Hanover is a borough in York County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 16,429 at the 2020 census. Located 19 miles (31 km) southwest of York and 54 miles (87 km) north-northwest of Baltimore, Maryland, the town is situated in a productive agricultural region. It is named after the German city of Hanover and is a principal city of the York–Hanover metropolitan area.

The Harrisburg–York–Lebanon, PA combined statistical area (CSA) is a region assigned by the U.S. Office of Management Budget that includes six cities in the Harrisburg and York areas along with several metropolitan statistical areas of Pennsylvania that combine to form a combined statistical area. As of the 2010 United States census, the CSA had a population total of 1,219,422, and ranked the third most populous CSA in Pennsylvania and 43rd most populous in the nation.