1.
Jimmie Foxx
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Foxx became the second player in MLB history to hit 500 career home runs, after Babe Ruth. Attaining that plateau at age 32 years 336 days, he held the record for youngest to reach 500 for sixty-eight years and his three career Most Valuable Player awards are tied for second all-time. Foxx was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1951, Foxx was born in Sudlersville, Maryland on October 22,1907 to Dell and Mattie Foxx, who were farmers. Dell Foxx had played baseball for a team when he was younger. Jimmie Foxx did well in school but excelled in sports, particularly soccer, track and he played all three sports at Sudlersville High School. Foxx dropped out of school early to join a minor league team managed by former Philadelphia Athletics great Frank Home Run Baker. Foxx had hoped to pitch or play third base, but since the team was short on catchers and he immediately drew interest from the Athletics and New York Yankees. Foxx signed with the As and made his league debut in May 1925 at age 17. He was still in his year of high school at the time. The As catching duties were filled by future Baseball Hall of Fame member Mickey Cochrane, so by 1927. In 1929, installed as the As regular first baseman, Foxx had a year, batting.354. That year, Foxx appeared on the cover of Time, in 1932, Foxx hit.364, with 58 home runs with 169 RBIs, missing the Triple Crown by just three points in batting average. Foxx actually hit 60 home runs that year, which would have tied Babe Ruths record, Foxx did win the Triple Crown the following season, with a batting average of.356,163 RBIs, and 48 home runs. He won back-to-back MVP honors in 1932 and 1933, Foxx was one of the three or four most feared sluggers of his era. The great Yankee pitcher Lefty Gomez once said of him, He has muscles in his hair, in 1937, Foxx hit a ball into the third deck of the left-field stands at Yankee Stadium, a very rare feat because of the distance and the angle of the stands. Gomez was the pitcher who gave it up, and when asked how far it went, he said, I dont know, but I do know it took somebody 45 minutes to go up there and get it back. When the Great Depression fully hit in the early 1930s, As owner Connie Mack was unable to pay the salaries of his highly paid stars, after a 1936 contract dispute, Mack sold Foxxs contract to the Red Sox for $150,000. Foxx played six years for Boston, including a 1938 season in which he hit 50 home runs, drove in 175 runs, batted.349, won his third MVP award, Foxx is one of nine players to have won three MVPs, only Barry Bonds has more
2.
Boston
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Boston is the capital and most populous city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States. Boston is also the seat of Suffolk County, although the county government was disbanded on July 1,1999. The city proper covers 48 square miles with a population of 667,137 in 2015, making it the largest city in New England. Alternately, as a Combined Statistical Area, this wider commuting region is home to some 8.1 million people, One of the oldest cities in the United States, Boston was founded on the Shawmut Peninsula in 1630 by Puritan settlers from England. It was the scene of several key events of the American Revolution, such as the Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, the Battle of Bunker Hill, and the Siege of Boston. Upon U. S. independence from Great Britain, it continued to be an important port and manufacturing hub as well as a center for education, through land reclamation and municipal annexation, Boston has expanded beyond the original peninsula. Its rich history attracts many tourists, with Faneuil Hall alone drawing over 20 million visitors per year, Bostons many firsts include the United States first public school, Boston Latin School, first subway system, the Tremont Street Subway, and first public park, Boston Common. Bostons economic base also includes finance, professional and business services, biotechnology, information technology, the city has one of the highest costs of living in the United States as it has undergone gentrification, though it remains high on world livability rankings. Bostons early European settlers had first called the area Trimountaine but later renamed it Boston after Boston, Lincolnshire, England, the renaming on September 7,1630 was by Puritan colonists from England who had moved over from Charlestown earlier that year in quest of fresh water. Their settlement was limited to the Shawmut Peninsula, at that time surrounded by the Massachusetts Bay and Charles River. The peninsula is thought to have been inhabited as early as 5000 BC, in 1629, the Massachusetts Bay Colonys first governor John Winthrop led the signing of the Cambridge Agreement, a key founding document of the city. Puritan ethics and their focus on education influenced its early history, over the next 130 years, the city participated in four French and Indian Wars, until the British defeated the French and their Indian allies in North America. Boston was the largest town in British America until Philadelphia grew larger in the mid-18th century, Bostons harbor activity was significantly curtailed by the Embargo Act of 1807 and the War of 1812. Foreign trade returned after these hostilities, but Bostons merchants had found alternatives for their investments in the interim. Manufacturing became an important component of the economy, and the citys industrial manufacturing overtook international trade in economic importance by the mid-19th century. Boston remained one of the nations largest manufacturing centers until the early 20th century, a network of small rivers bordering the city and connecting it to the surrounding region facilitated shipment of goods and led to a proliferation of mills and factories. Later, a network of railroads furthered the regions industry. Boston was a port of the Atlantic triangular slave trade in the New England colonies
3.
Allston
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Allston is a neighborhood of Boston, located in the western part of the city. It was named after the American painter and poet Washington Allston and it comprises the land covered by the zip code 02134. For the most part, Allston is administered collectively with the adjacent neighborhood of Brighton, the two are often referred to together as Allston–Brighton. Boston Police Department District D-14 covers the Allston-Brighton area and a Boston Fire Department Allston station is located in Union Square which houses Engine 41, Engine 41 is nicknamed The Bull to commemorate the historic stockyards of Allston. Lower Allston, across the Massachusetts Turnpike from the rest of Allston, the estimated population of Allston is 29,196, according to the 2010 Census. The median home cost is $317,000, a decline of 0. 97% in the last year, the cost of living is 9. 81% higher than the national average. The population density is 18, 505/mi2, about 50% higher than the average of 12,166. 76. 45% of residents list status as single, Allston is home to many immigrant populations, the largest groups being from Russia, East Asia, South Asia, and South America. Young adults make up 78. 3% of the neighborhoods population, in addition to nightly dancing and live music at area bars, house parties abound on surrounding streets, particularly during the school year. This has long been a point among other Allston residents. The largest religious affiliation is Catholic, followed by Protestant, unspecified Christian, Jewish, Baptist, the neighborhood of Allston is almost completely cut off from the main body of the city of Boston by the town of Brookline, which borders Allston on the south and southeast. It is connected to the rest of Boston only by a portion of its eastern border that is shared with the Fenway/Kenmore neighborhood. Allston is bordered on the east and north by the Charles River, separating it from the city of Cambridge, the area north of the turnpike near the Charles river is North Allston. It consists of north of Cambridge Street and the Turnpike. It extends westward to Everett Street and eastward to the Charles River, in its center is Allston Square at the crossroads of Western Avenue and North Harvard Street. Allston is named for the painter and 1800 Harvard graduate, Washington Allston. Allston Square is appropriately located halfway between Harvard Square in the North and Allston Village, Bostons Greenwich Village in the South, Allston is the only community in America named for an artist. North Allston is a neighborhood that consists of a mix of young professionals, blue-collar tradesmen, members of the educational community, homeowners
4.
William Wrigley Jr.
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William L. Wrigley Jr. was an American chewing gum industrialist. He was founder and eponym of the Wm. Wrigley Jr and he was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In 1891, at the age of 29, Wrigley moved from Philadelphia to Chicago and he had $32 to his name and with it he formed a business to sell Wrigleys Scouring Soap. He offered customers small premiums, particularly baking powder, as an incentive to buy his soap. Finding the baking powder was more popular than his soap, Wrigley switched to selling baking powder, again, Wrigley found that the premium he offered was more popular than his base product, and his company began to concentrate on the manufacture and sale of chewing gum. In this business, Wrigley made his name and fortune, Wrigley played an instrumental role in the development of Santa Catalina Island, California, off the shore of Los Angeles, California. He bought a controlling interest in the Santa Catalina Island Company in 1919, Wrigley improved the island with public utilities, new steamships, a hotel, the Casino building, and extensive plantings of trees, shrubs, and flowers. He also sought to create an enterprise that would help local residents. By making use of clay and minerals found on the island at a beach near Avalon, in 1927 William Wrigley Jr. created the Pebbly Beach quarry, along with creating jobs for Avalon residents, the plant also supplied material for Wrigleys numerous building projects on the island. After the building of Avalons Casino in 1929, the Catalina Clay Products Tile and Pottery Plant began producing glazed tiles, dinnerware, another of Wrigleys legacies was his plan for the future of Catalina Island—that it be protected for future generations to enjoy. In 1972, his son, Philip K. Wrigley, established the Catalina Island Conservancy for this purpose, Wrigley is honored by the Wrigley Memorial in the Wrigley Botanical Gardens on the island. In 1916, Wrigley bought a minority stake in the Chicago Cubs baseball team as part of a group headed by Charles Weeghman, over the next four years, as Weeghmans lunch-counter business declined, he was forced to sell much of his stock in the ball club to Wrigley. By 1918, Weeghman had sold all of his stock to Wrigley, making Wrigley the largest shareholder and principal owner, Wrigley Field, the Cubs ballpark in Chicago, is named for him. The now-demolished former home of the Los Angeles Angels of the Pacific Coast League, Wrigley purchased the Chicago Cubs from Albert Lasker in 1925. The Arizona Biltmore Hotel in Phoenix, Arizona, was financed and wholly owned by Wrigley. At 16,000 square feet, it was the smallest of his five residences, in 1947, Wrigleys remains were moved to allow the gardens to be made public. There is a rumor that the remains were moved during World War II due to security concerns. His original grave marker still adorns the tower site
5.
Offset printing
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Offset printing is a commonly used printing technique in which the inked image is transferred from a plate to a rubber blanket, then to the printing surface. The modern web process feeds a large reel of paper through a press machine in several parts, typically for several metres. Development of the press came in two versions, in 1875 by Robert Barclay of England for printing on tin, and in 1904 by Ira Washington Rubel of the United States for printing on paper. Lithography was initially created to be a method of reproducing artwork. This printing process was limited to use on flat, porous surfaces because the plates were produced from limestone. In fact, the word lithograph historically means an image from stone or printed from stone, tin cans were popular packaging materials in the 19th century, but transfer technologies were required before the lithographic process could be used to print on the tin. The first rotary offset lithographic printing press was created in England and this development combined mid-19th century transfer printing technologies and Richard March Hoes 1843 rotary printing press—a press that used a metal cylinder instead of a flat stone. The offset cylinder was covered with specially treated cardboard that transferred the image from the stone to the surface of the metal. Later, the covering of the offset cylinder was changed to rubber. As the 19th century closed and photography became popular, many lithographic firms went out of business, photoengraving, a process that used halftone technology instead of illustration, became the primary aesthetic of the era. Many printers, including Ira Washington Rubel of New Jersey, were using the low-cost lithograph process to produce copies of photographs, Rubel discovered in 1901—by forgetting to load a sheet—that when printing from the rubber roller, instead of the metal, the printed page was clearer and sharper. After further refinement, the Potter Press printing Company in New York produced a press in 1903, by 1907 the Rubel offset press was in use in San Francisco. The Harris Automatic Press Company also created a similar press around the same time, charles and Albert Harris modeled their press on a rotary letter press machine. One of the most important functions in the process is prepress production. This stage makes sure that all files are processed in preparation for printing. This includes converting to the proper CMYK color model, finalizing the files, Offset lithography is one of the most common ways of creating printed materials. A few of its common applications include, newspapers, magazines, brochures, stationery, compared to other printing methods, offset printing is best suited for economically producing large volumes of high quality prints in a manner that requires little maintenance. Many modern offset presses use computer-to-plate systems as opposed to the older computer-to-film work flows, advantages of offset printing compared to other printing methods include, consistent high image quality
6.
Lou Gehrig
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Henry Louis Lou or Buster Gehrig was an American baseball first baseman who played 17 seasons in Major League Baseball for the New York Yankees, from 1923 through 1939. Gehrig was renowned for his prowess as a hitter and for his durability and he was an All-Star seven consecutive times, a Triple Crown winner once, an American League Most Valuable Player twice, and a member of six World Series champion teams. He had a career.340 batting average.632 slugging average, and he hit 493 home runs and had 1,995 runs batted in. In 1939, he was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame and was the first MLB player to have his number retired by a team. A native of New York City and attendee of Columbia University, the disease forced him to retire at age 36 and was the cause of his death two years later. The pathos of his farewell from baseball was capped off by his iconic 1939 Luckiest Man on the Face of the Earth speech at Yankee Stadium, a monument in Gehrigs honor, originally dedicated by the Yankees in 1941, currently resides in Monument Park at Yankee Stadium. The Lou Gehrig Memorial Award is given annually to the MLB player best exhibiting his integrity, Gehrig was born in 1903 at 309 East 94th Street in the Yorkville neighborhood of Manhattan, he weighed almost 14 pounds at birth. He was the second of four children of German immigrants, Christina Foch and Heinrich Gehrig and his father was a sheet metal worker by trade but frequently unemployed due to alcoholism, and his mother, a maid, was the main breadwinner and disciplinarian in the family. His two sisters died at an age from whooping cough and measles, a brother also died in infancy. From an early age, Gehrig helped his mother with work, doing such as folding laundry. In 1910, he lived with his parents at 2266 Amsterdam Avenue in Washington Heights, in 1920, the family resided on 8th Avenue in Manhattan. His name was anglicized to Henry Louis Gehrig and he was known as Lou so that he would not be confused with his identically named father. Gehrig first garnered attention for his baseball ability while playing in a game at Cubs Park on June 26,1920. His New York School of Commerce team was playing a team from Chicagos Lane Tech High School in front of a crowd of more than 10,000 spectators. With his team leading 8–6 in the top of the inning, Gehrig hit a grand slam completely out of the major league park. Gehrig attended PS132 in the Washington Heights section of Manhattan, then went to Commerce High School and he then studied at Columbia University for two years, although he did not graduate. Initially, he went to Columbia on a scholarship, where he was preparing to pursue a degree in engineering. After he played a dozen games for the Hartford Senators in the Eastern League, in 1922, Gehrig returned to collegiate sports as a fullback for the Columbia Lions football program
