In 1235–1236, Mongol forces, unlike their first raid in 1221, appeared with the sole purpose of conquest and occupation of Kingdom of Georgia and easily overran the already devastated kingdom. Queen R
The Armenian Shahnshah Zakarian, mandaturtukhutsesi (grand master of ceremonies) at the Georgian court, participated in the negotiations.
Ani
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Ani is a ruined medieval Armenian city now situated in Turkey's province of Kars, next to the closed border with Armenia.
Church of the Holy Apostles and Church of Saint Gregory of Abughamrentz, Ani
Bas-relief of a leopard with a cross above it from the gates of Ani, believed to be the symbol of the city or of the Bagratuni dynasty.
Relief from the fortress of Ani.
Tax charter of the Mongol Il-Khanate, in the Armenian language. Church of the Holy Apostles (arabesque gavit), 1276.