Hà Giang is a city located on the banks of the Lô River in the Northeast region of Vietnam. It is the capital of Hà Giang Province. The city has an area of 135.33 km2 and a population of 55 559 inhabitants. The population is composed of 22 different ethnicities, of which 55.7% are Kinh and Tày people.

Đông Bắc is the region to the north of the Red River Delta in Vietnam, bordering China. It is called Northeast to distinguish it from the Tây Bắc or "Northwest", but it is actually in the north and northeast of Hanoi, wider than Việt Bắc or "Northern Vietnam". The Northeast is one of three sub-regions of Northern Vietnam. Sometimes the Northeast includes the Red River Delta.