General Gregor MacGregor was a Scottish soldier, adventurer, and confidence trickster who attempted from 1821 to 1837 to draw British and French investors and settlers to "Poyais", a fictional Central American territory that he claimed to rule as "Cazique". Hundreds invested their savings in supposed Poyaisian government bonds and land certificates, while about 250 emigrated to MacGregor's invented country in 1822–23 to find only an untouched jungle; more than half of them died. Seen as a contributory factor to the "Panic of 1825", MacGregor's Poyais scheme has been called one of the most brazen confidence tricks in history.
Mezzotint by Reynolds, after Rochard, c. 1820–1835
A romanticised depiction of a MacGregor clansman, by R R McIan
MacGregor in the British Army, painted by George Watson, 1804
Josefa MacGregor, painted by Charles Lees in 1821
A cacique, sometimes spelled as cazique was a tribal chieftain of the Taíno people, who were the indigenous inhabitants of the Bahamas, the Greater Antilles, and the northern Lesser Antilles at the time of European contact with those places. The term is a Spanish transliteration of the Taíno word kasike.
Túpac Amaru II, an Andean cacique[clarification needed] who led a 1781 rebellion against Spanish rule in Peru
Cangapol, chief of the Tehuelches, 18th century.
Hatuey monument plaque