Gnathostomata
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Gnathostomata are jawed vertebrates. Gnathostome diversity comprises roughly 60,000 species, which accounts for 99% of all extant vertebrates, including all living bony fishes and cartilaginous fishes
Dunkleosteus terrelli skull, Royal Tyrrell Museum, Drumheller, Alberta, 2025 07 13
Wikilemon Nbrevirostris 1 Terry Goss
Pygocentrus nattereri Karlsruhe Zoo 01
Nile crocodile head
Vertebrate
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Vertebrates, also called craniates, are animals with a vertebral column and a cranium. The vertebral column surrounds and protects the spinal cord, while the cranium protects the brain.
Gnathostomata
…Gnathostomata (; from Ancient Greek: γνάθος (gnathos) 'jaw' + στόμα (stoma) 'mouth') are jawed vertebrates. Gnathostome diversity comprises roughly 60,000 species, which accounts for 99% of all extant vertebrates, including all living bony fishes (both…
Fossilized skeleton (cast) of Diplodocus carnegii, showing an extreme example of the vertebral column that gives the vertebrates their name. The species is a tetrapod, its four legs adapting the fish-like body plan for walking on land. The specimen is 26 m (85 ft) long.
Branchial arches bearing gills in a pike
The Cambrian Haikouichthys, 518 mya
Acanthostega, a Devonian labyrinthodont, c. 365 mya