1.
Bellflower, California
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Bellflower is a city in Los Angeles County, California, and is a suburb of Los Angeles. It was incorporated on September 3,1957, as of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 76,616, up from 72,878 at the 2000 census. The city was founded by F. E. Woodruff in 1906, however, the Post Office Department rejected the name because there was a town named Somerset in Colorado. The present name is derived from the apple, which was grown in local orchards during the early 1900s. These farms were in turn divided up into large housing divisions for Los Angeless growing, White American population which worked in the regions high-tech, skilled industrial, and service positions. From the 1950s through the late 1960s, Bellflower Boulevard, the main thoroughfare, was a thriving commercial strip for shopping. It is sister cities with Los Mochis, Sinaloa, Mexico, Bellflower is located at 33°53′17″N 118°07′39″W. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 6.2 square miles. 6.1 square miles of it is land and 0.1 square miles of it is water. Bellflower is bordered by Downey on the north and northwest, Norwalk and Cerritos on the east, Lakewood on the south, Long Beach on the southwest, the 2010 United States Census reported that Bellflower had a population of 76,616. The population density was 12,416.7 people per square mile. The racial makeup of Bellflower was 32,337 White,10,760 African American,731 Native American,8,865 Asian,615 Pacific Islander,19,732 from other races, Hispanic or Latino of any race were 40,085 persons. The Census reported that 75,877 people lived in households,399 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, there were 1,666 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 170 same-sex married couples or partnerships. 4,618 households were made up of individuals and 1,540 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 3.21. There were 17,769 families, the family size was 3.67. The median age was 31.9 years, for every 100 females there were 94.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.6 males. There were 24,897 housing units at a density of 4,034.9 per square mile, of which 9,459 were owner-occupied
2.
Pop music
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Pop music is a genre of popular music that originated in its modern form in the United States and United Kingdom during the mid 1950s. The terms popular music and pop music are used interchangeably, although the former describes all music that is popular. Pop and rock were synonymous terms until the late 1960s, when they were used in opposition from each other. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music. Pop music is eclectic, and often borrows elements from other such as urban, dance, rock, Latin. Identifying factors include generally short to medium-length songs written in a format, as well as the common use of repeated choruses, melodic tunes. David Hatch and Stephen Millward define pop music as a body of music which is distinguishable from popular, jazz, according to Pete Seeger, pop music is professional music which draws upon both folk music and fine arts music. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music, the music charts contain songs from a variety of sources, including classical, jazz, rock, and novelty songs. Pop music, as a genre, is seen as existing and developing separately, pop music continuously evolves along with the terms definition. The term pop song was first recorded as being used in 1926, Hatch and Millward indicate that many events in the history of recording in the 1920s can be seen as the birth of the modern pop music industry, including in country, blues and hillbilly music. The Oxford Dictionary of Music states that while pops earlier meaning meant concerts appealing to a wide audience. Since the late 1950s, however, pop has had the meaning of non-classical mus, usually in the form of songs, performed by such artists as the Beatles. Grove Music Online also states that, in the early 1960s pop music competed terminologically with beat music, while in the USA its coverage overlapped with that of rock and roll. From about 1967, the term was used in opposition to the term rock music. Whereas rock aspired to authenticity and an expansion of the possibilities of music, pop was more commercial, ephemeral. It is not driven by any significant ambition except profit and commercial reward, and, in musical terms, it is essentially conservative. It is, provided from on high rather than being made from below, pop is not a do-it-yourself music but is professionally produced and packaged. The beat and the melodies tend to be simple, with limited harmonic accompaniment, the lyrics of modern pop songs typically focus on simple themes – often love and romantic relationships – although there are notable exceptions
3.
Country music
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Country music is a genre of United States popular music that originated in the southern United States in the 1920s. It takes its roots from the genre of United States, such as folk music. Blues modes have been used throughout its recorded history. The term country music is used today to many styles and subgenres. In 2009 country music was the most listened to rush hour radio genre during the evening commute, immigrants to the Southern Appalachian Mountains of North America brought the music and instruments of Europe and Africa along with them for nearly 300 years. Country music was introduced to the world as a Southern phenomenon, Bristol, Tennessee, has been formally recognized by the U. S. Congress as the Birthplace of Country Music, based on the historic Bristol recording sessions of 1927. Since 2014, the city has been home to the Birthplace of Country Music Museum, historians have also noted the influence of the less-known Johnson City sessions of 1928 and 1929, and the Knoxville sessions of 1929 and 1930. Prior to these, pioneer settlers, in the Great Smoky Mountains region, had developed a musical heritage. The first generation emerged in the early 1920s, with Atlantas music scene playing a role in launching countrys earliest recording artists. Okeh Records began issuing hillbilly music records by Fiddlin John Carson as early as 1923, followed by Columbia Records in 1924, many hillbilly musicians, such as Cliff Carlisle, recorded blues songs throughout the 1920s. The most important was the Grand Ole Opry, aired starting in 1925 by WSM in Nashville, during the 1930s and 1940s, cowboy songs, or Western music, which had been recorded since the 1920s, were popularized by films made in Hollywood. Bob Wills was another musician from the Lower Great Plains who had become very popular as the leader of a hot string band. His mix of country and jazz, which started out as dance hall music, Wills was one of the first country musicians known to have added an electric guitar to his band, in 1938. Country musicians began recording boogie in 1939, shortly after it had played at Carnegie Hall. Gospel music remained a component of country music. It became known as honky tonk, and had its roots in Western swing and the music of Mexico. By the early 1950s a blend of Western swing, country boogie, rockabilly was most popular with country fans in the 1950s, and 1956 could be called the year of rockabilly in country music. Beginning in the mid-1950s, and reaching its peak during the early 1960s, the late 1960s in American music produced a unique blend as a result of traditionalist backlash within separate genres
4.
Adult contemporary music
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Adult contemporary is rather a continuation of the easy listening and soft rock style that became popular in the 1960s and 1970s with some adjustments that reflect the evolution of pop/rock music. Adult contemporary tends to have lush, soothing and highly polished qualities where emphasis on melody and it is usually melodic enough to get a listeners attention, and is inoffensive and pleasurable enough to work well as background music. Like most of pop music, its songs tend to be written in a basic format employing a verse–chorus structure, the format is heavy on romantic sentimental ballads which mostly use acoustic instruments such as acoustic guitars, pianos, saxophones, and sometimes an orchestral set. The electric guitars are normally faint and high-pitched, however, recent adult contemporary music may usually feature synthesizers. An AC radio station may play mainstream music, but it excludes hip hop, dance tracks, hard rock, and some forms of teen pop, as these are popular among adults. AC radio often targets the 25–44 age group, the demographic that has received the most attention from advertisers since the 1960s, a common practice in recent years of adult contemporary stations is to play less newer music and more hits of the past. This de-emphasis on new songs slows the progression of the AC chart, over the years, AC has spawned subgenres including hot AC, soft AC, urban AC, rhythmic AC, and Christian AC. Some stations play only hot AC, soft AC, or only one of the variety of subgenres, therefore, it is not usually considered a specific genre of music, it is merely an assemblage of selected tracks from musicians of many different genres. Adult contemporary traces its roots to the 1960s easy listening format, a few offered 90% instrumentals, and a handful were entirely instrumental. Billboard first published the Easy Listening chart July 17,1961, with 20 songs, the chart described itself as not too far out in either direction. Initially, the vocalists consisted of such as Frank Sinatra, Doris Day, Johnny Mathis, Connie Francis, Nat King Cole, Perry Como. The custom recordings were usually instrumental versions of current or recent rock and roll or pop hit songs, some stations would also occasionally play earlier big band-era recordings from the 1940s and early 1950s. After 1965, differences between the Hot 100 chart and the Easy Listening chart became more pronounced, better reflecting what middle of the road stations were actually playing, the composition of the chart changed dramatically. As rock music continued to harden, there was much less crossover between the Hot 100 and Easy Listening chart than there had been in the half of the 1960s. Roger Miller, Barbra Streisand and Bobby Vinton were among the charts most popular performers and these middle of the road stations also frequently included older, pre-rock-era adult standards and big band titles to further appeal to adult listeners who had grown up with those songs. Another big impetus for the evolution of the AC radio format was the popularity of easy listening or beautiful music stations, stations with music specifically designed to be purely ambient, hard rock had been established as a mainstream genre by 1965. From the end of the 1960s, it common to divide mainstream rock music into soft and hard rock. Soft rock was often derived from rock, using acoustic instruments and putting more emphasis on melody
5.
Singing
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Singing is the act of producing musical sounds with the voice, and augments regular speech by the use of sustained tonality, rhythm, and a variety of vocal techniques. A person who sings is called a singer or vocalist, Singers perform music that can be sung with or without accompaniment by musical instruments. Singing is often done in an ensemble of musicians, such as a choir of singers or a band of instrumentalists, Singers may perform as soloists, or accompanied by anything from a single instrument up to a symphony orchestra or big band. Singing can be formal or informal, arranged or improvised and it may be done as a form of religious devotion, as a hobby, as a source of pleasure, comfort, or ritual, as part of music education, or as a profession. Excellence in singing requires time, dedication, instruction, and regular practice, if practice is done on a regular basis then the sounds can become more clear and strong. Professional singers usually build their careers around one specific genre, such as classical or rock. They typically take voice training provided by teachers or vocal coaches throughout their careers. Though these four mechanisms function independently, they are coordinated in the establishment of a vocal technique and are made to interact upon one another. During passive breathing, air is inhaled with the diaphragm while exhalation occurs without any effort, exhalation may be aided by the abdominal, internal intercostal and lower pelvis/pelvic muscles. Inhalation is aided by use of external intercostals, scalenes and sternocleidomastoid muscles, the pitch is altered with the vocal cords. With the lips closed, this is called humming, humans have vocal folds which can loosen, tighten, or change their thickness, and over which breath can be transferred at varying pressures. The shape of the chest and neck, the position of the tongue, any one of these actions results in a change in pitch, volume, timbre, or tone of the sound produced. Sound also resonates within different parts of the body and an individuals size, Singers can also learn to project sound in certain ways so that it resonates better within their vocal tract. This is known as vocal resonation, another major influence on vocal sound and production is the function of the larynx which people can manipulate in different ways to produce different sounds. These different kinds of function are described as different kinds of vocal registers. The primary method for singers to accomplish this is through the use of the Singers Formant and it has also been shown that a more powerful voice may be achieved with a fatter and fluid-like vocal fold mucosa. The more pliable the mucosa, the more efficient the transfer of energy from the airflow to the vocal folds, Vocal registration refers to the system of vocal registers within the voice. A register in the voice is a series of tones, produced in the same vibratory pattern of the vocal folds
6.
Songwriter
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A songwriter is an individual who writes the lyrics, melodies and chord progressions for songs, typically for a popular music genre such as rock or country music. A songwriter can also be called a composer, although the term tends to be used mainly for individuals from the classical music genre. The pressure from the industry to produce popular hits means that songwriting is often an activity for which the tasks are distributed between a number of people. For example, a songwriter who excels at writing lyrics might be paired with a songwriter with a gift for creating original melodies, pop songs may be written by group members from the band or by staff writers – songwriters directly employed by music publishers. Some songwriters serve as their own publishers, while others have outside publishers. The old-style apprenticeship approach to learning how to write songs is being supplemented by university degrees and college diplomas, a knowledge of modern music technology, songwriting elements and business skills are necessary requirements to make a songwriting career in the 2010s. Several music colleges offer songwriting diplomas and degrees with music business modules, the legal power to grant these permissions may be bought, sold or transferred. This is governed by international copyright law, song pitching can be done on a songwriters behalf by their publisher or independently using tip sheets like RowFax, the MusicRow publication and SongQuarters. Skills associated with song-writing include entrepreneurism and creativity, songwriters who sign an exclusive songwriting agreement with a publisher are called staff writers. In the Nashville country music scene, there is a staff writer culture where contracted writers work normal 9-to-5 hours at the publishing office and are paid a regular salary. This salary is in effect the writers draw, an advance on future earnings, the publisher owns the copyright of songs written during the term of the agreement for a designated period, after which the songwriter can reclaim the copyright. In an interview with HitQuarters, songwriter Dave Berg extolled the benefits of the set-up, unlike contracted writers, some staff writers operate as employees for their respective publishers. Under the terms of work for hire agreements, the compositions created are fully owned by the publisher. In Nashville, young writers are often encouraged to avoid these types of contracts. Staff writers are common across the industry, but without the more office-like working arrangements favored in Nashville. All the major publishers employ writers under contract, songwriter Allan Eshuijs described his staff writer contract at Universal Music Publishing as a starter deal. His success under the arrangement eventually allowed him to found his own publishing company, so that he could. keep as much as possible, songwriters are also often skilled musicians. In addition to selling their songs and musical concepts for other artists to sing, songwriters need to create a number of elements for a song
7.
Acting
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Acting involves a broad range of skills, including a well-developed imagination, emotional facility, physical expressivity, vocal projection, clarity of speech, and the ability to interpret drama. Acting also demands an ability to employ dialects, accents, improvisation, observation and emulation, mime, many actors train at length in specialist programmes or colleges to develop these skills. The vast majority of actors have undergone extensive training. Actors and actresses will often have many instructors and teachers for a range of training involving singing, scene-work, audition techniques. Most early sources in the West that examine the art of acting discuss it as part of rhetoric, one of the first actors is believed to have been an ancient Greek called Thespis of Icaria. Writing two centuries after the event, Aristotle in his Poetics suggests that Thespis stepped out of the dithyrambic chorus, when Thespis stepped out from the chorus, he spoke as if he was the character. To distinguish between different modes of storytelling—enactment and narration—Aristotle uses the terms mimesis and diegesis. From Thespis name derives the word thespian, a professional actor is someone who is paid to act. Professional actors sometimes undertake unpaid work for a variety of reasons, amateur actors are those who do not receive payment for performances. Not all people working as actors in film, television, or theatre are professionally trained, bob Hoskins, for example, had no formal training before becoming an actor. Conservatories and drama schools typically offer two- to four-year training on all aspects of acting, universities mostly offer three- to four-year programs, in which a student is often able to choose to focus on acting, whilst continuing to learn about other aspects of theatre. Other approaches may include a more physically based orientation, such as that promoted by practitioners as diverse as Anne Bogart, Jacques Lecoq, Jerzy Grotowski. Classes may also include psychotechnique, mask work, physical theatre, improvisation, regardless of a schools approach, students should expect intensive training in textual interpretation, voice, and movement. Applications to drama programmes and conservatories usually involve extensive auditions, anybody over the age of 18 can usually apply. Training may also start at a young age. Acting classes and professional schools targeted at under-18s are widespread and these classes introduce young actors to different aspects of acting and theatre, including scene study. Increased training and exposure to public speaking allows humans to maintain calmer, by measuring a public speaker’s heart rate maybe one of the easiest ways to judge shifts in stress as the heart rate increases with anxiety. As actors increase performances, heart rate and other evidence of stress can decrease and this is very important in training for actors, as adaptive strategies gained from increased exposure to public speaking can regulate implicit and explicit anxiety
8.
Marty Robbins
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Martin David Robinson, known professionally as Marty Robbins, was an American singer, songwriter, actor, multi-instrumentalist, and racing driver. Robbins was born in Glendale, a suburb of Phoenix in Maricopa County and his mother was mostly of Paiute Indian heritage. Robbins was reared in a family situation. His father took odd jobs to support the family of 10 children, among his warmer memories of his childhood, Robbins recalled having listened to stories of the American West told by his maternal grandfather, Texas Bob Heckle, who was a local medicine man. Robbins left the home at 17 to serve in the United States Navy as an LCT coxswain during World War II. He was stationed in the Solomon Islands in the Pacific Ocean, to pass the time during the war, he learned to play the guitar, started writing songs, and came to love Hawaiian music. After his discharge from the military in 1947, he began to play at venues in Phoenix, then moved on to host his own show on KTYL. After Little Jimmy Dickens made a guest appearance on Robbins TV show, Robbins became known for his appearances at the Grand Ole Opry in Nashville, Tennessee. In 1980, he appeared on the PBS music program Austin City Limits during Season 5, in addition to his recordings and performances, Robbins was an avid race car driver, competing in 35 career NASCAR Grand National races with six top-10 finishes, including the 1973 Firecracker 400. In 1967, Robbins played himself in the car racing film Hell on Wheels, Robbins was partial to Dodges prepared by NASCAR Hall-of-Famer Cotton Owens, and owned and raced Chargers and then a 1978 Dodge Magnum. He was also the driver of the 60th Indianapolis 500 Buick Century pace car in 1976 and his last race was in a Junior Johnson-built 1982 Buick Regal in the Atlanta Journal 500 on November 7,1982, a month before his death. Robbins had a history of cardiovascular disease, after his third heart attack on December 2,1982, he underwent quadruple coronary bypass surgery. He did not recover and died six days later on December 8,1982 at St. Thomas Hospital in Nashville, Robbins was awarded an honorary degree by Northern Arizona University. Robbins 1957 recording of A White Sport Coat and a Pink Carnation sold over one million copies and his musical accomplishments include the Grammy Award for his 1959 hit and signature song El Paso, taken from his album Gunfighter Ballads and Trail Songs. El Paso was the first song to hit No.1 on the pop chart in the 1960s. It was followed up, successfully, by Dont Worry, which reached No.3 on the pop chart in 1961, becoming his third, El Paso was followed by one prequel and one sequel, Feleena and El Paso City. Also in 1961, Robbins wrote the words and music and recorded I Told the Brook, Robbins decided to keep it in the final version. The song reached No.1 on the chart
9.
Sammy Davis Jr.
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Samuel George Sammy Davis Jr. was an American entertainer. Primarily a dancer and singer, he was also an actor of stage and screen, comedian, musician, at the age of 3, Davis began his career in vaudeville with his father and Will Mastin as the Will Mastin Trio, which toured nationally. After military service, Davis returned to the trio, Davis became an overnight sensation following a nightclub performance at Ciros after the 1951 Academy Awards. With the trio, he became a recording artist, in 1954, he lost his left eye in a car accident, and several years later, he converted to Judaism. Daviss film career began as a child in 1933, in 1960, he appeared in the Rat Pack film Oceans 11. After a starring role on Broadway in 1956s Mr Wonderful, he returned to the stage in 1964s Golden Boy, in 1966 he had his own TV variety show, titled The Sammy Davis Jr. Show. Daviss career slowed in the late 1960s, but he had a hit record with The Candy Man in 1972 and became a star in Las Vegas, earning him the nickname Mister Show Business. Davis was a victim of racism throughout his life, particularly during the pre-Civil Rights era, Davis had a complex relationship with the black community, and drew criticism after publicly supporting President Richard Nixon in 1972. One day on a course with Jack Benny, he was asked what his handicap was. This was to become a comment, recounted in his autobiography. After reuniting with Sinatra and Dean Martin in 1987, Davis toured with them and Liza Minnelli internationally and he died in debt to the Internal Revenue Service, and his estate was the subject of legal battles. Davis was awarded the Spingarn Medal by the NAACP and was nominated for a Golden Globe Award and he was the recipient of the Kennedy Center Honors in 1987, and in 2001, he was posthumously awarded the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. During his lifetime, Davis stated that his mother was Puerto Rican, as an infant, he was reared by his paternal grandmother. When he was 3 years old, his parents separated and his father, not wanting to lose custody of his son, took him on tour. Davis learned to dance from his father and his uncle Will Mastin, Davis joined the act as a child and they became the Will Mastin Trio. Throughout his career, Davis included the Will Mastin Trio in his billing, Mastin and his father shielded him from racism. Snubs were explained as jealousy, for instance, when Davis served in the United States Army during World War II, however, he was confronted by strong racial prejudice. He later said, Overnight the world looked different and it wasnt one color any more
10.
Child actor
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Closely associated is teenage actor or teen actor, an actor who reached popularity as a teenager. Many child actors find themselves struggling to adapt as they become adults, in the United States, the activities of child actors are regulated by the governing labor union, if any, and state and federal laws. Some projects film in remote locations specifically to evade regulations intended to protect the child, longer work hours or risky stunts prohibited in California, for example, might be permitted to a project filming in British Columbia. US federal law specifically exempted minors working the Entertainment Business from all provisions of the Child Labor Laws, any regulation of child actors is governed by disparate state law. Due to the presence of the entertainment industry in California. Being a minor, an actor must secure an entertainment work permit before accepting any paid performing work. The child does his/her schoolwork under the supervision of a teacher while on the set. Many child actors never got to see the money they earned because they were not in charge of this money, jackie Coogan earned millions of dollars from working as a child actor only to see most of it squandered by his parents. In 1939, California weighed in on this controversy and enacted the Coogan Law which requires a portion of the earnings of a child to be preserved in a savings account called a blocked trust. Some people also criticize the parents of actors for allowing their children to work. The child actor may experience unique and negative pressures when working under tight production schedules, large projects which depend for their success on the ability of the child to deliver an effective performance add to the pressure. Many actors careers are short-lived and this is true of child actors. Peter Ostrum, for example, is now a successful large-animal veterinarian after a starring role in Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory, shirley Temple became a public figure and diplomat. Jenny Lewis, formerly of Troop Beverly Hills, is a indie rock musician. In Poland, child actor identical twin brothers Lech and Jarosław Kaczyński became very successful politicians, at one time Lech being President, there are child actors who have achieved successful thespian careers into adulthood. V. In many cases, the failure to retain stardom and success and exposure at a young age has caused many child actors to lead adult lives plagued by troubles, bankruptcy. Examples include the cast members of the American sitcom Diffrent Strokes, which starred child actors Todd Bridges, Gary Coleman, Plato went on to pose for Playboy magazine and was featured in several softcore pornography films. She was arrested twice for armed robbery and forging prescriptions, and died in May 1999 from an overdose of prescription medication, Coleman famously sued his parents for misuse of his trust fund and, although awarded over $1,000,000, filed for bankruptcy in 1999
11.
The Brady Bunch Hour
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The series starred the original cast members of The Brady Bunch, with the exception of Eve Plumb, who was replaced by Geri Reischl. The show began as a 60-minute special titled The Brady Bunch Variety Hour on November 28,1976, the shows events are not included or mentioned in the later Brady Bunch revival series and TV reunion movies. When the family is chosen to star in a new variety series for ABC, Mike Brady gives up his architectural career, in addition to the Brady clan, next-door-neighbor Jack Merrill frequently finds his way into the act and is a love interest for the Bradys maid, Alice. Each episode features the obligatory variety show song-and-dance numbers and sketches, Robert Reed as Mike Brady Florence Henderson as Carol Brady Ann B. Four cast members were booked and when the show aired on October 8,1976 it was a ratings success, both parties eventually gave their approval of the new series, mainly as a way to keep interest in the original series. The variety hour remains the only Brady project to not have Schwartzs involvement during production, although Robert Reeds dissatisfaction with other Brady Bunch incarnations has become legendary, he quickly signed on to star in the variety show. We joked that it was the first time any of us could remember him wanting to do something Brady-related, recalled Maureen McCormick. The Brady Bunch Hour was incredibly bad, Barry Williams once wrote, when Williams asked him why, Reed stated, Ive studied voice and dancing. Im terrible at both, and it proved to be true, but when Sid and Marty met with me, they described the whole thing in very positive terms and I thought, What fun. Quipped McCormick, He sang and danced without caring that he was lousy and his inner Dorothy had found her calling. Maureen McCormick was excited at the prospect of singing and working with the Krofft brothers and it didnt work out that way, Knight later said, and I learned one of lifes lessons—always get it in writing. Mike Lookinland was uncomfortable dancing and had no desire to do the show, to his surprise, this resulted in an increased salary for each cast member. Ann B. Davis had left Hollywood in 1974 and was working as a volunteer in a house in Denver. Originally, no one thought to include Davis, but at the last minute the crew decided to offer her a guest-starring role, which she retained throughout all nine episodes of the series. The producers made a deal which allowed her to be on the set only a few days a week so she could commute to Denver, contrary to popular belief, Eve Plumb was originally slated to appear in the variety hour. I wanted to do the show but there was an option for thirteen more shows and possibly five years. Plumb agreed to appear in five of the thirteen planned episodes, in late October 1976, producers scrambled to find a replacement and met with over 1500 hopefuls, eventually settling on Geri Reischl to fill the void. Reischl, who had extensive singing experience, auditioned several times, reischls costars made her feel at home, but because of the recasting, Reischl was later dubbed Fake Jan, a moniker which she has openly embraced
12.
The Sound of Music
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The Sound of Music is a musical with music by Richard Rodgers, lyrics by Oscar Hammerstein II and a book by Howard Lindsay and Russel Crouse. It is based on the memoir of Maria von Trapp, The Story of the Trapp Family Singers. Set in Austria on the eve of the Anschluss in 1938, the tells the story of Maria. She falls in love with the children, and eventually their widowed father and he is ordered to accept a commission in the German navy, but he opposes the Nazis. He and Maria decide on a plan to flee Austria with the children, many songs from the musical have become standards, such as Edelweiss, My Favorite Things, Climb Evry Mountain, Do-Re-Mi, and the title song The Sound of Music. The original Broadway production, starring Mary Martin and Theodore Bikel, opened in 1959 and won five Tony Awards, including Best Musical, the first London production opened at the Palace Theatre 1961. The show has enjoyed numerous productions and revivals since then and it was adapted as a 1965 film musical starring Julie Andrews and Christopher Plummer, which won five Academy Awards. The Sound of Music was the last musical written by Rodgers and Hammerstein, the producers originally envisioned a non-musical play that would be written by Lindsay and Crouse and that would feature songs from the repertoire of the Trapp Family Singers. Then they decided to add a song or two, perhaps by Rodgers and Hammerstein. But it was agreed that the project should feature all new songs. Details of the history of the von Trapp family were altered for the musical, the real Georg von Trapp did live with his family in a villa in Aigen, a suburb of Salzburg. He wrote to the Nonnberg Abbey in 1926 asking for a nun to help tutor his daughter. His wife had died in 1922, the real Maria and Georg married at the Nonnberg Abbey in 1927. Lindsay and Crouse altered the story so that Maria was governess to all of the children, whose names and ages were changed, the von Trapps spent some years in Austria after Maria and the Captain married and was offered a commission in Germanys navy. Since Von Trapp opposed the Nazis by that time, the family left Austria after the Anschluss, going by train to Italy and then traveling on to London and the United States. To make the more dramatic, Lindsay and Crouse had the family, soon after Marias. In Salzburg, Austria, just before World War II, nuns from Nonnberg Abbey sing the Dixit Dominus, one of the postulants, Maria Rainer, is on the nearby mountainside, regretting leaving the beautiful hills where she was brought up. The Mother Abbess and the other nuns consider what to do about her, Maria explains her lateness, saying she was raised on that mountain, and apologizes for singing in the garden without permission
13.
Patrice Munsel
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Patrice Munsel was an American coloratura soprano. Nicknamed Princess Pat, she was the youngest singer to ever star at the Metropolitan Opera, an only child, Patrice Beverly Munsil was born and raised until age 15 in Spokane, Washington. Her father, Audley J. Munsil, was a local dentist and she attended Lewis and Clark High School before leaving at age fifteen, accompanied by her mother, to study in New York City, coached by Giacomo Spadoni. Munsel first sang at the Metropolitan at age 17 in March 1943 and she made her official Metropolitan debut on December 4,1943, aged 18, singing Philine in Mignon, for which won popular praise but poor critical reviews. Her first opera contract was for three years at $40,000 per year, with other appearances she was making around $100,000 annually, perhaps best known for the role of Adele in Die Fledermaus, she performed 225 times at the Metropolitan Opera. Sir Rudolf Bing called her a superb soubrette and implied that she was the worlds best and her opera roles included Rosina in The Barber of Seville and Despina in Cosi fan Tutte. Schuler conceived and produced the ABC-TV primetime variety series The Patrice Munsel Show, which starred his wife, Munsel appeared on many other TV shows during her career, including the role of Marietta in the January 15,1955 live telecast of the operetta Naughty Marietta. She portrayed the role in the 1953 film Melba, which chronicled the life of the great opera singer. Munsel made her performance for the Metropolitan Opera on January 28,1958. She appeared on stage as a guest during the 1966 Gala Farewell to the old house at Broadway. Munsel ended her career as a singer in 1981. She retired from performing in 2008, in 1952, Munsel married Robert C. Schuler, an advertising and public-relations executive, producer, and writer and they were married for 55 years, until his death at age 90 in 2007, and had four children, Heidi, Rhett, Scott, and Nicole. The younger two children were born prematurely, Munsel and Schuler co-wrote a 2005 memoir of Schulers life entitled The Diva & I. Munsel died on August 4,2016, at her home in Schroon Lake, New York, texaco Star Theater television appearance, youtube. com Looking back, Patrice Munsel, spokesman
14.
Anaheim, California
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Anaheim is a city in Orange County, California, part of the Los Angeles metropolitan area. As of the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 336,265, making it the most populous city in Orange County, Anaheim remained largely a rural community until Disneyland opened in the city in 1955. This led to the construction of hotels and motels around the area. The city also developed into a center, producing electronics, aircraft parts. Anaheims city limits extend from Cypress in the west to the Riverside County line in the east and encompass a diverse collection of neighborhoods, Anaheim Hills is a master-planned community located in the citys eastern stretches that is home to many of the citys affluent. Downtown Anaheim has three historic districts, the largest of which is the Anaheim Colony. The Anaheim Resort, a district, includes Disneyland, Disney California Adventure. The Platinum Triangle, a redevelopment district surrounding Angel Stadium, is planned to be populated with mixed-use streets. Finally, Anaheim Canyon is a district north of California State Route 91. Anaheims name is a blend of Ana, after the nearby Santa Ana River, and heim, the city of Anaheim was founded in 1857 by 50 German-Americans who were residents of San Francisco and whose families had originated in Rothenburg ob der Tauber, Franconia in Bavaria. For $750 a share, the formed the Anaheim Vineyard Company. Their new community was named Annaheim, meaning home by the Santa Anna River in German, the name later was altered to Anaheim. To the Spanish-speaking neighbors, the settlement was known as Campo Alemán, although grape and wine-making was their primary objective, the majority of the 50 settlers were mechanics, carpenters and craftsmen with no experience in wine-making. The community set aside 40 acres for a center and a school was the first building erected there. The first home was built in 1857, the Anaheim Gazette newspaper was established in 1870, for 25 years, the area was the largest wine producer in California. However, in 1884, a disease infected the grape vines, other crops – walnuts, lemons and oranges – soon filled the void. Fruits and vegetables had become viable cash crops when the Los Angeles – Orange County region was connected to the railroad network in 1887. The famous Polish actress Helena Modjeska settled in Anaheim with her husband and various friends, among them Henryk Sienkiewicz, Julian Sypniewski, while living in Anaheim, Helena Modjeska became good friends with Clementine Langenberger, the second wife of August Langenberger
15.
Mattel
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Mattel, Inc. is an American multinational toy manufacturing company founded in 1945 with headquarters in El Segundo, California. In 2014, it ranked #403 on the Fortune 500 list, in the early 1980s, Mattel produced video game systems, under both its own brands and under license from Nintendo. The company has presence in 40 countries and territories and sells products in more than 150 nations, the company operates through three business segments, North America, international, and American Girl. It is the worlds largest toy maker in terms of revenue, on January 17,2017 Mattel named Google executive Margaret Margo Georgiadis as its next CEO. The companys name is a portmanteau of those of Harold Matt Matson and Elliot Handler, Mattel Creations was founded in 1945 by Harold Matt Matson and Elliot Handler. The company initially sold picture frames, then dollhouse furniture, Matson soon sold his share to Handler due to poor health, and Handlers wife Ruth took over Matsons role. In 1947, the company had its first hit toy, a ukulele called Uke-A-Doodle, the company was incorporated the next year in California. Mattel became the first year-round sponsor of the Mickey Mouse Club TV series in 1955, the Barbie doll was introduced in 1959, becoming the companys best selling toy ever. In 1960, Mattel introduced Chatty Cathy, a doll that revolutionized the toy industry. The company went public in 1960 and was first listed on the New York Stock Exchange in 1963, Mattel also acquired a number of companies during the 1960s. In 1965, the built on its success with the Chatty Cathy doll to introduce the See n Say talking toy which spawned a line of products. Hot Wheels was first released to the market in 1968, in May 1970, Mattel formed a joint venture film production company, Radnitz/Mattel Productions, with producer Robert B. The Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus was purchased by the Mattel company in 1971 for $40 million from the Feld family, who were retained as management. Mattel had placed the circus corporation up for sale despite its profit contributions to Mattel by December 1973 as Mattel showed a $29.9 million loss in 1972. An investigation in 1974 concluded false and misleading financial reports had been issued, arthur S. Spear, a Mattel vice president was selected to run the company in 1975 and led it back to profitability in 1977. Ruth Handler sold back her stock in 1980, the Mattel Electronics line was started in 1977 with an all-electronic handheld game. The success of the led to the expansion of the line with game console then the line becoming its own corporation in 1982. Mattel Electronics forced Mattel to take a $394 million loss in 1983, in 1979, through Feld Productions, Mattel purchased the Holiday on Ice and Ice Follies for $12 million
16.
The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)
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The film stars Judy Garland as Dorothy Gale. Notable for its use of Technicolor, fantasy storytelling, musical score and it was nominated for six Academy Awards, including Best Picture, but lost to Gone with the Wind. It did win in two categories, including Best Original Song for Over the Rainbow and Best Original Score by Herbert Stothart. However, the film was a box office disappointment on its release, earning only $3,017,000 on a $2,777,000 budget. It was MGMs most expensive production at that time, and did not completely recoup the studios investment and turn a profit until theatrical re-releases starting in 1949. The film was named the most-viewed motion picture on television syndication by the Library of Congress, designation on the registry calls for efforts to preserve it for being culturally, historically, and aesthetically significant. It is also one of the few films on UNESCOs Memory of the World Register, the Wizard of Oz is often ranked on best-movie lists in critics and public polls. It is the source of many quotes referenced in popular culture. It was directed primarily by Victor Fleming, noel Langley, Florence Ryerson, and Edgar Allan Woolf received credit for the screenplay, but uncredited contributions were made by others. The songs were written by Edgar Yip Harburg and Harold Arlen, the musical score and the incidental music were composed by Stothart. The film begins in Kansas, which is depicted in a sepia tone, Dorothy Gale lives with her dog Toto on the farm of her Aunt Em and Uncle Henry. Dorothys dog gets in trouble with a neighbor, Miss Almira Gulch. However, Dorothys family and the farmhands are all too busy to pay attention to her, Miss Gulch arrives with permission from the sheriff to have Toto euthanized. She takes him away, but he escapes and returns to Dorothy and they meet Professor Marvel, a phony but kindly fortune teller, who realizes Dorothy has run away and tricks her via his crystal ball into believing that Aunt Em is ill so that she must return home. She races home just as a tornado strikes. Unable to get into her familys storm cellar, she seeks safety in her bedroom, a wind-blown window sash hits her in the head, knocking her out. The house is picked up and sent spinning in the air by the twister, the farmhouse crashes in Munchkinland in the Land of Oz, where the film changes to Technicolor. Glinda the Good Witch of the North and the Munchkins welcome her as their heroine, as the house has landed on and killed the Wicked Witch of the East, leaving only her stocking feet exposed
17.
Gunsmoke
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Gunsmoke is an American radio and television Western drama series created by director Norman Macdonnell and writer John Meston. The stories take place in and around Dodge City, Kansas, the central character is lawman Marshal Matt Dillon, played by William Conrad on radio and James Arness on television. When aired in the UK, the series was initially titled Gun Law. The radio series ran from 1952 to 1961, John Dunning wrote that among radio drama enthusiasts, Gunsmoke is routinely placed among the best shows of any kind and any time. The television series ran for 20 seasons from 1955 to 1975, at the end of its run in 1975, Los Angeles Times columnist Cecil Smith wrote, Gunsmoke was the dramatization of the American epic legend of the west. Our own Iliad and Odyssey, created from elements of the dime novel and the pulp western as romanticized by Buntline, Harte. It was ever the stuff of legend, robinson instructed his West Coast CBS Vice President, Harry Ackerman, who had developed the Philip Marlowe series, to take on the task. Ackerman and his scriptwriters, Mort Fine and David Friedkin, created a script called Mark Dillon Goes to Gouge Eye based on one of their Michael Shayne radio scripts. Two auditions were created in 1949, CBS liked the Culver version better, and Ackerman was told to proceed. A complication arose, though, Culvers contract as the star of Straight Arrow would not allow him to do another Western series, the project was shelved for three years, when producer Norman Macdonnell and writer John Meston discovered it while creating an adult Western series of their own. Macdonnell and Meston wanted to create a radio Western for adults, in contrast to the prevailing juvenile fare such as The Lone Ranger, Gunsmoke was set in Dodge City, Kansas, during the thriving cattle days of the 1870s. Dunning notes, The show drew critical acclaim for unprecedented realism, the radio series first aired on CBS on April 26,1952 with the episode Billy the Kid, written by Walter Newman, and ended on June 18,1961. The show stars William Conrad as Marshal Matt Dillon, Howard McNear as Doc Charles Adams, Georgia Ellis as Kitty Russell, Dillon was played on radio by William Conrad and on TV by James Arness. Conrad was one of the last actors to audition for the role of Marshal Dillon, with a resonantly powerful and distinctive voice, Conrad was already one of radios busiest actors. Though Meston championed him, Macdonnell thought Conrad might be overexposed, during his audition, however, Conrad won over Macdonnell after reading only a few lines. Dillon as portrayed by Conrad was a lonely, isolated man, Macdonnell later claimed, Much of Matt Dillons character grew out of Bill Conrad. Meston relished the upending of cherished Western fiction clichés and felt that few Westerns gave any inkling of how brutal the Old West was in reality. Many episodes were based on mans cruelty to man and woman, inasmuch as the womans life
18.
The Interns (TV series)
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The Interns is an American medical drama series that aired on CBS from 1970 to 1971. It was based on the 1962 film The Interns and the 1964 sequel The New Interns, the stories centered on the activities of Dr. Peter Goldstone and five medical interns at New North Hospital in Los Angeles. The series dealt with issues of the day including the racism faced by one of the African American interns, the other interns consisted of a newlywed, two bachelors, and a female. The Interns at the Internet Movie Database The Interns at TV. com
19.
Apple's Way
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Apples Way is a television comedy-drama series which aired Sundays at 7,30 pm on CBS from 1974 to 1975. It was created by Earl Hamner, Jr, the Apples, a family from Los Angeles, seek refuge from the hectic pace of city living and relocate to the fathers hometown of Appleton, Iowa, which was founded by the fathers ancestors. The Apples included George, an architect who relocated from Los Angeles, his wife, Barbara, their children, Paul, Cathy, Steven and Patricia, there they had to adjust to new culture, the climate, and the pace of life. The family lived in a working grist mill, which served as a backdrop for the played out on screen. While meaning well, George would often increase his familys tensions by getting involved with various causes, the series did not gain the ratings CBS had hoped for, partly because it had to compete with NBCs Top 20 hit The Wonderful World of Disney. The concept was re-booted in the season to focus on plots that dealt more with general social issues as opposed to the more rural-specific plots of the first season. The second season was produced by successful veteran producer-writer John Furia, the series was canceled during its second season
20.
Splatter film
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A splatter film or gore film is a subgenre of horror film that deliberately focuses on graphic portrayals of gore and graphic violence. These films, through the use of effects, display a fascination with the vulnerability of the human body. The term splatter cinema was coined by George A, in recent years, the use of graphic violence in cinema has been labeled torture porn or gorno. By contrast, films such as Braindead, Evil Dead II and to some extent Dawn of the Dead, splatter films, according to film critic Michael Arnzen, self-consciously revel in the special effects of gore as an artform. There is also an emphasis on visuals, style and technique, where most horror films have a tendency to re-establish the social and moral order with good triumphing over evil, splatter films thrive on a lack of order. Arnzen argues that the spectacle of violence replaces any pretentions to narrative structure, the splatter film has its aesthetic roots in French Grand Guignol theatre, which endeavored to stage realistic scenes of blood and carnage for its patrons. In 1908, Grand Guignol made its first appearance in England, although the gore was downplayed in favor of a more Gothic tone, the first appearance of gore—the realistic mutilation of the human body—in cinema can be traced to D. W. Several of Griffiths subsequent films, and those of his contemporary Cecil B, perhaps the most explicitly violent film of this era was Nobuo Nakagawas Jigoku, which included numerous scenes of flaying and dismemberment in its depiction of the Buddhist underworld Naraka. Splatter came into its own as a subgenre of horror in the early 1960s with the films of Herschell Gordon Lewis in the United States. Eager to maintain a niche, Lewis turned to something that mainstream cinema still rarely featured, scenes of visceral. In 1963, he directed Blood Feast, widely considered the first splatter film, in the 15 years following its release, Blood Feast took in an estimated $7 million. It was made for an estimated $24,500, Blood Feast was followed by two more gore films by Herschell Gordon Lewis, Two Thousand Maniacs. and Color Me Blood Red. The popularity of the film in the 1970s was met with strong reactions in the US. This resulted in the banning of many splatter films, which were deemed video nasties in the British press. Some splatter directors have gone on to produce mainstream hits, peter Jackson started his career in New Zealand by directing the splatter movies Bad Taste and Braindead. These films featured such over-the-top gore that it became a comedic device and these comedic gore films have been dubbed splatstick, defined as physical comedy that involves dismemberment. Splatstick seems to be common in Japan, with the examples of Robogeisha, Tokyo Gore Police. Splatter films have pioneered techniques used in other genres, for example, the popular 1999 film The Blair Witch Project is similar to the 1980 film Cannibal Holocaust
21.
The Brotherhood of Satan
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The Brotherhood of Satan is a 1971 American low-budget horror film written, produced and starring L. Q. Jones. It was directed by Bernard McEveety and also stars Strother Martin, Ben, his girlfriend Nicky, and Bens young daughter K. T. are driving through the American Southwest to K. T. s grandmothers house for a birthday celebration. They come upon an accident in the town of Hillsboro, and when they attempt to report it, they meet the local sheriff, his assistant Tobey, Doc Duncan. These locals explain the events in the town which involve several murders, the inability of the people to leave the town. A local coven of elderly Satanists have been taking the children and they use their supernatural abilities to kill anyone who interferes by turning the childrens toys into instruments of murder. The priest figures out that the coven is taking the children, however, he sees the murder of a man trying to find his son, Joey. He goes crazy, turning into a blubbering mess, the people searching for the children, Sheriff, Tobey, Nicky and Ben, cant find Doc Duncan, and search his house. They find the toy came to life and killed Joeys father. It is a knight on horseback, and there is blood on the tiny sword and they show the priest the toy and he starts to scream. They take the toy away and try to open a locked door, the camera flashes from the searchers struggling to open the door and the covern members being willingly slain. When they finally open the door, they see the children staring back at them and they are in a practically empty room, with the children, a table, dolls that resemble some of the black-cloaked coven members and a music box. The children continue to stare at the people and the camera pans to an empty. The screen goes dark, and bright pink gothic words show up, saying, Come in, the Brotherhood of Satan was filmed in Albuquerque, New Mexico. A book adaptation, titled The Brotherhood of Satan, by L. Q. Jones was published by Universal-Award in 1980, the Brotherhood of Satan was released on VHS in 1986 by RCA/Columbia Pictures Home Video. A DVD version was released in 2002 by Columbia TriStar Home Entertainment ISBN 0-7678-8253-9), the industrial dance group, My Life With The Thrill Kill Kult, sampled The Brotherhood of Satan in the song Rivers of Blood, Years of Darkness from their 1990 Confessions of a Knife album
22.
I Dismember Mama
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I Dismember Mama, also known as Poor Albert and Little Annie and Crazed, is a 1972 horror film about a violent sex criminal with a fixation on his mother. During its original release, patrons were given free paper Up Chuck Cups with the purchase of a ticket. The title is a pun on the famous play I Remember Mama, Albert has tried to kill his rich snobbish mother once, for which he was institutionalized. The low security hospital she has sent him to, however, obsessed with his own hatred for his mother, Albert is dangerously violent toward all women and attacks a nurse, after which his doctor decides to send him to a high-security state institution. Albert easily escapes by murdering an orderly, and the police put his mother in hiding after he phones her, unfortunately, when Albert returns to his mothers home, he finds her housekeeper Alice, whom he tortures and murders. Albert reverts to a persona and they immediately form a friendship, playing games, talking. Albert takes Annie on a day of doing activities like riding paddleboats and a train. Albert considers Annie to be a woman, and he truly loves her. When his sexual attraction to her manifests itself while she is sleeping, instead Albert goes out and picks up a woman in a bar and his bizarre sadism comes out again and he murders the woman, but Annie wakes up and sees it happening. She screams and escapes out of a window, climbing down the escape with Albert chasing after her. They run into a factory, where Annie attempts to hide among the figures. Albert sees her though and envisions her wearing makeup like a harlot, when he attempts to kill her with a cleaver, Annie defends herself by holding one of the mannequins in front of herself. She pushes Albert backwards and he falls out of a fourth story window onto the concrete below, the police arrive moments later and comfort Annie, while Albert lies dying on the ground. TV Guide panned the film calling the films production shabby but also noted that actor Zooey Halls performance as Albert as interesting, on this theme Muir wrote, I Dismember Mama makes one feel dirty about watching because its main concern is not just violence, but sex. The film makes it plain that Albert sees little Annie as a sexual conquest. List of American films of 1972 I Dismember Mama at the Internet Movie Database I Dismember Mama at AllMovie I Dismember Mama at Rotten Tomatoes
23.
Jan Brady
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The following is a list and description of the primary characters from the classic American television series The Brady Bunch. The characters also appeared in all subsequent reunions, remakes, Michael Paul Mike Brady, portrayed by Robert Reed in the TV show and Gary Cole in movies, is the male head of the Brady household. In episode #4 of The Bradys, Hat in the Ring, Mike, a widowed architect, brought three sons to his marriage with Carol Martin and became the stepfather to her three daughters. He was named Father of the Year by a newspaper after his stepdaughter Marcia submitted an essay in his honor. The characters parents were mentioned but never seen, but his paternal grandfather. Shortly into the season, Mike Brady grew his hair into a longer. Mike had a firm personal integrity coupled with a sense of ethics. The writers imply that Mike Brady is a highly qualified and well-respected architect. His failures tended to be successes, for instance, in A Very Brady Christmas, contractor Ted Roberts fires Mike when he refuses to cut corners and take out important safety provisions. Mike, however, is proven right when the structure begins to crumble. In the episode How to Succeed in Business, Mike acknowledges that he has lost jobs. This is to reassure his son Peter that failure and getting fired are a part of life, Mike was one of the staff architects with the firm he worked at, the name was never mentioned in the series, and Mr. Ed Phillips was his boss. By the time A Very Brady Christmas and The Bradys aired, both Gene Hackman and Jeffrey Hunter were considered for the role of Mike Brady. Hackman was Sherwood Schwartzs first choice, but was rejected by Paramount for not having enough experience, Jeffrey Hunter approached Schwartz to play Mike Brady, but Schwartz felt Hunter was too attractive to play a down-to-earth architect. In 2004, TV Guide ranked him number 14 on its 50 Greatest TV Dads of All Time list. Caroline Carol Ann Brady - f/k/a Caroline Martin, née Caroline Ann Tyler, portrayed by Florence Henderson in the TV series, at the beginning of the pilot, her last name is Martin from her first marriage, during which she had had three daughters. She gains three stepsons when she marries Mike Brady, Carol enjoys singing in the church choir, and with her daughter Marcia in the high school Family Frolic Talent Show. In the episode A Fistful of Reasons, in which Cindy is bullied because of her lisp, Carol confesses that she too overcame a lisp while growing up in Swampscott, Massachusetts
24.
Kathy Hilton
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Kathy Hilton is an American actress, fashion designer and philanthropist. She is the mother of socialite Paris Hilton and fashion designer Nicky Hilton, Hilton is the daughter of Kathleen Mary and Laurence K. Avanzino. Her paternal grandfather was of Italian descent and she also has Irish and Scottish ancestry. Hilton also has five paternal half-siblings from her fathers remarriage and she graduated from a private high school in Los Angeles, where she became best friends with Michael Jackson. They remained close friends until his death in 2009, in 1968, Hilton began working as an actress, retiring in 1979. Notable appearances include Nanny and the Professor, Bewitched, Family Affair, Happy Days, The Rockford Files, on the May 13,2008 episode of The Young and the Restless, she made a guest appearance as herself. In 2005, she hosted the reality show, I Want To Be a Hilton on NBC and she also appeared on The World According to Paris in 2011. In the 1980s and early 1990s, Hilton operated her own gift and she debuted with 2002 merchandise sales on cable TVs QVC home shopping network. In 2007, she began selling a signature skincare line on HSN, since 2012, she has designed the Kathy Hilton Collection of party dresses, sold in four hundred stores worldwide, including Neiman Marcus, Saks Fifth Avenue and Nordstrom. She is known for her philanthropic endeavors, in 2007, she raised money for the Make-A-Wish Foundation, by asking celebrities to auction some of their belongings and donating the proceeds to them. In 2011, alongside her two daughters, she received an award from the Starlight Childrens Foundation at its A Stellar Night Gala in Century City and she met Richard Hilton at the age of fifteen. They have four children, daughters Paris Hilton and Nicky Hilton and sons Barron Nicholas Hilton II, Hilton has one grandchild, a daughter named Lily Grace Victoria Rothschild, who was born to their daughter Nicky and her husband James Rothschild in 2016. The couple resides in Bel Air, Los Angeles
25.
Mayfair High School
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Mayfair High School is a high school and middle school in the Bellflower Unified School District in the city of Lakewood, California. The school first opened in 1959, the student population is approximately 3616 in grades 7 through 12. The school mascot is the Monsoons and the logo is a vortex, School colors are white, blue, and grey. The school newspaper is called The Windjammer and the yearbook Tradewinds, the student population is approximately 3700+ in grades 7 through 12. Mayfair serves students in the cities of Lakewood, Bellflower, Mayfair is recognized as a California Distinguished School, the highest award a California high school can obtain. In 2001, Mayfair received the Golden Bell award from the California School Board Association for their Academy of Animation and Digital Art Program. Mayfair High School athletic teams participate in the Southern Section of CIF in the Suburban League with Cerritos, Artesia, La Mirada, Norwalk, Bellflower, the Monsoon athletic teams continue to be seen as dominant forces within the Suburban League. Charles L. Beck - Chief of the Los Angeles Police Department, geri Reischl - singer and actor best known for playing Jan Brady on The Brady Bunch Hour. Jay Gibbons - Major League Baseball outfielder, shaun Anthony Harris - Major League Soccer, professional soccer coach. Synyster Gates - lead guitarist of Avenged Sevenfold and owner of Syn Gates Clothing, michael Bragg - defensive back in the NFL and CPIFL, played CFB for Texas A&M University–Kingsville Josh Childress - former NBA basketball player for the Phoenix Suns. At Mayfair, Childress was selected as a McDonalds High School All-American, justin Turner - Utility Infielder for the Los Angeles Dodgers. Marque Richardson - USC alumni and an American actor/screenwriter, alterraun Verner - NFL cornerback Tony Burnett Mayfair High School -USC Trojans #34, San Diego Chargers, CFL Linebacker #26 Fou Fonoti - American football player Mayfair High School. Mayfair High School Accountability Report Card for 2003–2004
26.
The Facts of Life (TV series)
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The Facts of Life is an American sitcom and a spin-off of Diffrent Strokes that originally aired on NBC from August 24,1979, to May 7,1988, making it one of the longest-running sitcoms of the 1980s. The series focuses on Edna Garrett as she becomes a housemother at the fictional Eastland School, a spin-off of Diffrent Strokes, the series featured the Drummonds housekeeper, Edna Garrett as the housemother of a dormitory at Eastland School, a private all-girls school. The girls in her care included spoiled rich girl Blair Warner, the youngest, gossipy Dorothy Tootie Ramsey, the pilot for the show originally aired as the last episode of Diffrent Strokes first season and was called The Girls School. Mrs. Garrett agrees to help, puts on a successful play, Mrs. Garrett is asked to stay on as the new housemother but states she would rather remain working for the Drummonds at the end of the pilot. Following the pilot, the name of the school was changed to Eastland and characters were replaced, with Natalie, Cindy, although Kimberly Drummond is featured as a student at East Lake, her character did not cross over to the spinoff series with Mrs. Garrett. In the shows first season, episodes focus on the troubles of seven girls, with the action set in a large. Also appearing was the headmaster, Mr. Steven Bradley, and Ms. Emily Mahoney. Early episodes of the show revolve around a central morality-based or lesson teaching theme. Other season one episodes deal with issues including drug use, sex, eating disorders, parental relationships, four of the original actresses—Julie Anne Haddock, Julie Piekarski, Felice Schachter, and Molly Ringwald —were written out of the show. Mr. Bradleys character was dropped and replaced with a generally unseen headmaster named Mr. Harris. And Mr. Parker for the rest of the series, in addition to being housemother to the remaining girls, Mrs. Garrett became the school dietitian as the second season began. Jo Polniaczek, a new student originally from the Bronx, arrived at Eastland on scholarship, a run-in with the law forced the four to be separated from the other girls and work in the cafeteria, living together in a spare room next to Mrs. Garretts bedroom. The season two premiere of the series saw an immediate ratings increase. By its third season, Facts of Life had become NBCs #1 comedy and #2 overall NBC program, beating out its predecessor, Diffrent Strokes, in 1983, Jo and Blair graduated Eastland Academy in the highly anticipated season four finale Graduation. To keep the four girls under one roof, the season five premiere Brave New World saw Mrs. Garrett go into business for herself. The four girls would come to live and work with Mrs. Garrett in this new refreshed space. In September 1985, NBC moved the seventh season of the series to its burgeoning Saturday night lineup at 8,30 p. m. as a lead-in for the new series The Golden Girls at 9,00 p. m. The follow-up episodes Into the Frying Pan and Grand Opening had the band together to rebuild the store with a pop culture-influenced gift shop
27.
General Mills
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General Mills, Inc. is an American multinational manufacturer and marketer of branded consumer foods sold through retail stores. It is headquartered in Golden Valley, Minnesota, a suburb of Minneapolis and its brand portfolio includes more than 89 other leading U. S. brands and numerous category leaders around the world. The company can trace its history to the Minneapolis Milling Company, cadwallader C. Washburn acquired the company shortly after its founding and hired his brother William D. Washburn to assist in the companys development. In 1866 the Washburns got into the business themselves, building the Washburn B Mill at the falls, at the time, the building was considered to be so large and output so vast that it could not possibly sustain itself. However, the company succeeded, and in 1874 he built the even bigger Washburn A Mill, in 1877 the mill entered a partnership with John Crosby to form the Washburn-Crosby Company, producing Winter Wheat Flour. That same year Washburn sent William Hood Dunwoody to England to open the market for spring wheat, Dunwoody was successful and became a silent partner. In 1878 the A mill was destroyed in a flour dust explosion along with five nearby buildings, the ensuing fire led to the death of 18 workers. Construction of a new mill began immediately, not only was the new mill safer but it also was able to produce a higher quality flour after the old grinding stones were replaced with automatic steel rollers, the first ever used. In 1880 Washburn-Crosby flour brands won gold, silver and bronze medals at the Millers International Exhibition in Cincinnati, in 1924 the company stepped in to take over a failing Twin Cities radio station, WLAG, renaming it WCCO. General Mills itself was created in June 1928 when Washburn-Crosby President James Ford Bell directed his company to merge with 26 other mills, in 1928, General Mills acquired the Wichita Mill and Elevator Company of the industrialist Frank Kell of Wichita Falls, Texas. With the sale, Kell acquired cash plus stock in the corporation, the coupons and the catalog were discontinued by the company in 2006. A similar program, Box Tops for Education, in which coupon icons clipped off various General Mills products can be redeemed by schools for cash, General Mills became the sponsor of the popular radio show The Lone Ranger in 1941. The show was brought to television, and, after 20 years. Beginning in 1959, General Mills sponsored the Rocky and His Friends television series, until 1968, Rocky and Bullwinkle were featured in a variety of advertisements for General Mills. General Mills was also a sponsor of the Saturday-morning cartoons from the Total TeleVision productions studio, the company also was a sponsor of the ABC western series The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp, starring Hugh OBrian. In 1946 General Mills established their Aeronautical Research Division with chief engineer Otto C and this division developed high altitude balloons in conjunction with the United States Navy Office of Naval Research, such as the Skyhook balloon. The General Mills Electronics division developed the DSV Alvin submersible, which is notable for being used in investigating the wreck of the Titanic among other deep-sea exploration missions, the first venture General Mills took into the toy industry was in 1965. The company bought Rainbow Crafts, which was the manufacturer of Play-Doh, General Mills purchase of the company was substantial because it brought production costs down and tripled the revenue
28.
United Service Organizations
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The United Service Organizations Inc. is a nonprofit organization that provides programs, services and live entertainment to United States service members and their families. Since 1941, it has worked in partnership with the Department of Defense, relying heavily on contributions and on funds, goods. Although it is congressionally-chartered, it is not a government agency, the USO operates 160 centers worldwide. During World War II, the USO became the GIs home away from home and began a tradition of entertaining the troops that continues today. Involvement in the USO was one of the ways in which the nation had come together to support the war effort. After it was disbanded in 1947, it was revived in 1950 for the Korean War, during the Vietnam War, USOs were sometimes located in combat zones. The organization became famous for its live performances, called Camp Shows. Hollywood in general was eager to show its patriotism, and many celebrities joined the ranks of USO entertainers. They entertained in military bases at home and overseas, sometimes placing their own lives in danger, the USO has over 160 locations around the world in 14 countries and 27 states. Its motto is Until everyone comes home, the USO was founded in 1941 by Mary Ingraham in response to a request from President Franklin D. Roosevelt to provide morale and recreation services to U. S. uniformed military personnel. Roosevelt was elected as its honorary chairman and they were brought together under one umbrella to support U. S. troops. Roosevelt said he wanted these private organizations to handle the on-leave recreation of the men in the armed forces. According to historian Emily Yellin, The government was to build the buildings, the first national campaign chairman was Thomas Dewey, who raised $16 million in the first year. The second chairman was future senator Prescott Bush, the USO was incorporated in New York on February 4, with the first facility erected in DeRidder, Louisiana,1941. More USO centers and clubs opened around the world as a “Home Away from Home” for GIs. The USO club was a place to go for dances and social events, for movies and music, for a place to talk or write a letter home, or for a free cup of coffee. The USO also brought Hollywood celebrities and volunteer entertainers to perform for the troops, according to movie historian Steven Cohan, most of all. In taking home on the road, it equated the nation with showbiz, USO camp shows were designed in their export to remind soldiers of home
29.
Knott's Berry Farm
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Knotts Berry Farm Buena Park is a 160-acre amusement park in Buena Park, California, owned by Cedar Fair. It was the twelfth most visited park in North America in 2015. The park features 39 rides including roller coasters, family rides, childrens rides, water rides, and historical rides, the theme park sits on the site of a former berry farm established by Walter Knott, Cordelia Knott, and their family. Beginning around 1920, the Knott family sold berries, berry preserves, in 1934, the Knotts began selling fried chicken dinners in a tea room on the property, and the Knotts built several shops and other attractions to entertain visitors. In 1940, Walter Knott began constructing a replica Ghost Town on the property, Knott added several other attractions over the years, and began charging admission to the attractions in 1968. In 1983, Knotts Berry Farm added Camp Snoopy, which began the parks present-day association with the Peanuts characters, Cedar Fair has continued to expand the theme park, adding Knotts Soak City in 1999 and adding new rides to the original park. The theme park sits on the site of a berry farm established by Walter Knott. Beginning around 1920, the Knott family sold berries, berry preserves, in 1934, the Knotts began selling fried chicken dinners in a tea room on the property, later called Mrs. Knotts Chicken Dinner Restaurant. The dinners soon became a major tourist draw, and the Knotts built several shops, in 1940, Walter Knott began constructing a replica Ghost Town on the property, the beginning of the present-day theme park. The idea of an amusement park really picked up in the 1950s when Walter Knott opened a summer-long county fair, in 1968, for the first time, an admission price was required to get into the park, originally set at 25 cents. The Calico log ride was added in 1969, on April 12,1974, Cordelia Knott died. Sky Tower was built to support two attractions, the Parachute Sky Jump and the Sky Cabin, Parachute Sky Jump boarded one or two standing riders anticipating the thrill of the drop into baskets beneath a faux parachute canopy. From the top, eight arms supported the cable tracks of wire rope which lifted the baskets. The Sky Cabin ringed the support pole with a floor of seats that are enclosed behind windows. The Sky Cabin ring revolves slowly as it rises to the top, Sky Cabin is very sensitive to weather and passenger motion, such as walking, which is prohibited during the trip. During winds 25 mph+ or rain it is closed, one or two riders straddled each Indian motorcycle attraction vehicle. The tubular steel monorail track closely followed dips and bumps in the road, Gasoline Alley, an electric steel-guiderail car ride below, was built together and intimately intertwined, which enhanced ride-to-ride interaction thrill value. Motorcycle Chase/Wacky Soap Box Racers was removed 1996 for a dueling loop coaster Windjammer Surf Racers and now Xcelerator, on December 3,1981, Walter Knott died, survived by his children who would continue to operate Knotts as a family business for another fourteen years
30.
Caesars Entertainment Corporation
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Caesars Entertainment Corporation, is an American gaming corporation based in Paradise, Nevada that owns and operates over 50 casinos and hotels, and seven golf courses under several brands. It is the fourth-largest gaming company in the world, with revenues of $8.6 billion. Caesars is a company, majority-owned by a group of private equity firms led by Apollo Global Management. Caesarss largest operating unit filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in January 2015, the companys background can be traced to October 29,1937, when Bill Harrah opened a small bingo parlor in Reno, Nevada, a predecessor to Harrahs Reno. In 1955, he expanded to Stateline, Nevada, on the shore of Lake Tahoe. Harrahs Inc. made its public offering in 1971. Following that in 1972, it was listed on the American Stock Exchange and in 1973, Bill Harrah died on June 30,1978 of complications from aortic aneurysm and cardiac surgery at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. In February 1980, Holiday Inns acquired Harrahs, Inc. for $300 million, liquidation of Harrahs collection of almost 7,000 antique automobiles reportedly returned the full purchase price of the company to Holiday Inn. In July 1987, Bills Casino Lake Tahoe opened, Harrahs Laughlin opened in August 1988. The company now known as Caesars Entertainment was formed in 1990 as The Promus Companies, which retained only the Holiday Inn assets. The next year, the headquarters moved from Reno to Memphis, Tennessee In April 1992. The late 1980s and early 1990s saw an increase in gambling markets with the growth of Indian gaming. In 1993 and 1994, the company opened Harrahs Joliet, Harrahs Vicksburg, Harrahs Tunica, Harrahs Black Hawk, Harrahs Central City, Harrahs Shreveport, Harrahs North Kansas City, and Harrahs Ak-Chin. In 1995, Promus decided to spin off its non-gaming hotel businesses, Promus Hotel Corp. was established, holding Embassy Suites, Hampton Inn, and Homewood Suites, while the parent company, holding 16 casinos, was renamed as Harrahs Entertainment. In 1997, Harrahs launched its Total Gold loyalty program, developed at a cost of $20 million. It was the first gaming company to offer a systemwide comps program, allowing points earned at one casino to be redeemed for goods, the system would be credited as a major driver of Harrahs growth over the coming years. Harvard Business School professor Gary Loveman joined Harrahs as chief operating officer in 1998, in 1999, the company moved its headquarters from Memphis to Las Vegas. Harrahs made its largest single expansion in 2005, when it acquired Caesars Entertainment, negotiations were spurred on by news of a merger agreement between MGM Mirage and Mandalay Resort Group
31.
North Hollywood, Los Angeles
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North Hollywood is a neighborhood in the San Fernando Valley region of the city of Los Angeles. It is home to the NoHo Arts District and the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences, there is a municipal park and a recreation center. The neighborhood is an important transportation center, and it is also a place where many people have lived or worked. North Hollywood was established by the Lankershim Ranch Land and Water Company in 1887 and it was first named Toluca before being renamed Lankershim in 1896 and finally North Hollywood in 1927. It is not contiguous with Hollywood, being separated by parts of the San Fernando Valley. In 2008, the city estimated that the population had increased to 87,241, in 2000 the median age for residents was 30, considered an average age for city and county neighborhoods, the percentage of residents aged 19 to 34 was among the countys highest. The neighborhood was considered moderately diverse ethnically within Los Angeles, the breakdown was Latinos,57. 7%, whites, 27%, Asians,5. 7%, blacks,5. 6%, and others, 4%. Mexico and El Salvador were the most common places of birth for the 46. 4% of the residents who were born abroad—a high percentage for Los Angeles, the percentages of never-married men and never-married women were among the countys highest. The median yearly income in 2008 dollars was $42,791, considered average for the city. The percentages of households that earned $40,000 or less were high for the county, renters occupied 75. 4% of the housing stock, and house- or apartment-owners held 24. 6%. North Hollywood is bordered on the north by Sun Valley and on the northeast and east by Burbank, Toluca Lake borders North Hollywood on the southeast and south, and Studio City abuts it on the southwest. It is flanked by Valley Village and Valley Glen on the west, North Hollywood was once part of the vast landholdings of the Mission San Fernando Rey de España, which was confiscated by the government during the Mexican period of rule. A group of investors assembled as the San Fernando Farm Homestead Association purchased the half of the Rancho Ex-Mission San Fernando. The leading investor was Isaac Lankershim, a Northern California stockman and grain farmer, in 1873, Isaac Lankershims son and future son-in-law, James Boon Lankershim and Isaac Newton Van Nuys, moved to the San Ferndando Valley and took over management of the property. Van Nuys thought the property could profitably grow wheat using the dryland farming developed on the Great Plains. In time the Lankershim property, under its name, the Los Angeles Farming and Milling Company. Lankershim established a townsite which the residents named Toluca along the old road from Cahuenga Pass to San Fernando, the land boom of the 1880s went bust by the 1890s, but despite another brutal drought cycle in the late 1890s, the fruit and nut farmers remained solvent. The Toluca Fruit Growers Association was formed in 1894, the next year the Southern Pacific opened a branch line slanting northwest across the Valley to Chatsworth
32.
Lake Tahoe
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Lake Tahoe is a large freshwater lake in the Sierra Nevada of the United States. Lying at 6,225 ft, it straddles the border between California and Nevada, west of Carson City. Lake Tahoe is the largest alpine lake in North America, and its depth is 1,645 ft, making it the second deepest in the United States after Crater Lake in Oregon. The lake was formed about 2 million years ago as part of the Lake Tahoe Basin and it is known for the clarity of its water and the panorama of surrounding mountains on all sides. The area surrounding the lake is referred to as Lake Tahoe. More than 75% of the watershed is national forest land. Lake Tahoe is a major tourist attraction in both Nevada and California and it is home to winter sports, summer outdoor recreation, and scenery enjoyed throughout the year. Snow and ski resorts are a significant part of the areas economy, the Nevada side also offers large casinos, with highways providing year-round access to the entire area. It is about 22 mi long and 12 mi wide and has 72 mi of shoreline, approximately two-thirds of the shoreline is in California. Although highways run within sight of the shore for much of Tahoes perimeter. The Lake Tahoe Watershed of 505 sq mi includes the area that drains to the lake. Lake Tahoe is fed by 63 tributaries and these drain an area about the same size as the lake and produce half its water, with the balance entering as rain or snow falling directly on it. The Truckee River is the only outlet, flowing northeast through Reno, Nevada. It accounts for one third of the water leaves the lake. The flow of the Truckee River and the height of the lake are controlled by the Lake Tahoe Dam at the outlet, the natural rim is at 6,223 ft above sea level, with a spillway at the dam controlling overflow. The maximum legal limit, to which the lake can be allowed to rise in order to water, is at 6,229.1 ft. Around New Year 1996/1997 a Pineapple Express atmospheric river melted snow and caused the lake and river to overflow, inundating Reno, the Lake Tahoe Basin was formed by vertical motion faulting. Uplifted blocks created the Carson Range on the east and the main Sierra Nevada crest on the west, down-dropped blocks created the Lake Tahoe Basin in between
33.
Red Skelton
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Richard Bernard Red Skelton was an American entertainer. He was best known for his radio and television acts between 1937 and 1971, and as host of the television program The Red Skelton Show. Skelton began developing his comedic and pantomime skills from the age of 10 and he then spent time on a showboat, worked the burlesque circuit, then entered into vaudeville in 1934. The Doughnut Dunkers, a sketch of how different people ate doughnuts written by Skelton and his wife launched a career for him in vaudeville, in radio. Skeltons radio career began in 1937 with a guest appearance on The Fleischmanns Yeast Hour which led to his becoming the host of Avalon Time in 1938. He became the host of The Raleigh Cigarette Program in 1941 where many of his characters were created and had a regularly scheduled radio program until 1957. Skelton made his debut in 1938 alongside Ginger Rogers and Douglas Fairbanks. He was most eager to work in television, even when the medium was in its infancy, the Red Skelton Show made its television premiere on September 30,1951, on NBC. By 1954, Skeltons program moved to CBS, where it was expanded to one hour, despite high ratings, his television show was cancelled by CBS in 1970 as the network believed more youth-oriented programs were needed to attract younger viewers and their spending power. Skelton moved his program to NBC, where he completed his last year with a regularly scheduled show in 1971. After he no longer had a program, Skeltons time was spent making up to 125 personal appearances a year. Skeltons artwork of clowns remained a hobby until 1964 when his wife, Georgia, sales of his originals were successful and Skelton also sold prints and lithographs of them, earning $2.5 million yearly on lithograph sales. At the time of his death, his art dealer believed that Skelton had earned money through his paintings than from his television work. Skelton believed his lifes work was to make people laugh, he wanted to be known as a clown because he defined it as being able to do everything and he had a 70-year career as a performer and entertained three generations of Americans during this time. Born on July 18,1913, in Vincennes, Indiana, Richard Skelton was the fourth and youngest son of Ida Mae, Joseph, a grocer, died two months before Richard was born, he had once been a clown with the Hagenbeck-Wallace Circus. During Skeltons lifetime there was some dispute about the year of his birth, author Wesley Hyatt suggests that since he began working at such an early age, Skelton may have claimed he was older than he actually was in order to gain employment. Because of the loss of his father, Skelton went to work as early as the age of seven, selling newspapers and doing odd jobs to help his family. He quickly learned the newsboys patter and would keep it up until a prospective buyer bought a copy of the paper just to quiet him, when the man asked Skelton what events were going on in town, Skelton suggested he see the new show in town
34.
Montreal
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Montreal, officially Montréal, is the most populous municipality in the Canadian province of Quebec and the 2nd-most populous in Canada as a whole. Originally called Ville-Marie, or City of Mary, it is believed to be named after Mount Royal, the city has a distinct four-season continental climate, with warm-to-hot summers and cold, snowy winters. In 2016, Montreal had a population of 1,704,694, Montreals metropolitan area had a population of 4,098,927 and a population of 1,958,257 in the urban agglomeration, with all of the municipalities on the Island of Montreal included. Legally a French-speaking city,60. 5% of Montrealers speak French at home,21. 2% speak English and 19. 8% speak neither, Montreal is one of the most bilingual cities in Quebec and Canada, with 56% of the population able to speak both official languages. Montreal is the second-largest primarily French-speaking city in the world after Paris, historically the commercial capital of Canada, it was surpassed in population and economic strength by Toronto in the 1970s. It remains an important centre of commerce, aerospace, finance, pharmaceuticals, technology, design, education, culture, tourism, gaming, film, Montreal was also named a UNESCO City of Design. In 2009, Montreal was named North Americas leading host city for international events, according to the 2009 preliminary rankings of the International Congress. According to the 2015 Global Liveability Ranking by the Economist Intelligence Unit, in the 2017 edition of their Best Student Cities ranking, Quacquarelli Symonds ranked Montreal as the worlds best city to study abroad. Also, Montreal has 11 universities with 170,000 students enrolled, the Greater Montréal region has the highest number of university students per capita among all metropolitan areas in North America. It is the only Canadian city to have held the Summer Olympics, currently, the city hosts the Canadian Grand Prix of Formula One, the Montreal International Jazz Festival and the Just for Laughs festival. In 2012, Montreal was ranked as a Beta+ world city, in Kanien’kéha, or Mohawk language, the island is called Tiohtià, ke Tsi or Ka-wé-no-te. In Anishinaabemowin, or Ojibwe language, the land is called Mooniyaang, though the city was first named by French colonizers Ville Marie, or City of Mary, its current name comes from Mount Royal, the triple-peaked hill in the heart of the city. The most popular theory is that the name derives from Mont Réal, Cartiers 1535 diary entry, naming the mountain, according to the Commission de toponymie du Québec and the Geographical Names Board of Canada, Canadian place names have only one official form. Thus, Montreal is officially spelled with an accent over the e in both English and French. In practice, this is limited to governmental uses. English-speaking Montrealers, including English-language media, regularly omit the accent when writing in English, archaeological evidence demonstrates that First Nations native people occupied the island of Montreal as early as 4,000 years ago. By the year AD1000, they had started to cultivate maize, within a few hundred years, they had built fortified villages. Archeologists have found evidence of their habitation there and at locations in the valley since at least the 14th century
35.
Grand Ole Opry
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The Grand Ole Opry is a weekly country-music stage concert in Nashville, Tennessee, which was founded on November 28,1925, by George D. Hay as a one-hour radio barn dance on WSM, currently owned and operated by Opry Entertainment, it is the longest-running radio broadcast in US history, albeit not the longest-running one on a radio network. It attracts hundreds of thousands of visitors from around the world and millions of radio, the Oprys current primary slogan is The Show that Made Country Music Famous. Other slogans include Home of American Music and Country’s Most Famous Stage, in the 1930s the show began hiring professionals and expanded to four hours, and WSM, broadcasting by then with 50,000 watts, made the program a Saturday night musical tradition in nearly 30 states. In 1939, it debuted nationally on NBC Radio, the Opry moved to a permanent home, the Ryman Auditorium, in 1943. As it developed in importance, so did the city of Nashville, the Grand Ole Opry holds such significance in Nashville that its name is included on the city/county line signs on all major roadways. The signs read Music City|Metropolitan Nashville Davidson County|Home of the Grand Ole Opry, membership in the Opry remains one of country musics crowning achievements. Such country music legends as Hank Williams, Patsy Cline, Marty Robbins, Roy Acuff, since 1974, the show has been broadcast from the Grand Ole Opry House east of downtown Nashville, with an annual three-month winter foray back to the Ryman since 1999. Performances have been televised in addition to the radio programs. The Grand Ole Opry started as the WSM Barn Dance in the new radio studio of the National Life & Accident Insurance Company in downtown Nashville on November 28,1925. On October 18,1925, management began a program featuring Dr. Humphrey Bate, on November 2, WSM hired long-time announcer and program director George D. Hay launched the WSM Barn Dance with 77-year-old fiddler Uncle Jimmy Thompson on November 28,1925, judge Hay, however, liked the Fruit Jar Drinkers and asked them to appear last on each show because he wanted to always close each segment with red hot fiddle playing. They were the band accepted on Barn Dance, with the Crook Brothers being the first. When the Opry began having square dancers on the show, the Fruit Jar Drinkers always played for them, in 1926, Uncle Dave Macon, a Tennessee banjo player who had recorded several songs and toured the vaudeville circuit, became its first real star. The phrase Grand Ole Opry was first uttered on the air on December 10,1927, at the time, Barn Dance followed the NBC Red Networks Music Appreciation Hour, a program of classical music and selections from grand opera presented by classical conductor Walter Damrosch. On that particular night, Damrosch had remarked that there is no place in the classics for realism, in response, Opry presenter George Hay said, Friends, the program which just came to a close was devoted to the classics. Doctor Damrosch told us there is no place in the classics for realism. However, from here on out for the three hours, we will present nothing but realism
36.
Your Song
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Your Song is a ballad composed and performed by English musician Elton John with lyrics by his longtime collaborator Bernie Taupin. It originally appeared on Johns self-titled second album, the song was released in the United States in October 1970 as the B-side to Take Me to the Pilot. Both received airplay, but Your Song was preferred by disc jockeys and replaced Take Me to the Pilot as the A-side, in 1998, Your Song was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame. In 2003 the song was placed at number 468 on Rolling Stones list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time, a demo version was included in Johns 1990 box set album To Be Continued. The song has been covered by a number of artists, including Ellie Goulding, the instrumental focus is on Johns Leon Russell-influenced piano work, along with acoustic guitar, Paul Buckmasters string accompaniment, and a shuffling rhythm section. The lyrics express the thoughts of an innocent. Your Song was praised by critics upon its release and in subsequent years, bill Janovitz from AllMusic described it as a near-perfect song. There was something about his vocal that was an improvement on all of the English vocals until then, John Mendelsohn from Rolling Stone called the song a pretty McCartney-esque ballad. The song was Johns first pop hit and it rose to number eight on the Billboard Hot 100, and peaked at number seven on the UK Singles Chart. In 2002, John re-recorded the song as a duet with opera singer Alessandro Safina for the first Sport Relief charity telethon, in the US, it was certified Gold and Platinum on December 13,2012 by the RIAA on digital downloads. On March 31,2017 it was certified Gold by the British Phonographic Industry representing the sale of over 400,000 digital downloads, Credits adapted from the liner notes of Elton John. On 20 October 2001, John performed the song with Billy Joel at The Concert for New York City, in 2004, Daniel Bedingfield performed a cover of the song to Elton John at An Ivor Novello Tribute, Elton John. John performed Your Song to open the Concert for Diana on 1 July 2007, John and Lady Gaga performed a medley of Your Song with Gagas song Speechless at the 2010 Grammy Awards on 31 January. At the 2013 Grammy Awards, Colombian singer Juanes performed a rendition of Your Song. English singer and songwriter Rod Stewart covered Your Song for the tribute album Two Rooms and his version was released in 1992 as a double A-side single with Broken Arrow. European CD maxi single and UK12 single Your Song –4,47 Broken Arrow –4,11 Mandolin Wind –5,27 The First Cut Is the Deepest –3,52 UK and French 7 single A. Broken Arrow –4,11 English singer and songwriter Ellie Goulding covered Your Song for inclusion on the re-release of her debut album, produced by Ben Lovett of Mumford & Sons, it was released digitally on 12 November 2010 as the re-releases lead single. The song was featured in the Christmas 2010 television advert for department store chain John Lewis and she also performed the song on Saturday Night Live on 7 May 2011
37.
Geri Reischl
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Reischls first appearance was at the age of six playing Gretl in a production of The Sound of Music, starring Patrice Munsel, at the Melodyland Theatre in Anaheim, California. There, she was discovered by a talent agent who signed her and she was then signed to an exclusive contract with Mattel Toys until she was retired in 1971 by the company at the age of 11. During her career, Geri appeared in over 40 commercials, from 1979 to 1983, she appeared in a series of Wizard of Oz-themed commercials for the breakfast cereal Crispy Wheats-n-Raisins, in which she played Dorothy. On television, Reischl appeared on Gunsmoke, The Interns, Apples Way, in addition, Geri filmed a television pilot with Rene Simard entitled Rene and the Proteens. She went on to star in two low budget films, The Brotherhood of Satan and I Dismember Mama. Reischl is best known for portraying Jan Brady in nine episodes of The Brady Bunch Hour during the 1976–77 television season and her appearances as Jan have been referred to as Fake Jan. She was selected from over 1,500 girls, including Kathy Hilton, after The Brady Bunch Hour, Reischl went back to high school and after graduating she held a job in a doctors office while continuing to audition. Reischl was given the role of Blair Warner in the television pilot Garretts Girls, Reischl sang and played guitar in a California band by the name of Sand Dabs from 1974–76. She went on to perform at U. S. O, clubs, Magic Mountain, Knotts Berry Farm, the Harrahs Club, and with Marty Robbins at the Palomino Club of North Hollywood. She was one of Sammy Davis, Jr. s Kids in his Lake Tahoe night club act, in the summer of 1976, Reischl toured the United States and Montreal doing an act with Canadian singer René Simard. Because of her interest in music she made a guest appearance on the show Pop. Goes the Country in 1977 that was filmed at the Grand Ole Opry, Reischl released a re-recording of her Brady Bunch Hour performance of Your Song titled Fake Jan Sings for Real on September 25,2011. A studio album,1200 Riverside, was released later the year on November 1. Fake Jan Sings For Real 1200 Riverside Official website Website for 1200 Riverside Geri Reischl at the Internet Movie Database
38.
The Bold Ones: The New Doctors
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The Bold Ones, The New Doctors is an American medical drama that lasted for four seasons on NBC, from 1969 to 1973. Craig has enlisted two bold young medical executives, chief of surgery Dr. Ted Stuart and Paul Hunter, the character Dr. Stuart was later replaced by Dr. Cohen. The New Doctors was part of The Bold Ones, a series of dramas that also included The Protectors, The Lawyers. The New Doctors was the one of the four series to last for the entire run. David Hartman was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for portraying Paul Hunter on this show, together with his two assistants Dr. Paul Hunter and Dr. Ted Stuart, Dr. David Craig encounters an array of medical and psychosocial issues in his own exclusive clinic. The clinic utilizes then cutting edge treatments and is at the forefront of medical research, medical cases cover a broad spectrum, including organ transplants, mothers with post-partum depression, patients with psychogenic problems, and patients that are difficult to communicate with. Episodes were 60 minutes, and in cases, Craig becomes involved with patients stricken with rare diseases and unusual circumstances as occurred in later medical dramas such as House. The closing credits state that the story, techniques and equipment shown are based on developments at the frontiers of medicine. E. G. Marshall as Dr. David Craig, a neurosurgeon who has opened his own exclusive clinic called The David Craig Institute of New Medicine. John Saxon as Dr. Ted Stuart the chief of surgery at the clinic, David Hartman as Dr. Paul Hunter the Chief of Medicine at the clinic. Robert Walden as Dr. Martin Cohen, julie Adams as Mrs. Lynn Craig, Dr. David Craigs Wife. After the pilot episode, To Save a Life, the became a hit. The episode Five Days in the Death of Sgt, brown was a crossover with Ironside, that episode started in Ironside and ended in New Doctors. Both parts were syndicated as Ironside episodes, using the opening and closing credits from part one, on March 1,2016, Timeless Media Group will release The Bold Ones, The New Doctors- The Complete Series on DVD in Region 1 for the very first time. Norma Crane made two appearances playing different roles in the episodes, A Threatened Species and Crisis, linda Dangcil also made two appearances playing different roles in the episodes, A Matter of Priorities and To Save a Life
39.
The Mike Douglas Show
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The Mike Douglas Show is an American daytime television talk show hosted by Mike Douglas. Initially it aired only in the Cleveland, Ohio area during much of its first two years on the air, followed by expansion to Philadelphia and nationwide and it went into syndication in 1963 and remained on television until 1981. It was distributed by Westinghouse Broadcasting and for much of its run, the program premiered on KYW in Cleveland on December 11,1961, and featured a mix of light banter with guests and musical performances, along with more-serious interviews with prominent newsmakers. Joining Douglas as part of the lineup was the Ellie Frankel trio. Instead of a comedic monologue, Douglas, given his vocalist background. Each week would have a different co-host who would every day with Douglas. In addition, faulty microphones on the inaugural broadcast were coupled with equally problematic chairs that caused a pair of guests to fall off stage, the show was postponed until a representative for banning such books could be found. In February 1963, singer Barbra Streisand was the shows co-host, during that week, she was performing in a local club, and was asked by the club owner to promote her appearances on Douglas show each day. The reason given was because Cleveland newspapers were in the midst of a labor strike. Douglas later said that the station erased the videotapes of Streisands appearance, as most early television programs did, in September 1963, Douglas show was syndicated to four other television markets that had a Westinghouse-owned station, Pittsburgh, Boston, Baltimore and San Francisco. Less than one year later, the show had expanded to a total of 27 cities, on November 22,1963, Douglas was speaking with Federal Housing Administrator Robert C. Weaver, when station newscaster John Dancy interrupted the live broadcast by walking through the audience in order to give the first reports of the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, the show soon ended as NBC began its four-day coverage of the tragedy. With NBC moving back to Cleveland and KYW-TV Westinghouse moving to Philly, but it was the only real big moneymaker for Westinghouse at the time, so the Douglas show moved with KYW to eastern Pennsylvania in August. At first, it was broadcast from a small 140-seat basement studio located in the KYW-TV building at 1619 Walnut Street. It continued to be aired live until the year when Zsa Zsa Gabor called Morey Amsterdam a son of a bitch for interrupting her joke during the April 29,1966 program. After that, the program aired on a tape delay basis. Live broadcasts were attempted only on a few special occasions thereafter, future political consultant and Fox News Channel founder and CEO Roger Ailes served as producer, and then Executive Producer. It was while working on the show in 1967 that he met Richard Nixon with whom he had a discussion about television
40.
Donny & Marie (1976 TV series)
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Donny & Marie is an American variety show which aired on ABC from January 1976 to January 1979. The show starred brother-and-sister pop duo Donny and Marie Osmond, Donny had first become popular singing in a music group with his brothers, The Osmonds, and Marie was one of the youngest singers to reach #1 on the Billboard Country Music charts. Donny and Marie were the youngest entertainers in TV history to host their own variety show, a year later, The Keane Brothers would break this record. Donny & Marie was a Friday night show that consisted of an ice skating number intro, comedy skits, each episode concluded with a musical finale and a cascade of balloons from the ceiling, matched to the colors of the sets and costumes. Donny and Marie would then sing their closing song which was written by Alan Osmond. The show was shown in the UK on Sunday afternoon on BBC1, the shows popularity declined after it was revealed that teen heartthrob Donny was dating fellow Utahn Debbie Glenn, therefore taking him off the market of eligible bachelors. According to an edition of the VH1 series Behind the Music, the series also underwent a format change in the final season, eliminating segments such as the ice skaters and country/rock-n-roll segments in favor of more concert-style disco numbers. The variety show genre as a whole, at the time, was in decline. Donny and Marie joined together again in 1998 to co-host Donny & Marie, Donny & Marie dolls with an accompanying TV Studio play set were released in August 1976. A Donny & Marie wireless toy microphone was released in 1977, Donny & Marie at the Internet Movie Database Donny & Marie at TV. com Osmond. com - Donny & Marie feature
41.
International Standard Book Number
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The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an e-book, a paperback and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, the method of assigning an ISBN is nation-based and varies from country to country, often depending on how large the publishing industry is within a country. The initial ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering created in 1966, the 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108. Occasionally, a book may appear without a printed ISBN if it is printed privately or the author does not follow the usual ISBN procedure, however, this can be rectified later. Another identifier, the International Standard Serial Number, identifies periodical publications such as magazines, the ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 in the United Kingdom by David Whitaker and in 1968 in the US by Emery Koltay. The 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108, the United Kingdom continued to use the 9-digit SBN code until 1974. The ISO on-line facility only refers back to 1978, an SBN may be converted to an ISBN by prefixing the digit 0. For example, the edition of Mr. J. G. Reeder Returns, published by Hodder in 1965, has SBN340013818 -340 indicating the publisher,01381 their serial number. This can be converted to ISBN 0-340-01381-8, the check digit does not need to be re-calculated, since 1 January 2007, ISBNs have contained 13 digits, a format that is compatible with Bookland European Article Number EAN-13s. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an ebook, a paperback, and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, a 13-digit ISBN can be separated into its parts, and when this is done it is customary to separate the parts with hyphens or spaces. Separating the parts of a 10-digit ISBN is also done with either hyphens or spaces, figuring out how to correctly separate a given ISBN number is complicated, because most of the parts do not use a fixed number of digits. ISBN issuance is country-specific, in that ISBNs are issued by the ISBN registration agency that is responsible for country or territory regardless of the publication language. Some ISBN registration agencies are based in national libraries or within ministries of culture, in other cases, the ISBN registration service is provided by organisations such as bibliographic data providers that are not government funded. In Canada, ISBNs are issued at no cost with the purpose of encouraging Canadian culture. In the United Kingdom, United States, and some countries, where the service is provided by non-government-funded organisations. Australia, ISBNs are issued by the library services agency Thorpe-Bowker
42.
IMDb
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In 1998 it became a subsidiary of Amazon Inc, who were then able to use it as an advertising resource for selling DVDs and videotapes. As of January 2017, IMDb has approximately 4.1 million titles and 7.7 million personalities in its database, the site enables registered users to submit new material and edits to existing entries. Although all data is checked before going live, the system has open to abuse. The site also featured message boards which stimulate regular debates and dialogue among authenticated users, IMDb shutdown the message boards permanently on February 20,2017. Anyone with a connection can read the movie and talent pages of IMDb. A registration process is however, to contribute info to the site. A registered user chooses a name for themselves, and is given a profile page. These badges range from total contributions made, to independent categories such as photos, trivia, bios, if a registered user or visitor happens to be in the entertainment industry, and has an IMDb page, that user/visitor can add photos to that page by enrolling in IMDbPRO. Actors, crew, and industry executives can post their own resume and this fee enrolls them in a membership called IMDbPro. PRO can be accessed by anyone willing to pay the fee, which is $19.99 USD per month, or if paid annually, $149.99, which comes to approximately $12.50 per month USD. Membership enables a user to access the rank order of each industry personality, as well as agent contact information for any actor, producer, director etc. that has an IMDb page. Enrolling in PRO for industry personnel, enables those members the ability to upload a head shot to open their page, as well as the ability to upload hundreds of photos to accompany their page. Anyone can register as a user, and contribute to the site as well as enjoy its content, however those users enrolled in PRO have greater access and privileges. IMDb originated with a Usenet posting by British film fan and computer programmer Col Needham entitled Those Eyes, others with similar interests soon responded with additions or different lists of their own. Needham subsequently started an Actors List, while Dave Knight began a Directors List, and Andy Krieg took over THE LIST from Hank Driskill, which would later be renamed the Actress List. Both lists had been restricted to people who were alive and working, the goal of the participants now was to make the lists as inclusive as possible. By late 1990, the lists included almost 10,000 movies and television series correlated with actors and actresses appearing therein. On October 17,1990, Needham developed and posted a collection of Unix shell scripts which could be used to search the four lists, at the time, it was known as the rec. arts. movies movie database
