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History
Harbor Defenses of Long Island Sound
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The Harbor Defenses of Long Island Sound was a United States Army Coast Artillery Corps harbor defense command. It coordinated the coast defenses of Long Island Sound and Connecticut from 1895 to 1950, beginning with the Endicott program. These included both coast artillery forts and underwater minefields. The area defended included the approach via the Sound to New York City, the port cities and manufacturing centers of New London, New Haven, and Bridgeport, and eventually included the submarine base and shipyard in Groton. The command originated circa 1900 as an Artillery District, was renamed Coast Defenses of Long Island Sound in 1913, and again renamed Harbor Defenses of Long Island Sound in 1925.
Typical US disappearing gun battery for two guns.
Typical US disappearing gun battery for two guns.
12-inch mortars, similar to those at Fort H. G. Wright and Fort Terry.
12-inch mortars, similar to those at Fort H. G. Wright and Fort Terry.
10-inch gun M1888 on disappearing carriage M1896, similar to other large disappearing guns.
10-inch gun M1888 on disappearing carriage M1896, similar to other large disappearing guns.
6-inch gun M1900 on pedestal mount M1900. Early 6-inch installations were on disappearing mounts, later installations were on pedestal mounts.
6-inch gun M1900 on pedestal mount M1900. Early 6-inch installations were on disappearing mounts, later installations were on pedestal mounts.
United States Army Coast Artillery Corps
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The U.S. Army Coast Artillery Corps (CAC) was an administrative corps responsible for coastal, harbor, and anti-aircraft defense of the United States and its possessions between 1901 and 1950. The CAC also operated heavy and railway artillery during World War I.
Practice loading of a 10-inch gun on a disappearing carriage at Fort Hamilton, Brooklyn, NY, a typical Endicott period installation.
Practice loading of a 10-inch gun on a disappearing carriage at Fort Hamilton, Brooklyn, NY, a typical Endicott period installation.
Typical Endicott period battery with components labeled.
Typical Endicott period battery with components labeled.
USAMP Major Samuel Ringgold, built in 1904, which planted practice groups of mines in the Columbia River during the 1920s. (National Archives and Reco
USAMP Major Samuel Ringgold, built in 1904, which planted practice groups of mines in the Columbia River during the 1920s. (National Archives and Records Administration)
US-manned 155mm GPF gun of Battery F, 55th Coast Artillery, France 1918
US-manned 155mm GPF gun of Battery F, 55th Coast Artillery, France 1918