Gordon Gould
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Richard Gordon Gould was an American physicist who is sometimes credited with the invention of the laser and the optical amplifier.. Gould is best known for his thirty-year fight with the United State
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Gould in 1940
The first page of the notebook in which Gould coined the acronym LASER and described the essential elements for constructing one.
Maser
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A maser is a device that produces coherent electromagnetic waves through amplification by stimulated emission. The term is an acronym for microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. N
Gordon Gould
…Kusch, who guided Gould to develop expertise in the then-new optical pumping technique. In 1956, Gould proposed using optical pumping to excite a maser, and discussed this idea with the maser's inventor Charles Townes, who was also a professor at Columbia. Townes gave Gould advice on how to obtain a…
The first prototype ammonia maser in front of its inventor Charles H. Townes. The ammonia nozzle is at left in the box, the four brass rods at center are the quadrupole state selector, and the resonant cavity is at right. The 24 GHz microwaves exit through the vertical waveguide Townes is adjusting. At bottom are the vacuum pumps.
Aurorae on the north pole of Jupiter generate cyclotron masers (Hubble)