Greater St. Louis

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Greater St. Louis Metropolitan Area

St. Louis, MO-IL
Metropolitan area
A NASA image of the Greater St. Louis area.
A NASA image of the Greater St. Louis area.
Motto(s): 
Gateway To The West
Location in Missouri
Location in Missouri
Country United States
State(s) Missouri
 Illinois
Largest city St. Louis
Counties
Area
 • Total8,458 sq mi (21,910 km2)
 • Land8,261 sq mi (21,400 km2)
 • Water197 sq mi (510 km2)  2.3%
Elevation
466–1,280 ft (142–390 m)
Population
(2017)[1]
 • Metro density339.8/sq mi (131.2/km2)
 • MSA
2,807,338 (21th)
 • CSA
2,911,945 (19th)
 MSA/CSA = 2017
Time zoneUTC−6 (CST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Area code(s)314, 636, 618, 573, 217

Greater St. Louis is a bi-state metropolitan area that completely surrounds and includes the independent city of St. Louis (its principal city). It includes parts of both the U.S. states of Missouri and Illinois. The city core is on the Mississippi Riverfront on the border with Illinois in the geographic center of the metro area. The Mississippi River bisects the metro area in half geographically between Illinois and Missouri; however, the Missouri half is much more populous. St. Louis is the largest metro area in Missouri and the second largest in Illinois. St. Louis County is independent of the City of St. Louis and their two populations are generally tabulated separately.

The St. Louis, MO-IL metropolitan statistical area (MSA)—and the focus of this page—includes the City of St. Louis; the Illinois counties of Bond, Calhoun, Clinton, Jersey, Macoupin, Madison, Monroe, and St. Clair (known collectively as the Metro East); and the Missouri counties of Franklin, Jefferson, Lincoln, St. Charles, St. Louis County (separate from and not inclusive of the city of St. Louis), and Warren.[2][3]

The larger St. Louis–St. Charles–Farmington, MO–IL combined statistical area (CSA) includes all of the aforementioned MSA, plus the Farmington, MO micropolitan statistical area, which includes all of St. Francois County, Missouri, and the Centralia, IL micropolitan statistical area, which includes Marion County, Illinois.

As of 2017 data, the MSA is the 21st-largest in the country that year with a population of 2,807,338;[4] however, the CSA is the 19th-largest in the United States, with a population of 2,911,945.[4] Due to nearly zero growth in St. Louis paired with rapid growth in the Sun Belt and Florida, the St. Louis MSA fell out of the Top 20 Largest MSAs in the United States in 2017 for the first time since 1840.[5][6]

As of 2018, Greater St. Louis is home to the headquarters of ten of Missouri's eleven Fortune 500 companies,[7] six Fortune 1,000 companies, and two of the top 30 Largest Private Companies in America, as ranked by Forbes.[8] The area received the All-America City Award in 2008.

History[edit]

See also: History of St. Louis

The history of St. Louis, Missouri began with the settlement of the St. Louis area by Native American mound builders who lived as part of the Mississippian culture from the 9th century to the 15th century, followed by other migrating tribal groups. Starting in the late 17th century, French explorers arrived. Spain took over in 1763 and a trading company established the settlement of St. Louis in February 1764. The city became part of the U.S. through the Louisiana Purchase in 1803. The American Civil War saw St. Louis had a small skirmish on its outskirts, but was held under Union control. After the war, the city expanded its railroad connections and industrial activity.

Counties and cities in Greater St. Louis[edit]

Population of counties in Greater St. Louis (July 2017 estimate) [9]
State County Population
Illinois Bond 16,948
Illinois Calhoun 4,833
Illinois Clinton 37,614
Illinois Jersey 21,941
Illinois Macoupin 45,446
Illinois Madison 265,428
Illinois Monroe 34,097
Illinois St. Clair 262,479
Missouri Crawford 24,473
Missouri Franklin 103,330
Missouri Jefferson 223,810
Missouri Lincoln 56,183
Missouri St. Charles 395,504
Missouri St. Louis City 308,626
Missouri St. Louis County 996,726
Missouri Warren 34,373
Historical population
Census Pop. %±
183057,548—
1840126,038119.0%
1850237,14988.2%
1860410,10472.9%
1870645,30657.4%
1880712,69010.4%
1890833,02916.9%
19001,025,28023.1%
19101,250,09421.9%
19201,380,74010.5%
19301,592,87415.4%
19401,674,4115.1%
19501,928,15915.2%
19602,284,79418.5%
19702,557,45711.9%
19802,497,882−2.3%
19902,609,4214.5%
20002,730,9844.7%
20102,853,0604.5%
Est. 20152,878,108[10]0.9%
U.S. Decennial Census[11]
1790–1960[12] 1900–1990[13]
1990–2000[14] 2010–2014[15]

Missouri[edit]

Illinois[edit]

As noted above, the Greater St. Louis area includes two cities named O'Fallon (in St. Charles County, Missouri and St. Clair County, Illinois) and two cities named Troy (in Lincoln County, Missouri, and Madison County, Illinois).

The nearby Hannibal–Quincy micropolitan areas are technically not located within the metropolitan, but are regionally associated due to their proximity and accessibility to Greater St. Louis.[17]

Demographics[edit]

According to the 2010 United States Census, in Greater St. Louis there were 2,787,701 people living in 1,143,001 households, of which 748,892 households were families.

Historical population
Census Pop. %±
19201,139,877—
19301,359,71219.3%
19401,432,0885.3%
19501,681,28117.4%
19602,144,20527.5%
19702,410,88412.4%
19802,356,460−2.3%
19902,492,3485.8%
20002,698,6878.3%
20102,787,7013.3%
Est. 20172,807,338[18]0.7%
Deccenial Census

Race[edit]

In 2010, 98.2 percent of the population of Greater St. Louis considered themselves of one race, while 1.8 percent considered themselves of two or more races (e.g. biracial). Of those of one race, 2,214,298 residents or 76.9 percent of the population were white, 519,221 or 18 percent were African American, 60,316 or 2.1 percent were Asian American, and 32,542 residents or 1.1 percent were American Indian, Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander American, or some other race. 72,797 residents or 2.5 percent were Hispanic or Latino Americans of any race.

Age and gender[edit]

As of 2010, the median age for Greater St. Louis is 38.2, and 47.4 percent of the population was male while 52.6 percent of the population was female.

Income and housing statistics[edit]

As of 2010, Greater St. Louis included 1,264,680 housing units, and 90.4 percent or 1,143,001 units were occupied. Of those units that were vacant, 3.2 percent or 40,553 units were for rent, 1.6 percent or 19,956 were for sale, 1 percent or 12,575 were unoccupied seasonal homes, and .5 percent or 6,771 were sold or rented but unoccupied. 3.3 percent or 41,884 units were vacant and not for sale or rent. Of the occupied housing units, 70.6 percent or 807,431 were owner-occupied with 2,075,622 occupants. 29.4 percent or 335,570 units were rented with 739,749 occupants.[19]

In 2010, the median income for a household in the St. Louis metro was $50,900.[20]

Transportation[edit]

Main articles: Transportation in Greater St. Louis and Transportation in St. Louis

Transportation in Greater St. Louis includes road, rail, and air transportation modes connecting the communities in the area with national and international transportation networks. Parts of Greater St. Louis also support a public transportation network that includes bus, as well as the MetroLink light rail which began operating in 1993. The principal airport serving the region is St. Louis Lambert International Airport, located in St. Louis County.

Brookings Hall, the administrative building for Washington University in St. Louis

Education[edit]

Main articles: Education in Greater St. Louis and Education in St. Louis

Education in Greater St. Louis is provided by more than two dozen public school districts, independent private schools, parochial schools, and several public library systems. Greater St. Louis also is home to more than 30 colleges and universities.

Parks[edit]

Main articles: Parks in Greater St. Louis and Parks in St. Louis

Parks in Greater St. Louis are administered by a variety of state, county, and municipal authorities, and the region also includes the state of Missouri's only National Memorial, the Jefferson National Expansion Memorial, which is the site of the Gateway Arch. Several Missouri state parks in the region and parks owned by St. Louis County are larger than 1,000 acres, while one park in the city of St. Louis, Forest Park, also exceeds 1,000 acres.

Economy[edit]

Main article: Economy of St. Louis

The 2014 Gross Metropolitan Product (GMP) of St. Louis was $145.958 billion.[21] That makes St. Louis the 21st highest GMP in the United States. The three largest categories of employment in Greater St. Louis are trade, transportation, and utilities with 249,000 workers, education and healthcare services with 225,000 workers, and professional and business services with 185,000 workers.[22] Greater St. Louis has more than 1.3 million non-farm workers, representing roughly 15 percent of the non-farm workforce of Missouri and Illinois combined. As of May 2011, 125,000 non-farm workers were unemployed in Greater St. Louis, with an unemployment rate of 8.6 percent. As of the third quarter of 2010, the Greater St. Louis region had more than 73,000 companies or establishments paying wages, while average weekly wages for that period were $833, slightly lower than the U.S. national average of $870.

The largest industry by business conducted was wholesaling with $71 billion, followed by manufacturing with $67 billion, retail trade with $36 billion, and healthcare with $16 billion. The area's largest employer by sector was healthcare with 174,000 workers, followed by retail trade with 152,000 workers and manufacturing with 134,000 workers.[23] Using available data, the combined value of business conducted in the combined statistical area was $213 billion in 2007.[23] With a gross metropolitan product of $112 billion in 2009, St. Louis' economy makes up 40% of the Gross State Product of Missouri.[24]

Companies and major employers[edit]

As of 2018, Greater St. Louis is home to ten of Missouri's eleven Fortune 500 companies: Express Scripts (#25), Centene (#61), Emerson Electric (#178), Monsanto (#199), Reinsurance Group of America (#234), Edward Jones (#376), Graybar (#426), Olin Corporation (#448), Ameren (#453), and Peabody Energy (#491).[7] In addition, the area is home to six Fortune 1,000 companies: Post Holdings (#512), Stifel (#734), Caleres (#778), Belden (#851), Arch Coal (#870), Edgewell Personal Care (#876). As well as two of the Top 30 Largest Private Companies in America, as ranked by Forbes: Enterprise Holdings (#12) and World Wide Technology (#27).[8]

Other notable corporations from the area include Wells Fargo Advisors (formerly A.G. Edwards), Energizer Holdings, and Ralcorp. Significant healthcare and biotechnology institutions with operations in St. Louis include Pfizer, the Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, the Solae Company, Sigma-Aldrich, and Multidata Systems International.

Although it was purchased by Belgium-based InBev, Anheuser-Busch continues its presence in the city, as does Mallinckrodt Incorporated in spite of its purchase by Tyco International. The May Department Stores Company (which owned Famous-Barr and Marshall Field's stores) was purchased by Federated Department Stores, but Federated maintained its regional headquarters in the area. General Motors continues to produce cars in the St. Louis area, although Chrysler closed its production facility in the region, which was located in Fenton, Missouri. Despite its purchase by Nestlé, Ralston Purina remained headquartered in St. Louis as a wholly owned subsidiary.[25] St. Louis is also home to Boeing Phantom Works (formerly McDonnell-Douglas).[26] In addition, the Federal Reserve Bank of St Louis in downtown is one of two federal reserve banks in Missouri.[27]

St. Louis County in particular is home to several area companies. Monsanto Company, formerly a chemical company and now a leader in genetically modified crops, is headquartered in Creve Coeur.[28] Express Scripts, a pharmaceutical benefits management firm, has its corporate headquarters in the suburbs of St. Louis, near the campus of the University of Missouri–St. Louis.[citation needed] Energizer Holdings, the battery company, is headquartered in Town and Country.[29] Enterprise Rent-A-Car's headquarters are located in Clayton.[30] Charter Communications was formerly headquartered in Town and Country, until the executive team moved to Stamford, Connecticut; however, Charter has continued to grow in St. Louis and has upwards of 4,000 employees in the region as of mid-2018.[31] Emerson Electric's headquarters are located in Ferguson.[32] Boeing Integrated Defense Systems is headquartered in Berkeley.[33][34] Trans States Airlines is headquartered in Bridgeton.[35] Edward Jones Investments is headquartered in Des Peres.[36][37] From 1994 until its acquisition in 2000 by Tyco International, another chemical company, Mallinckrodt, was headquartered in St. Louis County. Many of the former Mallinckrodt facilities are still in operation by Tyco in the St. Louis suburb of Hazelwood, Missouri.[citation needed] Others are SSM Health Care, Mercy Hospital, and the Tenet Healthcare Corporation chain.

Companies headquartered in Greater St. Louis[edit]

Sports[edit]

The Greater St. Louis area is currently home to two professional sports teams: the St. Louis Blues (NHL) and the St. Louis Cardinals (MLB).[38]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2018-12-02. Retrieved 2018-12-02.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
  2. ^ Bureau, US Census. "Delineation Files". www.census.gov. Retrieved 2018-12-02.
  3. ^ "Missouri Statistical Areas and Counties" (PDF). US Census Bureau. December 2, 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 2, 2018. Retrieved December 2, 2018.
  4. ^ a b Bureau, U.S. Census. "American FactFinder - Results". factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 2018-12-02.
  5. ^ O'Dea, Doug Moore, Janelle. "St. Louis region falls out of the Top 20 metros in the U.S." stltoday.com. Retrieved 2018-12-02.
  6. ^ "Historical Metropolitan Populations of the United States - Peakbagger.com". www.peakbagger.com. Retrieved 2018-12-02.
  7. ^ a b "Fortune 500 Companies 2018: Who Made the List". Fortune. Retrieved 2018-12-02.
  8. ^ a b "America's Largest Private Companies". Forbes. Retrieved 2018-12-02.
  9. ^ a b "2017 Population Estimates". US Census Bureau. US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on December 2, 2018. Retrieved December 2, 2018.
  10. ^ "County Totals Dataset: Population, Population Change and Estimated Components of Population Change: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015". Archived from the original on July 8, 2016. Retrieved July 2, 2016.
  11. ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on May 12, 2015. Retrieved August 9, 2015.
  12. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Archived from the original on August 16, 2012. Retrieved August 9, 2015.
  13. ^ Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 18, 2015. Retrieved August 9, 2015.
  14. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 18, 2014. Retrieved August 9, 2015.
  15. ^ "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 20, 2011. Retrieved April 30, 2016.
  16. ^ "St. Louis County Communities Archived 2012-04-15 at the Wayback Machine." St. Louis County. St. Louis County Government and St. Louis County Municipal League. Accessed April 16, 2012.
  17. ^ "Saint Louis: Day Trips - TripAdvisor". www.tripadvisor.com. Archived from the original on 28 August 2017. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
  18. ^ https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?src=CF. Archived from the original on December 2, 2018. Retrieved December 2, 2018. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  19. ^ a b U.S. Census Bureau (2010).
  20. ^ "US Conference of Mayors" (PDF). Metro Economics Report. IHS Global Insight. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 January 2012. Retrieved 18 January 2012.
  21. ^ "U.S. Cities With Bigger Economies Than Entire Countries". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 22 July 2012. Retrieved 24 July 2012.
  22. ^ Bureau of Labor Statistics (May 2011).
  23. ^ a b 2007 Economic Census.
  24. ^ Thomas, G. Scott (April 2010). "Gross metropolitan products for 366 U.S. metros". Archived from the original on 2012-11-03. Retrieved 2011-06-10.
  25. ^ "Ratings and Rankings – Area Companies". Stlrcga.org. Archived from the original on 2010-11-29. Retrieved 2011-03-14.
  26. ^ Stoller, Gary (2003-03-24). "JDAM smart bombs prove to be accurate and a good buy". Usatoday.Com. Archived from the original on 2011-03-25. Retrieved 2011-03-14.
  27. ^ "About Us | The Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis". St. Louis Fed. Archived from the original on 2010-12-19. Retrieved 2011-03-14.
  28. ^ "Monsanto CFO to retire Archived 2011-05-12 at the Wayback Machine." St. Louis Business Journal. Wednesday August 12, 2009. Retrieved on August 19, 2009.
  29. ^ Volkmann, Kelsey. "Energizer to cut jobs as sales slump Archived 2009-08-02 at the Wayback Machine." St. Louis Business Journal. Tuesday July 28, 2009. Retrieved on August 18, 2009.
  30. ^ Hathaway, Matthew. "KC Star: Enterprise didn’t tell buyers cars lacked side air bags[permanent dead link]." St. Louis Post-Dispatch. August 17, 2009. Retrieved on August 18, 2009.
  31. ^ "Town and County, Mo.-Based Charter Communications to Buy Back Employee Stock." St. Louis Post-Dispatch. January 21, 2004. Retrieved on August 18, 2009.
  32. ^ Edwards, Greg. "$60 million in data centers coming online at Emerson Archived 2012-10-25 at the Wayback Machine." St. Louis Business Journal. Friday August 29, 2008. Retrieved on August 18, 2009.
  33. ^ "Berkeley city, Missouri." U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on June 8, 2009.
  34. ^ "Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation (Boeing Integrated Def Systems) Archived 2012-02-09 at the Wayback Machine." Manta. Retrieved on June 8, 2009.
  35. ^ "Parent of Bridgeton, Mo.-based Trans States Airlines plans to start new airline." St. Louis Post-Dispatch. November 12, 2004. Retrieved on August 19, 2009.
  36. ^ Thimangu, Patrick L. "Des Peres, Mo.-Based Edward Jones Brokerage Looks to Europe for Expansion." St. Louis Post-Dispatch. November 27, 2002. Retrieved on August 19, 2009.
  37. ^ "St. Louis firms make Fortune's best workplaces Archived 2012-03-17 at the Wayback Machine." St. Louis Business Journal. Thursday January 22, 2009. Modified on Tuesday January 27, 2009. Retrieved on August 19, 2009.
  38. ^ "Greatest sports events in St. Louis". STLtoday.com. St. Louis Post Dispatch. Retrieved 19 September 2018.

External links[edit]

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