1.
Super Bowl XLIII
–
The Steelers defeated the Cardinals by the score of 27–23. The game was played on February 1,2009, at Raymond James Stadium in Tampa, with this victory, the Steelers became the first team to win six Super Bowls. The win was also Pittsburghs second Super Bowl victory in four years, the Cardinals entered the game seeking their first NFL title since 1947, the longest championship drought in the league. Pittsburgh jumped to a 17–7 halftime lead, aided by linebacker James Harrisons Super Bowl-record 100-yard interception return for a touchdown, but the Steelers marched 78 yards to score on wide receiver Santonio Holmes 6-yard game-winning touchdown catch with 35 seconds left. Holmes, who caught nine passes for 131 yards and a touchdown and he became the sixth wide receiver to win the award, half of whom are Steelers. Tampa was selected for the site on May 25,2005. Super Bowl XLIII was the second Super Bowl at this venue, eight yards of playing field are shown, alluding to the games status as the championship of the 2008 NFL season. In a tradition starting with the Super Bowl XL logo, two stars — one red, representing the AFC, and one blue, representing the NFC — are flanked on either side of the Super Bowl XLIII logo. The tagline for Super Bowl XLIII as well as the 2008 NFL season is Believe In Now, the seeds of Super Bowl XLIII can be traced back to the end of the 2006 season. After winning Super Bowl XL in 2005, the Pittsburgh Steelers fell to an 8–8 record the following year, at the end of 2006, Bill Cowher ended his 15-year tenure as their head coach, leaving with a 149–90–1 regular season record and a 12–9 record in the playoffs. Both offensive coordinator Ken Whisenhunt and assistant head coach Russ Grimm were widely considered the front-runners to succeed Cowher in Pittsburgh, in the 60 years since their last national championship, the team had won just one playoff game. The Steelers then passed over Grimm and instead hired Minnesota Vikings defensive coordinator Mike Tomlin, of historical note the game matched up two franchises previously merged into a single team, Card-Pitt, for the 1944 season in response to the depleted rosters during World War II. It was the third Super Bowl in history to feature two pre-expansion era teams, joining Super Bowl XIV and Super Bowl XLI and this game also featured the oldest franchise in the NFC playing the oldest franchise in the AFC. The Cardinals were founded in 1898 as an independent amateur team in Chicago, the Steelers, founded in 1933 as the Pittsburgh Pirates, are one of only three AFC teams that pre-date the 1960 NFL season. Warner started for the St. Louis Rams in Super Bowl XXXIV and Super Bowl XXXVI, winning the first and losing the second one, under Tomlins first season as head coach, the Steelers improved to a 10–6 record in 2007. The Steelers excelled on defense and led the NFL in fewest points and yards allowed per game, up front, their line was anchored by defensive end Aaron Smith, who recorded 60 tackles and six sacks. Behind him two of the Steelers starting linebackers ranked among the top-ten sack leaders in the NFL, LaMarr Woodley, Pro Bowl linebacker James Farrior was also a big contributor, recording 3.5 sacks and leading the team with 133 tackles. The Steelers secondary was led by Pro Bowl safety Troy Polamalu, for the fifth year in a row the Steelers offense was led by quarterback Ben Roethlisberger, who finished the season with 3,301 passing yards and 17 touchdowns, with 15 interceptions
Super Bowl XLIII
–
Raymond James Stadium at night, with the Lombardi Trophy banner for Super Bowl XLIII replacing the Tampa Bay Buccaneers banner.
Super Bowl XLIII
–
Super Bowl XLIII
Super Bowl XLIII
–
Three cheerleaders waving
Terrible Towels at a
Pittsburgh rally prior to the game.
Super Bowl XLIII
–
Fans wave as the
U.S. Air Force Thunderbirds fly over the stadium during the pregame ceremony.
2.
Playboy Mansion
–
The Playboy Mansion is the home of Playboy magazine founder Hugh Hefner. In Holmby Hills, Los Angeles, California, near Beverly Hills, the 21, 987-square-foot house is described as in the Gothic-Tudor style by Forbes magazine, and sits on 5.3 acres. In early 2011, it was valued at $54 million and it sits close to the northwestern corner of the Los Angeles Country Club, near University of California, Los Angeles and the Bel-Air Country Club. $15 million has been invested in renovation and expansion, the mansion has 22 rooms including a wine cellar, a screening room with built-in pipe organ, a game room, three zoo/aviary buildings, a tennis/basketball court, a waterfall and a swimming pool area. Landscaping includes a large koi pond with artificial stream, a citrus orchard. The west wing houses the Editorial offices of Playboy, the main Aviary building is the original greenhouse, with four guestrooms adjoining. The Masters suite occupies several rooms on the second and third floors, otherwise, the Mansion proper is maintained in its original Gothic-revival furnishings for the most part. The pipe organ was restored in the last decade. There is also a kitchen to serve party events. These features and others have shown on television. The game room is a building on the north side. From the fountain in front of the entrance, there are two sidewalks, running past a wishing-well. That on the leads to the game house and runs past a duplicate Hollywood Star of Hefner. Its front entrance opens to a room with a pool table in the center. This room has vintage and modern games, pinball machines, player piano, jukebox, television, stereo. The game house has two wings, left is a room with a soft cushioned floor, mirrors all around, television. There is a restroom with a shower, the right wing of the game house has a smaller restroom, and entrance to a bedroom. This bedroom is connected to another, which has an exit to the backyard of the game house
Playboy Mansion
–
The Playboy Mansion West
Playboy Mansion
–
The mansion's front door in 2007
Playboy Mansion
–
Original plan of the pool
Playboy Mansion
–
The original Playboy Mansion
3.
Los Angeles
–
Los Angeles, officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L. A. is the cultural, financial, and commercial center of Southern California. With a census-estimated 2015 population of 3,971,883, it is the second-most populous city in the United States, Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated county in the United States. The citys inhabitants are referred to as Angelenos, historically home to the Chumash and Tongva, Los Angeles was claimed by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo for Spain in 1542 along with the rest of what would become Alta California. The city was founded on September 4,1781, by Spanish governor Felipe de Neve. It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence, in 1848, at the end of the Mexican–American War, Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, thereby becoming part of the United States. Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4,1850, the discovery of oil in the 1890s brought rapid growth to the city. The completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1913, delivering water from Eastern California, nicknamed the City of Angels, Los Angeles is known for its Mediterranean climate, ethnic diversity, and sprawling metropolis. Los Angeles also has an economy in culture, media, fashion, science, sports, technology, education, medicine. A global city, it has been ranked 6th in the Global Cities Index, the city is home to renowned institutions covering a broad range of professional and cultural fields, and is one of the most substantial economic engines within the United States. The Los Angeles combined statistical area has a gross metropolitan product of $831 billion, making it the third-largest in the world, after the Greater Tokyo and New York metropolitan areas. The city has hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 1932 and 1984 and is bidding to host the 2024 Summer Olympics and thus become the second city after London to have hosted the Games three times. The Los Angeles area also hosted the 1994 FIFA mens World Cup final match as well as the 1999 FIFA womens World Cup final match, the mens event was watched on television by over 700 million people worldwide. The Los Angeles coastal area was first settled by the Tongva, a Gabrielino settlement in the area was called iyáangẚ, meaning poison oak place. Gaspar de Portolà and Franciscan missionary Juan Crespí, reached the present site of Los Angeles on August 2,1769, in 1771, Franciscan friar Junípero Serra directed the building of the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, the first mission in the area. The Queen of the Angels is an honorific of the Virgin Mary, two-thirds of the settlers were mestizo or mulatto with a mixture of African, indigenous and European ancestry. The settlement remained a small town for decades, but by 1820. Today, the pueblo is commemorated in the district of Los Angeles Pueblo Plaza and Olvera Street. New Spain achieved its independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, during Mexican rule, Governor Pío Pico made Los Angeles Alta Californias regional capital
Los Angeles
Los Angeles
Los Angeles
Los Angeles
4.
California
–
California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area. Located on the western coast of the U. S, California is bordered by the other U. S. states of Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California. Los Angeles is Californias most populous city, and the second largest after New York City. The Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nations second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, California also has the nations most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County. The Central Valley, an agricultural area, dominates the states center. What is now California was first settled by various Native American tribes before being explored by a number of European expeditions during the 16th and 17th centuries, the Spanish Empire then claimed it as part of Alta California in their New Spain colony. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821 following its war for independence. The western portion of Alta California then was organized as the State of California, the California Gold Rush starting in 1848 led to dramatic social and demographic changes, with large-scale emigration from the east and abroad with an accompanying economic boom. If it were a country, California would be the 6th largest economy in the world, fifty-eight percent of the states economy is centered on finance, government, real estate services, technology, and professional, scientific and technical business services. Although it accounts for only 1.5 percent of the states economy, the story of Calafia is recorded in a 1510 work The Adventures of Esplandián, written as a sequel to Amadis de Gaula by Spanish adventure writer Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo. The kingdom of Queen Calafia, according to Montalvo, was said to be a land inhabited by griffins and other strange beasts. This conventional wisdom that California was an island, with maps drawn to reflect this belief, shortened forms of the states name include CA, Cal. Calif. and US-CA. Settled by successive waves of arrivals during the last 10,000 years, various estimates of the native population range from 100,000 to 300,000. The Indigenous peoples of California included more than 70 distinct groups of Native Americans, ranging from large, settled populations living on the coast to groups in the interior. California groups also were diverse in their organization with bands, tribes, villages. Trade, intermarriage and military alliances fostered many social and economic relationships among the diverse groups, the first European effort to explore the coast as far north as the Russian River was a Spanish sailing expedition, led by Portuguese captain Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo, in 1542. Some 37 years later English explorer Francis Drake also explored and claimed a portion of the California coast in 1579. Spanish traders made unintended visits with the Manila galleons on their trips from the Philippines beginning in 1565
California
–
A forest of redwood trees in
Redwood National Park
California
–
Flag
California
–
Mount Shasta
California
–
Aerial view of the
California Central Valley
5.
Dance-pop
–
Dance-pop is a pop and dance subgenre that originated in the early 1980s. It is generally up-tempo music intended for nightclubs with the intention of being danceable, the genre, on the whole, tends to be producer-driven, despite some notable exceptions. Dance-pop borrowed influences from other genres, which varied by producer, artist, such include contemporary R&B, house, trance, techno, new jack swing, funk, synthpop, electropop and some forms of europop. Dance-pop is a mainstream style of music and there have been numerous pop artists. As the term started to go out of fashion by the late 1970s to early 1980s, other terms were commonly used to describe disco-based music, such as post-disco, club. Dance-pop music emerged in the 1980s as a combination of dance and pop, or post-disco, Dance-pop music was usually created, composed and produced by record producers who would then hire singers to perform the songs. In the beginning of the 80s disco was an anathema to the mainstream pop, according to prominent Allmusic critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine, Madonna had a huge role in popularizing dance music as mainstream music, utilizing her charisma, chutzpah and sex appeal. Erlewine claimed that Madonna launched dance-pop and set the standard for the genre for the two decades. The staff of Vice magazine stated that her debut album drew the blueprint for future dance-pop, in the 1980s dance-pop was closely aligned to other up-tempo electronic genres, such as Hi-NRG. Prominent producers in the 1980s included Stock, Aitken and Waterman, during the decade, dance-pop borrowed influences from funk, new jack swing, and contemporary R&B. Other prominent dance-pop artists and groups of the 1980s included the Pet Shop Boys, Mel and Kim, Samantha Fox, Debbie Gibson, by the 1990s, dance-pop had become a major genre in popular music. Several dance-pop groups and artists emerged during the 1990s, such as the Spice Girls, Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera, Jessica Simpson, Backstreet Boys, during the early 1990s, dance-pop borrowed influences from house music, as well as contemporary R&B and new jack swing. Additionally, also in 1998, Cher released a song called Believe which made usage of a technological innovation of the time. An audio processor and a form of pitch modification software, Auto-Tune is commonly used as a way to correct pitch, since the late 1990s, the use of Auto-Tune processing has become a common feature of dance-pop music. Celine Dion also released a dance-pop song Thats the Way It Is by the end of 1999 and it has a moderately slow tempo but an up-beat song. At the beginning of the 2000s, dance-pop music was still prominent, nonetheless, as R&B and hip hop became extremely popular from the early part of the decade onwards, dance-pop often borrowed a lot of its influences from urban music. Dance-pop stars from the 1980s and 1990s such as Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera, Madonna, Janet Jackson, in Madonnas case, her album Music contained elements of Euro disco, especially the successful eponymous lead single. Britney Spears album Blackout contained influences of Euro disco, the mid-to-late 2000s saw the arrival of several new dance-pop artists, including Rihanna, Kesha, Lady Gaga and Katy Perry
Dance-pop
–
Kylie Minogue, a popular and successful dance-pop artist of the late-1980s, 1990s, 2000s and early-2010s.
Dance-pop
–
In Japan,
Momoiro Clover Z is famous for innovative dance performances.
6.
Pop music
–
Pop music is a genre of popular music that originated in its modern form in the United States and United Kingdom during the mid 1950s. The terms popular music and pop music are used interchangeably, although the former describes all music that is popular. Pop and rock were synonymous terms until the late 1960s, when they were used in opposition from each other. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music. Pop music is eclectic, and often borrows elements from other such as urban, dance, rock, Latin. Identifying factors include generally short to medium-length songs written in a format, as well as the common use of repeated choruses, melodic tunes. David Hatch and Stephen Millward define pop music as a body of music which is distinguishable from popular, jazz, according to Pete Seeger, pop music is professional music which draws upon both folk music and fine arts music. Although pop music is seen as just the singles charts, it is not the sum of all chart music, the music charts contain songs from a variety of sources, including classical, jazz, rock, and novelty songs. Pop music, as a genre, is seen as existing and developing separately, pop music continuously evolves along with the terms definition. The term pop song was first recorded as being used in 1926, Hatch and Millward indicate that many events in the history of recording in the 1920s can be seen as the birth of the modern pop music industry, including in country, blues and hillbilly music. The Oxford Dictionary of Music states that while pops earlier meaning meant concerts appealing to a wide audience. Since the late 1950s, however, pop has had the meaning of non-classical mus, usually in the form of songs, performed by such artists as the Beatles. Grove Music Online also states that, in the early 1960s pop music competed terminologically with beat music, while in the USA its coverage overlapped with that of rock and roll. From about 1967, the term was used in opposition to the term rock music. Whereas rock aspired to authenticity and an expansion of the possibilities of music, pop was more commercial, ephemeral. It is not driven by any significant ambition except profit and commercial reward, and, in musical terms, it is essentially conservative. It is, provided from on high rather than being made from below, pop is not a do-it-yourself music but is professionally produced and packaged. The beat and the melodies tend to be simple, with limited harmonic accompaniment, the lyrics of modern pop songs typically focus on simple themes – often love and romantic relationships – although there are notable exceptions
Pop music
–
The Oxford Dictionary of Music states that the term "pop" refers to music performed by such artists as
the Rolling Stones (pictured here in a 2006 performance)
Pop music
–
According to several sources,
MTV helped give rise to
pop stars such as
Michael Jackson and
Madonna; and Jackson and Madonna helped make MTV.
Pop music
7.
Geffen Records
–
Geffen Records is an American major record label, owned by Universal Music Group, which operates as one third of the Interscope Geffen A&M Records label. On March 23,2017, Billboard. com announced the label was relaunching with longtime A&R Neil Jacobson as President, Geffen Records was started in 1980 by music industry businessman David Geffen who, in the early 1970s, had founded Asylum Records. Geffen stepped down from Asylum in 1975, when he crossed over to film and was named a vice-president of Warner Bros and he was fired from Warner circa 1978, but remained locked in a 5-year contract, which prevented him from working elsewhere. He returned to work in 1980 and struck a deal with Warner Bros. Records to create Geffen Records, profits were split 50/50 between Geffen and the respective distributors. Geffen Records first artist was disco superstar Donna Summer, whose gold-selling album The Wanderer became the labels first release in 1980, the label followed it up with Double Fantasy by John Lennon and Yoko Ono. It was Lennons first new album since 1975, two weeks after it entered the charts, Lennon was murdered in New York City. As the 1980s progressed, Geffen would go on to have success with acts as Kylie Minogue, Enya, Quarterflash, Oxo, Asia, Wang Chung. This prompted Geffen to create a label, DGC Records in 1990. Geffen also distributed the first incarnation of Def American Recordings through Warner Bros. from 1988 to 1990, after a decade of operating through Warner, when its contract with the company expired, the label was sold to MCA Music Entertainment in 1990. The deal ultimately earned David Geffen an estimated US$800 million in stock, following the sale, Geffen Records operated as one of MCAs leading independently managed labels. Geffen Records would distribute releases on the new operations DreamWorks Records subsidiary, Universal Music Group acquired PolyGram in 1999, resulting in a corporate reorganization of labels. Geffen Records, along with A&M Records, was merged into Interscope Records. Although Geffen would continue to exist as a brand, it was downsized to fit into the expansion of Interscope. At the same time, international distribution of Interscope and Geffen releases switched to ex-PolyGram label Polydor Records, meanwhile, DreamWorks Records also folded, with artists such as Nelly Furtado, Lifehouse and Rufus Wainwright being absorbed by Geffen as well. During this time, DGC Records was also folded into Geffen, at the end of 2007, however, Geffen was absorbed further into Interscope, laying off sixty employees. In 2009, it was announced that Geffen Records had signed an agreement with the Holy See to produce an album of Marian songs, jimmy Iovine relaunched the Geffen imprint in 2011, moving its headquarters from California to New York City
Geffen Records
–
Geffen Records
8.
Universal Music Group
–
Universal Music Group is an American-French global music corporation that is a subsidiary of the Paris-based French media conglomerate Vivendi. UMGs global corporate headquarters are in Santa Monica, California and it is considered one of the Big Three record labels, along with Sony Music and Warner Music Group. Universal Music was once the music attached to film studio Universal Pictures and its origins go back to the formation of the American branch of Decca Records in September 1934. The Decca Record Co. Ltd. of England spun American Decca off in 1939, MCA Inc. merged with American Decca in 1962. The present organization was formed when its parent company Seagram purchased PolyGram in May 1998, however, the name had first appeared in 1996 when MCA Music Entertainment Group was renamed Universal Music Group. The PolyGram acquisition included Deutsche Grammophon which traces its ancestry to Berliner Gramophone making Deutsche Grammophon UMGs oldest unit, UMGs Canadian unit traces its ancestry to a Berliner Gramophone breakaway firm the Compo Company. With the 2004 acquisition of Universal Studios by General Electric and merging with GEs NBC and this is the second time a music company has done so, the first being the separation of Time Warner and Warner Music Group. On June 25,2007, Vivendi completed its €1.63 billion purchase of BMG Music Publishing, after receiving European Union regulatory approval, doug Morris stepped down from his position as CEO on January 1,2011. Former chairman/CEO of Universal Music International Lucian Grainge was promoted to CEO of the company, Grainge later replaced him as chairman on March 9,2011. Morris became the chairman of Sony Music Entertainment on July 1,2011. With Grainges appointment as CEO at UMG, Max Hole was promoted to COO of UMGI, starting in 2011 UMGs Interscope Geffen A&M Records will be signing contestants from American Idol/Idol series. On January 2011, UMG announced it was donating 200,000 master recordings from the 1920s to 1940s to the Library of Congress for preservation, in March 2011, Barry Weiss became chairman & CEO of The Island Def Jam Music Group & Universal Republic Records. Both companies are restructuring under Weiss, in December 2011, David Foster was named Chairman of Verve Music Group. Among the other companies that had competed for the music business was Warner Music Group which was reported to have made a $2 billion bid. However, IMPALA has said it would fight the merger, coincidentally, UMG sister company StudioCanal has owned the EMI Films library for several years. On September 21,2012, the sale of EMI to UMG was approved in Europe, UMG divested Mute Records, Parlophone, Roxy Recordings, MPS Records, Cooperative Music, Now Thats What I Call Music. Jazzland, Universal Greece, Sanctuary Records, Chrysalis Records, EMI Classics, Virgin Classics, the Beatles recorded music library was allowed to remain with UMG despite being considered part of Parlophone and is now managed by UMGs reorganized Capitol Music Group worldwide. Robbie Williams, who had recorded for Chrysalis, had his transferred to Universals Island Records
Universal Music Group
–
UMG headquarters in
Santa Monica,
California
Universal Music Group
–
Universal Music Publishing Headquarters in Santa Monica, California.
Universal Music Group
–
Capitol Music Group headquarters at the Capitol records Building in Hollywood.
9.
Robin Antin
–
Robin Antin is an American dancer, choreographer, actress, and clothing designer entrepreneur. In 1995 she founded the modern burlesque troupe the Pussycat Dolls, by 2005, she diversified into various media including a pop recording group with international hits, a Las Vegas nightclub venue and floorshow, various merchandise, and a reality television series. Since then, she has gone on to create other girl groups, including Girlicious, the Paradiso Girls, as a choreographer, Antin worked with entertainers such as Paris Hilton, and artists such as Anastacia, Pink, the Offspring and No Doubt. Additionally, she was responsible for the ensembles in various films. She is the sister of celebrity hair stylist Jonathan Antin, director Steve Antin and she appeared in an episode of her brother Jonathans show Blow Out. The award was presented at the The Carnival, Choreographers Ball 11th Anniversary Show and she was a judge on the Lifetime reality television show Abbys Ultimate Dance Competition in Season 1. Based in Las Vegas, it features a rotating cast of dancers around vocalist Jamie Preston, current members include Hayley Zelniker, Amanda Nowak, Colby Lemmo and Alicia Blair. Dani Levine, Katarzyna Kasia Moss Moś, Vanessa Curry, guest dancer Chantal Hunt, alongside lead singer, Jaime Preston and dancers Tarin Pratt and Erica Kiehl Jenkins, and guest vocalist, former Paradiso Girls member, Lauren Bennett were later introduced. The Pussycat Dolls Burlesque Saloon at Planet Hollywood, Las Vegas features Sophia Monica as lead vocalist, current members include Sheila Joy, Megan Bostwick, Daymara Sabat, Colby Lemmo, Lauren Venandos, Emily Istre, Noelle Naone Brechler, Jenny Driebe, and Kaelee Jones. Along with them, she cast singers Mecca Madison and Angela Jude, from a style point of view they are very much like the original concept of the Pussycat Dolls. Girlicious was an American girl group consisting of Nichole Cordova, Natalie Mejia, Chrystina Sayers, in 2009, Anderson left the group and in 2011, Mejia and Sayers also confirmed their departure. Later, in October 2011, Cordova announced the bands hiatus, the second album of Girlicious, named Rebuilt, was released on November 22,2010 in Canada. The group was formed on the reality television show Pussycat Dolls Present, although Antin originally intended to include only three members in the group, as stated in the first episode, she announced in the season finale that all four girls would be a part of Girlicious. They were signed to will. i. am Music Group/Interscope Records and their debut single Patron Tequila featuring Lil Jon and Eve was released on May 12,2009, and a music video was shortly released afterwards. Their debut album Crazy Horse was expected to be released in July 2010, however, it was delayed until October, Bennett went on to join Antins next girl group formation in G. R. L. G. R. L. is a girl group consist of Lauren Bennett, Natasha Slayton, the group was originally planned to be the new-line up of the Pussycat Dolls following their disbandment in 2010. Robin later rebranded them as a new group to serve as the generation of the Dolls. Their managers were Larry Rudolph and Adam Leber, on June 16,2013 they released their first single, Vacation, as a B-side track on Britney Spears single Ooh La La, a song from the film The Smurfs 2
Robin Antin
–
Robin Antin backstage during Los Angeles Fashion Week, Smashbox Studios – Culver City, CA (March 2008)
Robin Antin
–
G.R.L. at Westfield Old Orchard Mall in Skokie, Illinois promoting their debut single "Vacation" on September 28, 2013. Left to right: Natasha Slayton, Paula van Oppen, Simone Battle, Emmalyn Estrada, Lauren Bennett.
10.
Girl group
–
A girl group is a music act featuring several female singers who generally harmonize together. All-female bands, in which also play instruments, are usually considered a separate phenomenon. These groups are sometimes called girl bands to differentiate, although this terminology is not universally followed, with the advent of the music industry and radio broadcasting, a number of girl groups emerged, such as the Andrews Sisters. The late 1950s saw the emergence of all-female singing groups as a force, with 750 distinct girl groups releasing songs that reached US. The Supremes alone held 12 number-one singles on the Billboard Hot 100 during the height of the wave, in later eras, the girl group template would be applied to disco, contemporary R&B, and country-based formats, as well as pop. A more globalized music industry saw the popularity of dance-oriented pop music led by major record labels. This emergence, led by the US, UK, South Korea, also, since the late 2000s, South Korea has had a significant impact, with 8 of the top 10 girl groups by digital sales in the world originating there. The ladies were together from 1923 until the early 1940s, and known for their harmonies, as well as barbershop style or novelty tunes. The Three X Sisters were also especially a notable addition to the music scene, the Boswell Sisters, who became one of the most popular singing groups from 1930 to 1936, had over twenty hits. The Andrews Sisters had musical hits across multiple genres, which contributed to the prevalence, the rise of girl groups appeared out of and was influenced by other musical movements of the time period. Importantly, the first successful girl groups of this era were typically white and this era was also advantageous to the beginnings of girl group music because of the newfound prevalence of the radio as well, which allowed this style of music to spread. Also, the Lennon Sisters were a mainstay on the Lawrence Welk Show from 1955 on, in early 1956, doo-wop one-hit wonder acts like the Bonnie Sisters with Cry Baby and the Teen Queens with Eddie My Love showed early promise for a departure from traditional pop harmonies. With Mr. Lee, the Bobbettes lasted for 5 1/2 months on the charts in 1957, building momentum and gaining acceptance of all-female. However, it was the Chantels 1958 song Maybe that became arguably, the mixture of black doo-wop, rock and roll, and white pop was appealing to a teenage audience and grew from scandals involving payola and the perceived social effects of rock music. However, early groups such as the Chantels started developing their groups musical capacities traditionally, through mediums like Latin, the Shirelles solidified their success with five more top 10 hits, most particularly 1962s number one hit Soldier Boy, over the next two and a half years. Motown would mastermind several major groups, including Martha and the Vandellas, the Velvelettes. Other songwriters and producers in the US and UK quickly recognized the potential of new approach. Phil Spector recruited the Crystals, the Blossoms, and the Ronettes, while Goffin, phil Spector made a huge impact on the ubiquity of the girl group, as well as bringing fame and notoriety to new heights for many girl groups
Girl group
–
Girl groups
Girl group
–
The Supremes became one of the most popular girl groups of the 1960s.
Girl group
–
Promotional picture of the Shangri-Las, circa 1965/66
Girl group
–
Singing group Labelle, circa 1975
11.
The Pussycat Dolls
–
The Pussycat Dolls were an American girl group and dance ensemble, founded in Los Angeles, California, by choreographer Robin Antin in 1995 as a burlesque troupe. Overseen by Antin, Interscope and various partners, the group was transformed into a global image, the Pussycat Dolls achieved worldwide success with hit singles Dont Cha, Buttons, Stickwitu, and their first album PCD. However, despite their success, the group was plagued by internal conflict due to the emphasis on Scherzinger, the groups lead vocalist. Bachars departure from the group preceded the release of their second and final studio album Doll Domination, in 2009, they announced a minor hiatus that was later revealed to be an official break-up. The Dolls brand diversified into merchandise, reality programs, a Las Vegas act, product endorsements, spin-off recording groups. Billboard ranked the Pussycat Dolls as the 80th most successful act of the 2000s. The group has sold 54 million records worldwide, making one of the best-selling girl groups of all time. In 2012, The Pussycat Dolls ranked 100th on VH1s 100 Greatest Women in Music, Antin began exploring the idea of a modern burlesque troupe during 1990 with Carla Kama and Christina Applegate as performers. The troupe began to perform in 1995, with a repertoire of 1950s and 1960s popular music standards while dressed in lingerie or old-fashioned pin-up costumes and they secured a Thursday night residency at a Los Angeles nightclub, the Viper Room, where they stayed from 1995 to 2001. They appeared briefly in the 1998 films Matters of Consequence, from 1995 to 2003 there were numerous guest vocalists, and many changes to the dance personnel. The troupe received wider press coverage during June 1999, when Playboy featured a Pussycat Dolls pictorial, three years later, The Pussycat Dolls moved to the Roxy. They were featured in magazines, television specials for MTV and VH1, ad campaigns, some of The Pussycat Dolls appeared in the 2003 film Charlies Angels, Full Throttle, dancing to Mancinis The Pink Panther Theme. They were also featured in Pinks Trouble music video, along with Applegate, Christina Aguilera and Carmen Electra the troupe was featured in a Maxim magazine shoot in 2002, which increased public interest in them. Following their growing popularity, music producers Jimmy Iovine and Ron Fair became involved with the group helping them to transform into a franchise, the former dance troupe evolved into a popular music recording group and became employees of Iovines label Interscope Records. The only troupe members who remained after the process were Robin Antin, Carmit Bachar, Cyia Batten, Kasey Campbell, Ashley Roberts, Jessica Sutta. During 2003, Antin struck a joint venture with Interscope Records to develop The Pussycat Dolls into a brand, auditions followed suit, for a separate group which would not include celebrity members. Singers Nicole Scherzinger, Melody Thornton and Kaya Jones were recruited, joining Carmit Bachar, Ashley Roberts, Jessica Sutta, in February 2004 they performed Big Spender live at the MTV Asia Awards. In 2004, they recorded We Went as Far as We Felt Like Going for the Shark Tale soundtrack and recorded the single, Jones left the group in 2005, Batten and Campbell had left earlier
The Pussycat Dolls
–
The Pussycat Dolls pose for the troops in front of an Operation Iraqi Freedom unit seal on Camp Buehring, Kuwait, on March 10, 2008. (L–R): Melody Thornton, Ashley Roberts, Jessica Sutta, Kimberly Wyatt and Nicole Scherzinger.
The Pussycat Dolls
–
The Pussycat Dolls performing "Stickwitu" in 2005.
The Pussycat Dolls
–
The Pussycat Dolls performing "Buttons" on September 3, 2008.
The Pussycat Dolls
–
The PCD Casino located at the Caesars Palace in Las Vegas.
12.
The CW
–
Entertainment division of Time Warner, former majority owner of The WB Television Network. The CW name is a derived from the first letters of the names of its two parent corporations. The network made its debut on September 18,2006, after its two predecessors, UPN and The WB, respectively ceased independent operations on September 15 and 17 of that year. The CWs first two nights of programming – on September 18 and 19,2006 – consisted of reruns, the CW marked its formal launch date on September 20,2006, with the two-hour premiere of the seventh cycle of Americas Next Top Model. As of 2008, the programming lineup was intended to appeal mainly to women between the ages of 18 and 34, although starting in 2011 the network increased in programming that appeal to men. The CW is also available in Mexico through affiliates located near the Mexico–U. S, in both countries, some CW affiliates are receivable over-the-air in border areas depending on the stations signal coverage. UPN and The WB both began just as the Fox network had started to secure a foothold with American television audiences, the two networks launched to limited fanfare and generally mediocre to poor results. However, over the subsequent 11 1⁄2 seasons, both were able to air several series that became quite popular, in the eleven years that UPN and The WB were in operation, the two networks lost a combined $2 billion. CBS chairman Leslie Moonves explained that the name of the new network was formed from the first letters of CBS and Warner Bros, joking, like both UPN and The WB, The CW targets its programming towards younger audiences. CBS and Time Warner hoped that combining their networks schedules and affiliate lineups would strengthen The CW into a major broadcast network. The CW launched with a premiere special/launch party from the CBS-produced Entertainment Tonight at Warner Bros, when Top Model made its network premiere on September 20,2006, The CW scored a 3.4 rating/5 share in the Nielsen household ratings. It scored a 2.6 rating among Adults 18–49, finishing fourth in that age demographic, on May 9,2008, The CW announced that it would lease its Sunday lineup to production company Media Rights Capital. With no first-run programming available to run on Sundays as a backup, the network added reruns of The Drew Carey Show and Jericho, the CW has generally struggled in the Nielsen ratings since its inception, primarily placing fifth in all statistics tabulated by Nielsen. On several occasions, The CW has even been outrated by Spanish language network Univision and this had led to speculation within the industry that CBS, Time Warner or both companies could abandon the venture if ratings did not improve. Executives with CBS Corporation and Time Warner also emphasized their commitment to the network and this, in turn, resulted in the discontinuance of the Sunday late afternoon repeat block that The CW inherited from The WB through its use of the predecessor networks scheduling model. Maatta began reporting to Pedowitz as a result of the appointment as network president. Pedowitz revealed that the target demographic of the network would not change. The network also ordered more episodes of its series and ran them consecutively through the first week of December, starting on September 12
The CW
–
The CW's original pre-launch logo. At the network's first upfront presentation on May 18, 2006, the provisional blue-and-white rectangle logo that was used during the network's formation announcement in January was replaced by a green-and-white, curved-letter insignia that drew comparisons to the logo used by
CNN, another company with Time Warner ownership interest.
13.
Pussycat Dolls Present: Girlicious
–
Girlicious, unlike the Pussycat Dolls, will be a more urbanized, all female trio. This is the format for the season of the Pussycat Dolls Present series, focusing mostly on female dancers/singers. It premiered on Monday, February 18,2008 and this season features 15 young women competing for the 3 slots open. The album will be out on August 12 and their first single premiered on April 23 right after the finale of the series, the same day, Stupid Shit was released. Their first single can be heard on their official myspace, a third season of Pussycat Dolls Present was planned, but then the show was officially cancelled due to its low ratings. On Weeks 2 and 4 they were called by groups, with the weakest group up for elimination and on Weeks 3 and 5 they were all called together except for the immunity winner, afterwards things got back to the bottom two system. On Week 3 Natalie was called out by Mark McGrath but not by Robin, on Week 6 Jenna was called and then eliminated, Chrystina wasnt called at all. In the finale, Robin called the first two winners, then Charlye who was eliminated and finally surprised Natalie and Chrystina by telling them they would both be in the group, Week 7 is a recap episode. On Week 5 two contestants were planned to be sent home, while on Week 9 the judges couldnt agree on whom to send home, the results are as follow, The girls practice and Keishas vocal short-comings are highlighted. Charlotte and Natalie have an argument, when Natalie doesnt lend Charlotte a pair of boots, the girls are taken to the Tom Tom club. At the club, the girls perform karaoke and both Ilisa and Carrie impress the judges, back at home, Jenna is revealed to have a ruptured cyst and is taken to the emergency room. She then spends the rest of rehearsal in a wheelchair, much to Robins astonishment, in the final performance, Group 2 and 5 are deemed the worst but Ilisa, Natalie and then Carrie are spared, narrowing the group to 12 finalists. The girls move into the house and Chrystina and Natalie separate themselves from the rest, during vocal rehearsals of the N Sync group, former member of *NSYNC JC Chasez surprised the girls and gave advice about being in a group. Only one group will sing it though and the best individual in that group will be safe from elimination at this weeks performance, after a first check, the group made up of Carrie, Charlye, Jenna and Chrystina is selected to sing The National Anthem. Carrie wins immunity for being the best overall, back at home Natalie is confronted by her teammates for not being confident at the challenge, bringing her to tears so she calls her mom who encourages her to bring her confidence up. At the final performance, Baby One More Time is unanimously deemed the worst and Megan, in the end, Megan is eliminated for being too pageanty. Robin selects Carrie, Chrystina and Charlye as team leaders and Ilisa is the last to be picked, the song are as follow, Ilisa struggles with not having a place in the competition. Later the girls are taken to a party where they meet Nicole from The Pussycat Dolls
Pussycat Dolls Present: Girlicious
–
The Pussycat Dolls Present: Girlicious
14.
Girlicious (album)
–
Girlicious is the self-titled debut studio album by American girl group Girlicious. It was released on 12 August 2008 through Geffen Records, the album infuses R&B with urban and dance-pop influences. Production initially started in early 2008, after filming for Pussycat Dolls Present, the album debuted at number two on the Canadian Hot 100 and has since shipped 80,000 units and been certified Platinum. It was re-released as Deluxe Edition on December 16,2008, released as a CD and music download in Canada on August 12,2008, the album generated positive reviews from critics upon its release. The album topped the charts debuting at number 2 on the Canadian Album Charts and has since been certified Platinum, to date the album sparked three singles. The first single, Like Me managed to debut at number 4 in Canada, the second single, Stupid Shit managed to debut at number 20 in Canada, where it was listed for 10 weeks. The third and final single, Baby Doll only managed to peak at 55 and was listed for a total of three weeks making it the groups least successful single to date. The album itself received positive reviews from critics, main promotion for the group was their own show, Pussycat Dolls Present, Girlicious. Girlicious made their performance at the MuchMusic Video Awards on June 15,2008 with their hit single Like Me. On August 6,2008, Girlicious performed 6 songs from the album at their first Live @ Much, Stupid Shit, Baby Doll, Still In Love, Here I Am, Liar, Liar and Like Me. Girlicious took part in a North American tour as the act of the Unbreakable Tour with the Backstreet Boys that began July 30,2008. Girlicious returned to Canada to tour for the time in 2008 with The Girlicious Tour. The first set date was scheduled in the beginning of October, during the first week of February 2009 Girlicious made 3 appearances at night clubs throughout Canada. They performed at the Playboy Mansion Gameday Party, and returned to their tour with Danny Fernandes in early March, the second leg of The Girlicious Tour finished in late March. Like Me is the first and debut single from Girlicious and it was released on April 22,2008 one day prior to The CWs airing of the finale of the show. Without a proper physical or radio release, the managed to debut at number two on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles and number seventy on the Pop 100 solely based on digital sales. In addition, during the week of May 1,2008, the music video was premiered the day of the finale. Stupid Shit was the single from the album
Girlicious (album)
–
Girlicious
Girlicious (album)
–
Deluxe edition cover
15.
Rebuilt (album)
–
Girlicious was an American girl group originally formed by Robin Antin, creator of the Pussycat Dolls, from The CW reality TV show Pussycat Dolls Present, Girlicious. The group was signed to Geffen Records and composed of members Nichole Cordova, Tiffanie Anderson, Chrystina Sayers. Their self-titled debut album was released in Canada in August 2008, after Anderson left the group in June 2009, Girlicious signed with Universal Music Canada and released their second studio album, Rebuilt, in November 2010. Mejia and Sayers departed the group in February 2011, Nichole Cordova later announced the end of Girlicious, and her joining a new girl group called Girls United. Before the airing of the premiere of the show, Pussycat Dolls Present, Girlicious. Originally the group was to be a trio, but was conceived as a quartet through a decision of creator Robin Antin on the shows season finale. Thus far, they have received attention and major success from Canadian audiences. The album peaked at two on the Canadian Albums Chart. The group was nominated at the Teen Choice Awards for Breakout Group of the year and it was confirmed on June 11,2009, via a YouTube video upload from Tiffanie Anderson’s official YouTube channel, that she was no longer a member of Girlicious. In the video, Anderson cites changes with their new label and sound, stating, Robin Antin. They were looking for the group to not be any longer, on Sunday, June 21,2009 Girlicious appeared live at the 2009 MuchMusic Video Awards in Toronto, Canada as nominees and presenters. The group won the award for Most Watched Video for Like Me and their video for Stupid Shit came in at second place. In 2009, the group went into the studio to start recording music for their studio album. In December 2009 the group announced they had moved from Geffen Records, the sound for the album will go in a more Pop direction, and further away from the Hip-Hop/R&B sound featured on their first album. The groups first single titled Over You, was sent to Canadian radio stations on December 25,2009, the song was released to Canadian iTunes on January 5,2010. The song peaked at number 57 on The Hits Charts, Top 100 Singles, the groups second single titled Maniac was released to Canadian iTunes on April 6,2010. The music video was shot on April 6 in LA at an abandoned hospital and it peaked as number 72 on the Canadian Hot 100 chart. The girls were featured on the Jersey Shore Soundtrack, with a song titled Drank and it was then released on July 20,2010 to digital retailers in Canada and the United States as a promotional single for Rebuilt
Rebuilt (album)
–
The original line-up consisting of Nichole, Natalie, Tiffanie and Chrystina
Rebuilt (album)
–
The group's second and final lineup consisting of Mejia, Sayers and Cordova at Mi6, West Hollywood, CA on Oct. 14, 2009
Rebuilt (album)
–
Nichole Cordova in 2009.
Rebuilt (album)
–
Anderson was a member from 2008-2009 before she was axed by the group's new label.
16.
YouTube
–
YouTube is an American video-sharing website headquartered in San Bruno, California. The service was created by three former PayPal employees—Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim—in February 2005, Google bought the site in November 2006 for US$1.65 billion, YouTube now operates as one of Googles subsidiaries. Unregistered users can watch videos on the site, while registered users are permitted to upload an unlimited number of videos. Videos deemed potentially offensive are available only to registered users affirming themselves to be at least 18 years old, YouTube earns advertising revenue from Google AdSense, a program which targets ads according to site content and audience. As of February 2017, there are more than 400 hours of content uploaded to YouTube each minute, as of April 2017, the website is ranked as the second most popular site in the world by Alexa Internet, a web traffic analysis company. YouTube was founded by Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim, Hurley had studied design at Indiana University of Pennsylvania, and Chen and Karim studied computer science together at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Karim could not easily find video clips of either event online, Hurley and Chen said that the original idea for YouTube was a video version of an online dating service, and had been influenced by the website Hot or Not. YouTube began as a venture capital-funded technology startup, primarily from an $11.5 million investment by Sequoia Capital between November 2005 and April 2006, YouTubes early headquarters were situated above a pizzeria and Japanese restaurant in San Mateo, California. The domain name www. youtube. com was activated on February 14,2005, the first YouTube video, titled Me at the zoo, shows co-founder Jawed Karim at the San Diego Zoo. The video was uploaded on April 23,2005, and can still be viewed on the site, YouTube offered the public a beta test of the site in May 2005. The first video to reach one million views was a Nike advertisement featuring Ronaldinho in November 2005. Following a $3.5 million investment from Sequoia Capital in November, the site grew rapidly, and in July 2006 the company announced that more than 65,000 new videos were being uploaded every day, and that the site was receiving 100 million video views per day. The site has 800 million unique users a month and it is estimated that in 2007 YouTube consumed as much bandwidth as the entire Internet in 2000. The choice of the name www. youtube. com led to problems for a similarly named website, the sites owner, Universal Tube & Rollform Equipment, filed a lawsuit against YouTube in November 2006 after being regularly overloaded by people looking for YouTube. Universal Tube has since changed the name of its website to www. utubeonline. com, in October 2006, Google Inc. announced that it had acquired YouTube for $1.65 billion in Google stock, and the deal was finalized on November 13,2006. In March 2010, YouTube began free streaming of certain content, according to YouTube, this was the first worldwide free online broadcast of a major sporting event. On March 31,2010, the YouTube website launched a new design, with the aim of simplifying the interface, Google product manager Shiva Rajaraman commented, We really felt like we needed to step back and remove the clutter. In May 2010, YouTube videos were watched more than two times per day
YouTube
–
From left to right:
Chad Hurley,
Steve Chen, and
Jawed Karim
YouTube
–
Screenshot of YouTube's homepage
YouTube
–
YouTube's headquarters as of 2010 in
San Bruno, California.
17.
2009 MuchMusic Video Awards
–
The 2009 MuchMusic Video Awards were held in Toronto, Ontario at MuchMusics headquarters on June 21,2009. Along with the MuchMusic VJs, on April 16,2009, the show featured performances by The Black Eyed Peas, Billy Talent, Lady Gaga, Jonas Brothers, Alexisonfire, Kelly Clarkson and others. The artists with the most nominations were Nickelback and Danny Fernandes with five nominations each, Nickelback won the most awards with 3 awards. Nominees for the Peoples Choice awards had been announced, four nominations had already been chosen by MuchMusic and one wild card nomination will be chosen which has the most votes on the MuchMusic website. Shad — The Old Prince Still Lives at Home Lady Gaga — Poker Face Beyoncé — Single Ladies Britney Spears — Womanizer Kanye West — Heartless Katy Perry — Hot n Cold Kevin Rudolf feat. Lil Wayne — Let It Rock Kelly Clarkson — My Life Would Suck Without You Lil Wayne — A Milli Miley Cyrus — The Climb T. I. feat, chubb Rock — ABCs Kardinall Offishall feat. Hilton reported in a video on his blog that he was clubbed in the eye by the said manager, will. i. am also later tweeted, defending the groups position in this matter. According to will. i. am, Perez was being provocative in his blog regarding Black Eyed Peas member Fergie, as well as their latest album release, molina was arrested following the incident and appeared in a court hearing in Toronto on August 5,2009
2009 MuchMusic Video Awards
–
2009 MuchMusic Video Awards Logo
18.
Over You (Girlicious song)
–
Over You is a song by American girl-group Girlicious, from their second album, Rebuilt. It was written by August Rigo and it officially impacted Canadian radio on December 25,2009. It was digitally released to iTunes Canada on January 5,2010, over You is also the first official single not to feature former member Tiffanie Anderson who parted back in 2009 citing personal differences between the girls. The song was scrapped as a single to be replaced by Maniac. The song was added to Canadian radio on December 25,2009. The song was performed for the first time on March 12 at CHUM FM FanFest 2010, despite not receiving a physical release the single managed to chart on the Canadian Hot 100 where it was listed for 11 weeks. The first week of release the single reached its peak of 52 solely from digital downloads, over You is also the first song by the group to be listed on the Canadian National Airplay List. Originally a music video was planned, but with the release of Maniac in April 2010, the video was officially scrapped
Over You (Girlicious song)
–
"Over You"
19.
ITunes
–
ITunes is a media player, media library, online radio broadcaster, and mobile device management application developed by Apple Inc. It is used to play, download, and organize digital downloads of music and video on personal computers running the macOS, the iTunes Store is also available on the iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch. Application software for the iPhone, iPad and iPod Touch can be downloaded from the App Store. ITunes 12.5 is the most recent major version of iTunes, available for Mac OS X v10.9.5 or later and Windows 7 or later, it was released on September 13,2016. ITunes 12.2 added Apple Music to the application, along with the Beats 1 radio station, soundJam MP, developed by Bill Kincaid and released by Casady & Greene in 1998, was renamed iTunes when Apple purchased it in 2000. Jeff Robbin, Kincaid, and Dave Heller moved to Apple as part of the acquisition and they simplified SoundJams user interface, added the ability to burn CDs, and removed its recording feature and skin support. On January 9,2001, iTunes 1.0 was released at Macworld San Francisco, originally a Mac OS 9-only application, iTunes began to support Mac OS X when version 2.0 was released nine months later, which also added support for the original iPod. Version 3 dropped Mac OS9 support but added smart playlists, in April 2003, version 4.0 introduced the iTunes Store, in October, version 4.1 added support for Microsoft Windows 2000 and Windows XP. Introduced at Macworld 2005 with the new iPod Shuffle, Version 4.7, Version 7.0 introduced gapless playback and Cover Flow in September 2006. In March 2007, iTunes 7.1 added support for Windows Vista, iTunes lacked support for 64-bit versions of Windows until the 7.6 update on January 16,2008. ITunes is supported under any 64-bit version of Windows Vista, although the iTunes executable is still 32-bit, the 64-bit versions of Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 are not supported by Apple, but a workaround has been devised for both operating systems. Version 8.0 added Genius playlists, grid view, iTunes 9 added Homeshare, enabling automatic updating of purchased items across other computers on the same subnet and offers a new iTunes Store UI. Genius Mixes were added, as well as improved app synchronization abilities and it also adds iTunes LPs to the store, which provides additional media with an album. Apple added iTunes Extras as well to the store, which adds content usually reserved for films on DVD, both iTunes LPs and Extras use web-standards HTML, JavaScript and CSS. iTunes acts as a front end for Apples QuickTime media framework. Officially, it is required in order to manage the data of an iPod, iPhone, or iPad. In addition, users are able to add PDF files to their library, the PDFs can be synchronized with and read on several devices except the regular iPod. iTunes 8.0 saw the removal of several options in the Preferences window. For example, iTunes once gave users the option to display arrows beside the selected songs title, artist, album and these arrows are no longer removable, except through the direct editing of a preferences file. ITunes keeps track of songs by creating a library, allowing users to access
ITunes
–
The icon used by Apple to represent a podcast
ITunes
–
A preview of the
Windows 10 version.
20.
Maniac (Girlicious song)
–
Maniac is a song performed by American girl group Girlicious. Released as the single from their second album, Rebuilt. It officially impacted Canadian radio on March 23,2010 and it was released to iTunes Canada on April 6,2010. Maniac reached number seventy-four on the Canadian Hot 100 and it performed best on the Serbian Top 50 singles where it charted for eleven weeks and reached a peak of eleven. Maniac was written by Josh Ramsay of Marianas Trench, natalie Mejia explained the main concept behind the song saying, It is just about a love that kind of drives you crazy. You know how love can be, nichole Cordova later added, Weve all been through that crazy love, so thats what the song is about. The single was performed for the first time on March 12 at CHUM FM FanFest 2010, on 4 June 2010, they performed the single at Toronto Pride. On March 22,2010 a 1,30 clip of the song premiered on the official website. A day later on March 23,2010 the song was sent to top 40 Canadian radio stations for radio play. The single was released to iTunes Canada on April 6,2010. On the week of May 25,2010 Maniac entered and peaked on the Canadian Hot 100 at number seventy-four and it remained on the chart for two weeks. On the Serbian Top 50 singles, the song charted for eleven weeks, on Portal PopLine MTV Brazil, the Maniac video became the most requested and watched video ever, with more than 200000 views. The music video for Maniac was shot on April 6,2010 in East Los Angeles, the video was directed by Kyle Davison. It premiered on May 4,2010, the girls were featured in a special On Set with Much Music where the video initially premiered. While shooting the On Set the girls explained the concept behind the video, Basically were the patients, we act as if were insane. Its new, its exciting, its something we havent done yet, the video starts off with the three girls seen in separate cages dancing. It then cuts to Chrystinas respective solo where she is seen on an operating room table surrounded by male dancers, the following scene shows all three girls performing choreography while walking down a hallway. Nichole in her solo, is seen on a bed singing her verses while being loured by male dancers
Maniac (Girlicious song)
–
"Maniac"
21.
Jersey Shore Soundtrack
–
Jersey Shore is an American reality television series which ran on MTV from December 3,2009 to December 20,2012 in the United States. The series follows the lives of eight housemates spending their summer at the Jersey Shore in the U. S. state of New Jersey, Season 2 followed the cast escaping the cold northeast winter to Miami Beach, Florida, with Season 3 returning to the Jersey Shore. The fourth season, filmed in Italy, premiered on August 4,2011, the show returned for a fifth season, at Seaside Heights, New Jersey on January 5,2012. The fifth-season finale aired on March 15,2012, on March 19,2012, MTV confirmed that the series would return for their sixth season. On August 30,2012, MTV announced that the Jersey Shore would end after the sixth season, the series finale aired on December 20,2012. The University of Chicago and the University of Oklahoma are among the institutions that have had classes or conferences about the show. In 2010, the cast of Jersey Shore were named on Barbara Walters 10 Most Fascinating People list, in Japan the series was titled MTV Jersey Shore - the New Jersey life of macaroni rascals. Another remake of the show is Gandía Shore, set in Gandía, acapulco Shore was announced in January 2014, with the premiere to take place in September 2014. VH1 producer Anthony Beltempo proposed the idea of a show focusing on the lifestyle for TV. Van Toffler described the process by saying they looked for candor, honesty, boldness. You could honestly say none of these people were traditionally beautiful, the series follows the lives of eight housemates spending their summer in a summer share in Seaside Heights, New Jersey, known as The Jersey Shore House. Jersey Shore premiered on December 3,2009, with back-to-back episodes, Season 1 posted strong growth every week and ranked #1 in its time period versus all cable competition among P12–34 during the first quarter of 2010, with a season high 2.6 rating for the finale. The season 1 finale audience,4.8 million, was more than triple that of the premiere, an increase of more than 3.4 million, overall, the season 1 averaged 2.7 million viewers. In an article in Rolling Stone, it was mentioned that the house had 35 remote-controlled cameras in fixed locations,12 hand-held ones, one IMX camera, Nicole Polizzi said that, They have cameras everywhere, all the time. You kind of get a little paranoid, because youre like, but thats why we go crazy. Thats why we fight each other. Were living in a house for two months with that shit and we cant have cellphones, TV, radio or internet. Its like a prison, with cameras, the only time were not on camera is when were in the shower, and thats why we all take three-hour showers, just to get away from it all
Jersey Shore Soundtrack
–
Paul "DJ Pauly D" DelVecchio and Mike "The Situation" Sorrentino during shooting in
Florence, Italy in May 2011.
Jersey Shore Soundtrack
–
Jersey Shore
22.
Rebuilt
–
Rebuilt is the second and final studio album by the American girl group Girlicious. The album was released on November 22,2010, by Universal Music Canada, the album draws from the dance-pop genre while infusing hints of R&B. Production initially started in early 2009, after former member Tiffanie Anderson parted citing personal differences between the girls, the album has sparked four singles and one promotional single, The first being, Over You which was released on January 5,2010. The song reached number fifty-two on the Canadian Hot 100, maniac was released on April 6,2010 as the albums second single. The song peaked lower than its previous single reaching number seventy-four, drank was released on July 20,2010 to Canada and to the United States as a promotional song for Rebuilt as well as being included on Jersey Shores album soundtrack. The albums third single entitled 2 In The Morning reached a peak of thirty-five giving the group their highest charting single since Stupid Shit, Hate Love was released on February 21,2011 to Canadian radio stations as the groups fourth and final single from the album. After the departure of Tiffanie Anderson in mid 2009, the group working on their follow up album after switching from Geffen Records to Universal Music Canada. The album features more of a dance-pop genre while still incorporating hints of R&B, the group explained that they chose to switch genres so that their music would more accurately reflect their musical tastes as well as themselves. During the writing of the album, the girls had a bigger hand this time around explaining, there wasnt a person in the room saying, this is what we need it to be. We got to pick the parts we want to sing the album will reflect more of who we are, over You was released as the albums first single and was sent to Canadian radio on December 25,2009. It was released to Canadian iTunes on January 5,2010, the single reached number fifty-two on the Canadian Hot 100. Maniac was released as the single on April 6,2010. The song charted at number seventy-four on the Canadian Hot 100, the song charted on the Serbian Top 50 singles, where it was listed for eleven weeks and reached a peak of eleven. The accompanying music video premiered on May 4,2010, the girls were featured in a special On Set with Much Music where the video initially premiered. Drank was released on July 20,2010 to digital retailers in Canada and it was released as a promotional single from Rebuilt and is featured as the 11 track on the iTunes Deluxe Edition. The single version features a guest rap verse by artist Spose, the song was also featured on the Jersey Shore Soundtrack album without Spose verse. 2 in the Morning was released as the third single on August 31,2010. The song reached a peak of thirty-five on the Canadian Hot 100 becoming their highest charting song since Stupid Shit and it contains a sample of Pesenka performed by Russian band Ruki Vverh
Rebuilt
–
Rebuilt
23.
2 In the Morning (Girlicious song)
–
2 in the Morning is the third single by the American pop group Girliciouss second album Rebuilt. It was produced by Kuya Productions and Jedi and it was digitally released to the Canadian iTunes Store on August 31,2010 in Canada, and to the American iTunes Store on August 31,2010. The song samples ATCs Around the World, the song debuted on the Canadian Airplay chart at number 48 on the week of September 1,2010. The single eventually reached its peak on its seventh week on the chart, on the week of September 10,2010, the song debuted on the Canadian Hot 100 at number 57. On the week of November 13,2010, the song reached its peak at number 35 making it so far the most successful single from this era, the single remained on the Canadian Hot 100 chart for a total of 14 weeks. On January 11,2011, Girlicious released to Canadian iTunes as digital download the first official remix of 2 in the Morning which was dubbed as Original Harper & Brother Remix
2 In the Morning (Girlicious song)
–
"2 in the Morning"
24.
Hate Love
–
Rebuilt is the second and final studio album by the American girl group Girlicious. The album was released on November 22,2010, by Universal Music Canada, the album draws from the dance-pop genre while infusing hints of R&B. Production initially started in early 2009, after former member Tiffanie Anderson parted citing personal differences between the girls, the album has sparked four singles and one promotional single, The first being, Over You which was released on January 5,2010. The song reached number fifty-two on the Canadian Hot 100, maniac was released on April 6,2010 as the albums second single. The song peaked lower than its previous single reaching number seventy-four, drank was released on July 20,2010 to Canada and to the United States as a promotional song for Rebuilt as well as being included on Jersey Shores album soundtrack. The albums third single entitled 2 In The Morning reached a peak of thirty-five giving the group their highest charting single since Stupid Shit, Hate Love was released on February 21,2011 to Canadian radio stations as the groups fourth and final single from the album. After the departure of Tiffanie Anderson in mid 2009, the group working on their follow up album after switching from Geffen Records to Universal Music Canada. The album features more of a dance-pop genre while still incorporating hints of R&B, the group explained that they chose to switch genres so that their music would more accurately reflect their musical tastes as well as themselves. During the writing of the album, the girls had a bigger hand this time around explaining, there wasnt a person in the room saying, this is what we need it to be. We got to pick the parts we want to sing the album will reflect more of who we are, over You was released as the albums first single and was sent to Canadian radio on December 25,2009. It was released to Canadian iTunes on January 5,2010, the single reached number fifty-two on the Canadian Hot 100. Maniac was released as the single on April 6,2010. The song charted at number seventy-four on the Canadian Hot 100, the song charted on the Serbian Top 50 singles, where it was listed for eleven weeks and reached a peak of eleven. The accompanying music video premiered on May 4,2010, the girls were featured in a special On Set with Much Music where the video initially premiered. Drank was released on July 20,2010 to digital retailers in Canada and it was released as a promotional single from Rebuilt and is featured as the 11 track on the iTunes Deluxe Edition. The single version features a guest rap verse by artist Spose, the song was also featured on the Jersey Shore Soundtrack album without Spose verse. 2 in the Morning was released as the third single on August 31,2010. The song reached a peak of thirty-five on the Canadian Hot 100 becoming their highest charting song since Stupid Shit and it contains a sample of Pesenka performed by Russian band Ruki Vverh
Hate Love
–
Rebuilt
25.
Carmen Electra
–
Tara Leigh Patrick, better known by her stage name Carmen Electra, is an American glamour model, actress, television personality, singer, and dancer. She hosted MTV Spring Break for some time, Carmen Electra was born Tara Leigh Patrick in Sharonville, Ohio to Harry Patrick, a guitarist and entertainer, and his wife Patricia, a singer. There, she was a classmate of Nick Lachey, with whom she appeared in a production of Peter Pan. Electra, who told People Magazine in 1997 that shed wanted to dance on Broadway, graduated from Princeton High School in Sharonville in 1990, additionally, Electra attended and graduated from Barbizon Modeling and Acting School in Cincinnati. Electra has English, Irish, German, and Dutch ancestry and she said of her mother, My mom was my rock, and described her older sister Debbie as being like a second mother to me. After Debbie moved to Illinois, Electra said her life revolved around my mom and she was my best friend, in my life 24/7 whether I wanted her there or not. Electra started her career in 1990 as a dancer at Kings Island in Mason, Ohio, in the show Its Magic. In 1991, she moved to California and met Prince, soon after, Electra signed a recording contract with Princes Paisley Park Records and began a short-lived singing career. During her time at Paisley Park Records, she became known as Carmen Electra. In 1995, Electra started appearing in television shows, in May 1996, she was featured in a nude pictorial in Playboy magazine, the first of several. This exposure led to higher profile television appearances, including Baywatch and she returned to Baywatch for the 2003 reunion movie, Baywatch, Hawaiian Wedding. Electra was featured in Playboy four more times, June 1997, December 2000, April 2003, and she was on the cover of the last three of these issues. In 1997, Electra appeared in the films American Vampire and Good Burger, in 1997, Electra modeled for the covers of the comic books Razor and the Ladies of London Night by London Night Studios. Electra appeared in commercials for Maxim Mens Hair Color products, in 2006, Electra signed on as the spokesmodel for Ritz Camera Centers, appearing in their television and print ads with CEO David Ritz. She is featured in some video spoofs of lonelygirl15 that advertised Epic Movie and that same year she appeared as the face and spokesperson for Max Factor cosmetics in their television and print ads. In 2007, Electra became an author with the release of her book. She is the oldest cover girl in the history of FHM Magazine. In 1999, she appeared in the Bloodhound Gangs music video of The Inevitable Return of the Great White Dope and that same year she appeared in the film The Mating Habits of the Earthbound Human
Carmen Electra
–
Carmen Electra in 2013.
26.
Pussycat Dolls
–
The Pussycat Dolls were an American girl group and dance ensemble, founded in Los Angeles, California, by choreographer Robin Antin in 1995 as a burlesque troupe. Overseen by Antin, Interscope and various partners, the group was transformed into a global image, the Pussycat Dolls achieved worldwide success with hit singles Dont Cha, Buttons, Stickwitu, and their first album PCD. However, despite their success, the group was plagued by internal conflict due to the emphasis on Scherzinger, the groups lead vocalist. Bachars departure from the group preceded the release of their second and final studio album Doll Domination, in 2009, they announced a minor hiatus that was later revealed to be an official break-up. The Dolls brand diversified into merchandise, reality programs, a Las Vegas act, product endorsements, spin-off recording groups. Billboard ranked the Pussycat Dolls as the 80th most successful act of the 2000s. The group has sold 54 million records worldwide, making one of the best-selling girl groups of all time. In 2012, The Pussycat Dolls ranked 100th on VH1s 100 Greatest Women in Music, Antin began exploring the idea of a modern burlesque troupe during 1990 with Carla Kama and Christina Applegate as performers. The troupe began to perform in 1995, with a repertoire of 1950s and 1960s popular music standards while dressed in lingerie or old-fashioned pin-up costumes and they secured a Thursday night residency at a Los Angeles nightclub, the Viper Room, where they stayed from 1995 to 2001. They appeared briefly in the 1998 films Matters of Consequence, from 1995 to 2003 there were numerous guest vocalists, and many changes to the dance personnel. The troupe received wider press coverage during June 1999, when Playboy featured a Pussycat Dolls pictorial, three years later, The Pussycat Dolls moved to the Roxy. They were featured in magazines, television specials for MTV and VH1, ad campaigns, some of The Pussycat Dolls appeared in the 2003 film Charlies Angels, Full Throttle, dancing to Mancinis The Pink Panther Theme. They were also featured in Pinks Trouble music video, along with Applegate, Christina Aguilera and Carmen Electra the troupe was featured in a Maxim magazine shoot in 2002, which increased public interest in them. Following their growing popularity, music producers Jimmy Iovine and Ron Fair became involved with the group helping them to transform into a franchise, the former dance troupe evolved into a popular music recording group and became employees of Iovines label Interscope Records. The only troupe members who remained after the process were Robin Antin, Carmit Bachar, Cyia Batten, Kasey Campbell, Ashley Roberts, Jessica Sutta. During 2003, Antin struck a joint venture with Interscope Records to develop The Pussycat Dolls into a brand, auditions followed suit, for a separate group which would not include celebrity members. Singers Nicole Scherzinger, Melody Thornton and Kaya Jones were recruited, joining Carmit Bachar, Ashley Roberts, Jessica Sutta, in February 2004 they performed Big Spender live at the MTV Asia Awards. In 2004, they recorded We Went as Far as We Felt Like Going for the Shark Tale soundtrack and recorded the single, Jones left the group in 2005, Batten and Campbell had left earlier
Pussycat Dolls
–
The Pussycat Dolls pose for the troops in front of an Operation Iraqi Freedom unit seal on Camp Buehring, Kuwait, on March 10, 2008. (L–R): Melody Thornton, Ashley Roberts, Jessica Sutta, Kimberly Wyatt and Nicole Scherzinger.
Pussycat Dolls
–
The Pussycat Dolls performing "Stickwitu" in 2005.
Pussycat Dolls
–
The Pussycat Dolls performing "Buttons" on September 3, 2008.
Pussycat Dolls
–
The PCD Casino located at the Caesars Palace in Las Vegas.
27.
Houston, Texas
–
Houston is the most populous city in the state of Texas and the fourth-most populous city in the United States. With a census-estimated 2014 population of 2.239 million within an area of 667 square miles, it also is the largest city in the southern United States and the seat of Harris County. Located in Southeast Texas near the Gulf of Mexico, it is the city of Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land. Houston was founded on August 28,1836, near the banks of Buffalo Bayou and incorporated as a city on June 5,1837. The city was named after former General Sam Houston, who was president of the Republic of Texas and had commanded, the burgeoning port and railroad industry, combined with oil discovery in 1901, has induced continual surges in the citys population. Houstons economy has an industrial base in energy, manufacturing, aeronautics. Leading in health care sectors and building equipment, Houston has more Fortune 500 headquarters within its city limits than any city except for New York City. The Port of Houston ranks first in the United States in international waterborne tonnage handled, the city has a population from various ethnic and religious backgrounds and a large and growing international community. Houston is the most diverse city in Texas and has described as the most diverse in the United States. It is home to cultural institutions and exhibits, which attract more than 7 million visitors a year to the Museum District. Houston has a visual and performing arts scene in the Theater District. In August 1836, two real estate entrepreneurs from New York, Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen, purchased 6,642 acres of land along Buffalo Bayou with the intent of founding a city. The Allen brothers decided to name the city after Sam Houston, the general at the Battle of San Jacinto. The great majority of slaves in Texas came with their owners from the slave states. Sizable numbers, however, came through the slave trade. New Orleans was the center of trade in the Deep South. Thousands of enslaved African Americans lived near the city before the Civil War, many of them near the city worked on sugar and cotton plantations, while most of those in the city limits had domestic and artisan jobs. Houston was granted incorporation on June 5,1837, with James S. Holman becoming its first mayor, in the same year, Houston became the county seat of Harrisburg County and the temporary capital of the Republic of Texas
Houston, Texas
–
Clockwise from top: Sam Houston monument,
Downtown Houston,
Houston Ship Channel,
The Galleria,
University of Houston, and the
Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Mission Control Center.
Houston, Texas
–
Sam Houston
Houston, Texas
–
Houston, c. 1873
Houston, Texas
–
Union Station, Houston, Texas (postcard, c. 1911)
28.
Jill Scott
–
Jill Scott is an American singer-songwriter, model, poet and actress. Her 2000 debut, Who Is Jill Scott, Words and Sounds Vol.1, went platinum, and the follow-ups Beautifully Human, Words and Sounds Vol.2 and The Real Thing, Words and Sounds Vol.3 both achieved gold status. She made her debut in the films Hounddog and Tyler Perrys Why Did I Get Married. After a four-year hiatus from music, Scott released her album, The Light of the Sun. In 2014, she starred in the film Get On Up as the wife of James Brown. She also appeared as the role in the BBC/HBO series The No.1 Ladies Detective Agency. In 2015, she released her album, Woman. Scott was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and she grew up an only child in a North Philadelphia neighborhood, raised by her mother, Joyce Scott, and her grandmother. She indicated in an interview with Jet Magazine that she had a childhood and was. Scott was raised as a Jehovahs Witness and attended the Philadelphia High School for Girls, after graduating from high school, Scott attended Temple University while simultaneously working two jobs. She studied secondary education for three years and, at one time, planned to become a high school English teacher, however, after serving as a teachers aide, Scott became disillusioned with a teaching career, and she dropped out of college. Prior to breaking through the industry, Scott worked at a variety of jobs, including a number of retail positions and stints at a construction site. Scott began her career as a spoken word artist, appearing at live poetry readings to perform her work. She was eventually discovered by Amir Questlove Thompson of the Roots, Questlove invited her to join the band in the studio. The collaboration resulted in a credit for Scott on the song. Subsequently, Scott collaborated with Eric Benet, Will Smith, and Common, Scott was the first artist signed to Steve McKeevers Hidden Beach Recordings label. Her debut album, Who Is Jill Scott, Words and Sounds Vol.1 was released in 2000. She experienced some notice and chart success with the single A Long Walk, Scott lost that award, but won a 2005 Grammy for Best Urban/Alternative R&B Performance for Cross My Mind
Jill Scott
–
Scott performing as part of "Jazz in the Gardens", March 17, 2012
Jill Scott
–
Scott performing in Hamburg, Germany in 2000
29.
Christina Aguilera
–
Christina María Aguilera is an American singer, songwriter, actress and television personality. Born in Staten Island, New York and raised in Rochester and Wexford, Pennsylvania, she appeared on the television series Star Search, after recording Reflection, the theme for Disneys 1998 film Mulan, Aguilera signed with RCA Records. She rose to prominence with her 1999 self-titled debut album spawned the Billboard Hot 100 number one singles, Genie in a Bottle, What a Girl Wants. The following year, Aguilera released two albums, the Spanish-language album Mi Reflejo and the holiday album My Kind of Christmas. She assumed creative control for her studio album, Stripped, which produced Dirrty, Beautiful. Aguileras fifth studio album, Back to Basics, debuted at one on the album charts of ten countries and spawned the tracks Aint No Other Man. In 2010, Aguilera released her studio album Bionic and starred in the film Burlesque. The following year, she debuted as a coach on the reality television series The Voice. Her seventh studio album, Lotus, was released in 2012, Aguilera has also been featured on several successful collaborations during her career, including Lady Marmalade, Moves like Jagger, and Say Something. Aguilera has been recognized as a pop icon and earned the title Pop Princess in her early years and her work has earned her five Grammy Awards, one Latin Grammy Award, and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. She has sold over 17.9 million albums in the United States as of 2014 and 50 million albums worldwide as of 2015. In 2009, she ranked at number 58 on Rolling Stones list of 100 Greatest Singers of All Time, thereby becoming the youngest and the only artist under 30 to be named. Billboard recognized her as the 20th most successful artist of the 2000s, aside from her work in the entertainment industry, Aguilera is involved in charitable activities through human rights, world issues, and her work as a UN ambassador for the World Food Programme. Christina María Aguilera was born in Staten Island, New York, on December 18,1980, to Shelly Loraine, a musician, and Fausto Xavier Aguilera and her father is Ecuadorian, while her mother has German, Irish, Welsh, and Dutch ancestry. Her family moved frequently because of her fathers service, and lived in places including New Jersey, Texas, New York. Aguilera and her mother alleged that her father was physically and emotionally abusive, claims which he denied, Aguilera used music as a form of escape from her turbulent household. Following her parents divorce when she was six years old, Aguilera, her younger sister Rachel, after several years of being estranged, Aguilera expressed interest in reconciling with her father in 2012. Growing up, Aguilera, known locally as the girl with the big voice, aspired to be a singer, singing in local talent shows
Christina Aguilera
–
Aguilera at the Sanremo Music Festival
Christina Aguilera
–
Aguilera performing "The Voice Within", the fifth single from Stripped, during The Stripped Tour (2003)
Christina Aguilera
–
Aguilera singing "What A Girl Wants" during the "Back to Basics World Tour"
Christina Aguilera
–
Aguilera (at premiere of "To John With Love", September 2010).
30.
Something He Can Feel
–
Something He Can Feel is a song composed by Curtis Mayfield for the 1976 motion picture Sparkle. In the original 1976 version of the film Sparkle, the song is performed by Sister & the Sisters, with Lonette McKee on lead vocal, and Irene Cara and Dwan Smith on backing vocals. Sparkle revolves around the lives of the members of Sister & the Sisters, a 1960s Motown-esque girl group, and Something He Can Feel is present in the film as part of their repertoire. Sparkle would be remade in 2012, as would Something He Can Feel, in an allusion to Aretha Franklins version of the song and soundtrack, Sister & Her Sisters perform Something He Can Feel as part of a live TV performance headlined by Franklin. In 1988, a rap and Hip Hop artist, Afrika Bambaataa recorded a version of Something He Can Feel. The cover, released on the album, The light, an album with lead vocals on this song by Boy George. Fifteen years after Sparkle was released, R&B group En Vogue recorded a version of Something He Can Feel. The En Vogue cover, released as the single from the groups second album, Funky Divas, was also a successful hit. The single peaked at six on the Billboard Hot 100. This song is led entirely by Dawn Robinson and background vocals lead by Terry Ellis, Cindy Herron, nichole Cordova performed the En Vogues version of Something He Can Feel on the season finale of Pussycat Dolls Present, Girlicious where she became the first member of Girlicious. She received high praise from the judges, List of number-one R&B singles of 1976 List of number-one R&B singles of 1992 Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
Something He Can Feel
–
"Giving Him Something He Can Feel"
31.
San Diego, California
–
San Diego is a major city in California, United States. It is in San Diego County, on the coast of the Pacific Ocean in Southern California, approximately 120 miles south of Los Angeles and immediately adjacent to the border with Mexico. With an estimated population of 1,394,928 as of July 1,2015, San Diego is the eighth-largest city in the United States and second-largest in California. It is part of the San Diego–Tijuana conurbation, the second-largest transborder agglomeration between the US and a country after Detroit–Windsor, with a population of 4,922,723 people. San Diego has been called the birthplace of California, historically home to the Kumeyaay people, San Diego was the first site visited by Europeans on what is now the West Coast of the United States. Upon landing in San Diego Bay in 1542, Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo claimed the area for Spain, the Presidio and Mission San Diego de Alcalá, founded in 1769, formed the first European settlement in what is now California. In 1821, San Diego became part of the newly independent Mexico, in 1850, California became part of the United States following the Mexican–American War and the admission of California to the union. The city is the seat of San Diego County and is the center of the region as well as the San Diego–Tijuana metropolitan area. San Diegos main economic engines are military and defense-related activities, tourism, international trade, the presence of the University of California, San Diego, with the affiliated UCSD Medical Center, has helped make the area a center of research in biotechnology. The original inhabitants of the region are now known as the San Dieguito, the area of San Diego has been inhabited by the Kumeyaay people. The first European to visit the region was Portuguese-born explorer Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo sailing under the flag of Castile, sailing his flagship San Salvador from Navidad, New Spain, Cabrillo claimed the bay for the Spanish Empire in 1542, and named the site San Miguel. In November 1602, Sebastián Vizcaíno was sent to map the California coast, in May 1769, Gaspar de Portolà established the Fort Presidio of San Diego on a hill near the San Diego River. It was the first settlement by Europeans in what is now the state of California, in July of the same year, Mission San Diego de Alcalá was founded by Franciscan friars under Junípero Serra. By 1797, the mission boasted the largest native population in Alta California, with over 1,400 neophytes living in, Mission San Diego was the southern anchor in California of the historic mission trail El Camino Real. Both the Presidio and the Mission are National Historic Landmarks, in 1821, Mexico won its independence from Spain, and San Diego became part of the Mexican territory of Alta California. In 1822, Mexico began attempting to extend its authority over the territory of Alta California. The fort on Presidio Hill was gradually abandoned, while the town of San Diego grew up on the land below Presidio Hill. The Mission was secularized by the Mexican government in 1833, the 432 residents of the town petitioned the governor to form a pueblo, and Juan María Osuna was elected the first alcalde, defeating Pío Pico in the vote
San Diego, California
–
Images from top, left to right: San Diego Skyline,
Coronado Bridge, museum in
Balboa Park, Serra Museum in
Presidio Park and the
Old Point Loma lighthouse
San Diego, California
–
Kumeyaay people lived in San Diego before Europeans settled there.
San Diego, California
–
Namesake of the city,
Didacus of Alcalá: Saint Didacus in Ecstasy Before the Cross by Murillo (Musée des Augustins)
San Diego, California
–
Mission San Diego de Alcalá
32.
VIBE Vixen
–
VIBE Vixen was a magazine geared towards female readers of Vibe Magazine that covered fashion, beauty, dating, entertainment, sex, and societal issues for urban minded females. The magazine was released in fall of 2004 and sales were considered successful enough for the magazine to be issued on a quarterly basis. The magazine went online in April 2013, stars who graced VIBE Vixens covers included Ciara, Tracee Ellis Ross, Kimora Lee Simmons, Ariana Grande, Serena Williams, Steve Buscemi, Kelis, and Wendy Williams
VIBE Vixen
–
March 2012 digital issue cover
33.
Jordan Lewis
–
Jordan Michael Lewis is a professional Australian rules footballer playing for the Melbourne Football Club in the Australian Football League. He previously played for the Hawthorn Football Club from 2005 to 2016, Lewis was drafted by Hawthorn with the seventh selection in the 2004 AFL Draft and made his AFL debut in season 2005. Lewis was voted Hawthorns best first-year player in 2005 and he was a 2005 nominee for the AFL Rising Star award. In 2008, Lewis was part of the Hawthorn team that won the premiership against Geelong, a Hawthorn vice-captain in 2012, Lewis led the side whilst captain Luke Hodge was sidelined during the early part of the season. In 2014 Lewis played his 200th AFL game in Round 7, Jordan also won his third premiership for Hawthorn as well as earning his first ever Peter Crimmins Medal. At the end of the 2015 season, Lewis became one of only seven current AFL players to have won four AFL premierships, at the conclusion of the 2016 season, Lewis was traded to the Melbourne Football Club. Lewis carried the newborn onto the podium as he was awarded his medallion, Jordan Lewiss profile on the official website of the Melbourne Football Club Jordan Lewiss statistics from AFL Tables
Jordan Lewis
–
Jordan Lewis playing for Hawthorn in 2007
Jordan Lewis
–
Jordan Lewis
34.
Diamond Bar, California
–
Diamond Bar is a city located in eastern Los Angeles County, California, United States. The 2014 population estimate was 56,784, up from 56,287 at the 2000 census and it is named after the diamond over a bar branding iron registered in 1918 by ranch owner Frederick E. Lewis. The city features a public Los Angeles County golf course and it is also home to the Diamond Bar Country Estates, a private guarded community. Located at the junction of the Pomona and Orange freeways, Diamond Bar is primarily residential with shopping centers interspersed throughout the city and it is surrounded by the communities such as Brea, Walnut, Chino Hills, and Rowland Heights, Pomona, and the City of Industry. Northern Diamond Bar is a part of the Pomona Unified School District, Southern Diamond Bar is a part of the Walnut Valley Unified School District. The city is served by International Polytechnic High School. It also has the first hydrogen fueling station to be built in Southern California, in 1840, Jose de la Luz Linares received the 4, 340-acre Mexican land grant Rancho Los Nogales from Governor Juan Alvarado. The land grant included Brea Canyon and the eastern Walnut Valley, Linares died in 1847, and his widow sold a part of the ranch to Ricardo Vejar for $100 in merchandise,100 calves, and the assumption of her late husbands debts. Vejar also owned the Rancho San Jose to the east, however, Vejars luck did not last that long. At the time, it was one of the largest working cattle ranches in the western U. S, the entire Diamond Bar Ranch was acquired by the Transamerica Corporation in the 1950s for the purpose of developing one of the nations first master-planned communities. Transamerica gave the Diamond Bar name to its new community and incorporated the ranchs familiar diamond, the first houses in this development were built in 1960, adjacent to the future location of the Pomona Freeway, which was built through the area ten years later. The towns development and population grew quickly after that. Transamerica oversaw all development of the community through the 1960s, the Transamerica Corporation divested itself of all its real estate ventures in the 1970s and 1980s. As a result, the Diamond Bar project was sold to multiple developers, the City of Diamond Bar was incorporated on April 18,1989. Diamond Bar is located at 34°0′6″N 117°49′15″W, the city lies roughly between the ends of the Chino Fault and the Whittier Fault, both part of the larger Elsinore Fault Zone. Positioned in the corner of the San Gabriel Valley in eastern Los Angeles County. Neighboring communities include Walnut, Rowland Heights, and Pomona, Diamond Bar is also adjacent to the Inland Empire region, with Chino Hills directly to the east, and to the south of Diamond Bar lie the cities of Brea and La Habra in Orange County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 14.9 square miles
Diamond Bar, California
–
Diamond Bar City Hall
35.
West Covina, California
–
West Covina is a city in Los Angeles County, California, located 19 miles east of Downtown Los Angeles in the eastern San Gabriel Valley and is part of Greater Los Angeles. The population for the city was 106,098 at the 2010 census, West Covina was incorporated as an independent city in 1923 to prevent the city of Covina from building a sewage farm in the area. Walnut groves and orange groves continued to flourish during the subsequent decades, the population in 1930 was 769 and blossomed to 1,549 in 1940. The decades between 1960 and 2000 demonstrated steady growth, which slowed significantly by the time of the 2010 census, the City of West Covina began the second half of the 20th century with new developments and projects, mostly brought on by big business. The City Hall and police facility were built in 1969 as the first phase of an example of a Joint Powers Authority in the County of Los Angeles. The Civic Center Joint Powers Authority, consisting of the County of Los Angeles, the Civic Center complex includes the Los Angeles County Regional Library and the Citrus Municipal Court building and the city offices. The first Redevelopment Agency project included a shopping center, the West Covina Fashion Plaza. It also included the revitalization of the sections of the shopping center. The Fashion Plaza has provided the citizens of the San Gabriel Valley with convenient access to all shopping needs, in 1991 the mall was renovated adding a food court and additional shops, as well as the redecorating of the entire mall. The mall was renamed The Plaza at West Covina, the Plaza opened a new 100,000 sq ft. wing in October 1993 featuring 50 new stores including a new Robinsons-May and interior renovation throughout The Plaza. The 2010 United States Census reported that West Covina had a population of 106,098, the population density was 6,594.3 people per square mile. The racial makeup of West Covina was 42. 8% White,4. 5% African American,1. 0% Native American,25. 8% Asian,0. 2% Pacific Islander,21. 3% from other races, and 4. 4% from two or more races. Persons of Hispanic or Latino origin were 53. 2%, the Census reported that 105,424 people lived in households,351 lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 323 were institutionalized. There were 1,664 unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 202 same-sex married couples or partnerships,4,795 households were made up of individuals and 2,164 had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.34, there were 25,360 families, the average family size was 3.68. The median age was 36.0 years, for every 100 females there were 93.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.7 males. There were 32,705 housing units at a density of 2,032.7 per square mile, of which 20,703 were owner-occupied
West Covina, California
–
The 14 story
Wells Fargo Building, tallest in the city.
West Covina, California
–
Location of West Covina in
Los Angeles County, California
36.
Janet Jackson
–
Janet Damita Jo Jackson is an American singer, songwriter, dancer and actress. After signing a contract with A&M Records in 1982, she became a pop icon following the release of her third studio album Control. Her collaborations with record producers Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis incorporated elements of rhythm and blues, funk, disco, rap, and industrial beats, which led to crossover success in popular music. In 1991 Jackson signed the first of two record-breaking multimillion-dollar contracts with Virgin Records, establishing her as one of the highest paid artists in the industry. Her debut album under the label, Janet, saw her develop an image as a sex symbol as she began to explore sexuality in her work. That same year, she appeared in her first starring role in Poetic Justice. By the end of the 1990s, she was the second most successful recording artist of the decade, the release of her seventh studio album All for You coincided with a celebration of her impact on popular music as the inaugural MTV Icon. After parting ways with Virgin she released her studio album, Discipline, her first. In 2015 she partnered with BMG Rights Management to launch her own label, Rhythm Nation. Having sold over 100 million records, Jackson is one of the artists in the history of contemporary music. In 2016, Billboard placed her number seven on its list of the Hot 100 All-Time Top Artists, in December 2016, the magazine named her the second most successful dance artist of all-time. One of the worlds most awarded artists, her longevity, records and she has been cited as an inspiration among numerous performers. Janet Jackson was born in Gary, Indiana, the youngest of ten children, to Katherine Esther, the Jacksons were lower-middle class and devout Jehovahs Witnesses, although Jackson would later refrain from organized religion. At a young age, her brothers began performing as The Jackson 5 in the Chicago-Gary area, in March 1969, the group signed a record deal with Motown, and soon had their first number-one hit. The family then moved to the Encino neighborhood of Los Angeles, Jackson had initially desired to become a horse racing jockey or entertainment lawyer, with plans to support herself through acting. Despite this, she was anticipated to pursue a career in entertainment, at age seven, Jackson performed at the Las Vegas Strip at the MGM Casino. A biography revealed her father, Joseph Jackson, was emotionally withdrawn and she began acting in the variety show The Jacksons in 1976. In 1977, she was selected to have a role as Penny Gordon Woods in the sitcom Good Times
Janet Jackson
–
Jackson performing on her
Unbreakable World Tour, 2015
Janet Jackson
Janet Jackson
–
Jackson (bottom row) in a 1976 CBS photo on the set of
The Jacksons
Janet Jackson
–
Janet Jackson featured on an iconic cover of Rolling Stone with the hands of her then-unknown husband
René Elizondo, Jr. cupping her breasts
37.
Jennifer Lopez
–
Jennifer Lynn Lopez, also known as JLo, is an American singer, actress, dancer, fashion designer, author, and producer. Lopez gained her first high-profile job as a Fly Girl dancer on In Living Color in 1991 and she received her first leading role in the Selena biopic of the same name in 1997, a portrayal that earned her a Golden Globe nomination. For her role in Out of Sight the following year, Lopez became the first Latina actress to earn over US$1 million for a film. She ventured into the industry in 1999 with her debut studio album On the 6. With the simultaneous release of her studio album J. Lo and her film The Wedding Planner in 2001, Lopez became the first woman to have a number one album. Her 2002 remix album, J to tha L–O, the Remixes, became the first in history to debut at number one on the U. S. Billboard 200. Following her second divorce, Lopez had a relationship with Ben Affleck. Then, while also overshadowing the release of Gigli, a critical and commercial failure and she subsequently married longtime friend Marc Anthony, and rebounded with the box office successes Shall We Dance. and Monster-in-Law. Her fifth studio album, Como Ama una Mujer, received the highest first-week sales for a debut Spanish album in the United States, in 2016, she began starring as Harlee Santos in the crime drama series Shades of Blue. Time listed her as one of the 25 most influential Hispanic Americans, for her contributions to the arts, Lopez has received a landmark star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame and the Billboard Icon Award, among other honors. Beyond entertainment, she enjoys a successful business career consisting of various clothing lines, accessories, fragrances, a company. Jennifer Lynn Lopez was born on July 24,1969, in the Castle Hill neighborhood of The Bronx, New York, to Puerto Rican parents Guadalupe Rodríguez and she has an older sister, Leslie, and a younger sister, Lynda, a journalist. David worked the night shift at the Guardian Insurance Company before becoming a technician at the firm. When Lopez was born, the family was living in a small apartment, a few years later, her parents had saved up enough money to be able to purchase a two-story house, which was considered a big deal for the relatively poor family. At the age of five, Lopez began taking singing and dancing lessons and she toured New York with her school when she was seven years old. Her parents stressed the importance of work ethic and being able to speak English and they encouraged their three daughters to put on performances at home—singing and dancing in front of each other and their friends so that they would stay out of trouble. Lopez spent her academic career in Catholic schools, finishing at Preston High School. In school, Lopez did gymnastics, ran track on a national level and she excelled athletically rather than academically, competing in national track championships
Jennifer Lopez
–
Lopez at the
25th GLAAD Media Awards, April 2014
Jennifer Lopez
Jennifer Lopez
–
Lopez in 2004
Jennifer Lopez
–
Lopez performing during her
Dance Again World Tour, June 2012.
38.
Diamond Ranch High School
–
Diamond Ranch High School is a high school that serves students from Diamond Bar and Phillips Ranch, CA and is operated by the Pomona Unified School District in Pomona, California. In 2003, Diamond Ranch was named as a California Distinguished School by the California Department of Education, in April 2007, it was named a California Distinguished School for the second time. The Panther Basketball Athletic team competed in the Hacienda League of the CIF Southern Section, the school was designed in an expressionist modern style by Morphosis, led by architect Thom Mayne. It is situated on a hillside on land previously considered unusable. The schools unique architectural design was recognized in the book Morphosis/Diamond Ranch High School, the name was derived from its geographical location at the junction between the City of Diamond Bar and Phillips Ranch, in Pomona, California. The school is also near to the city of Chino Hills, june 1991 - PUSD voters approved a $62.5 million general obligation bond to improve school facilities district-wide, including approximately $10 million designated for Diamond Ranch. November 1993 – The school district hires Morphosis to design the school, september 5,1997 – DRHS was officially opened for students, while construction continues. September 8,1997 – The inaugural of the first principal, Albert Webb 1999–2000 – DRHS is established, june 8,2001 – The first graduating class of DRHS. 2003 - DRHS wins Californias Distinguished School Award,2007 - DRHS wins Californias Distinguished School Award for the second time. 2013 - DRHS Wins one of Americas Best High Schools Award,2014 - DRHS wins The Daily Beast Top High Schools Award, Washington Post Top High Schools Award, U. S. Best High Schools Award Charles Brown - NFL offensive lineman Brandon Sermons - American football player Jeffrey Kipnis, Morphosis/Diamond Ranch High School The Monacelli Press,2001 ISBN 1-58093-079-4 Official Diamond Ranch High School website Official Diamond Ranch High School article by Morphosis
Diamond Ranch High School
–
Diamond Ranch High School
Diamond Ranch High School
–
View of
Pomona Valley from Diamond Ranch High School
39.
Sean Paul
–
Sean Paul Ryan Francis Henriques, is a Jamaican rapper, singer, songwriter, musician, producer and actor. Sean Paul was born in Kingston, Jamaica to parents Garth and his mother is a well-known painter. His paternal grandfather is from a family that had emigrated from Portugal and his grandmother was Afro-Caribbean, his mother is of English. Sean Paul was raised as a Catholic, though aware that his grandfather came from an old respected Jamaican Jewish family, many members of his family are swimmers. His grandfather was on the first Jamaican mens national water polo team and his father also played water polo for the team in the 1960s, and competed in long-distance swimming, while Pauls mother was a backstroke swimmer. Paul played for the water polo team from the age of 13 to 21. Harding eventually met the singer when Paul came by his studio to ask for some advice, during the meeting Paul recorded a vocal over Hardings rhythm track and in the process created the song Baby Girl. Paul began hanging out at the every day, and the pair collaborated on several more tracks. When they recorded Infiltrate they decided they had something good enough to get on the radio, as Sean Paul started to attract local attention, Harding began looking after his affairs. He later told HitQuarters that his support of Pauls fledgling career initially led him assuming the roles of DJ, manager, road manager, Paul made a quick cameo appearance in the 1998 film Belly on stage performing. He made a successful collaboration with DMX & Mr. Vegas as a soundtrack of the film. In 2000, Paul released his album, Stage One with VP Records. In 2002, he began working extensively with a team of producers and choreographers from Toronto, namely Jae Blaze and Blaze Entertainment and announced the release of his second album, Dutty Rock. Pushed by the success of the singles Gimme the Light and the Billboard Hot 100 topper, Get Busy, the album Dutty Rock won the Reggae Album of the year at the 46th Annual Grammy Awards in 2004. His single Get Busy was also nominated for best Rap Song in that year, simultaneously, Sean Paul was heard on Beyoncés U. S. #1 single Baby Boy and Blu Cantrells Breathe, a chart hit in Europe. Both helped to push his reputation further still in the United States and he appeared on Punkd,106 & Park, Sean Paul Respect, Making the Video and his music videos have been broadcast on MTV and BET. Pauls third album The Trinity was released on 27 September 2005, the album produced five big hits, We Be Burnin, Ever Blazin, Give It Up to Me, Never Gonna Be the Same and the U. S. chart-topping smash hit Temperature. The video of Give It Up to Me was featured in the movie Step Up in 2006 and he also won an American Music Award for Give It Up to Me beating Kanye West and Nick Lachey who were also nominated for the award
Sean Paul
–
Sean Paul at the B96 Summerbash 2012.
Sean Paul
–
Sean Paul in 2005
40.
Randy Jackson
–
Randall Darius Randy Jackson is an American bassist, singer, record producer, entrepreneur and television personality. He is best known from his work as a judge on American Idol. Jackson has won a Grammy Award as a producer, Jackson was born on June 23,1956, in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, the son of Julia, a homemaker, and Herman Jackson, a plant foreman. His first marriage, to Elizabeth Jackson, was dissolved in 1990, in 1995, Jackson married Erika Riker, with whom he has two children, a 14-year-old daughter named Zoe and a 12-year-old son named Jordan. In 2003, Jackson lost 114 pounds following gastric bypass surgery and he stated in a February 2008 television commercial that he has type 2 diabetes. In the early 1980s he played on three albums for Jean-Luc Ponty and with the rock band Taxxi, from 1986 to 1987 he was a session musician for the rock group Journey. Jackson played on Journeys 1986 album Raised on Radio and he moved to Italy in the late 1980s and played on a record by Italian pop star Zucchero. The record, Zucchero and the Randy Jackson Band, was produced by Corrado Rustici who played guitar with Jackson on many albums in the early 1980s and he also played with Billy Cobham. In 1985, Keith Richards was asked to provide music for the Whoopi Goldberg comedy vehicle Jumpin Jack Flash, Richards assembled an all-star band which included Aretha Franklin on piano and lead vocals and Jackson on bass guitar. This song was the track on Arethas 1986 album titled Aretha. Jackson can be seen in the songs video, in the late 1980s, Jackson was still doing sessions. He was notably on the first solo album by famed session guitarist Steve Lukather, Jackson was a featured bass guitarist on five songs on Mazes 1989 Silky Soul album. He also performed on several of Kenny Gs albums, Jackson was the bass guitarist on the 1991 self-titled Divinyls album as well as featured bassist on several tracks of Tracy Chapmans 1992 release, Matters of the Heart. He performed on the singles Bang Bang Bang, Open Arms and that same year, Jackson also played bass on Bruce Springsteens song Human Touch. Jackson has recorded, produced, or toured with many artists and bands, ranging from Mariah Carey to N Sync, Whitney Houston, Dionne Farris, Céline Dion, Fergie, Stryper. Jackson played numerous times in Jean-Luc Pontys backing band and his production/songwriting work in the San Francisco Bay Area with Narada Michael Walden and Walter Afanasieff led Jackson to be in demand as a producer as well. On March 11,2008, Jackson released an album produced entirely by himself, titled Randy Jacksons Music Club, the albums release was preceded by the single Dance Like Theres No Tomorrow sung by Paula Abdul. In 2009, Randy began working with former Idol finalist Kimberley Locke, the lead single, Strobe Light, was released March 16,2010
Randy Jackson
–
Jackson in 2009
41.
American Idol
–
It began airing on Fox on June 11,2002, and ended on April 7,2016. It started off as an addition to the Idols format based on the British series Pop Idol, the concept of the series involves discovering recording stars from unsigned singing talents, with the winner determined by the viewers in America through telephones, Internet, and SMS text voting. American Idol employed a panel of judges who critiqued the contestants performances, the original judges were record producer and music manager Randy Jackson, pop singer and choreographer Paula Abdul and music executive and manager Simon Cowell. The judging panel for the final consisted of country singer Keith Urban, singer and actress Jennifer Lopez. The first season was hosted by radio personality Ryan Seacrest and comedian Brian Dunkleman, the success of American Idol has been described as unparalleled in broadcasting history. The series was said by a rival TV executive to be the most impactful show in the history of television. It became a springboard for launching the career of many artists as bona fide stars. The series concluded after 15 seasons, American Idol was based on the British show Pop Idol created by Simon Fuller, which was in turn inspired by the New Zealand television singing competition Popstars. Television producer Nigel Lythgoe saw a version in Australia and helped bring it over to Britain, Fuller was inspired by the idea from Popstars of employing a panel of judges to select singers in audition. He then added elements, such as telephone voting by the viewing public. The show debuted in Britain in 2001 with Lythgoe as showrunner—the executive producer and production leader—and Simon Cowell as one of the judges, it was quite successful with the viewing public. In 2001, Fuller, Cowell, and TV producer Simon Jones attempted to sell the Pop Idol format to the United States, but the idea was initially met with poor responses from the Fox television network. However, Rupert Murdoch, head of Foxs parent company, was persuaded to buy the series by his daughter, Elisabeth. The show was renamed American Idol, The Search for a Superstar, Cowell was initially offered the job as showrunner but later turned down the offer, Lythgoe then took over that position. Much to Cowells surprise, it one of the biggest shows of the summer. The show grew into a phenomenon largely due to its personal engagement of the contestants, thereby prompting viewers to vote, by 2004, it had become the most-watched show on U. S. television, a position it then held for seven consecutive seasons. However, after a few years of declining ratings, the network announced that the fifteenth season would be its last. A fourth judge, radio DJ Stryker, was originally chosen, the show decided to continue with the three judges format until season eight
American Idol
–
Jennifer Lopez
American Idol
–
American Idol
American Idol
–
Keith Urban
American Idol
–
Harry Connick, Jr.
42.
Mariah Carey
–
Mariah Carey is an American singer, songwriter, record producer, and actress. In 1990, Carey rose to fame with the release of Vision of Love from her eponymous debut album, the album produced four chart-topping singles in the US and began what would become a string of commercially successful albums which solidified the singer as Columbias highest selling act. Carey and Boyz II Men spent a record sixteen weeks atop the Billboard Hot 100 in 1995–1996 with One Sweet Day, following a contentious divorce from Sony Music head Tommy Mottola, Carey adopted a new image and traversed towards hip hop with the release of Butterfly. In 1998, she was honored as the worlds best-selling recording artist of the 1990s at the World Music Awards, Carey parted with Columbia in 2000, and signed a record-breaking $100 million recording contract with Virgin Records America. In the weeks prior to the release of her film Glitter and its soundtrack in 2001. The project was received and led to a general decline in the singers career. Careys recording contract was out for $50 million by Virgin. After a relatively unsuccessful period, she returned to the top of music charts with The Emancipation of Mimi, Carey once again ventured into film with a well-received supporting role in Precious, and was awarded the Breakthrough Performance Award at the Palm Springs International Film Festival. Throughout her career, Carey has sold more than 200 million records worldwide, according to the RIAA, she is the third-best-selling female artist in the United States, with 63.5 million certified albums. With the release of Touch My Body, Carey gained her 18th number-one single in the United States, in 2012, the singer was ranked second on VH1s list of the 100 Greatest Women in Music. Mariah Carey was born in Huntington, New York, to Patricia and her mother is of Irish descent, while her father had African-American and Afro-Venezuelan ancestry. The surname Carey was adopted by her Venezuelan grandfather, Francisco Núñez, Patricia was an occasional opera singer and vocal coach before she met Alfred in 1960. As he began earning a living as an engineer, the couple married later that year. After their elopement, Patricias family disowned her for marrying a black man, Carey later explained that she felt neglected by her maternal family while growing up, which affected her greatly. In the years between the births of Careys older sister Alison and herself, the Carey family struggled within the community due to their ethnicity, Careys name was derived from the song They Call the Wind Maria, originally from the 1951 Broadway musical Paint Your Wagon. When Carey was three, her parents divorced, after their separation, Alison moved in with her father, while the other two children, Mariah and brother Morgan, remained with their mother. Carey grew apart from her father and would stop seeing him altogether. By age four, she recalled that she had begun to sneak the radio under her covers at night, during elementary school, she excelled in subjects that she enjoyed, such as music, art, and literature, but did not find interest in others
Mariah Carey
–
Carey performing on
Good Morning America in May 2013
Mariah Carey
–
Carey exiting the
Shepherd's Bush Theatre after promoting her single "Vision of Love" on
The Wogan Show, in 1990
Mariah Carey
–
Carey performing "One Sweet Day" alongside
Boyz II Men, during a taping at
Madison Square Garden on October, 1995.
Mariah Carey
–
Carey at the
Edwards Air Force Base during the making of the "
I Still Believe " music video on December, 1998.
43.
Me. I Am Mariah... The Elusive Chanteuse
–
The Elusive Chanteuse is the fourteenth studio album by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey. It was released on May 23,2014, through Def Jam Recordings, the album consists of guest appearances from Nas, Miguel, Wale, and Fabolous, as well as gospel and R&B duo Mary Mary, in addition to Careys twins Moroccan and Monroe. On the deluxe edition of the album, R. Kelly, previously titled The Art of Letting Go, the album was originally scheduled for release in 2012 following the single, Triumphant featuring Rick Ross and Meek Mill. However, after the songs underperformance, additional songs were recorded for the album, causing the release date to be pushed back several times throughout 2013, Together with Bryan Michael Cox, Carey and Dupri executively produced the album. It is named after a self-portrait that Carey drew at the age of three-years old that she captioned Me, the Elusive Chanteuse part of the title is one of Careys many monikers. After its release, the album was appreciated but was commercially unsuccessful. I Am Mariah. was promoted through a number of appearances by Carey as well as The Elusive Chanteuse Show. On September 25,2009, Careys twelfth studio album, Memoirs of an Imperfect Angel, was released. Following the cancellation of Angels Advocate, an album of Memoirs of an Imperfect Angel. It was later revealed that it would be her second Christmas album, the album, titled Merry Christmas II You, was released alongside an accompanying DVD, and was sent to retailers on November 2,2010. Merry Christmas II You debuted at four on the Billboard 200 with sales of 56,000 copies. It also became Careys 16th top ten album in the United States, the album debuted at number one on the R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart, making it only the second Christmas album to top this chart. Following the birth of her children, Carey began work on her studio album. The first indication that Carey had begun work on her studio album was in February 2011, with Carey stating. Shes been working away, and we have a studio in the crib, additionally, Cannon confirmed that Carey was inspired by her debut self-titled album and its follow-up, Emotions. On August 3,2012, Carey released Triumphant, a collaboration with rappers Rick Ross and Meek Mill, the single received low impact both critically and commercially, and was eventually removed from the album. The Island Def Jam Music Group was shuttered by Universal Music Group on April 1,2014, Island Records and Def Jam Recordings operate as separate entities, with Carey being transferred from Island to Def Jam. In September 2011, producer and friend Jermaine Dupri took to his social network Global14 to reveal that hes back in the studio with Carey working on new music, in July 2012, it was announced that Randy Jackson completed seven songs with Carey for the album
Me. I Am Mariah... The Elusive Chanteuse
–
Carey singing "#Beautiful" live on
Good Morning America, May 24, 2013.
Me. I Am Mariah... The Elusive Chanteuse
–
Me. I Am Mariah... The Elusive Chanteuse
44.
Emmalyn Estrada
–
Emmalyn Estrada is a Canadian singer, songwriter, actress and dancer of Filipino descent. Her first single, Get Down entered Billboards Canadian Hot 100 chart for the week of August 29,2009 at number 88, in May 2009, Estrada competed in the 2009 Beat Music Awards hosted by Vancouvers The Beat 94.5. Estrada won the competition Her single, Get Down debuted on July 2,2009 on the Kid Carson Show, in May 2009, Emmalyn released her first single Get Down with RockSTAR Music Corp after winning The 2009 Beat Music Awards. Emmalyn is not signed to RockSTAR Music Corp after winning The 2009 Beat Music Awards, in November 29,2010, Emmalyns first music video for her first single Dont Make Me Let You Go premiered on her YouTube account. This is her first music video with her new record label TUG Music Entertainment, in March 2013, Emmalyn had a recurring role in the popular A&E television series Bates Motel. She was a member of the girl group G. R. L. along with Natasha Slayton, Lauren Bennett, Paula van Oppen and previously Simone Battle, Emmalyn is the youngest in her family and attended Holy Cross Regional High School in Surrey, British Columbia. In October 2009, Emmalyn decided to move to Los Angeles, in June 2011, Emmalyn moved back to her hometown of Surrey, British Columbia. She is the sister of Elise Estrada
Emmalyn Estrada
–
Emmalyn Estrada in 2009
45.
Girlicious discography
–
The discography of American girl group Girlicious consists of two studio albums and seven singles. Their self-titled debut album was released in Canada on August 12,2008, the album reached number two on the Canadian Albums Chart and was certified platinum for over 80,000 copies sold. The album spawned three singles, Like Me, Stupid Shit and Baby Doll, the singles all achieved chart success in Canada, reaching the peaks of four, twenty, and fifty-five respectively. The groups second album, Rebuilt, was released on November 22,2010 via Universal Music Canada. The albums first single titled Over You reached number fifty-two on the Canadian Hot 100, the group released a second single from the album, Maniac, which peaked at number seventy-four. 2 in the Morning was released as the third single. Hate Love was released as the final single from Rebuilt and has since reached the peak of sixty-six
Girlicious discography
–
Girlicious at Mi6, West Hollywood, CA on October 14, 2009
46.
Unbreakable Tour (Backstreet Boys Tour)
–
The Backstreet Boys Unbreakable Tour was a 2008–2009 concert tour. This was the first Backstreet Boys tour without Kevin Richardson and he did, however, join his band again at the end of the tour in Los Angeles. The tour kicked off in Japan with two sold out concerts in the Tokyo Dome, the show at Londons O2 Arena on the May 14,2008 was recorded. It was first shown in MSN Music in Concert at 2,00 PM ET/11 and it was also later shown on VH1 in the UK on October 31,2008 at 9pm. However, all songs were cut from the aired program. The group is making the more like the ones they put on during the start of their career with more dancing than their previous tour. An interesting aspect of this tour is that each member perform a solo number during the concert. The group is going back to more of a matching. The Luxembourg date was suspended after a fire out at the venue the afternoon of the performance, no one was seriously injured
Unbreakable Tour (Backstreet Boys Tour)
–
Promotional poster for tour
Unbreakable Tour (Backstreet Boys Tour)
–
Backstreet Boys performing in Stockholm, Sweden on April 14, 2008.
47.
The Circus Starring Britney Spears
–
The Circus Starring Britney Spears, commonly referred to as the Circus Tour, was the seventh concert tour by American singer Britney Spears. It was launched in support of her studio album, Circus. Rumors of a tour arose as early as October 2007, after Spears released her studio album Blackout, however. The tour was announced in December 2008, with dates for American. The stage was composed of three rings and set in-the-round to resemble an actual circus, fashion designers Dean and Dan Caten created the costumes. A giant cylinder screen was set above the stage to showcase videos, magician Ed Alonzo joined Spears during the second act. The setlist was composed generally from her albums In the Zone, Blackout, Spears announced she would tour Australia for the first time in June 2009. The Circus Starring Britney Spears was described as a pop extravaganza and it was divided into five segments. The Circus featured a metamorphosis of Spears from as a ringmaster to a slave, House of Fun displayed a series of upbeat numbers with different themes, including magic and military. It ended with a Bollywood-inspired performance and a ballad in which Spears performed while floating on a giant umbrella, freakshow/Peepshow featured a video interlude set to heavy metal music, and continued with dark and sexual performances. Electro Circ displayed energetic dance routines, and the encore consisted of a montage of Spearss music videos. Some changes were made to the show throughout the tour, several songs were remixed, Spears also performed Mannequin in selected European shows and covers of Duffy and Alanis Morissette songs on some North American dates. The Circus Starring Britney Spears generated positive to mixed reception from critics, while some praised its aesthetics and deemed it as an entertaining show, others criticized Spears lack of involvement during some segments. The tour was a success, with a total gross of $131.8 million. A great number of tickets were sold within a week of the tours announcement, the tour also broke attendance records in many cities and all the North American shows were sold out. It became the fifth highest grossing tour of 2009, and the sixth highest grossing tour ever by a female artist, the show generated controversy on the Australian leg after a reporter said that a great number of fans had walked out during the performances. On September 9,2007, Spears performed Gimme More, the single from her fifth studio album Blackout at the MTV Video Music Awards. Her last live performance had been during The M+Ms Tour in May of the same year and her singing, her dancing and even her wardrobe were all commented on extensively, and it was considered hurtful for her career
The Circus Starring Britney Spears
–
The Circus Starring Britney Spears
The Circus Starring Britney Spears
–
Spears performing "Circus" as the opening song.
The Circus Starring Britney Spears
–
Spears being lifted into the air in a platform, with a ring of fire in the main stage, during a performance of "I'm a Slave 4 U".
The Circus Starring Britney Spears
–
Spears performing "Piece of Me" inside a cage while her dancers chase her.
48.
G.R.L. (band)
–
G. R. L. is a girl group formed by Robin Antin. The group consists of members Lauren Bennett, Natasha Slayton and Jazzy Mejia, past members included Simone Battle, Emmalyn Estrada, and Paula van Oppen. The original line-up consisted of Slayton, Bennett, Estrada, Van Oppen and they made their debut appearance on the Smurfs 2 soundtrack with Vacation. Their second single Ugly Heart gained international success shortly after the passing of member Simone Battle. Leaving the group as a quartet, this inspired the group to release the mildy successful promo-single Lighthouse in memory of Battle, the group disbanded shortly after its release, on June 2,2015. The group officially reformed on August 5,2016, with the addition of new member Jazzy Mejia alongside original members Bennett and Slayton, in March 2011, Antin began holding auditions to find new girls to replace the departed members of The Pussycat Dolls. The new line-up made their debut on February 5,2012, during the Super Bowl, as part of GoDaddy’s annual TV commercials, appearing with Danica Patrick. The look of the commercial is not necessarily the new look of the group this time around, said Robin Antin, adding and its a fun, real-campy kind of sexy. Its all of that, but again, what were doing for this life of the Pussycat Dolls. An official picture taken from the ad showed five members, Lauren Bennett, Paula van Oppen, Vanessa Curry, Chrystina Sayers, on 13 April 2012, it was announced that Chrystina Sayers was no longer a part of the new line-up. In July 2012, the line-up was announced consisting of Bennett and Van Oppen, with new members Natalie Mejia, Amanda Branche, in August 2012, publicity photos showed the new line-up including Simone Battle replacing Branche. In November 2012, it was revealed, through the hiring of Emmalyn Estrada, Mejia announced that she was expecting her first child with her husband, and due to her situation she made a choice to not continue with the group. In February 2013, Antin officially announced that the girls will be making their debut as a group with a different name instead of replacing the departed members of the Pussycat Dolls. The group was unveiled at Chateau Marmont in April. On June 16, the released their debut single, Vacation. The song made its debut on a national chart on the South Korea Gaon International Chart at number ninety-seven. The groups collaboration with rapper Pitbull on the single, Wild Wild Love off his album Globalization. The single peaked at thirty on the Billboard Hot 100 chart
G.R.L. (band)
–
G.R.L. on 29 September 2013. From left to right: Natasha Slayton, Paula Van Oppen, Simone Battle, Emmalyn Estrada and Lauren Bennett.
49.
IMDb
–
In 1998 it became a subsidiary of Amazon Inc, who were then able to use it as an advertising resource for selling DVDs and videotapes. As of January 2017, IMDb has approximately 4.1 million titles and 7.7 million personalities in its database, the site enables registered users to submit new material and edits to existing entries. Although all data is checked before going live, the system has open to abuse. The site also featured message boards which stimulate regular debates and dialogue among authenticated users, IMDb shutdown the message boards permanently on February 20,2017. Anyone with a connection can read the movie and talent pages of IMDb. A registration process is however, to contribute info to the site. A registered user chooses a name for themselves, and is given a profile page. These badges range from total contributions made, to independent categories such as photos, trivia, bios, if a registered user or visitor happens to be in the entertainment industry, and has an IMDb page, that user/visitor can add photos to that page by enrolling in IMDbPRO. Actors, crew, and industry executives can post their own resume and this fee enrolls them in a membership called IMDbPro. PRO can be accessed by anyone willing to pay the fee, which is $19.99 USD per month, or if paid annually, $149.99, which comes to approximately $12.50 per month USD. Membership enables a user to access the rank order of each industry personality, as well as agent contact information for any actor, producer, director etc. that has an IMDb page. Enrolling in PRO for industry personnel, enables those members the ability to upload a head shot to open their page, as well as the ability to upload hundreds of photos to accompany their page. Anyone can register as a user, and contribute to the site as well as enjoy its content, however those users enrolled in PRO have greater access and privileges. IMDb originated with a Usenet posting by British film fan and computer programmer Col Needham entitled Those Eyes, others with similar interests soon responded with additions or different lists of their own. Needham subsequently started an Actors List, while Dave Knight began a Directors List, and Andy Krieg took over THE LIST from Hank Driskill, which would later be renamed the Actress List. Both lists had been restricted to people who were alive and working, the goal of the participants now was to make the lists as inclusive as possible. By late 1990, the lists included almost 10,000 movies and television series correlated with actors and actresses appearing therein. On October 17,1990, Needham developed and posted a collection of Unix shell scripts which could be used to search the four lists, at the time, it was known as the rec. arts. movies movie database
IMDb
–
Internet Movie Database (IMDb)
50.
2 in the Morning (Girlicious song)
–
2 in the Morning is the third single by the American pop group Girliciouss second album Rebuilt. It was produced by Kuya Productions and Jedi and it was digitally released to the Canadian iTunes Store on August 31,2010 in Canada, and to the American iTunes Store on August 31,2010. The song samples ATCs Around the World, the song debuted on the Canadian Airplay chart at number 48 on the week of September 1,2010. The single eventually reached its peak on its seventh week on the chart, on the week of September 10,2010, the song debuted on the Canadian Hot 100 at number 57. On the week of November 13,2010, the song reached its peak at number 35 making it so far the most successful single from this era, the single remained on the Canadian Hot 100 chart for a total of 14 weeks. On January 11,2011, Girlicious released to Canadian iTunes as digital download the first official remix of 2 in the Morning which was dubbed as Original Harper & Brother Remix
2 in the Morning (Girlicious song)
–
"2 in the Morning"
