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Green politics
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Green politics is a political ideology that aims to create an ecologically sustainable society rooted in environmentalism, nonviolence, social justice, and grassroots democracy. The political term Green was used initially in relation to die Grünen, supporters of green politics share many ideas with the ecology, conservation, environmentalism, feminism, and peace movements. The partys platform is considered left in the political spectrum. Adherents to green politics tend to consider it to be part of a higher worldview, Green politics draws its ethical stance from a variety of sources, from the values of indigenous peoples, to the ethics of Gandhi, Spinoza and Uexküll. These people influenced green thought in their advocacy of long-term seventh generation foresight, of course, unease about adverse consequences of human actions on nature predates the modern concept of “environmentalism. Social commentators as far apart as ancient Rome and China complained of air, water, the philosophical roots of environmentalism can be traced back to enlightenment thinkers such as Rousseau in France and, later, the author and naturalist Thoreau in America. Organised environmentalism began in late 19th Century Europe and the United States as a reaction to the Industrial Revolution with its emphasis on unbridled economic expansion, “Green politics” first began as conservation and preservation movements, such as the Sierra Club, founded in San Francisco in 1892. In the 1970s, as these grew in influence, green politics arose as a new philosophy which synthesized their goals. The Kabouters were an outgrowth of Provo’s environmental White Plans and they proposed “Groene Plannen”, in May 1972, a meeting at Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand, launched the Values Party, the worlds first countrywide green party to contest Parliamentary seats nationally. A year later in 1973, Europes first green party, the UKs Ecology Party and they started as a provisional coalition of civic groups and political campaigns which, together, felt their interests were not expressed by the conventional parties. This statement of principles has since been utilised by many Green Parties around the world and it was this party that first coined the term Green and adopted the sunflower symbol. In the 1983 federal election, the Greens won 27 seats in the Bundestag, the first Canadian foray into green politics took place in the Maritimes when 11 independent candidates ran in the 1980 federal election under the banner of the Small Party. Inspired by Schumachers Small is Beautiful, the Small Party candidates ran for the purpose of putting forward an anti-nuclear platform in that election. It was not registered as a party, but some participants in that effort went on to form the Green Party of Canada in 1983. Current Green Party of Canada leader Elizabeth May was the instigator and one of the candidates, in Finland, in 1995, the Green League became the first European Green Party to form part of a state-level Cabinet. The German Greens followed, forming a government with the Social Democratic Party of Germany from 1998 to 2005 and this put them at odds with many Greens worldwide, but demonstrated that they were capable of difficult political tradeoffs. In 2015, Emsis party colleague, Raimonds Vējonis, was elected President of Latvia by the Latvian parliament, Vējonis became the first green head of state worldwide. In the German state of Baden-Württenburg, the Green Party became the leader of the coalition with the Social Democrats after finishing second in the Baden-Württemberg state election,2011
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European Green Party
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The European Green Party is the European political party that operates as a federation of political parties across Europe supporting green politics. The EGP cooperates with the European Free Alliance to form the Greens–European Free Alliance parliamentary group in the European parliament, the European Green Party was founded on 22 February 2004 at the Fourth Congress of the European Federation of Green Parties in Rome attended by over 1,000 delegates. Thirty-four Green parties from all over Europe have joined this new pan-European party, the Greens were the first to form a political party at European level. The other European political federations followed suit in the period 2004–06, for the Greens this was the culmination of a process which had started with the formation of a loose co-ordination 1979–93 and the EFGP 1993–2004. Although some parties polled well, no Green entered the European Parliament, in the 1984 election the Greens participated again. They held a congress in the spring of 1984 in Liège and set up a restructured European Green Coordination and they also issued a Joint Declaration of the European Green Parties. Furthermore, overall the member parties had grown stronger, eleven MEPs of member parties were elected to the European Parliament. They formed the Green Alternative European Link in the European Parliament, the European Greens formed a loose confederal triangular structure with the autonomous GRAEL in parliament, the weak EGC as a supra-national co-ordinating body and the member parties. The position of the European Greens was also weakened by the principle of rotation which some member parties used and this way each party would have a representative in the EP. Finally, there still was considerable diversity in the opinions of the Greens and these factors weakened the position of the Greens in Parliament. In the 1989 election the Green parties won 26 seats, because of political conflicts with the continuing Rainbow Group, the European Greens formed a separate parliamentary group, The Green Group in the European Parliament. During this period, the Greens became more entrenched in parliament, in June 1993 the European Federation of Green Parties was formed by the members of the EGC in Kirkkonummi, Finland. The organisation became more structured, it now had a triennial Congress, a Council and it strengthened its ties with the Green Group in the European parliament. In the 1994 European elections Green parties won a total of 20 seats and they were joined by a member of the Danish Socialist Peoples Party and one member of both the Italian South Tyrolean Peoples Party and The Network. Again the Greens formed a group from Rainbow Group, now renamed the European Radical Alliance. In the 1999 European elections the European Greens performed particularly well winning 38 seats and they formed a combined group with the European Free Alliance, which represented regionalist parties and independence movements, which previously participated in the European Radical Alliance. The relationship between the Greens and these parties was different from before, as the Greens were stronger both numerically and politically. The European Green Party was founded at the Fourth Congress of the European Federation of Green Parties on 20–22 February 2004 in Rome, thirty-two Green parties from all over Europe joined this new pan-European party
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European Free Alliance
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The European Free Alliance is a European political party. The alliance has generally limited its membership to progressive parties, therefore only a minority among European regionalist parties are members of the EFA, the EFAs youth wing is the European Free Alliance Youth, founded in 2000. Regionalists have long been represented in the European Parliament, the SNP, although being predominantly social-democratic, joined the European Progressive Democrats, a conservative group led by the French Rally for the Republic. The VU and the FDF joined the heterogeneous Technical Group of Independents, in 1981 six parties, plus three observers, joined forces to form the European Free Alliance. Only after the 1989 European Parliament election did EFA members form a united group and it consisted of three Italian MEPs, two Spanish MEPs, one Belgian MEP, one French MEP, one British MEP and one independent MEP from Ireland. In the 1994 European Parliament election the regionalists lost many seats, moreover, the EFA had suspended its major affiliate, Lega Nord, for having joined forces in government with the post-fascist National Alliance. Also, the PNV chose to switch to the European Peoples Party, the three remaining EFA MEPs formed a group with the French Énergie Radicale list and the Italian Pannella List, the European Radical Alliance. Co-operation between the EFA and the Greens continued, after the election, the New Flemish Alliance also joined the EFA. The EFA subgroup thus counted seven MEPs, in the Brussels declaration of 2000 the EFA codified its political principles. The EFA stands for a Europe of Free Peoples based on the principle of subsidiarity, which believe in solidarity with each other, the EFA sees itself as an alliance of stateless peoples, striving towards recognition, autonomy, independence or wanting a proper voice in Europe. It supports European integration on basis of the subsidiarity-principle and it believes also that Europe should move away from further centralisation and works towards the formation of a Europe of regions. It believes that regions should have power in Europe, for instance participating in the Council of the European Union. It also wants to protect the linguistic and cultural diversity within the EU, the EFA broadly stands on the left-wing of the political spectrum. The Brussels declaration emphasises the protection of rights, sustainable development. The main organs of the EFA organisation are the General Assembly, the Bureau, in the General Assembly, the supreme council of the EFA, every member party has one vote. The Bureau takes care of daily affairs and it is chaired by François Alfonsi, president of the EFA, while Jordi Solé is secretary-general and Lorena Lopez de Lacalle treasurer and first vice-president. The Bureau is completed by other nine vice-presidents, Olrik Bouma, Chantal Certan, Jill Evans, Anders Eriksson, David Grosclaude, Flemming Meyer, Ana Miranda, Wouter Patho and this is a list of EFA member parties. Before becoming a party, an organization needs to have been an observer of the EFA for at least one year
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The Green Group in the European Parliament
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The Green Group in the European Parliament was a Green political group with seats in the European Parliament between 1989 and 1999. In 1989 the Rainbow Group split, with the Greens forming a group called The Green Group in the European Parliament, the Greens and Regionalists stayed within separate parliamentary groups until 1999, when the two Groups reunited under the European Greens–European Free Alliance banner. The groups formal name was The Green Group in the European Parliament, unlike other groups, the the was part of the formal name of the group. G/EFA on Europe Politique Development of Political Groups in the European Parliament Political Groups of the European Parliament
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European Radical Alliance
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The Group of the European Radical Alliance was a heterogeneous political group with seats in the European Parliament between 1994 and 1999. It was formed by regionalist parties form the former Rainbow Group, although its largest, in 1989 the Rainbow Group split. The Greens went off to form the Green Group, whilst the Regionalists stayed in the rump of Rainbow Group, but Lega Nord had been suspended from the European Free Alliance following its decision to join the coalition Italian government alongside the right-wing National Alliance. Given this reduction in numbers, the weakened EFA were no longer able to maintain their own group. The ERA stayed in existence until 1999, when a loss of support forced the European Free Alliance members of the ERA to rejoin with the Green Group to create the Greens–European Free Alliance group
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Philippe Lamberts
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Philippe Lamberts is a Belgian politician. Lamberts graduated as an engineer at the Université catholique de Louvain in 1986, from 1987 to 2009 he worked at IBM in a variety of positions, also as a manager. Between 1999 and 2003 he was an adviser of the Vice-Prime Minister Isabelle Durant on foreign affairs, Lamberts was the co-spokesperson of the European Green Party between 2006 and 2012. and has been a Member of the European Parliament for the Ecolo party since 2009. He has been leading the Greens–European Free Alliance in the European Parliament since 2014 and he is a member of the European Parliaments Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs and the Committee for Industry, Research and Energy. Philippe Lamberts personal website Lamberts official page on the European Parliament website
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