1.
Billy the Kid
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Billy the Kid, born Henry McCarty, also known as William H. Bonney was an American Old West gunfighter who participated in New Mexicos Lincoln County War. He is known to have killed eight men and his first arrest was for stealing food in late 1875, and within five months he was arrested for stealing clothing and firearms. His escape from two days later and flight from New Mexico Territory into Arizona Territory made him both an outlaw and a federal fugitive. After murdering a blacksmith during an altercation in August 1877, Bonney became a man in Arizona Territory and returned to New Mexico. He became a figure in the region when he joined the Regulators. In April 1878, however, the Regulators killed three men, including Lincoln County Sheriff William J. Brady and one of his deputies, Bonney and two other Regulators were later charged with killing all three men. Bonneys notoriety grew in December 1880 when the Las Vegas Gazette in Las Vegas, New Mexico, and the New York Sun carried stories about his crimes. He was captured by Sheriff Pat Garrett later that month, tried and convicted of the murder of Brady in April 1881. Bonney escaped from jail on April 28,1881, killing two sheriffs deputies in the process, and evaded capture for more two months. He ultimately was shot and killed by Garrett in Fort Sumner on July 14,1881, over the next several decades, legends grew that Bonney had not died that night, and a number of men claimed they were him. Henry McCarty was born in New York City on September 17,1859 to Catherine McCarty and was baptized eleven days later in the Church of St. Peter, there has been confusion among historians about McCartys birthplace and birth date, and they remain unsettled. His younger brother, Joseph McCarty, was born in 1863, following the death of her husband Patrick, Catherine McCarty and her sons moved to Indianapolis, Indiana, where she met William Henry Harrison Antrim. The McCarty family moved with Antrim to Wichita, Kansas in 1870, shortly afterward, the family moved from Santa Fe to Silver City, New Mexico. Joseph McCarty took his stepfathers surname and began using the name Joseph Antrim, Catherine McCarty died of tuberculosis on September 16,1874. McCarty was 15 years old when his mother died, sarah Brown, the owner of a boardinghouse, gave him room and board in exchange for work. On September 16,1875, McCarty was caught stealing food, ten days later, McCarty and George Schaefer robbed a Chinese laundry and stole clothing and two pistols. McCarty was charged with theft and jailed and he escaped two days later and became a fugitive, as noted in the Silver City Herald the next day, the first story published about him. McCarty located his stepfather and stayed with him for a while until Antrim threw him out and it was the last time the two saw each other
2.
Joe E. Brown
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Joe E. Brown was an American actor and comedian, remembered for his amiable screen persona, comic timing, and enormous elastic-mouth smile. He was one of the most popular American comedians in the 1930s and 1940s, with films like A Midsummer Nights Dream, Earthworm Tractors. In his later career Brown starred in Some Like It Hot, as Osgood Fielding III, in which he utters the famous punchline, Well, nobodys perfect. Joseph Evans Brown was born on July 28,1891, in Holgate, Ohio, near Toledo and he spent most of his childhood in Toledo. In 1902, at the age of ten, he joined a troupe of circus tumblers known as the Five Marvelous Ashtons, later he became a professional baseball player. Despite his skill, he declined an opportunity to sign with the New York Yankees to pursue his career as an entertainer, after three seasons he returned to the circus, then went into Vaudeville and finally starred on Broadway. He gradually added comedy to his act, and transformed himself into a comedian and he moved to Broadway in the 1920s, first appearing in the musical comedy Jim Jam Jems. In late 1928, Brown began making films, starting the year with Warner Bros. He quickly became a favorite with audiences, and shot to stardom after appearing in the first all-color all-talking musical comedy On with the Show. He starred in a number of lavish Technicolor Warner Brothers musical comedies including, Sally, Hold Everything, Song of the West, by 1931, Joe E. Brown had become such a star that his name was billed above the title in the films in which he appeared. In 1933 he starred in Son of a Sailor with Jean Muir, in 1934, Brown starred in A Very Honorable Guy with Alice White and Robert Barrat, in The Circus Clown again with Patricia Ellis and with Dorothy Burgess, and with Maxine Doyle in Six-Day Bike Rider. He starred in Polo Joe with Carol Hughes and Richard Skeets Gallagher, in 1933 and 1936, he became one of the top ten earners in films. He was sufficiently well known internationally by this point to be depicted in comic strips in the British comic Film Fun for twenty years from 1933 and he left Warner Brothers to work for producer David L. Loew, starring in Whens Your Birthday. In 1938, he starred in The Gladiator, a film adaptation of Philip Gordon Wylies 1930 novel Gladiator that influenced the creation of Superman. He gradually switched to making B pictures, in 1939, Brown testified before the House Immigration Committee in support of a bill that would allow 20,000 German Jewish refugee children into the US. He later adopted two refugee children, during WWII, he spent a great deal of time entertaining troops, spending many nights working and meeting servicemen at the Hollywood Canteen. He wrote of his experiences entertaining the troops in his book Your Kids, Joe E. Browns other two sons were in the military service. In 1942 Browns son, Captain Don E. Brown, was killed when his A-20 Havoc crashed near Palm Springs, at 50, Brown himself was too old to enlist, but he traveled thousands of miles at his own expense to entertain American troops
3.
First National Pictures
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First National Pictures is a defunct American motion picture production and distribution company. It was founded in 1917 as First National Exhibitors Circuit, Inc. an association of independent theater owners in the United States, and became the countrys largest theater chain. Expanding from exhibiting movies to distributing them, the company reincorporated in 1919 as Associated First National Theatres, Inc. and Associated First National Pictures, Inc. In 1924 it expanded to become a motion picture production company as First National Pictures, Inc. in September 1928, control of First National passed to Warner Bros. into which it was completely absorbed on November 4,1929. A number of Warner Bros. films were thereafter branded First National Pictures until 1936, the First National Exhibitors Circuit was founded in 1917 by the merger of 26 of the biggest first-run cinema chains in the United States. It eventually controlled over 600 cinemas, more than 200 of them first-run houses, First National was the brainchild of Thomas L. Tally, who was reacting to the overwhelming influence of Paramount Pictures, which dominated the market. In 1912, he thought that a conglomerate of theaters throughout the nation could buy or produce, in 1917 Tally and J. D. Williams formed First National Exhibitors Circuit. The first film released through First National was the 1916 British film, between 1917 and 1918, the company made contracts with Mary Pickford and Charlie Chaplin, the first million-dollar deals in the history of film. Chaplins contract allowed him to produce his films without a set release schedule, however, the production of the feature film The Kid ran so long that the company started to complain. That patience was rewarded when The Kid became a major critical. First Nationals distribution of films by independent producers is credited with launching careers including that of Louis B, adolph Zukor of Paramount Pictures was threatened by First Nationals financial power and its control over the lucrative first-run theaters, and decided to enter the cinema business as well. With a $10 million investment, Paramount built its own chain of movie theaters after a secret plan to merge with First National failed. In the early 1920s, Paramount attempted a takeover, buying several of First Nationals member firms. Associated First National Pictures expanded from only distributing films to producing them in 1924 and changed its name to First National Pictures. It built its 62-acre studio lot in Burbank in 1926, the financial success of The Jazz Singer and The Singing Fool enabled Warner Bros. to purchase a majority interest in First National in September 1928. Warner Bros. held 42,000 shares of common stock out of 72,000 outstanding shares while Fox Pictures held 21,000 shares,12,000 shares were publicly held. Warner Bros. acquired access to First Nationals affiliated chain of theaters, Warner Bros. and First National continued to operate as separate entities. On November 4,1929, Fox sold its interest in First National to Warner Bros. for $10 million, the First National studio in Burbank became the official home of Warner Bros. –First National Pictures
4.
Warner Bros.
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Entertainment Inc. – colloquially known as Warner Bros. or Warner Bros. It is one of the Big Six major American film studios, Warner Bros. is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America. The companys name originated from the four founding Warner brothers, Harry, Albert, Sam, Jack, the youngest, was born in London, Ontario. The three elder brothers began in the theater business, having acquired a movie projector with which they showed films in the mining towns of Pennsylvania. In the beginning, Sam and Albert Warner invested $150 to present Life of an American Fireman and they opened their first theater, the Cascade, in New Castle, Pennsylvania, in 1903. When the original building was in danger of being demolished, the modern Warner Bros. called the current building owners, the owners noted people across the country had asked them to protect it for its historical significance. In 1904, the Warners founded the Pittsburgh-based Duquesne Amusement & Supply Company, in 1912, Harry Warner hired an auditor named Paul Ashley Chase. By the time of World War I they had begun producing films, in 1918 they opened the first Warner Bros. studio on Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood. Sam and Jack produced the pictures, while Harry and Albert, along with their auditor and now controller Chase, handled finance and distribution in New York City. During World War I their first nationally syndicated film, My Four Years in Germany, on April 4,1923, with help from money loaned to Harry by his banker Motley Flint, they formally incorporated as Warner Brothers Pictures, Incorporated. The first important deal was the acquisition of the rights to Avery Hopwoods 1919 Broadway play, The Gold Diggers, however, Rin Tin Tin, a dog brought from France after World War I by an American soldier, established their reputation. Rin Tin Tin debuted in the feature Where the North Begins, the movie was so successful that Jack signed the dog to star in more films for $1,000 per week. Rin Tin Tin became the top star. Jack nicknamed him The Mortgage Lifter and the success boosted Darryl F. Zanucks career, Zanuck eventually became a top producer and between 1928 and 1933 served as Jacks right-hand man and executive producer, with responsibilities including day-to-day film production. More success came after Ernst Lubitsch was hired as head director, lubitschs film The Marriage Circle was the studios most successful film of 1924, and was on The New York Times best list for that year. Despite the success of Rin Tin Tin and Lubitsch, Warners remained a lesser studio, Sam and Jack decided to offer Broadway actor John Barrymore the lead role in Beau Brummel. The film was so successful that Harry signed Barrymore to a contract, like The Marriage Circle. By the end of 1924, Warner Bros. was arguably Hollywoods most successful independent studio, as the studio prospered, it gained backing from Wall Street, and in 1924 Goldman Sachs arranged a major loan
5.
Pre-Code Hollywood
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Although the Code was adopted in 1930, oversight was poor and it did not become rigorously enforced until July 1,1934, with the establishment of the Production Code Administration. Strong female characters were ubiquitous in such films as Female, Baby Face. Gangsters in films like The Public Enemy, Little Caesar, along with featuring stronger female characters, films examined female subject matters that would not be revisited until decades later in US films. Nefarious characters were seen to profit from their deeds, in cases without significant repercussions. Many of Hollywoods biggest stars such as Clark Gable, Barbara Stanwyck, Joan Blondell, Other stars who excelled during this period, however, like Ruth Chatterton and Warren William, would wind up essentially forgotten by the general public within a generation. Beginning in late 1933 and escalating throughout the first half of 1934, in 1922, after some risqué films and a series of off-screen scandals involving Hollywood stars, the studios enlisted Presbyterian elder William H. Will Hays, a figure of unblemished rectitude, to rehabilitate Hollywoods image, Hays, later nicknamed the motion picture Czar, was paid the then-lavish sum of $100,000 a year. The Supreme Court had already decided unanimously in 1915 in Mutual Film Corporation v, lords concerns centered on the effects sound film had on children, whom he considered especially susceptible to their allure. Several studio heads, including Irving Thalberg of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, met with Lord, after some revisions, they agreed to the stipulations of the Code. One of the motivating factors in adopting the Code was to avoid direct government intervention. It was the responsibility of the Studio Relations Committee, headed by Colonel Jason S. Joy, to film production. The Code was divided into two parts, the first was a set of general principles which mostly concerned morality. The second was a set of applications which was an exacting list of items that could not be depicted. Some restrictions, such as the ban on homosexuality or the use of curse words, were never directly mentioned but were assumed to be understood without clear demarcation. Miscegenation, the mixing of the races, was forbidden and it stated that the notion of an adults-only policy would be a dubious, ineffective strategy that would be difficult to enforce. However, it did allow that maturer minds may easily understand, the Code sought not only to determine what could be portrayed on screen, but also to promote traditional values. Sexual relations outside of marriage could not be portrayed as attractive and beautiful, presented in a way that might arouse passion, nor be made to seem right, All criminal action had to be punished, and neither the crime nor the criminal could elicit sympathy from the audience. Authority figures had to be treated respectfully, and the clergy could not be portrayed as characters or villains
6.
Glendale, California
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Glendale /ˈɡlɛndeɪl/ is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. Its estimated 2014 population was 200,167, making it the third largest city in Los Angeles County and it is located about 8 miles north of downtown Los Angeles. Glendale lies on the end of the San Fernando Valley, bisected by the Verdugo Mountains. The Golden State, Ventura, Glendale, and Foothill freeways run through the city, Glendale has one of the largest communities of Armenian descent in the United States. In 2013, Glendale was named LAs Neighborhood of the Year by the readers and editors of Curbed. com, Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery contains the remains of many noted celebrities and local residents. Grand Central Airport was the point for the first commercial west-to-east transcontinental flight flown by Charles Lindbergh. The area was inhabited by the Tongva people, who were later renamed the Gabrieleños by the Spanish missionaries. Rancho San Rafael was a Spanish concession, of which 25 were made in California, unlike the later Mexican land grants, the concessions were similar to grazing permits, with the title remaining with the Spanish crown. In 1860, his grandson Teodoro Verdugo built the Verdugo Adobe, the property is the location of the Oak of Peace, where early Californio leaders including Pio Pico met in 1847 and decided to surrender to Lieutenant Colonel John C. Verdugos descendants sold the ranch in various parcels, some of which are included in present-day Atwater Village, Eagle Rock, in 1884, residents gathered to form a townsite and chose the name Glendale. Residents to the southwest formed Tropico in 1887, the Pacific Electric Railway brought streetcar service in 1904. Glendale incorporated in 1906, and annexed Tropico 12 years later, Brand loved to fly, and built a private airstrip in 1919 and hosted fly-in parties, providing a direct link to the soon-to-be-built nearby Grand Central Airport. The grounds of El Miradero are now city-owned Brand Park and the mansion is the Brand Library, Brand partnered with Henry E. Huntington to bring the Pacific Electric Railway, or the Red Cars, to the area. Today, he is memorialized by one of the main thoroughfares. The citys population rose from 13,756 in 1920 to 62,736 in 1930, the Forest Lawn Cemetery opened in 1906 and was renamed Forest Lawn Memorial-Park in 1917. Pioneering endocrinologist and entrepreneur Henry R. Harrower opened his clinic in Glendale in 1920, the American Green Cross, an early conservation and tree preservation society, was formed in 1926. In 1964, Glendale was selected by George Lincoln Rockwell to be the West Coast headquarters of the American Nazi Party and its offices, on Colorado Street in the downtown section of the city, remained open until the early 1980s. In 1977 and 1978,10 murdered women were found in, the murders were the work of Kenneth Bianchi and Angelo Buono, the latter of whom resided at 703 East Colorado Street, where most of the murders took place
7.
Travel Air 2000
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The Travel Air 2000/3000/4000, were open-cockpit biplane aircraft produced in the United States in the late 1920s by the Travel Air Manufacturing Company. During the period from 1924-1929, Travel Air produced more aircraft than any other American manufacturer, most subsequent Travel Air biplanes were derived, directly or indirectly, from the original Model A. The types shared a common structure of a conventional biplane with staggered wings braced by N-struts. The fuselage was of fabric-covered steel tube and included two open cockpits in tandem, the forward of which could carry two passengers side-by-side, some subsequent models were offered without the counterbalance, providing a cleaner, more conventional appearance and less drag. Elevator forces were trimmed out by use of a horizontal stabilizer. Travel Air entered a specially-modified Model 4000 in the Guggenheim Safe Aircraft Competition of 1930, compared to other civilian open-cockpit biplanes of the era, Travel Airs were noted for their quality of construction, reliability, durability, speed, efficiency, payload and passenger capacity. They were also noted for superior comfort and easy flying and these various distinguishing characteristics led Travel Air to outsell all rivals by 1929. The Beslers are thought to have sold the plane to the Japanese in 1937 and this was fitted with bomb racks, a fixed, forward-firing machine gun, and a trainable tail gun. In addition to a range of normal aircraft applications, and conspicuous use in a minor South American war. During the 1920s and very early 1930s, Travel Air biplanes were the most widely used civilian biplanes in America -- with the exception of their chief competitors. Initially, Travel Air biplanes were widely used for executive transport, wealthy-sportsmen adventures, air taxi and air charter service, light air cargo tramsport. Many were also used in barnstorming, exhibition and stunt flying, selling recreational rides, and early air racing. The Osprey, a Travel Air biplane variant by Curtiss-Wright, was armed with bomb racks and machine guns, and supplied to Bolivia, numerous plane-makers attempted to get their aircraft into the war, for publicity, and the Osprey initially benefitted the most from this international competition. Fitted with single machine guns fore and aft, and bomb racks, however, the action brought favorable publicity and credibility to Curtiss-Wright aircraft. Travel Air biplanes were used in 1920s/1930s war movies, particularly to represent the airplanes they were patterned after, Germanys Fokker D-VII fighter. In the motion picture industry, they were known as Wichita Fokkers, some of the many movies using Travel Air biplanes included, Wings Flying Fool Hells Angels The Dawn Patrol Heartbreak Ace Of Aces featured five Travel Air Model Bs, and numerous other planes. Hell in the Heavens Flying Devils Model B Travel Air Model A fitted with a Wright J-6 piston engine, like other Travel Air aircraft, Model 4000 variants were distinguished by letters prefixed to the basic designation to denote different engine and wing fits. CW-A14D Deluxe Sportsman Three-seat version with 240 hp Wright J-6-7 engine, cW-B14B Speedwing Deluxe Version with 300 hp Wright J-6-9 engine
8.
Skyway
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A skyway, skybridge, or skywalk is a type of pedway consisting of an enclosed or covered bridge between two or more buildings in an urban area. This protects pedestrians from the weather, in North America skyways are usually owned by businesses, and are therefore not public spaces. Skyways usually connect on the first few floors above the floor, though they are sometimes much higher. The space in the buildings connected by skyways is often devoted to retail business, non-commercial areas with closely associated buildings, such as university campuses, can often have skyways and/or tunnels connecting buildings. The worlds largest discontinuous skyway network – Calgary, Albertas +15 Walkway system – has a length of 18 km. The Minneapolis Skyway System is the worlds largest continuous system and spans 8 miles connecting 69 blocks in downtown Minneapolis, on a smaller scale, terminals of large airports are often connected by skywalk systems, as at Manchester Airport, United Kingdom. Some cities have the equivalent of an underground, and there are also mixed subway/skyway systems. A number of cities have given intricate analysis to systems employing computer models to optimize skywalk layout. There is debate about the impact on urban areas of skyways. Robertson noted the negative impacts to street activities, and reductions to the property value at ground level, woo found that skywalk systems could be negatively associated with promoting consumerism. Cui called for research into the impact of skyways in developing countries. There are significant skyway networks in cities in the US Midwest, such as Saint Paul, Des Moines, Cedar Rapids, Rochester. Most networks in North America are privately owned, a notable exception in are the Saint Paul skyways, which are publicly owned. In Bangkok, Thailand there are more than 5.4 km of covered wide dedicated elevated skywalks with lighting and these were developed due to lack of proper sidewalks as well as street hawkers and local merchants taking advantage of any sidewalk space as makeshift commercial real estate. Most skywalks connect to a BTS station and utilize space underneath the rail line and these skywalks have connector ramps which connect stations to malls seamlessly and are paid for by the malls themselves, otherwise the city and BTS fund walkway development. A 50km long extension project was shelved in 2011 due to funding issues, in Hong Kong, China there are numerous foot bridge networks across the city. Particularly large networks exists around elevated or at grade MTR stations and connections between malls and housing estates in new town centers, the Central–Mid-Levels walkway system is the longest outdoor covered escalator system in the world according to Guinness World Records. Other large systems exist in Tsuen Wan and Mong Kok, the Mumbai Skywalk Project is a planned discontinuous network of over 50 km of skywalks in Mumbai Metropolitan Region, India
9.
The New York Times
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The New York Times is an American daily newspaper, founded and continuously published in New York City since September 18,1851, by The New York Times Company. The New York Times has won 119 Pulitzer Prizes, more than any other newspaper, the papers print version in 2013 had the second-largest circulation, behind The Wall Street Journal, and the largest circulation among the metropolitan newspapers in the US. The New York Times is ranked 18th in the world by circulation, following industry trends, its weekday circulation had fallen in 2009 to fewer than one million. Nicknamed The Gray Lady, The New York Times has long been regarded within the industry as a newspaper of record. The New York Times international version, formerly the International Herald Tribune, is now called the New York Times International Edition, the papers motto, All the News Thats Fit to Print, appears in the upper left-hand corner of the front page. On Sunday, The New York Times is supplemented by the Sunday Review, The New York Times Book Review, The New York Times Magazine and T, some other early investors of the company were Edwin B. Morgan and Edward B. We do not believe that everything in Society is either right or exactly wrong, —what is good we desire to preserve and improve, —what is evil, to exterminate. In 1852, the started a western division, The Times of California that arrived whenever a mail boat got to California. However, when local California newspapers came into prominence, the effort failed, the newspaper shortened its name to The New-York Times in 1857. It dropped the hyphen in the city name in the 1890s, One of the earliest public controversies it was involved with was the Mortara Affair, the subject of twenty editorials it published alone. At Newspaper Row, across from City Hall, Henry Raymond, owner and editor of The New York Times, averted the rioters with Gatling guns, in 1869, Raymond died, and George Jones took over as publisher. Tweed offered The New York Times five million dollars to not publish the story, in the 1880s, The New York Times transitioned gradually from editorially supporting Republican Party candidates to becoming more politically independent and analytical. In 1884, the paper supported Democrat Grover Cleveland in his first presidential campaign, while this move cost The New York Times readership among its more progressive and Republican readers, the paper eventually regained most of its lost ground within a few years. However, the newspaper was financially crippled by the Panic of 1893, the paper slowly acquired a reputation for even-handedness and accurate modern reporting, especially by the 1890s under the guidance of Ochs. Under Ochs guidance, continuing and expanding upon the Henry Raymond tradition, The New York Times achieved international scope, circulation, in 1910, the first air delivery of The New York Times to Philadelphia began. The New York Times first trans-Atlantic delivery by air to London occurred in 1919 by dirigible, airplane Edition was sent by plane to Chicago so it could be in the hands of Republican convention delegates by evening. In the 1940s, the extended its breadth and reach. The crossword began appearing regularly in 1942, and the section in 1946
10.
Walter Pidgeon
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Born in Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada, Pidgeon was the son of Hannah, a housewife, and Caleb Burpee Pidgeon, a haberdasher. His brother, Larry, was a writer for the Santa Barbara News-Press. Pidgeon attended local schools and the University of New Brunswick, where he studied law and his university education was interrupted by World War I, and he enlisted in the 65th Battery, Royal Canadian Field Artillery. He never saw action, however, as he was injured in an accident when he was crushed between two gun carriages and spent seventeen months in a military hospital. Following the war, he moved to Boston, Massachusetts, where he worked as a bank runner, at the same time studying voice at the New England Conservatory of Music. Discontented with banking, Pidgeon moved to New York City, where he walked into the office of E. E. Clive, announced that he could act and sing, after acting on stage for several years, he made his Broadway debut in 1925. Pidgeon made a number of silent films in the 1920s and he became a huge star with the arrival of talkies, thanks to his singing voice. He starred in extravagant early Technicolor musicals, including The Bride of the Regiment, Sweet Kitty Bellairs, Viennese Nights and he became associated with musicals, and when the public grew weary of them his career began to falter. In 1935 he took a break from Hollywood and did a stint on Broadway, appearing in the plays Something Gay, Night of January 16th, when he returned to movies, he was relegated to playing secondary roles in films like Saratoga and The Girl of the Golden West. One of his known roles was in The Dark Command, where he portrayed the villain opposite John Wayne, Claire Trevor. It was not until he starred in the Academy Award-winning Best Picture How Green Was My Valley that his popularity returned and he then starred opposite Greer Garson in Blossoms in the Dust, Mrs. Miniver and its sequel, The Miniver Story in 1950. He was also nominated in 1944 for Madame Curie, again opposite Garson and his partnership with her continued throughout the 1940s and into the 1950s with Mrs. Parkington, Julia Misbehaves, That Forsyte Woman, and finally Scandal at Scourie. Although he continued to make films, including The Bad and the Beautiful and Forbidden Planet and he was featured in Take Me Along with Jackie Gleason and received a Tony Award nomination for the musical play. In 1962, he portrayed General Augustus Perry in the episode The Reunion on CBSs Rawhide and his role as Florenz Ziegfeld in Funny Girl was well received. Later, he played Casey, James Coburns sidekick, in Harry in Your Pocket, Pidgeon guest-starred in the episode King of the Valley of CBSs Dick Powells Zane Grey Theater. Pidgeon plays Dave King, a rancher who quarrels with his banker over a $10,000 loan. When the banker dies of an attack on the job after a confrontation with King. Leora Dana plays Anne Coleman, the widow and the ranchers former paramour
11.
Tailspin Tommy
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Tailspin Tommy was an air adventure comic strip about a youthful pilot, Tailspin Tommy Tomkins. Originally illustrated by Hal Forrest and initially distributed by John Wheelers Bell Syndicate and then by United Feature Syndicate, in the wake of Charles Lindberghs 1927 flight across the Atlantic, the publics fascination with aviation escalated. Tailspin Tommy was the first aviation-based comic strip to appear as a result of heightened interest. The strips 1928 launch was followed by others, notably Skyroads, Scorchy Smith, scripted by Glenn Chaffin, a newspaper journalist and press agent, Tailspin Tommy began its run in four newspapers on April 30,1928. By 1931, it was published in more than 250 newspapers across the country, after buying out Chaffins interest, Forrest took over the scripting in 1933, he wrote and drew the strip solo for the next three years. In 1936, when Forrest took on an assistant, Reynold Brown, Tailspin Tommy is held by some to have improved with Browns contribution. Living in Littleville, Colorado, young Tommy Tomkins had such an obsession with flying that he was given the nickname Tailspin Tommy before he actually went inside a plane. Although Tommy took a correspondence course, his real introduction to aviation happened when mail pilot Milt Howe made an emergency landing in a field near Tommys neighborhood. Tommy watched the downward spiral of Milts plane and ran to help, Howe rewarded Tommy with a greasemonkey job in Texas at the Three Point Airlines, where he soon became a pilot along with his girlfriend, Betty Lou Barnes, and his best buddy, Peter Skeeter Milligan. The trio eventually became part owners in Three Point and took off for many airborne adventures, by 1940, Tailspin Tommy began to lose papers. A change in syndicates from Bell to United Features did little to help, Tailspin Tommy flew into movie theaters throughout the 1930s. He was portrayed by Maurice Murphy in the 12-episode 1934 movie serial Tailspin Tommy, another 12-chapter serial, Tailspin Tommy in the Great Air Mystery, starred Clark Williams in the title role. John Trent portrayed Tommy in a series of features, including Mystery Plane, Stunt Pilot, Sky Patrol. Stephen Slesinger Inc. published a series of 30 Tailspin Tommy Adventures in eight-page booklet form as a promotion with Big Thrill Chewing Gum, publications put out two issues of Tailspin Tommy Adventure Magazine. The magazines published adaptations of comic strip stories, publication apparently ceased because the rights to the character had not been properly secured. After taking over the syndication, United Features published two Tailspin Tommy comic books, one in 1940 and one in 1946, Tailspin Tommy also saw reprints in Dell Comics The Funnies and Popular Comics. In 1934, Tailspin Tommy was among the strips reprinted in the first modern book, Famous Funnies. That same year, Slesinger began publishing a series of Tailspin Tommy books in its Big Little Book line
12.
Turner Classic Movies
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Turner Classic Movies is an American movie-oriented basic cable and satellite television network owned by the Turner Broadcasting System subsidiary of Time Warner. TCM is headquartered at the Techwood Campus in Atlanta, Georgias Midtown business district, historically, the channels programming consisted mainly of featured classic theatrically released feature films from the Turner Entertainment film library – which comprises films from Warner Bros. However, TCM now has licensing deals with other Hollywood film studios as well as its Time Warner sister company, Warner Bros. and occasionally shows more recent films. The channel is available in United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Ireland, Latin America, France, Spain, Nordic countries, Middle East, Africa and Asia-Pacific. In 1986, eight years before the launch of Turner Classic Movies, concerns over Turner Entertainments corporate debt load resulted in Turner selling the studio that October back to Kirk Kerkorian, from whom Turner had purchased the studio less than a year before. As part of the deal, Turner Entertainment retained ownership of MGMs library of films released up to May 9,1986, Turner Broadcasting System was split into two companies, Turner Broadcasting System and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and reincorporated as MGM/UA Communications Co. The film library of Turner Entertainment would serve as the form of programming for TCM upon the networks launch. After the library was acquired, MGM/UA signed a deal with Turner to continue distributing the pre-May 1986 MGM and to begin distributing the pre-1950 Warner Bros. film libraries for video release. Turner Classic Movies debuted on April 14,1994, at 6,00 p. m. Eastern Time, the date and time were chosen for their historical significance as the exact centennial anniversary of the first public movie showing in New York City. The first movie broadcast on TCM was the 1939 film Gone with the Wind, at the time of its launch, TCM was available to approximately one million cable television subscribers. AMC had broadened its content to feature colorized and more recent films by 2002. In the early 90s AMC abandoned its format, leaving TCM as the only movie-oriented cable channel to devote its programming entirely to classic films without commercial interruption. In 1996, Turner Broadcasting System merged with Time Warner, which besides placing Turner Classic Movies, in March 1999, MGM paid Warner Bros. and gave up the home video rights to the MGM/UA films owned by Turner to Warner Home Video. In 2008, TCM won a Peabody Award for excellence in broadcasting, in April 2010, Turner Classic Movies held the first TCM Classic Film Festival, an event – now held annually – at the Graumans Chinese Theater and the Graumans Egyptian Theater in Hollywood. In 2007, some of the films featured on TCM were made available for streaming on TCMs website. The networks programming season runs from February until the following March of each year when a retrospective of Oscar-winning and Oscar-nominated movies is shown, called 31 Days of Oscar. Turner Classic Movies presents many of its features in their original aspect ratio whenever possible – widescreen films broadcast on TCM are letterboxed on the standard definition feed. TCM also regularly presents widescreen presentations of films not available in the format on any video release
