Harthill is a village in the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham, on the border with Derbyshire. It lies between Killamarsh and Thorpe Salvin, and is located at approximately 53°19′10″N 1°15′30″W, at an elevation of around 110 metres above sea level. In the 2001 census, the civil parish of Harthill with Woodall had a population of 1,909, reducing slightly to 1,879 at the 2011 Census.

The Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham is a metropolitan borough of South Yorkshire, England. It is named after its main settlement of Rotherham. The wider borough spans a larger area and covers the outlying towns of Maltby, Swinton, Wath-upon-Dearne, Dinnington. As well as the villages of Rawmarsh and Laughton. A large valley spans the entire borough and is referred to as the "Rother Valley".