Great ape language
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Great ape language research historically involved attempts to teach chimpanzees, gorillas, and orangutans to communicate using imitative human speech, sign language, physical tokens and computerized l
Facial expressions can be used to convey a message.
Nim Chimpsky in 1999
Kanzi learned hundreds of arbitrary symbols representing words, objects, and familiar people (including the generic "Visitor").
Kanzi
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Kanzi was a male bonobo who was the subject of numerous studies on great ape language and cognition. According to Sue Savage-Rumbaugh, a primatologist who has studied the bonobo since the 1990s, Kanzi
Great ape language
…when he was 7+1⁄2 years old, Kanzi was asked 416 complex questions, responding correctly over 74% of the time. Kanzi has been observed verbalizing a meaningful noun to his sister. Kanzi relied highly on the lexigrams for communication, and frequently used them to specify where he wanted to go, or an item he wanted…
Savage-Rumbaugh (L), Kanzi (R), and his sister Panbanisha (C) working at the portable "keyboard"
Kanzi converses with Sue Savage-Rumbaugh in 2006 using a portable "keyboard" of arbitrary symbols that Kanzi associates with words.
Kanzi during a species-standard vocalization.