1.
Michel Temer
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Michel Miguel Elias Temer Lulia is a Brazilian lawyer and politician who is the 37th and current President of Brazil. At 75 years, he is the oldest person to assume the office, on 31 August 2016, the Senate voted 61–20 to convict the impeached President Dilma Rousseff and remove her from office, allowing a political shift from a center-left to a center-right government. Temer succeeded to the presidency, to serve out what would have been the remainder of Rousseffs second term until 1 January 2019, in his first speech in office, Temer called for a government of national salvation and asked for the trust of the Brazilian people. He also signaled his intention to overhaul the system and labor laws. Born in Tietê, São Paulo, Temer is the son of Nakhoul Miguel Elias Temer Lulia and March Barbar Lulia and his parents, along with three older siblings, immigrated to Brazil from Btaaboura, in Northern Lebanon, to escape famine and instability due to World War I. In Brazil, his parents had five children, and Temer is the youngest. Temer does not speak fluent Arabic, but is able to understand the subject of a conversation in that language, in his childhood, Temer dreamed of being a pianist. His dream, however, could not be accomplished, as there were no teachers in his city. As a teenager, he wanted to be a writer, after failing chemistry and physics classes in his first year of high school, he gave up the curso científico, which prioritized hard sciences and math. In 1957, he moved to São Paulo to finish the school in the curso clássico. In 1959, he followed the footsteps of his four brothers and joined the Law School of the University of São Paulo. In his freshman year, he involved with politics by becoming a treasurer of the schools students union. In 1962, Temer ran for the presidency of the union, Temer stayed neutral before the 1964 coup détat. With the beginning of rule, he moved away from politics. In 1974, he completed a doctorate in law at the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo. Raised Maronite, an Eastern Catholic sui iuris church of the Roman Catholic Church. In 1968, Temer began lecturing on constitutional law at PUC-SP and he was also director of the Brazilian Institute Of Constitutional Law and member of the Ibero-American Institute of Constitutional Law. Temer published four works in constitutional law
2.
Dilma Rousseff
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Dilma Vana Rousseff is a Brazilian economist and politician who was the 36th President of Brazil from 2011 until her impeachment and removal from office on 31 August 2016. She is the first woman to have held the Brazilian presidency, the daughter of a Bulgarian immigrant, Rousseff was raised in an upper middle class household in Belo Horizonte. She became a socialist in her youth and after the 1964 coup détat joined left-wing, Rousseff was captured, tortured, and jailed from 1970 to 1972. After her release, Rousseff rebuilt her life in Porto Alegre with Carlos Araújo, both helped found the Democratic Labour Party in Rio Grande do Sul, and participated in several of the partys electoral campaigns. She became the secretary of Porto Alegre under Alceu Collares. In 2000, after a dispute in the Dutra cabinet, she left the PDT. In 2002, Rousseff joined the committee of energy policy advisors to presidential candidate Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva who won the election, Chief of Staff José Dirceu resigned in 2005, in a political crisis triggered by the Mensalão corruption scandal. Rousseff became chief of staff and remained in that post until 31 March 2010 and she was elected in a run-off on 31 October 2010, beating Brazilian Social Democracy Party candidate José Serra. On 26 October 2014 she won a narrow victory over Aécio Neves. Impeachment proceedings against Rousseff were officially accepted by the Chamber of Deputies on 3 December 2015, vice President Michel Temer assumed her powers and duties as Acting President of Brazil during her suspension. On 31 August 2016, the Senate voted 61–20 in favor of impeachment, finding Rousseff guilty of breaking budgetary laws and removing her from office. Dilma Vana Rousseff was born in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil, on 14 December 1947, to Bulgarian lawyer and entrepreneur Pedro Rousseff and schoolteacher Dilma Jane da Silva. Her father was born in Gabrovo, in the Principality of Bulgaria, as an active member of the Bulgarian Communist Party, banned in 1924, Petar Rusev fled Bulgaria in 1929 to escape political persecution, he settled in France. He arrived in Brazil in the 1930s, already widowed, but soon moved to Buenos Aires and he returned to Brazil several years later, settling in São Paulo, where he succeeded in business. Pétar Rúsev adapted his first name to Portuguese and the last to French, during a trip to Uberaba, he met Dilma Jane da Silva, a young schoolteacher born in Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, and raised in Minas Gerais, where her parents were ranchers. The two married and settled in Belo Horizonte, where they had three children, Igor, Dilma Vana, and Zana Lúcia, Igor Rousseff, Dilmas elder brother, is a lawyer. Pedro Rousseff was a contractor for Mannesmann steel in addition to building and selling real estate, the family lived in a large house, had three servants, and maintained European habits. The children had an education, and both piano and French lessons
3.
Fernando Haddad
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Fernando Haddad is a Brazilian academic and politician former Mayor of São Paulo, Brazils largest city. He is of Lebanese Orthodox Christian origin and he studied Law, economics and philosophy at the University of São Paulo and was the Minister of Education in the cabinet of Presidents Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and Dilma Rousseff. Haddad holds a degree in economics and a doctorate in philosophy from the University of São Paulo. He is also a professor in the department of the University of São Paulo. Haddad took over the position of Minister of Education on 29 July 2005. On 2012, Haddad was a candidate for mayor of São Paulo during the 2012 Brazilian municipal elections, after successfully advancing to the second round, he faced former mayor José Serra and won it with 55. 57% of the valid votes. In June 2013, his administration faced big demonstrations, when São Paulo city hall, the demonstrations, known as the 2013 protests in Brazil, were the biggest protest movement since those in 1992 against the Brazilian President in power at the time, Fernando Collor de Mello. On October 2,2016, Haddad lost his bid for re-election to Brazilian Social Democracy Party candidate and media mogul João Doria Júnior and he left office on January 1,2017. Fernando Haddad on Twitter São Paulo 2004 mayoral race pages http, //citymayors. com/mayors/saopaulo_mayor. html Profile on CityMayors. com
4.
Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)
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The Chamber of Deputies is a federal legislative body and the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. The chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms, the current president of the Chamber is the deputy Rodrigo Maia, who was elected in July 14,2016 to serve for the remainder of the 2015-2016 term. The legislatures are counted from the first meeting of the Chamber of Deputies and of the Senate, on 6 May 1826, the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate were created by Brazils first Constitution, the Constitution of the Empire of Brazil, adopted in 1824. The inauguration of a new composition of Chamber of Deputies for a term of office marks the start of a new Legislature. In the imperial era the national legislature was named General Assembly and it was made up of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate. Senators were elected for life and the Senate was a permanent institution, whereas the Chamber of Deputies, when Brazil became a republic and a federal state the model of a bicameral Legislature was retained at the federal level, but the parliament was renamed National Congress. The National Congress is made up of the Chamber of Deputies, both houses have fixed terms and cannot be dissolved earlier. Under Brazils present Constitution, adopted in 1988, senators are elected to eight-year terms, each Brazilian state is represented in the Senate by three senators. Elections to the Senate are held four years, with either a third or two thirds of the seats up for election. The number of deputies elected is proportional to the size of the population of the respective state, however, no delegation can be made up of less than eight or more than seventy seats. Thus the least populous state elects eight Federal Deputies and the most populous elects seventy and these restrictions favour the smaller states at the expense of the more populous states and so the size of the delegations is not exactly proportional to population. Elections to the Chamber of Deputies are held four years. New elections were summoned by the government of the Republic in 1890. Old Republic 21st Legislature, discharged the role of Constituent Congress, during the drafting of the Constitution, the Congress was to meet in joint session. The Congress was required to adopt a Constitution that conformed to the form of government. Vargas Era 36th Legislature, discharged the role of Constituent Assembly 37th Legislature, legislatures elected under the Republic of 46 38th Legislature, discharged the role of National Constituent Assembly. The Constitution was voted under duress, legislatures elected under the Military Regime 43rd Legislature 44th Legislature 45th Legislature 46th Legislature 47th Legislature. The Chamber of Deputies was elected under the process of return to democracy
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