Girdling
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Girdling, also called ring-barking, is the circumferential removal or injury of the bark of a branch or trunk of a woody plant. Girdling prevents the tree from sending nutrients from its foliage to it
Girdling in Lille, Northern France
Yellowing of alder leaves due to girdling.
Grape vines and their canopies
Holes drilled by red-naped sapsucker in Platanus wrightii - an Arizona sycamore
Canker
Videos
A plant canker is a small area of dead tissue, which grows slowly, often over years. Some cankers are of only minor consequence, but others are ultimately lethal and therefore can have major economic
Girdling
…the wound. Human practices of girdling include forestry, horticulture, and vandalism. Foresters use the practice of girdling to thin forests. Extensive cankers caused by certain fungi, bacteria or viruses can girdle a trunk or limb. Animals such as rodents will girdle trees by feeding on outer bark, often…
Butternut canker is a lethal disease of butternut trees, and has no cure.
Canker on a birch
Canker on a beech tree
Canker on an ash tree in North Ayrshire, Scotland