Grand Duchy of Finland
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The Grand Duchy of Finland was the predecessor state of modern Finland. It existed from 1809 to 1917 as an autonomous state within the Russian Empire.
The Diet of Porvoo marked the beginning of autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland. Emperor Alexander I of Russia on the podium.
The Imperial Senate of Finland in the new capital of Finland, Helsinki.
The Imperial Alexander University in Helsinki.
Emperor Nicholas I and Empress Alexandra Feodorovna visited Helsinki in 1833. Carl Ludvig Engel designed the Stone of the Empress in their honour. The monument was unveiled in 1835.
February Manifesto
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The February Manifesto, also known as His Imperial Majesty's Graceful Announcement was a legislative act given by Emperor of Russia Nicholas II on 15 February 1899, defining the legislation order of l
Count Fyodor Logginovich van Heiden, Governor-General of Finland. Portrait by Ivan Kramskoi from 1881.
Emperor Nicholas II of Russia. A portrait by Albert Edelfelt from 1896.
Nikolay Bobrikov, Governor-General of Finland.
A demonstration at the Senate Square in Helsinki on 13 March 1899.