Giacomo Antonelli
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Giacomo Antonelli was an Italian Catholic prelate who served as Cardinal Secretary of State for the Holy See from 1848 until his death. He played a key role in Italian politics, resisting the unificat
Photograph taken c. 1867
Cardinal Antonelli in the 1870s
Pellegrino Rossi
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Pellegrino Luigi Odoardo Rossi was an Italian economist, politician and jurist. He was an important figure of the July Monarchy in France, and the minister of justice in the government of the Papal St
Giacomo Antonelli
…created for himself the governorship of the sacred palaces in order to retain constant access to and influence over the pope. After the assassination of Pellegrino Rossi (15 November 1848), he arranged the flight of Pius IX to Gaeta on 23 November. That year, the Papal States were overthrown by liberals and replaced by…
Rossi bridi
Murder of Pellegrino Rossi