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Heated shot
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Heated shot or hot shot is round shot that is heated before firing from muzzle-loading cannons, for the purpose of setting fire to enemy warships, buildings, or equipment. The use of heated shot dates back centuries. It was a powerful weapon against wooden warships, where fire was always a hazard. It was rendered obsolete in the mid-19th century when vessels armored with iron replaced wooden warships in the world's navies. Also at around the same time, the replacement of solid-iron shot with exploding shells gave artillery a far more destructive projectile that could be fired immediately without preparation.
Mobile furnace, operated by the Royal Norwegian Navy, used to heat cannon shots (ca. 1860).
A contemporary aquatint of the 1782 Franco-Spanish attack on Gibraltar. A Spanish Floating battery is shown exploding after the British defenders set
A contemporary aquatint of the 1782 Franco-Spanish attack on Gibraltar. A Spanish Floating battery is shown exploding after the British defenders set it on fire with heated shot
An iron grate for heating iron shot during the Great Siege of Gibraltar (1779–83)
An iron grate for heating iron shot during the Great Siege of Gibraltar (1779–83)
The Heated-shot furnace at Fort-la-Latte, showing its proximity to the ramparts where the fort's guns were placed
The Heated-shot furnace at Fort-la-Latte, showing its proximity to the ramparts where the fort's guns were placed
Shell (projectile)
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A shell, in a military context, is a projectile whose payload contains an explosive, incendiary, or other chemical filling. Originally it was called a bombshell, but "shell" has come to be unambiguous in a military context. A shell can hold a tracer.
Some sectioned shells from the First World War. From left to right: 90 mm shrapnel shell, 120 mm pig iron incendiary shell, 77/14 model – 75 mm high-e
Some sectioned shells from the First World War. From left to right: 90 mm shrapnel shell, 120 mm pig iron incendiary shell, 77/14 model – 75 mm high-explosive shell, model 16–75 mm shrapnel shell.
US scientists with a full-scale cut-away model of the W48 155 millimeter nuclear artillery shell, a very small tactical nuclear weapon with an explosi
US scientists with a full-scale cut-away model of the W48 155 millimeter nuclear artillery shell, a very small tactical nuclear weapon with an explosive yield equivalent to 72 tons of TNT (0.072 kiloton). It could be fired from any standard 155 mm (6.1 inch) howitzer (e.g., the M114 or M198).
155 mm M107 projectiles. All have fuzes fitted.
155 mm M107 projectiles. All have fuzes fitted.
The "flying-cloud thunderclap-eruptor" cannon from the Huolongjing
The "flying-cloud thunderclap-eruptor" cannon from the Huolongjing