Gray code
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The reflected binary code, also known as reflected binary or Gray code after Frank Gray, is an ordering of the binary numeral system such that two successive values differ in only one bit.
A Gray code absolute rotary encoder with 13 tracks. Housing, interrupter disk, and light source are in the top; sensing element and support components are in the bottom.
Incremental encoder
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An incremental encoder is a linear or rotary electromechanical device that has two output signals, A and B, which issue pulses when the device is moved. Together, the A and B signals indicate both the
Rotary incremental encoder with shaft attached to its thru-bore opening
A PCB-mounted, rotary mechanical incremental encoder
Differential output waveforms from an incremental encoder
Electronic equipment controls are often implemented with a knob attached to a mechanical encoder (shown with detached knob)