Ground effect (aerodynamics)
Videos
In aircraft, the ground effect is the reduced aerodynamic drag that an aircraft's wings generate when they are close to a surface.
Bell X-14 showing lengthened landing gear legs to reduce suckdown
Dassault Mirage IIIV hovering over open grid
Underside view of the first prototype P.1127 showing small ventral strakes to increase fountain lift
Harrier GR9 showing the lift improvement devices, large ventral strakes and a retractable dam behind nosewheel
Monoplane
Videos
A monoplane is a fixed-wing aircraft configuration with a single mainplane, in contrast to a biplane or other types of multiplanes, which have multiple wings.
Ground effect (aerodynamics)
…and airspeed remain constant, an increase in the lift coefficient ensues, which combined with the reduced drag accounts for the "floating" effect. Low winged aircraft are more affected by ground effect than high wing aircraft. Due to the change in up-wash, down-wash, and wingtip vortices, the airspeed system may make…
Low wing on a Supermarine Spitfire
Mid wing on a de Havilland Vampire T11
High wing on a de Havilland Canada Dash 8
Parasol wing on a Consolidated PBY Catalina