defeat the American Football League prior to the AFL–NFL merger. The Vince Lombardi Trophy is named after the Packers head coach of the same name and their two further Super Bowl wins came in 1997 and 2011. The Packers are long-standing adversaries of the Chicago Bears, Minnesota Vikings, and Detroit Lions, the Bears–Packers rivalry is one of the oldest in NFL history, dating back to 1921. The Green Bay Packers were founded on August 11,1919 by former high-school football rivals Earl Curly Lambeau, Lambeau solicited funds for uniforms from his employer, the Indian Packing Company. He was given $500 for uniforms and equipment, on the condition that the team be named for its sponsor, the Green Bay Packers have played in their original city longer than any other team in the NFL. On August 27,1921, the Packers were granted a franchise in the new pro football league that had been formed the previous year. Financial troubles plagued the team and the franchise was forfeited within the year, before Lambeau found new financial backers and these backers, known as the Hungry Five, formed the Green Bay Football Corporation. After a near-miss in 1927, Lambeaus squad claimed the Packers first NFL title in 1929 with an undefeated 12–0–1 campaign, among the many impressive accomplishments of these years was the Packers streak of 29 consecutive home games without defeat, an NFL record which still stands. The arrival of end Don Hutson from Alabama in 1935 gave Lambeau, credited with inventing pass patterns, Hutson would lead the league in receptions eight seasons and spur the Packers to NFL championships in 1936,1939 and 1944. An iron man, Hutson played both ways, leading the league in interceptions as a safety in 1940, Hutson claimed 18 NFL records when he retired in 1945, many of which still stand. In 1951, his number 14 was the first to be retired by the Packers, after Hutsons retirement, Lambeau could not stop the Packers slide. He purchased a large lodge near Green Bay for team members, rockwood Lodge was the home of the 1946-1949 Packers, though the 1947 and 1948 seasons produced a record of 12-10-1, and 1949 was even worse at 3-9
34.
Pittsburgh Steelers
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The Pittsburgh Steelers are a professional American football team based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The Steelers compete in the National Football League, as a club of the leagues American Football Conference North division. Founded in 1933, the Steelers are the oldest franchise in the AFC, Pittsburgh has won more Super Bowl titles and hosted more conference championship games than any other NFL team. The Steelers have won 8 AFC championships, tied with the Denver Broncos and they share the record for most conference championship games played in with the San Francisco 49ers. The Steelers share the record for second most Super Bowl appearances with the Broncos, and Dallas Cowboys, the Steelers lost their most recent championship appearance, Super Bowl XLV, on February 6,2011. The Steelers were founded as the Pittsburgh Pirates on July 8,1933, by Art Rooney, taking its name from the baseball team of the same name. The ownership of the Steelers has remained within the Rooney family since its founding, the current owner is Arts son, Dan Rooney, who has given much control of the franchise to his son Art Rooney II. The Steelers enjoy a large, widespread fanbase nicknamed Steeler Nation, the Steelers currently play their home games at Heinz Field on Pittsburghs North Side in the North Shore neighborhood, which also hosts the University of Pittsburgh Panthers. Built in 2001, the stadium replaced Three Rivers Stadium which hosted the Steelers for 31 seasons, prior to Three Rivers, the Steelers had played their games in Pitt Stadium and Forbes Field. The Pittsburgh Steelers of the NFL first took to the field as the Pittsburgh Pirates on September 20,1933, through the 1930s, the Pirates never finished higher than second place in their division, or with a record better than.500. Prior to the 1940 season, the Pirates renamed themselves the Steelers, during World War II, the Steelers experienced player shortages. They twice merged with other NFL franchises to field a team, during the 1943 season, they merged with the Philadelphia Eagles forming the Phil-Pitt Eagles and were known as the Steagles. In 1944, they merged with the Chicago Cardinals and were known as Card-Pitt and this team finished 0–10, marking the only winless team in franchise history. The Steelers made the playoffs for the first time in 1947 and this forced a tie-breaking playoff game at Forbes Field, which the Steelers lost 21–0. The Steelers also received a $3 million relocation fee, which was a windfall for them, the Steelers history of bad luck changed with the hiring of coach Chuck Noll for the 1969 season. The Pittsburgh Steelers 1974 draft was their best ever, no team has ever drafted four future Hall of Famers in one year. They also enjoyed a regular season streak of 49 consecutive wins against teams that would finish with a record that year. The Steelers suffered a rash of injuries in the 1980 season, the 1981 season was no better, with an 8–8 showing
35.
National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum
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The National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum is an American history museum and hall of fame, located at 25 Main Street in Cooperstown, New York, and operated by private interests. The Halls motto is Preserving History, Honoring Excellence, Connecting Generations, the word Cooperstown is often used as shorthand for the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum. The Hall of Fame was established in 1939 by Stephen Carlton Clark, Clark had sought to bring tourists to a city hurt by the Great Depression, which reduced the local tourist trade, and Prohibition, which devastated the local hops industry. A new building was constructed, and the Hall of Fame was dedicated on June 12,1939, the erroneous claim that U. S. Civil War hero Abner Doubleday invented baseball in Cooperstown was instrumental in the early marketing of the Hall. An expanded library and research facility opened in 1994, dale Petroskey became the organizations president in 1999. In 2002, the Hall launched Baseball As America, an exhibit that toured ten American museums over six years. The Hall of Fame has since also sponsored educational programming on the Internet to bring the Hall of Fame to schoolchildren who might not visit, the Hall and Museum completed a series of renovations in spring 2005. The Hall of Fame also presents an annual exhibit at FanFest at the Major League Baseball All-Star Game, Jeff Idelson replaced Petroskey as president on April 16,2008. In 2012, Congress passed and President Barack Obama signed a law ordering the United States Mint to produce and sell commemorative, non-circulating coins to benefit the private, non-profit Hall. The bill, House Bill H. R.2527, was introduced in the United States House of Representatives by Rep. Richard Hanna, a Republican from New York, the coins, which depict baseball gloves and balls, are the first concave designs produced by the Mint. The mintage included 50,000 gold coins,400,000 silver coins, the Mint released them on March 27,2014, and the gold and silver editions quickly sold out. The Hall receives money from surcharges included in the sale price,114 members of the Hall of Fame have been inducted posthumously, including four who died after their selection was announced. Of the 35 Negro league members,29 were inducted posthumously, the Hall of Fame includes one female member, Effa Manley. The newest inductees, enshrined on July 24,2016, are players Mike Piazza, the incoming class of 2017, to be formally enshrined on July 30, consists of executives John Schuerholz and Bud Selig and players Jeff Bagwell, Tim Raines, and Iván Rodríguez. In addition to honoring Hall of Fame inductees, the National Baseball Hall of Fame has presented 40 men with the Ford C, while Frick and Spink Award honorees are not members of the Hall of Fame, they are recognized in an exhibit in the Hall of Fames library. ONeil Award honorees are also not Hall of Fame members, but are listed alongside a permanent statue of the namesake and first recipient, Buck ONeil. From a final ballot typically including 25–40 candidates, each writer may vote for up to 10 players, until the late 1950s, any player named on 75% or more of all ballots cast is elected. A player who is named on fewer than 5% of ballots is dropped from future elections, players receiving 5% or more of the votes but fewer than 75% are reconsidered annually until a maximum of ten years of eligibility
36.
College Football Hall of Fame
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The College Football Hall of Fame is a hall of fame and museum devoted to college football. The National Football Foundation launched the Hall in 1951 to immortalize the players, from 1995 to 2012, the Hall was located in South Bend, Indiana. It was connected to a center and situated in the citys renovated downtown district,2 miles south of the University of Notre Dame campus. In August 2014, the College Football Hall of Fame and Chick-fil-A Fan Experience opened in downtown Atlanta, rutgers donated land near its football stadium, office space, and administrative support. In response, the Foundation moved its operations to New York City, when the New York Attorney Generals office began its own investigation, the foundation moved to Kings Mills, Ohio, where a building finally was constructed adjacent to Kings Island in 1978. The Hall opened with good attendance figures early on, but visitation dwindled dramatically as time went on, nearby Galbreath Field remained open as the home of Moeller High School football until 2003. A new building was opened in South Bend, Indiana on August 25,1995. Despite estimates that the South Bend location would more than 150,000 visitors a year, the Hall of Fame drew about 115,000 people the first year. In 2009, the National Football Foundation decided to move the College Football Hall of Fame to Atlanta, the possibility of moving the museum has been brought up in other cities, including Dallas, which had the financial backing of billionaire T. Boone Pickens. However, the National Football Foundation ultimately decided on Atlanta for the next site, the new $68.5 million museum opened on August 23,2014. It is located next to Centennial Olympic Park, which is near other attractions such as the Georgia Aquarium, the World of Coca-Cola, CNN Center, and the National Center for Civil and Human Rights. The Hall of Fame is located near the Georgia Institute of Technology of the ACC, the new building broke ground on January 28,2013. Sections of the architecture are reminiscent of a football in shape, the facility is 94,256 square feet and contains approximately 50,000 square feet of exhibit and event space, interactive displays and a 45-yard indoor football field. Atlanta Hall Management operates the College Football Hall of Fame, as of 2017, there are 987 players and 214 coaches enshrined in the College Football Hall of Fame, representing 306 schools. The National Football Foundation outlines specific criteria that may be used for evaluating a candidate for induction into the Hall of Fame. A player must have received major first team All-America recognition, a player becomes eligible for consideration 10 years after his last year of intercollegiate football played. Football achievements are considered first, but the record as a citizen is also weighed. Players must have played their last year of football within the last 50 years
37.
Boston College
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Boston College is a private Jesuit Catholic research university located in the village of Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts, United States,6 miles west of downtown Boston. It has 9,100 full-time undergraduates and almost 5,000 graduate students, the universitys name reflects its early history as a liberal arts college and preparatory school in Bostons South End. It is a member of the 568 Group and the Association of Jesuit Colleges and Universities and its main campus is a historic district and features some of the earliest examples of collegiate gothic architecture in North America. Boston Colleges undergraduate program is currently ranked 31st in the National Universities ranking by U. S. News & World Report, Boston College is categorized as an R1, Highest Research Activity institution by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. Students at the university earned 21 Fulbright Awards in 2012, ranking the school eighth among American research institutions, Boston College sports teams are called the Eagles, and their colors are maroon and gold, the school mascot is Baldwin the Eagle. The Eagles compete in NCAA Division I as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference in all sports offered by the ACC, the mens and womens ice hockey teams compete in Hockey East. Boston Colleges mens ice hockey team is one of the most decorated programs in the nation, in 1825, Benedict Joseph Fenwick, S. J. A Jesuit from Maryland, became the second Bishop of Boston and he was the first to articulate a vision for a College in the City of Boston that would raise a new generation of leaders to serve both the civic and spiritual needs of his fledgling diocese. In 1827, Bishop Fenwick opened a school in the basement of his cathedral and his efforts to attract other Jesuits to the faculty were hampered both by Bostons distance from the center of Jesuit activity in Maryland and by suspicion on the part of the citys Protestant elite. Meanwhile, the vision for a college in Boston was sustained by John McElroy, with little fanfare, the colleges two buildings—a schoolhouse and a church—welcomed their first class of scholastics in 1859. Two years later, with as little fanfare, BC closed again and its short-lived second incarnation was plagued by the outbreak of Civil War and disagreement within the Society over the colleges governance and finances. BCs inability to obtain a charter from the anti-Catholic Massachusetts legislature only compounded its troubles, on March 31,1863, more than three decades after its initial inception, Boston Colleges charter was formally approved by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. BC became the second Jesuit institution of learning in Massachusetts. A Swiss Jesuit from French-speaking Fribourg, was selected as BCs first president, for most of the 19th century, BC offered a singular 7-year program corresponding to both high school and college. Its entering class in the fall of 1864 included 22 students, the curriculum was based on the Jesuit Ratio Studiorum, emphasizing Latin, Greek, philosophy, and theology. Boston Colleges enrollment reached nearly 500 by the turn of the 20th century, in 1907, newly installed President Thomas I. Gasson, S. J. determined that BCs cramped, urban quarters in Bostons South End were inadequate, inspired by John Winthrops early vision of Boston as a city upon a hill, he re-imagined Boston College as world-renowned university and a beacon of Jesuit scholarship. Less than a year after taking office, he purchased Amos Adams Lawrences farm on Chestnut Hill and he organized an international competition for the design of a campus master plan and set about raising funds for the construction of the new university
38.
Bucknell University
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Bucknell University is a private liberal arts college located alongside the West Branch Susquehanna River in the town of Lewisburg, in central Pennsylvania, United States. The university consists of the College of Arts and Sciences, School of Management, and it offers nearly 50 majors and over 60 minors. It is primarily a school, and has about 50 graduate students. Students come from all 50 states and from more than 66 countries, Bucknell has nearly 200 student organizations and a large Greek presence. The schools mascot is Bucky the Bison and the school is a member of the Patriot League in NCAA Division I athletics, more than 4,000 subscribers ultimately contributed, including a small boy who gave 12 cents. In 1846, the school preparatory to the University opened in the basement of the First Baptist Church in Lewisburg, known originally as the Lewisburg High School, it became in 1848 the Academical and Primary Department of the University at Lewisburg. In 1850, the department moved into the first building completed on campus, built for $8,000, the building housed both womens and mens studies until the opening of the Female Institute in 1852. While studying together, women were required to face east while men faced west, the schools first commencement was held on August 20,1851, for a graduation class of seven men. Among the board members attending was James Buchanan, who would become the 15th President of the United States, stephen Taylor officiated as his last act before assuming office as president of Madison University. One day earlier, the trustees had elected Howard Malcom as the first president of the university, although the Female Institute began instruction in 1852, it wasn’t until 1883 that college courses were opened to women. Bucknell, though, was committed to educational opportunities for women. Within five years of opening, enrollment had grown so sharply that the university built a new hall–Larison Hall–to accommodate the Female Institute, women could venture into town only in the company of a female teacher who had a minimum of six years’ experience in handling girls. In 1881, facing dire financial circumstances, the university turned to William Bucknell and his donation of $50,000 saved the university from ruin. In 1886, in recognition of Bucknells support of the school, Bucknell Hall, the first of several buildings given to the university by Bucknell, was initially a chapel and for more than a half century the site of student theatrical and musical performances. Today, it houses the Stadler Center for Poetry, the 40 years from 1890 until 1930 saw a steady increase in the number of faculty members and students. When the Depression brought a drop in enrollment in 1933, several members of the faculty were loaned to found a new institution, Bucknell Junior College in Wilkes-Barre, today, that institution is a four-year university, Wilkes University, independent of Bucknell since 1947. Significant new construction in the 1970s included the Elaine Langone Center, the Gerhard Fieldhouse, during the early 1980s, the capacity of the Bertrand Library was doubled and facilities for engineering were substantially renovated. In 1988, the Weis Center for the Performing Arts was completed, New facilities for the sciences included the renovation of the Olin Science Building, the construction of the Rooke Chemistry Building in 1990 and the completion of a new Biology Building in 1991
39.
World War II
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World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although related conflicts began earlier. It involved the vast majority of the worlds countries—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing alliances, the Allies and the Axis. It was the most widespread war in history, and directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. Marked by mass deaths of civilians, including the Holocaust and the bombing of industrial and population centres. These made World War II the deadliest conflict in human history, from late 1939 to early 1941, in a series of campaigns and treaties, Germany conquered or controlled much of continental Europe, and formed the Axis alliance with Italy and Japan. Under the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact of August 1939, Germany and the Soviet Union partitioned and annexed territories of their European neighbours, Poland, Finland, Romania and the Baltic states. In December 1941, Japan attacked the United States and European colonies in the Pacific Ocean, and quickly conquered much of the Western Pacific. The Axis advance halted in 1942 when Japan lost the critical Battle of Midway, near Hawaii, in 1944, the Western Allies invaded German-occupied France, while the Soviet Union regained all of its territorial losses and invaded Germany and its allies. During 1944 and 1945 the Japanese suffered major reverses in mainland Asia in South Central China and Burma, while the Allies crippled the Japanese Navy, thus ended the war in Asia, cementing the total victory of the Allies. World War II altered the political alignment and social structure of the world, the United Nations was established to foster international co-operation and prevent future conflicts. The victorious great powers—the United States, the Soviet Union, China, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union and the United States emerged as rival superpowers, setting the stage for the Cold War, which lasted for the next 46 years. Meanwhile, the influence of European great powers waned, while the decolonisation of Asia, most countries whose industries had been damaged moved towards economic recovery. Political integration, especially in Europe, emerged as an effort to end pre-war enmities, the start of the war in Europe is generally held to be 1 September 1939, beginning with the German invasion of Poland, Britain and France declared war on Germany two days later. The dates for the beginning of war in the Pacific include the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War on 7 July 1937, or even the Japanese invasion of Manchuria on 19 September 1931. Others follow the British historian A. J. P. Taylor, who held that the Sino-Japanese War and war in Europe and its colonies occurred simultaneously and this article uses the conventional dating. Other starting dates sometimes used for World War II include the Italian invasion of Abyssinia on 3 October 1935. The British historian Antony Beevor views the beginning of World War II as the Battles of Khalkhin Gol fought between Japan and the forces of Mongolia and the Soviet Union from May to September 1939, the exact date of the wars end is also not universally agreed upon. It was generally accepted at the time that the war ended with the armistice of 14 August 1945, rather than the formal surrender of Japan
40.
Bluffton University
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Bluffton University is a Christian liberal arts college affiliated with the Mennonite Church USA located in Bluffton, Ohio. It was founded in 1899 as Central Mennonite College and became Bluffton College in 1913, the name Bluffton University was adopted in 2004. Bluffton seeks to prepare students of all backgrounds for life as well as vocation, for citizenship, for service to all peoples. An Online MBA is also offered in collaboration with Eastern Mennonite University, graduate courses in education are offered leading to licensure and endorsements. Bluffton University is accredited by The Higher Learning Commission, a member of the North Central Association, students at Bluffton are not proctored during exams. Instead, students are on their honor not to cheat and to any students who do to the instructor. Students are expected to write the honor pledge on their exams, the honor system was created in 1918 by chemistry professor H. W. Berky, who borrowed the idea from his undergraduate education at Princeton University. The spirit of the system is supposed to pervade every area of campus life. Can be completed in three years* Entering first-year student average GPA is a 3.2, Entering first-year student average ACT is a 22. Students in top 10% of high class is 14%. Students in top 25% of high class is 36%. First to second year retention rate is 70% and it has been a member of the Council for Christian Colleges and Universities since 1991. The Mennonite church is an Anabaptist denomination committed to nonviolence, social justice, however, since its founding, Bluffton has been open to non-Mennonites. In fact, members of the Mennonite denomination now make up a minority of students, historian Perry Bush, in his centennial history of the college, argues that Blufftons distinctive religious orientation has been to avoid both secularization and generic American evangelicalism. While many other denominational colleges adopted the latter, Bluffton leaders and they refused to treat peace and service as if they were add-ons, nonessentials, extra-chrome options. Christs theological and ethical teachings were all of one piece, Mennonites have insisted, evidence of this focus can be found in the high percentage of Bluffton graduates, devoting lives to service occupations, teaching, medicine, social work, church ministry, and the like. Residential and intimate in nature, the Bluffton University campus is situated on 234 wooded acres in the northwest Ohio village of Bluffton, the village of Bluffton, a Swiss-German community founded in 1861, is a thriving, friendly rural community with a population of approximately 4,000. Bluffton offers dining, shopping, a hospital, movie theatre, bowling, golf, an airport, main Street offers a variety of interesting shops, including a full service quilt shop and a hardware store
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Malone University
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Malone University is a private, liberal arts college located in Canton, Ohio, United States. It was founded in 1892 by Walter and Emma Malone as a small, the institution has always maintained a close relationship with the Religious Society of Friends. Malone University holds an affiliation with the Evangelical Friends Church - Eastern Region, though all employees, staff, and faculty of the university are required to sign a statement of faith, Malone students are not required to profess any religious persuasion. The Graduate School also has a professional development center that offers workshops. Regionally, U. S. Statewide, Malone appears on the list of colleges offering the best lifetime return on investment in Ohio, Malone University was founded in 1892, in Cleveland, Ohio, as Cleveland Bible College by Quaker religious leaders J. Walter and Emma Malone. It was established to train people for inner-city ministry and social service in the Quaker tradition. After beginning with small gains, the school eventually became synonymous with service to the Cleveland community at beginning of the 20th century, growing substantially with every new year. It was originally located at 3201 Euclid Avenue in downtown Cleveland but was forced to relocate in 1956 after the state took the property for constructing Interstate 90. Faced with the decision to stay in Cleveland or move, the board of trustees decided on Canton. A thriving industrial city at the time, Canton was the only city in the country with a population over 100,000 to not have an institution of higher education. At the time of relocation the board chose to change the name of the school to Malone College, in honor of the schools founders, J. Walter. It was also at the time of the move that the school began expanding its academic programs, in February 2008, the Malone College board of trustees voted unanimously to rebrand as Malone University. The move to a university reflected a transition that had capped off in 1999, the rebranding process took place under the leadership of then-president Gary Streit. Since becoming a university in 2008, Malone has experienced growth in not only in academic offerings, in 2009, the university completed construction on its newest residential hall, Blossom Hall. The residence facility was named in honor of long-time philanthropist and former president of the Cleveland Orchestra, the university currently sits on 96 acres and enrolls 2,083 undergraduate and 476 graduate students from 33 states and 17 countries. There are four colleges and schools within the university, though these schools have undergone much expansion since Malone rebranded as a university in 2008, each school has operated independently since the late 1990s. Malone University offers Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science degree programs in more than 80 areas of concentration, in addition to the universitys 80 academic majors, the institution offers 40 academic minors. The average class size is 22 with a student-faculty ratio of 14,1, Malones residential population consistently hovers around 1,200
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Maranatha Baptist University
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Not to be confused with Maranatha Baptist Bible College in India or Maranatha College in Idaho. For other uses of Maranatha, see Maranatha, the college records more than 4,000 graduates since its founding. Maranatha was chartered by the State of Wisconsin in 1968, the current president is Dr. Marty Marriott, who began his duties during the Spring semester of 2010 and was installed on March 18,2010. On December 13,2013, Marriott announced that Maranatha had changed its name to Maranatha Baptist University to reflect what Maranatha is and has been for many years. ”Wisconsin Governor Scott Walker spoke at an assembly on February 5th 2015. Maranatha is regionally accredited by the North Central Association of the Higher Learning Commission, the teacher education programs at the school are recognized by the Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction for purposes of teacher certification. The Nursing Department is approved by the Wisconsin State Board of Nursing Department, construction of Old Main was started in 1873 and completed in four phases over the course of 21 years. Originally home to Sacred Heart College, the building was purchased from the Brothers of Holy Cross by B. Myron Cedarholm in 1968 and it now houses three floors of classrooms, administrative offices, Maranatha Baptist Academy, and two fine arts performance halls. The 40, 568-square-foot Dining Complex was completed in 2005, and it seats almost 400 in a variety of seating arrangements. It also has classrooms, two computer labs, and wireless networking. Opened in 1996, the Cedarholm Library has resources for research, a web-based OPAC, computer-equipped workstations, a media center, and instructional material curriculum are some of the resources available. The Gymnasium houses Maranathas athletic facilities, including two gymnasiums, a room, fitness area, trainer and faculty offices, several locker room facilities. The main gymnasium also doubles as an auditorium, which is used for chapel services, special meetings, drama performances. Named after the late Robert Hanneman, Jr. a potato geneticist at the University of Wisconsin and friend of the college, Hanneman Hall houses Maranathas nursing program and science department. Maranatha has five mens and five womens dormitories, Spurgeon, Judson, Leland, Armitage, and Carey are the halls, while Day, Weeks, Melford, Hilsen. Maranathas mission is preparing leaders to serve locally and internationally To the Praise of His Glory. ”The schools mission and doctrinal statements are the foundations of its Guiding Core Values, fidelity, learning, integrity, charity, leadership, unity, balance, family, and excellence. Maranatha’s academic philosophy combines a Bible college environment with an arts focus. The school incorporates an academic program with a traditional independent fundamental Baptist philosophy, students take 24 hours of Bible credits and 31 hours of liberal arts credits in addition to program requirements for majors and minors. Students can graduate with a blend of Bible credits, liberal arts courses
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Georgetown College
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Georgetown College is a small, private, Christian liberal arts college located in Georgetown, Kentucky, United States. Chartered in 1829, Georgetown College was the first Baptist college west of the Allegheny Mountains, with a low student-to-faculty ratio of 13-to-1, the college offers many undergraduate degrees and a Master of Arts in Education. Georgetown College is located in the Bluegrass region of Central Kentucky,12 miles north of Lexington, KY, approximately 70 miles east of Louisville, KY, and 75 miles south of Cincinnati, Ohio. Georgetown College traces its roots to Royal Springs Academy, a school founded by Baptist minister Elijah Craig in Georgetown in 1787. The institution was renamed Rittenhouse Academy in 1798 as part of a grant agreement, and was led by Barton Stone. The academy declined and closed by 1829, in 1829, the Kentucky General Assembly chartered the Kentucky Baptist Education Society with the purpose of establishing a Baptist college in the state. Twenty-four trustees under the leadership of Silas Noel selected the town of Georgetown as the site for the new school, Georgetown was selected because the community agreed to raise $20,000 and to donate the assets of the recently closed Rittenhouse Academy. Georgetown College overcame numerous difficulties in its early years, the first president hired for the college in 1829, William D. Staughton, died before assuming his duties. The second president, Rev. Joel Smith Bacon, stayed two years, fighting court cases to release funding for the college before leaving out of frustration, the funds were not released until 1836, when Benjamin Franklin Farnsworth became the third president hired. By then there was a struggle in progress, Farnsworth had been hired by the Baptists to frustrate the Campbellites who were attempting to take control of the college. After the Campbellites founded a college only blocks away, Farnsworth found his attempts to build up Georgetown College stymied. In 1838, Rev. Rockwood Giddings became the president hired for the college. During his short tenure, Giddings began construction on Recitation Hall and he made many other advances that put the college on sound footing. Giddings died of exhaustion after a year in office and was replaced by Rev. Howard Malcolm in 1840, Malcolm oversaw the completion of the construction of the building, now known as Giddings Hall. He also expanded the educational offerings beyond the classics and encouraged the founding of literary societies and he resigned in 1849 when his anti-slavery vote at Kentuckys third constitutional convention resulted in much criticism from slavery proponents and a threat on his life. As the student population grew, the administration sought out ways to diversify the campus, in 2005, Georgetown College and the Kentucky Baptist Convention redefined their formal relationship. With the approval of the new agreement by the Convention, the college reverted to its arrangement with Kentucky Baptists. Under a 1942 agreement, the Convention chose the colleges trustees, the colleges board submitted candidates to the Conventions Committee on Nominations and delegates to the annual meeting of the Convention elected them
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Sam Cooper (American football)
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Samuel VanVoorhis Cooper was an American football tackle who played one season in the National Football League with the Pittsburgh Pirates. He played college football at Geneva College and he attended Monongahela High School and graduated from Mars High School in Mars, Pennsylvania. After playing in the NFL, Cooper went on to become superintendent of a home, a teacher, coach. He also worked at a company and operated a farm with his wife
