1.
Single (music)
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In music, a single or record single is a type of release, typically a song recording of fewer tracks than an LP record, an album or an EP record. This can be released for sale to the public in a variety of different formats, in most cases, a single is a song that is released separately from an album, although it usually also appears on an album. Typically, these are the songs from albums that are released separately for promotional uses such as digital download or commercial radio airplay and are expected to be the most popular, in other cases a recording released as a single may not appear on an album. As digital downloading and audio streaming have become prevalent, it is often possible for every track on an album to also be available separately. Nevertheless, the concept of a single for an album has been retained as an identification of a heavily promoted or more popular song within an album collection. Despite being referred to as a single, singles can include up to as many as three tracks on them. The biggest digital music distributor, iTunes, accepts as many as three tracks less than ten minutes each as a single, as well as popular music player Spotify also following in this trend. Any more than three tracks on a release or longer than thirty minutes in total running time is either an Extended Play or if over six tracks long. The basic specifications of the single were made in the late 19th century. Gramophone discs were manufactured with a range of speeds and in several sizes. By about 1910, however, the 10-inch,78 rpm shellac disc had become the most commonly used format, the inherent technical limitations of the gramophone disc defined the standard format for commercial recordings in the early 20th century.26 rpm. With these factors applied to the 10-inch format, songwriters and performers increasingly tailored their output to fit the new medium, the breakthrough came with Bob Dylans Like a Rolling Stone. Singles have been issued in various formats, including 7-inch, 10-inch, other, less common, formats include singles on digital compact cassette, DVD, and LD, as well as many non-standard sizes of vinyl disc. Some artist release singles on records, a more common in musical subcultures. The most common form of the single is the 45 or 7-inch. The names are derived from its speed,45 rpm. The 7-inch 45 rpm record was released 31 March 1949 by RCA Victor as a smaller, more durable, the first 45 rpm records were monaural, with recordings on both sides of the disc. As stereo recordings became popular in the 1960s, almost all 45 rpm records were produced in stereo by the early 1970s
2.
Cher
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Cher is an American singer and actress. Commonly referred to as the Goddess of Pop, she is described as embodying female autonomy in a male-dominated industry. Cher gained popularity in 1965 as one-half of the folk rock husband-wife duo Sonny & Cher after their song I Got You Babe reached number one on the American and she began her solo career simultaneously, releasing in 1966 her first million-seller song, Bang Bang. She became a personality in the 1970s with her shows The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour, watched by over 30 million viewers weekly during its three-year run. She emerged as a trendsetter by wearing elaborate outfits on her television shows. While working on television, she established herself as a solo artist with the U. S. Billboard Hot 100 chart-topping singles Gypsys, Tramps & Thieves, Half-Breed, and Dark Lady. After her divorce from Sonny Bono in 1975, Cher launched a comeback in 1979 with the disco-oriented album Take Me Home and earned $300,000 a week for her 1980–82 residency show in Las Vegas. In 1982, Cher made her Broadway debut in the play Come Back to the Five and Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean and starred in the film adaptation of the same title. She subsequently earned critical acclaim for her performances in such as Silkwood, Mask. She then revived her career by recording the rock-inflected albums Cher, Heart of Stone. She reached a new peak in 1998 with the album Believe. It also features the use of Auto-Tune, also known as the Cher effect. Her 2002–2005 Living Proof, The Farewell Tour became one of the concert tours of all time. In 2008, she signed a $180 million deal to headline the Colosseum at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas for three years, after seven years of absence, she returned to film in the 2010 musical Burlesque. Chers first studio album in 12 years, Closer to the Truth, Cher has won a Grammy Award, an Emmy Award, an Academy Award, three Golden Globe Awards, a Cannes Film Festival Award, and a special CFDA Fashion Award, among several other honors. Throughout her career, she has sold 100 million records worldwide and she is the only artist to date to have a number-one single on a Billboard chart in each decade from the 1960s to the 2010s. Outside of her music and acting, she is noted for her views, philanthropic endeavors and social activism, including LGBT rights. Cher was born Cherilyn Sarkisian in El Centro, California, on May 20,1946, Chers father was rarely home when she was an infant, and her parents divorced when Cher was ten months old
3.
Prisoner (Cher album)
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Prisoner is the 16th studio album by American singer-actress Cher, released on October 22,1979 by Casablanca Records. The album was a failure and failed to chart. Hell on Wheels was released as the single which had a moderate success. Prisoner was Chers second album of 1979, and was released nine months after Take Me Home and this was the last album of Chers to date to be produced by Bob Esty, with Esty and Michelle Aller contributing several of the songs. Compared to the style of Take Me Home, Prisoner featured a relatively new wave sound. Prisoner also marked the first time that Cher released an album which featured songs that were exclusively for her. The producer wanted to take advantage of Chers image and the obsession with her. On the front cover of the album, she appears to be completely naked and she is wrapped in chains and wearing a wide metal collar. Her wrists and ankles are tightly shackled with wide metal bands, the cover spurred controversy among some womens rights groups for her perceived sex slave image. Originally the album was planned to be titled Mirror Image, pointing out Chers known brave-side, since Cher wasnt really into the album she kept on refusing songs on one hand and adding songs on the other hand. Boys & Girls, a more rock-based song was added by Cher, since there was nothing left from the albums original plan, the title was changed into Prisoner before release. Prisoner has been released on CD together with the first Casablanca Records album Take me Home, in a CD entitled and this CD unites all the tracks from both albums, merging them onto one single CD. To promote the release of the album, the song Shoppin was performed in an American television show, also the song Holdin Out For Love was performed. Hell on Wheels, the single from the album reached only number fifty-nine on the Billboard Hot 100. To promote the single a video was filmed, in it, Cher was featured wearing roller skates being followed by some truckers. The song was included in original soundtrack to the film. Holdin Out For Love was released in Japan as a single, and in the UK as a commercial 7. Just prior to its release, Casablanca ran an ad on Billboard magazines inside back cover that duplicated Prisoners album cover art
4.
A-side and B-side
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The terms A-side and B-side refer to the two sides of 78,45, and 33 1/3 rpm phonograph records, whether singles, extended plays, or long-playing records. Creedence Clearwater Revival had hits with both A-side and B-side releases, others took the opposite approach, producer Phil Spector was in the habit of filling B-sides with on-the-spot instrumentals that no one would confuse with the A-side. With this practice, Spector was assured that airplay was focused on the side he wanted to be the hit side, the earliest 10-inch,78 rpm, shellac records were single sided. Double-sided recordings, with one song on side, were introduced in Europe by Columbia Records. There were no record charts until the 1930s, and radio stations did not play recorded music until the 1950s, in this time, A-sides and B-sides existed, but neither side was considered more important, the side did not convey anything about the content of the record. The term single came into use with the advent of vinyl records in the early 1950s. At first, most record labels would randomly assign which song would be an A-side, under this random system, many artists had so-called double-sided hits, where both songs on a record made one of the national sales charts, or would be featured on jukeboxes in public places. As time wore on, however, the convention for assigning songs to sides of the record changed. By the early sixties, the song on the A-side was the song that the company wanted radio stations to play. It was not until 1968, for instance, that the production of albums on a unit basis finally surpassed that of singles in the United Kingdom. In the late 1960s stereo versions of pop and rock songs began to appear on 45s. The majority of the 45s were played on AM radio stations, by the early 1970s, double-sided hits had become rare. Album sales had increased, and B-sides had become the side of the record where non-album, non-radio-friendly, with the advent of cassette and compact disc singles in the late 1980s, the A-side/B-side differentiation became much less meaningful. With the decline of cassette singles in the 1990s, the A-side/B-side dichotomy became virtually extinct, as the dominant medium. However, the term B-side is still used to refer to the tracks or coupling tracks on a CD single. With the advent of downloading music via the Internet, sales of CD singles and other media have declined. B-side songs may be released on the record as a single to provide extra value for money. There are several types of material released in this way, including a different version, or, in a concept record
5.
12-inch single
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The 12-inch single is a type of gramophone record that has wider groove spacing and shorter playing time compared to typical LPs. This allows for levels to be cut on the disc by the cutting engineer, which in turn gives a wider dynamic range. This record type is used in disco and dance music genres. They are played at either 33 1⁄3 or 45 rpm, 12-inch singles typically have much shorter playing time than full-length LPs, thus require fewer grooves per inch. This extra space permits a broader dynamic range or louder recording level as the grooves excursions can be greater in amplitude. Many record companies began producing 12-inch singles at 33 1⁄3 rpm, although 45 rpm gives better treble response and was used on many 12-inch singles, the gramophone records cut especially for dance-floor DJs came into existence with the advent of recorded Jamaican mento music in the 1950s. With the 1967 Jamaican invention of remix, called dub on the island, those specials became valuable items sold to allied sound system DJs, who could draw crowds with their exclusive hits. The popularity of sound engineer King Tubby, who singlehandedly invented and perfected dub remixes from as early as 1967. By then 10-inch records were used to cut those dubs, by 1971, most reggae singles issued in Jamaica included on their B-side a dub remix of the A-side, many of them first tested as exclusive dub plates on dances. Those dubs basically included drum and bass-oriented remixes used by sound system selecters, the 10-inch acetate specials would remain popular until at least the 2000s in Jamaica. Most likely, the use of exclusive dub acetates in Jamaica also led American DJs to do the same. In the United States, the 12-inch single gramophone record came into popularity with the advent of music in the 1970s after earlier market experiments. In early 1970, Cycle/Ampex Records test-marketed a 12-inch single by Buddy Fite, the experiment aimed to energize the struggling singles market, offering a new option for consumers who had stopped buying traditional singles. The record was pressed at 33 rpm, with run times to the 7-inch 45-rpm pressing of the single. Several hundred copies were available for sale for 98 cents each at two Tower Records stores. Another early 12-inch single was released in 1973 by soul/R&B musician/songwriter/producer Jerry Williams, 12-inch promotional copies of Straight From My Heart were released on his own Swamp Dogg Presents label, with distribution by Jamie/Guyden Distribution Corporation. It was manufactured by Jamie Record Co. of Philadelphia, PA, the B-side of the record is blank. The first 12-inch single made specifically for DJs was actually a 10-inch acetate used by a mix engineer in need of a Friday-night test copy for famed disco mixer Tom Moulton, the song was Ill be holding on by Al Downing
6.
Disco
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Disco is a genre of dance music containing elements of funk, soul, pop, and salsa. It achieved popularity during the mid-1970s to the early 1980s, Disco can be seen as a reaction against both the domination of rock music and the stigmatization of dance music by the counterculture during this period. It was popular with men and women, from many different backgrounds. The disco sound often has several components, a beat, an eighth note or 16th note hi-hat pattern with an open hi-hat on the off-beat. In most disco tracks, string sections, horns, electric piano, Orchestral instruments such as the flute are often used for solo melodies, and lead guitar is less frequently used in disco than in rock. Many disco songs use electronic synthesizers, particularly in the late 1970s, well-known 1970s disco performers included Donna Summer, the Bee Gees, Boney M. KC and the Sunshine Band, The Trammps, Sylvester, Village People, Gloria Gaynor and Chic. While performers and singers garnered much attention, record producers working behind the scenes played an important role in developing the disco sound. Many non-disco artists recorded songs at the height of discos popularity. Disco was the last mass popular movement that was driven by the baby boom generation. Disco was a phenomenon, but its popularity drastically declined in the United States in 1980. Disco Demolition Night, an anti-disco protest held in Chicago on 12 July 1979, is thought of as a factor in discos fast. By the late 1970s most major U. S. cities had thriving disco club scenes, Studio 54, a venue popular amongst celebrities, is a well-known example of a disco club. Popular dances included the Hustle, a suggestive dance. Discotheque-goers often wore expensive, extravagant and sexy fashions, Disco clubs were also associated with promiscuity. Disco was a key influence on the 1980s electronic dance style called house. The term is derived from discothèque, by the early 1940s, the terms disc jockey and DJ were in use to describe radio presenters. During WWII, because of restrictions set in place by the Nazi occupiers, eventually more than one of these jazz venues had the proper name discothèque. By 1959, the term was used in Paris to describe any of these type of nightclubs and that year a young reporter named Klaus Quirini started to select and introduce records at the Scotch-Club in Aachen, West Germany
7.
New wave music
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New wave is a genre of rock music popular from the late 1970s to the mid-1980s with ties to 1970s punk rock. New wave moved away from smooth blues and rock and roll sounds to create pop music that incorporated electronic and experimental music, mod, initially new wave was similar to punk rock, before becoming a distinct genre. It subsequently engendered subgenres and fusions, including synth-pop, college rock, common characteristics of new wave music include the use of synthesizers and electronic productions, the importance of styling and the arts, as well as diversity. In the mid-1980s, differences between new wave and other genres began to blur. New wave has enjoyed resurgences since the 1990s, after a rising nostalgia for several new wave-influenced artists, subsequently, the genre influenced other genres. During the 2000s, a number of acts explored new wave and post-punk influences, such as the Strokes, Interpol, Franz Ferdinand and these acts were sometimes labeled new wave of new wave. The catch-all nature of new music has been a source of much confusion. The 1985 discography Whos New Wave in Music listed artists in over 130 separate categories, the New Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock calls the term virtually meaningless, while AllMusic mentions stylistic diversity. New wave first emerged as a genre in the early 1970s, used by critics including Nick Kent and Dave Marsh to classify such New York-based groups as the Velvet Underground. It gained currency beginning in 1976 when it appeared in UK punk fanzines such as Sniffin Glue and newsagent music weeklies such as Melody Maker and New Musical Express. In November 1976 Caroline Coon used Malcolm McLarens term new wave to designate music by bands not exactly punk, the term was also used in that sense by music journalist Charles Shaar Murray in his comments about the Boomtown Rats. For a period of time in 1976 and 1977, the new wave. By the end of 1977, new wave had replaced punk as the definition for new music in the UK. As radio consultants in the United States had advised their clients that punk rock was a fad, like the filmmakers of the French new wave movement, its new artists were anti-corporate and experimental. At first, most U. S. writers exclusively used the new wave for British punk acts. Music historian Vernon Joynson claimed that new wave emerged in the UK in late 1976, in the U. S. the first new wavers were the not-so-punk acts associated with the New York club CBGB. CBGB owner Hilly Kristal, referring to the first show of the band Television at his club in March 1974, said, furthermore, many artists who would have originally been classified as punk were also termed new wave. A1977 Phonogram Records compilation album of the same name features US artists including the Dead Boys, Ramones, Talking Heads, New wave is much more closely tied to punk and came and went more quickly in the United Kingdom than in the United States
8.
Casablanca Records
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Casablanca Records is an American recording label owned by Universal Music Group and operated under Republic Records. The label became most successful as a label in the 1970s. Casablanca was founded in 1973 by former Buddah Records executive Neil Bogart and he partnered with Cecil Holmes, Larry Harris and Buck Reingold in 1973, and was based in Los Angeles. The label was formed after they left Buddah and secured financing by Warner Bros. Records to start the venture. Casablanca became one of the most successful labels of the 1970s, signing and releasing albums by acts as Kiss, Donna Summer, Village People, Cher, Lipps Inc. In 1977, PolyGram acquired a 50 percent stake of Casablanca for $15 million, in 1980, in 1980, one of the labels biggest acts, Donna Summer, departed for another record label as she and Casablanca failed to agree on her musical direction for the future. That same year, PolyGram pushed Bogart out of Casablanca due to what it viewed as the labels overspending and accounting irregularities, the film division was separated from the label and renamed PolyGram Pictures. The label was shut down by PolyGram with some of the artist roster and catalogue absorbed into sister label. In 1999, PolyGram was purchased by Seagram and then merged with Seagrams MCA Music Entertainment Group to form the Universal Music Group, in 2000, the Casablanca Records name was revived for a joint venture between Universal Music Group and Tommy Mottola. In a Billboard article, Mottola said that he chose the name as a homage to the original label, Casablanca is currently a dance and electronic label under Republic Records headed by GM, Brett Alperowitz. Bogart was the head of Buddah Records, which was owned by the Viewlex Corporation, also employed at Buddah Records were Holmes, Harris, and Reingold. Bogart had an approach to the music business and he eventually grew tired of answering and conforming to Viewlexs business mode. In 1973, he arranged financing through Warner Bros. Records whereas he could start his own record label, after much back and forth, the green light was eventually given by Warner and Bogart started the new label, bringing Harris, Holmes, and Reingold with him. Bogart called the label Casablanca as it was the name of his favorite film, also, since Warner Bros. owned the rights to the title of the film Casablanca, Bogart knew there would be no lawsuit against him regarding the name Casablanca Records. The labels first signing was the rock group Kiss, however, butter Boy by Fanny and The Hudson Brothers So You Are a Star proved to be Casablancas first Billboard Top 40 hits. Thus, Casablanca experienced lukewarm relations with Warner Bros. its parent company, Warner manufactured and distributed albums for its own acts, as well as for all its sudsidiary labels. Both Casablanca and Warner handled promotion for Casablanca artists, however, a few years later when Warner began experiencing manufacturing problems, it began focusing mainly on manufacturing albums by Warner acts and not so much the sudsidiaries. Thus, Casablanca found itself with only modest success with its releases as it had limited distribution, once Bogart realized this, he took the issue to Warner head Mo Ostin who had not been aware of the lack of attention being given to the sudsidiary labels
9.
Philips Records
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Not to be confused with Phillips International Records. Philips Records is a label that was founded by the Dutch electronics company Philips. In 1946 Philips acquired the company which pressed records for British Deccas Dutch outlet in Amsterdam, the record label was started by Philips Phonographische Industrie in June 1950 when it began issuing classical recordings. Recordings were also made with artists of various nationalities and with classical artists from Germany, France. Launched under the slogan Records of the Century, the first releases in Britain appeared at the beginning of January 1953 on 1078 rpm discs, Philips also distributed recordings made by the Columbia Records in the UK and on the European continent. After the separation of the English Columbia label and American Columbia, the first single on the label to chart was Frankie Laines I Believe, which reached the No.1 chart position in the UK that April. Many of the first British recordings on the label were produced by Norman Newell until John Franz was appointed artists, in 1958 Philips created a subsidiary label, Fontana Records, which meant that American-Columbia recordings were being issued on both the Philips and Fontana labels. This arrangement lasted until April 1962 when, under pressure from Columbia in America, Philips then created a label for them. In late 1964, under the stewardship of U. S. President of Columbia Records Goddard Lieberson, CBS Records formed its own international operations, CBS Records set up their UK operation in Theobalds Road in Holborn. Singles and albums on the Philips and Fontana labels by Columbia-owned product were subsequently withdrawn, in 1962, Philips Records and Deutsche Grammophon formed the Grammophon-Philips Group joint venture, which later became PolyGram in 1972. UK pressings were manufactured at the large factory based at Walthamstow in N. E. In 1961, after Philips lost its North American distribution deal with Columbia Records, a year later, Philips US affiliate Consolidated Electronics Industries Corp. bought Mercury and its subsidiary labels, such as Smash. Philips classical, jazz and pop records were marketed by Mercury in the US under the Philips label, the Mercury Living Presence team also made classical recordings for Philips, in July 1961. 69 for cello and piano by Richter and Rostropovich, classical groups that Philips heavily recorded included the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra, the Beaux Arts Trio, and the Quartetto Italiano. Violinist Arthur Grumiaux and the pianist Claudio Arrau were under contract to Philips, symphony orchestras under contract, including the LSO, were under the command of prestigious young conductors such as Colin Davis and Bernard Haitink. From 1961 until the late 1980s, Philips Records issued many classical titles in US-specific packaging, the records were pressed at Mercurys plant in Richmond, Indiana, and mastered in New York by George Piros at Fine Recording, using 2-track and mono master tapes provided by Philips. These releases were the PHS900 xxx series for stereo and the 500 xxx series for mono, clair Van Ausdal in Mercurys New York office oversaw the Philips classical US releases through the mid-1960s. These records were made through Mercurys existing jazz operations and produced by Jack Tracy, in addition to jazz and classical music, Philips also became a major player in the world of rock and pop music in the late 1950s till late 1970s
10.
Songwriter
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A songwriter is an individual who writes the lyrics, melodies and chord progressions for songs, typically for a popular music genre such as rock or country music. A songwriter can also be called a composer, although the term tends to be used mainly for individuals from the classical music genre. The pressure from the industry to produce popular hits means that songwriting is often an activity for which the tasks are distributed between a number of people. For example, a songwriter who excels at writing lyrics might be paired with a songwriter with a gift for creating original melodies, pop songs may be written by group members from the band or by staff writers – songwriters directly employed by music publishers. Some songwriters serve as their own publishers, while others have outside publishers. The old-style apprenticeship approach to learning how to write songs is being supplemented by university degrees and college diplomas, a knowledge of modern music technology, songwriting elements and business skills are necessary requirements to make a songwriting career in the 2010s. Several music colleges offer songwriting diplomas and degrees with music business modules, the legal power to grant these permissions may be bought, sold or transferred. This is governed by international copyright law, song pitching can be done on a songwriters behalf by their publisher or independently using tip sheets like RowFax, the MusicRow publication and SongQuarters. Skills associated with song-writing include entrepreneurism and creativity, songwriters who sign an exclusive songwriting agreement with a publisher are called staff writers. In the Nashville country music scene, there is a staff writer culture where contracted writers work normal 9-to-5 hours at the publishing office and are paid a regular salary. This salary is in effect the writers draw, an advance on future earnings, the publisher owns the copyright of songs written during the term of the agreement for a designated period, after which the songwriter can reclaim the copyright. In an interview with HitQuarters, songwriter Dave Berg extolled the benefits of the set-up, unlike contracted writers, some staff writers operate as employees for their respective publishers. Under the terms of work for hire agreements, the compositions created are fully owned by the publisher. In Nashville, young writers are often encouraged to avoid these types of contracts. Staff writers are common across the industry, but without the more office-like working arrangements favored in Nashville. All the major publishers employ writers under contract, songwriter Allan Eshuijs described his staff writer contract at Universal Music Publishing as a starter deal. His success under the arrangement eventually allowed him to found his own publishing company, so that he could. keep as much as possible, songwriters are also often skilled musicians. In addition to selling their songs and musical concepts for other artists to sing, songwriters need to create a number of elements for a song
11.
Record producer
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A record producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performers music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album. A producer has many roles during the recording process, the roles of a producer vary. The producer may perform these roles himself, or help select the engineer, the producer may also pay session musicians and engineers and ensure that the entire project is completed within the record companies budget. A record producer or music producer has a broad role in overseeing and managing the recording. Producers also often take on an entrepreneurial role, with responsibility for the budget, schedules, contracts. In the 2010s, the industry has two kinds of producers with different roles, executive producer and music producer. Executive producers oversee project finances while music producers oversee the process of recording songs or albums. In most cases the producer is also a competent arranger, composer. The producer will also liaise with the engineer who concentrates on the technical aspects of recording. Noted producer Phil Ek described his role as the person who creatively guides or directs the process of making a record, indeed, in Bollywood music, the designation actually is music director. The music producers job is to create, shape, and mold a piece of music, at the beginning of record industry, producer role was technically limited to record, in one shot, artists performing live. The role of producers changed progressively over the 1950s and 1960s due to technological developments, the development of multitrack recording caused a major change in the recording process. Before multitracking, all the elements of a song had to be performed simultaneously, all of these singers and musicians had to be assembled in a large studio and the performance had to be recorded. As well, for a song that used 20 instruments, it was no longer necessary to get all the players in the studio at the same time. Examples include the rock sound effects of the 1960s, e. g. playing back the sound of recorded instruments backwards or clanging the tape to produce unique sound effects. These new instruments were electric or electronic, and thus they used instrument amplifiers, new technologies like multitracking changed the goal of recording, A producer could blend together multiple takes and edit together different sections to create the desired sound. For example, in jazz fusion Bandleader-composer Miles Davis album Bitches Brew, producers like Phil Spector and George Martin were soon creating recordings that were, in practical terms, almost impossible to realise in live performance. Producers became creative figures in the studio, other examples of such engineers includes Joe Meek, Teo Macero, Brian Wilson, and Biddu
12.
Roller Boogie
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Roller Boogie is a 1979 American romantic musical drama film starring Linda Blair and introducing Jim Bray, a former competitive artistic skater from California. The film also stars Beverly Garland, Mark Goddard, and Kimberly Beck, the film is set in the Venice, Los Angeles, California area at the height of the roller skating fad of the late 1970s. Two characters, Bobby James and Terry Barkley, fall in love while skating to disco music. Along the way they must thwart a powerful mobster who wants the land their favorite roller rink sits on, the film received mostly negative reviews during its theatrical release but in recent years has become a cult classic and a time capsule of the Disco genre. Bobby James and his friends skate to work on the Venice, meanwhile in Beverly Hills, Terry Barkley, genius flautist is also heading towards the beach in her Excalibur Phateon car. She also is joined by her stuck-up girlfriend Lana, Bobby is skating on the boardwalk with a female friend when he encounters Terry. But she remains aloof and spurns his advance, later they meet at a local skating rink called Jammers. During a near catastrophic skating incident where Bobby saves the day, Terry wants to pay him to teach her how to skate for the Roller Disco contest. Even though they share a flirty, romantic couples skate, later on she rebuffs him yet again, the next day has both Terry and Bobby getting flack from their respected friends and family. She has had enough and goes to the beach and she finds Bobby there, practicing a jump and turns on the charm. He shares with her his dream to become an Olympic Roller Skater and they end up making out on the beach. Bobby asks her if shes going to pay him for sex as well, Terry goes home and has a row with her mother. She wants to give up her dreams of playing Classical Flute at Juilliard School and her mom is shocked, enough so she needs a Valium. The next morning, she calls and invites Bobby to breakfast where she apologizes and he wants to skate with her, but on his terms, no money, he calls the shots. Through a series of scenes we see them work together to form a routine. Unfortunately, Jammers is about to be sold to a ruthless mob developer, Bobby and Terry are clued into this plot and try to get her father, a lawyer, to help. While Terry is performing at an outdoor party, some of the young men sneak up. As a result, a group of distinguished guests falls into the swimming pool and this ruins the concert, as well as the party and its ceremonial cake
13.
The Arizona Republic
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The Arizona Republic is an American daily newspaper published in Phoenix. Circulated throughout Arizona, it is the states largest newspaper, since 2000, it has been owned by the Gannett newspaper chain. The newspaper was founded May 19,1890, under the name The Arizona Republican, heard, a Phoenix land and cattle baron, ran the newspaper from 1912 until his death in 1929. The paper was run by two of its top executives, Charles Stauffer and W. Wesley Knorpp, until it was bought by Midwestern newspaper magnate Eugene C. Pulliam, who bought the two Gazettes as well as the Republic, ran all three newspapers until his death in 1975 at the age of 86. A strong period of came under Pulliam, who imprinted the newspaper with his conservative brand of politics. Pulliam was considered one of the business leaders who created the modern Phoenix area as it is known today. Pulliams holding company, Central Newspapers, Inc. as led by Pulliams widow and son, the Phoenix Gazette was closed in 1997 and its staff merged with that of the Republic. The Arizona Business Gazette is still published to this day, in 1998, a weekly section geared towards college students, The Rep, went into circulation. Specialized content is available in the local sections produced for many of the different cities. Central Newspapers was purchased by Gannett in 2000, bringing it into common ownership with USA Today, the Republic and KPNX combine their forces to produce their common local news subscription website, www. azcentral. com. In 2013, it dropped from the daily newspaper in the United States to the twenty-first. On September 25,2015, Mi-Ai Parrish was named Publisher, notable figures include Pulitzer-prize winning cartoonist Steve Benson, columnist Laurie Roberts, and Luis Manuel Ortiz, the only Hispanic member of the Arizona Journalism Hall of Fame. One of Arizonas best-known sports writers, Norm Frauenheim, retired in 2008, multiple staff members have been finalists for the Pulitzer Prize. Other staff include photojournalist Michael Schennum, an investigative reporter for the newspaper, Don Bolles, was the victim of a car bombing on June 2,1976, dying eleven days afterward. He had been lured to a meeting in Phoenix in the course of work on a story about corruption in politics and business. Retaliation against his pursuit of organized crime in Arizona is thought to be a motive in the murder, historically, The Republic has tilted conservative editorially. It endorsed President George W. Bush in both the 2000 and 2004 presidential elections, on October 25,2008, the paper endorsed Arizona Senator John McCain for president
14.
Music video
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A music video is a short film integrating a song and imagery, produced for promotional or artistic purposes. Modern music videos are made and used as a marketing device intended to promote the sale of music recordings. There are also cases where songs are used in tie in marketing campaigns that allow them to more than just a song. Tie ins and merchandising could be used in toys or marketing campaigns for food, although the origins of music videos date back to musical short films that first appeared in the 1920s, they came into prominence in the 1980s when MTV based their format around the medium. Prior to the 1980s, these works were described by terms including illustrated song, filmed insert, promotional film, promotional clip, promotional video, song video. Music videos use a range of styles of contemporary videomaking techniques, including animation, live action filming, documentaries. Some music videos blend different styles, such as animation, music, combining these styles and techniques has become more popular because of the variation it presents to the audience. Many music videos interpret images and scenes from the songs lyrics, other music videos may be without a set concept, being merely a filmed version of the songs live performance. Product placement is a technique in music videos, exemplified by the appearance of the Beats Pill in numerous hip hop videos. In 1894, sheet music publishers Edward B, marks and Joe Stern hired electrician George Thomas and various performers to promote sales of their song The Little Lost Child. Using a magic lantern, Thomas projected a series of images on a screen simultaneous to live performances. This would become a form of entertainment known as the illustrated song. In 1926, with the arrival of many musical short films were produced. Vitaphone shorts featured many bands, vocalists and dancers, early 1930s cartoons featured popular musicians performing their hit songs on-camera in live-action segments during the cartoons. The early animated films by Walt Disney, such as the Silly Symphonies shorts and especially Fantasia, the Warner Brothers cartoons, even today billed as Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies, were initially fashioned around specific songs from upcoming Warner Brothers musical films. Live action musical shorts, featuring such performers as Cab Calloway, were also distributed to theaters. Blues singer Bessie Smith appeared in a short film called St. Louis Blues featuring a dramatized performance of the hit song. Numerous other musicians appeared in short musical subjects during this period, soundies, produced and released from 1940 to 1947, were musical films that often included short dance sequences, similar to later music videos
15.
Take Me Home (Cher album)
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Take Me Home is the fifteenth studio album by American singer-actress Cher, released on January 25,1979 on Casablanca Records. The RIAA certified it gold on May 17 of that year for the sales of 500,000 copies in the US, Take Me Home was Chers first album of 1979, and also her first released by Casablanca Records. It was produced by Bob Esty and Ron Dante, and most of the songs were written by Michele Aller and this marked the beginning of her brief venture into disco music. Much to Chers chagrin, she was pressured into recording an album of this genre, from the album came a major comeback hit, Take Me Home. She contributed a lyrically self-penned song about her marriage to Gregg Allman on the closing ballad. This album is dedicated to Butterfly, Take Me Home was also the first album to have three tracks mixed, Take Me Home, Wasnt It Good and Git Down available on the Hell on Wheels single. Gene Simmons, her boyfriend at the time, received a credit on the album owing to his presence on the track Git Down. Take Me Home has been released on CD together with her second Casablanca Records album, Prisoner and this CD unites all the tracks from both albums, merging them onto one single CD. The album was released in 1993 and re-released in 1996 with a different cover, unreleased songs from the sessions include Oh God America, Sometime Somewhere both written by Cher but she didnt like her contributions so they were left off the inclusion on the album. The Ron Dante produced If Hed Take Me Back Again was also recorded during the Take Me Home sessions and remains unreleased. To promote the album, Cher recorded a video for Take Me Home which was used as part of an exclusive TV special called Cher. She also performed Take me Home along with two album tracks Love & Pain and Happy Was the Day We Met on The Mike Douglas Show. In 1979 Cher made her first solo tour, the Take Me Home Tour which was successful with two dates of the show recorded for broadcast, in Monte Carlo and at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas. For the latter performance, Cher was awarded Best Actress in a Variety Program at the 1983 CableACE Awards
16.
After Dark (magazine)
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After Dark was an entertainment magazine that covered theatre, cinema, stage plays, ballet, performance art, and various artists, including singers, actors and actresses, and dancers, among others. First published in May 1968, the magazine succeeded Ballroom Dance Magazine, the first issue does not say Volume 1 No. 1, it says Volume 10 No.1 and it continues with Volume 10 during the year - which makes chronology difficult as somewhere along the line it started to label its volumes in regular numerical order. In 1978, for example, the volume is once again number 10, after Dark, founded by its first editor, William Como, and Rudolph Orthwine, covered a wide range of entertainment- or lifestyle-related topics. Other cover photos included Bette Midler, Robert Redford, Barbra Streisand, Lauren Hutton, Mae West, Peter Allen, Dolly Parton, Jon Voight, Christopher Reeve, Lily Tomlin, and Diana Ross. Best sold issue was the February 1976 Issue with Zarko Halmic, Bonita George, the May 1979 issue contained a profile of actor Philip Anglim, who originated the role on Broadway of John Merrick in The Elephant Man, a play by Bernard Pomerance. Issues regularly contained features on fashion, at times articles were about mens fashion exclusively. C. for its advertising space promotion in the February 1977 issue of the magazine, After Dark touted, Reach the Audience with Money to Spare. Youll find them in After Dark, with no strings to tie them down. And the time and money to live it up, any chance they get and their profile of their readers stated that 85. 2% of their readers were single, were a median age of 33.7, and had a median income of US$20,882. They were upscale, with 75. 8% holding managerial or professional positions, well-groomed—76. 4% used cologne—and spent US$804 a year on clothing. Their readers were Travel Minded, taking a median 3.5 vacations per year with 56. 6% owning valid passports, the magazine contained substantial advertising for gay restaurants, accommodations, nightclubs, bathhouses, guides, books, pornographic movies, and other products. There was also an abundance of advertising for mens boutiques and clothing companies, especially those—such as International Male, the May 1979 issue included an ad for an organization simply identified as GSF titled, No Man Should Be Without A Man. Which stated, If you would like to meet warm, sincere gay men who are interesting in forming. relationships then its time you find out about GSF, the issue also included an ad in its After Dark Classified ads for a Gay Astrologer. Other advertising was intended for adult readers as well, presumably those with open minds. The February 1977 issue contained an ad for the Harry Reems Legal Defense Fund. The ad appealed for funds for Reems defense in two lawsuits for his participation in the pornographic films Deep Throat and The Devil in Miss Jones. Daniel Harris describes the founding of After Dark as One of the strangest reincarnations in journalistic history, catering to musically inclined blue-haired old ladies and golfers in Hush Puppies, Ballroom Dance Magazine was a recreational journal for the geriatric set. Although not described as a gay magazine, After Dark regularly covered topics of interest to the gay community, cal Culver, better known as the gay porn star Casey Donovan, appeared on the cover of the December 1972 issue
17.
Linda Blair
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Linda Denise Blair is an American actress. Blair is best known for her role as the child, Regan, in the film The Exorcist, for which she was nominated for an Academy Award. She reprised her role in Exorcist II, The Heretic, for which she was nominated for a Saturn Award, the youngest of three children, Blair was born in St. Louis, Missouri, and was raised in Westport, Connecticut. She began her career as a 4-year-old child model and started acting with a role on the short-lived Hidden Faces daytime soap opera. Her first theatrical appearance was in The Way We Live Now. Blair was selected from a field of 600 applicants for her most notable role as Regan in The Exorcist, the role earned her a Golden Globe and Peoples Choice Award for Best Supporting Actress as well as an Academy Award nomination. She reprised her role in the sequel, Exorcist II, The Heretic, between these two films, she appeared in Born Innocent, Airport 1975, Sarah T. – Portrait of a Teenage Alcoholic and Sweet Hostage opposite Martin Sheen, blairs career took a new turn in the 1980s, as she starred in a film in 1980 entitled Ruckus along with actor Dirk Benedict. She also starred in a number of successful horror and exploitation films, including Hell Night, Chained Heat. Blair later worked in films, mostly comedies, including the Exorcist send-up Repossessed in 1990. In 1997, she appeared in a Broadway revival of Grease and she was cast as a regular in the BBC television show, L. A.7. She hosted Fox Familys Scariest Places on Earth, in 2013 Blair accepted a role in the comedy webseries Whoa. and has since appeared in the 2016 feature The Green Fairy, as well as the upcoming Surge of Power, Revenge of the Sequel. Blair also became a rights activist and humanitarian, working with PETA, Feed the Children, Variety, the Childrens Charity. Blair also devotes time to an organization she organized, the Linda Blair WorldHeart Foundation. She commenced to follow a diet, and was a co-author of the book Going Vegan. Towards the end of the 1970s, Blair encountered trouble with law enforcement authorities as she was charged with drug possession and she pleaded guilty to a reduced charge of conspiracy to possess cocaine, in exchange for three years probation. Blair was also required to make at least 12 major public appearances to young people about the dangers of drug abuse. In 1997, she appeared in a documentary for Channel 4 in the UK entitled Didnt You Used to be Satan, which served as a biography of her life to that point and how the film The Exorcist had dominated her career and life
18.
Billboard Hot 100
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The Billboard Hot 100 is the music industry standard record chart in the United States for singles, published weekly by Billboard magazine. Chart rankings are based on sales, radio play and online streaming, the weekly sales period was originally Monday to Sunday, when Nielsen started tracking sales in 1991, but was changed to Friday to Thursday in July 2015. Radio airplay, which, unlike sales figures and streaming data, is available on a real-time basis. A new chart is compiled and officially released to the public by Billboard on Tuesdays, as of the issue for the week ending on April 15,2017, the Hot 100 has had 1,061 different number one hits. The current number one song is Shape of You by Ed Sheeran, prior to 1955, Billboard did not have a unified, all-encompassing popularity chart, instead measuring songs by individual metrics. At the start of the era in 1955, three such charts existed, Best Sellers in Stores was the first Billboard chart, established in 1936. This chart ranked the biggest selling singles in retail stores, as reported by merchants surveyed throughout the country, Most Played by Jockeys was Billboards original airplay chart. It ranked the most played songs on United States radio stations, as reported by radio disc jockeys, Most Played in Jukeboxes ranked the most played songs in jukeboxes across the United States. On the week ending November 12,1955, Billboard published The Top 100 for the first time, the Top 100 combined all aspects of a singles performance, based on a point system that typically gave sales more weight than radio airplay. The Best Sellers In Stores, Most Played by Jockeys and Most Played in Jukeboxes charts continued to be published concurrently with the new Top 100 chart. The week ending July 28,1958 was the publication of the Most Played By Jockeys and Top 100 charts. On August 4,1958, Billboard premiered one main all-genre singles chart, the Hot 100 quickly became the industry standard and Billboard discontinued the Best Sellers In Stores chart on October 13,1958. The Billboard Hot 100 is still the standard by which a songs popularity is measured in the United States, the Hot 100 is ranked by radio airplay audience impressions as measured by Nielsen BDS, sales data compiled by Nielsen Soundscan and streaming activity provided by online music sources. There are several component charts that contribute to the calculation of the Hot 100. Charts are ranked by number of gross audience impressions, computed by cross-referencing exact times of radio airplay with Arbitron listener data. Hot Singles Sales, the top selling singles compiled from a sample of retail store, mass merchant and internet sales reports collected, compiled. The chart is released weekly and measures sales of commercial singles. With the decline in sales of singles in the US
19.
Los Angeles Times
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The Los Angeles Times, commonly referred to as the Times or LA Times, is a paid daily newspaper published in Los Angeles, California, since 1881. It was the largest metropolitan newspaper in circulation in the United States in 2008, the Times is owned by tronc. The Times was first published on December 4,1881, as the Los Angeles Daily Times under the direction of Nathan Cole Jr. and it was first printed at the Mirror printing plant, owned by Jesse Yarnell and T. J. Unable to pay the bill, Cole and Gardiner turned the paper over to the Mirror Company. Mathes had joined the firm, and it was at his insistence that the Times continued publication, in July 1882, Harrison Gray Otis moved from Santa Barbara to become the papers editor. Otis made the Times a financial success, in an era where newspapers were driven by party politics, the Times was directed at Republican readers. As was typical of newspapers of the time, the Times would sit on stories for several days, historian Kevin Starr wrote that Otis was a businessman capable of manipulating the entire apparatus of politics and public opinion for his own enrichment. Otiss editorial policy was based on civic boosterism, extolling the virtues of Los Angeles, the efforts of the Times to fight local unions led to the October 1,1910 bombing of its headquarters, killing twenty-one people. Two union leaders, James and Joseph McNamara, were charged, the American Federation of Labor hired noted trial attorney Clarence Darrow to represent the brothers, who eventually pleaded guilty. Upon Otiss death in 1917, his son-in-law, Harry Chandler, Harry Chandler was succeeded in 1944 by his son, Norman Chandler, who ran the paper during the rapid growth of post-war Los Angeles. Family members are buried at the Hollywood Forever Cemetery near Paramount Studios, the site also includes a memorial to the Times Building bombing victims. The fourth generation of family publishers, Otis Chandler, held that position from 1960 to 1980, Otis Chandler sought legitimacy and recognition for his familys paper, often forgotten in the power centers of the Northeastern United States due to its geographic and cultural distance. He sought to remake the paper in the model of the nations most respected newspapers, notably The New York Times, believing that the newsroom was the heartbeat of the business, Otis Chandler increased the size and pay of the reporting staff and expanded its national and international reporting. In 1962, the paper joined with the Washington Post to form the Los Angeles Times-Washington Post News Service to syndicate articles from both papers for news organizations. During the 1960s, the paper won four Pulitzer Prizes, more than its previous nine decades combined, eventually the coupon-clipping branches realized that they could make more money investing in something other than newspapers. Under their pressure the companies went public, or split apart, thats the pattern followed over more than a century by the Los Angeles Times under the Chandler family. The papers early history and subsequent transformation was chronicled in an unauthorized history Thinking Big and it has also been the whole or partial subject of nearly thirty dissertations in communications or social science in the past four decades. In 2000, the Tribune Company acquired the Times, placing the paper in co-ownership with then-WB -affiliated KTLA, which Tribune acquired in 1985
20.
The Beach Boys
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The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California in 1961. The groups original lineup consisted of brothers Brian, Dennis, and Carl Wilson, their cousin Mike Love, distinguished by their vocal harmonies and early surf songs, they are one of the most influential acts of the rock era. The Beach Boys began as a band managed by the Wilsons father Murry. Emerging at the vanguard of the California Sound, they performed material that reflected a southern California youth culture of surfing, cars. After 1964, they abandoned the surfing aesthetic for more personal lyrics, in 1966, the Pet Sounds album and Good Vibrations single vaulted the group to the top level of rock innovators and established the band as symbols of the nascent counterculture era. Following Smiles dissolution, Brian gradually ceded production and songwriting duties to the rest of the band, reducing his input because of mental health and substance abuse issues. The continued success of their greatest hits albums during the mid 1970s precipitated the transition into an oldies act. Since the 1980s, much-publicized legal wrangling over royalties, songwriting credits, Dennis drowned in 1983 and Carl died of lung cancer in 1998. After Carls death, many live configurations of the band fronted by Mike Love, Even though Wilson and Jardine have not performed with Love and Johnstons band since their one-off 2012 reunion tour, they remain a part of the Beach Boys corporation, Brother Records Inc. The Beach Boys are one of the most critically acclaimed, commercially successful, the group had over eighty songs chart worldwide, thirty-six of them US Top 40 hits, four reaching number-one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. They received their only Grammy Award for The Smile Sessions, the core quintet of the three Wilsons, Love and Jardine were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1988. At the time of his birthday on June 20,1958, Brian Wilson shared a bedroom with his brothers, Dennis and Carl – aged thirteen and eleven. He had watched his father, Murry Wilson, play piano, after dissecting songs such as Ivory Tower and Good News, Brian would teach family members how to sing the background harmonies. For his birthday that year, Brian received a tape recorder. He learned how to overdub, using his vocals and those of Carl, Brian played piano with Carl and David Marks, an eleven-year-old longtime neighbor, playing guitars they had each received as Christmas presents. Soon Brian and Carl were avidly listening to Johnny Otis KFOX radio show, inspired by the simple structure and vocals of the rhythm and blues songs he heard, Brian changed his piano-playing style and started writing songs. His enthusiasm interfered with his studies at school. Family gatherings brought the Wilsons in contact with cousin Mike Love, Brian taught Loves sister Maureen and a friend harmonies
21.
Fanfare (magazine)
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Fanfare is an American bimonthly magazine devoted to reviewing recorded music in all playback formats. It mainly covers classical music, but since inception, has featured a jazz column in every issue. Fanfare was founded on 1 September 1977 as a labor of love by a teacher turned editor named Joel Bruce Flegler. After 39 years, he is still the publisher and it avoids equipment and pop music coverage and manages to include reviews of many more classical releases than is typical for other magazines in this genre. Subscriptions include online access to current content and archives of past issues, fanfares editorial contributors have a range of expertise from the medieval to contemporary work. Describing itself as the magazine for record collectors, its reviews cover not only the quality of live performance. United States & Canada, Third edition, 1989-1990, edited by Curt Johnson, December Press, Highland Park, united States & Canada, Fourth edition, 1992-1993, edited by Curt Johnson, December Press, Highland Park, IL Official website Cornell University Library reference OCLC3386493
22.
Take Me Home (Cher song)
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Take Me Home is a song recorded by American singer and actress Cher for her 1979 fifteenth studio album of the same name. A disco song, it was conceived after Cher was recommended to venture into said genre, the lyrics center around the request of a woman to be taken home by her lover. It was released as the single from the Take Me Home album on January 1979 through Casablanca Records. Music critics gave positive reviews of Take Me Home, who highlighted its sound, the single fared well in the United States charts, peaking at number eight on the Billboard Hot 100 and entering three of its component charts. In Oceania, it entered the chart of New Zealand at number 49. It was also a hit in Canada, reaching the top-ten of the singles chart, in 2001, English singer Sophie Ellis-Bextor covered the song for her debut studio album Read My Lips. It served as her solo single after being signed by Polydor Records. Her version contains new lyrics and an instrumental, and elicited a mostly positive response from critics. However, Chers management was reportedly critical of this version and she was reluctant to take his advice, as she regarded disco as a superficial genre and did not believe it was serious music. However, she took his advice, and started working with Bob Esty, Esty was skeptical of Chers decision to record disco music, although he changed his mind after he began recording with her. The first song he played her was a demo of Take Me Home, running at a length of six minutes and forty-five seconds, Take Me Home is styled in the genre of disco. Its lyrics see Cher asking her partner to take her home, Take Me Home was released in the United States as a 12-inch single at a 33 ⅓ RPM by Casablanca Records, containing the original version of Take Me Home and B-side Wasnt It Good. Therefore, it served as the lead single. Promotional versions were sent to radio stations in the United States with a different coloring on the vinyl. In Germany and France, the vinyl was pressed by Philips and branded as a Super Single, UGO Networks K. Thor Jensen considered the sleeve to be her bad taste highwater mark, and named her outfit Flash Gordon-esque. In the United Kingdom, when Wasnt It Good was issued as a vinyl single, the staff of Billboard magazine picked it as a recommended disco single and wrote, is an upbeat, cleanly produced sound with a light, easy melody. Its sure to catch the ears of the disco set, a reviewer for AllMusic singled out the track from its parent album, feeling it was one of its track picks. Having spent in total 20 weeks on the US Billboard Hot 100, Take Me Home peaked at number eight and it also entered its component charts of Adult Contemporary, Hot Dance Club Play and Hot Soul Singles charts, respectively, at numbers 19, two and 21
23.
MTV
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MTV is an American cable and satellite television channel owned by Viacom Media Networks and headquartered in New York City. Launched on August 1,1981, the originally aired music videos as guided by television personalities known as video jockeys. In its early years, MTVs main target demographic was young adults and it has received criticism towards this change of focus, both by certain segments of its audience and musicians. MTVs influence on its audience, including issues involving censorship and social activism, has also been a subject of debate for several years, in recent years, MTV had struggled with the secular decline of music-related cable media. In April 2016, MTV announced it would start to return to its original music roots with the reintroduction of the classic MTV series MTV Unplugged. It was also reported that the series MTV Cribs would be making a return on Snapchat, MTV has spawned numerous sister channels in the US and affiliated channels internationally, some of which have gone independent. As of July 2015, approximately 92,188,000 US households have received MTV, several earlier concepts for music video-based television programming had been around since the early 1960s. The Beatles had used music videos to promote their records starting in the mid-1960s, CBS rejected the idea, but Williams premiered his own musical composition Classical Gas on the Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour, where he was head writer. The series featured clips from various popular artists, but was canceled by its distributor in 1971. The channel, which featured video disc jockeys, signed a deal with US Cable in 1978 to expand its audience from retail to cable television, the service was no longer active by the time MTV launched in 1981. The QUBE system offered many specialized channels, One of these specialized channels was Sight on Sound, a music channel that featured concert footage and music-oriented television programs. With the interactive QUBE service, viewers could vote for their favorite songs, the original programming format of MTV was created by media executive Robert W. Pittman, who later became president and chief executive officer of MTV Networks. Pittman had test-driven the music format by producing and hosting a 15-minute show, Album Tracks, the inspiration for PopClips came from a similar program on New Zealands TVNZ network named Radio with Pictures, which premiered in 1976. The concept itself had been in the works since 1966, when record companies began supplying the New Zealand Broadcasting Corporation with promotional music clips to play on the air at no charge. Few artists made the trip to New Zealand to appear live. A shortened version of the shuttle launch ID ran at the top of hour in various forms. The first music video shown on MTV was The Buggles Video Killed the Radio Star and this was followed by the video for Pat Benatars You Better Run. Sporadically, the screen would go black when an employee at MTV inserted a tape into a VCR, MTVs lower third graphics that appeared near the beginning and end of music videos would eventually use the recognizable Kabel typeface for about 25 years
24.
NBC
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The National Broadcasting Company is an American commercial broadcast television network that is the flagship property of NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast. The network is part of the Big Three television networks, founded in 1926 by the Radio Corporation of America, NBC is the oldest major broadcast network in the United States. Following the acquisition by GE, Bob Wright served as executive officer of NBC, remaining in that position until his retirement in 2007. In 2003, French media company Vivendi merged its entertainment assets with GE, Comcast purchased a controlling interest in the company in 2011, and acquired General Electrics remaining stake in 2013. Following the Comcast merger, Zucker left NBC Universal and was replaced as CEO by Comcast executive Steve Burke, during a period of early broadcast business consolidation, radio manufacturer Radio Corporation of America acquired New York City radio station WEAF from American Telephone & Telegraph. Westinghouse, a shareholder in RCA, had an outlet in Newark, New Jersey pioneer station WJZ. This station was transferred from Westinghouse to RCA in 1923, WEAF acted as a laboratory for AT&Ts manufacturing and supply outlet Western Electric, whose products included transmitters and antennas. The Bell System, AT&Ts telephone utility, was developing technologies to transmit voice- and music-grade audio over short and long distances, the 1922 creation of WEAF offered a research-and-development center for those activities. WEAF maintained a schedule of radio programs, including some of the first commercially sponsored programs. In an early example of chain or networking broadcasting, the station linked with Outlet Company-owned WJAR in Providence, Rhode Island, AT&T refused outside companies access to its high-quality phone lines. The early effort fared poorly, since the telegraph lines were susceptible to atmospheric. In 1925, AT&T decided that WEAF and its network were incompatible with the companys primary goal of providing a telephone service. AT&T offered to sell the station to RCA in a deal that included the right to lease AT&Ts phone lines for network transmission, the divisions ownership was split among RCA, its founding corporate parent General Electric and Westinghouse. NBC officially started broadcasting on November 15,1926, WEAF and WJZ, the flagships of the two earlier networks, were operated side-by-side for about a year as part of the new NBC. On April 5,1927, NBC expanded to the West Coast with the launch of the NBC Orange Network and this was followed by the debut of the NBC Gold Network, also known as the Pacific Gold Network, on October 18,1931. The Orange Network carried Red Network programming, and the Gold Network carried programming from the Blue Network, initially, the Orange Network recreated Eastern Red Network programming for West Coast stations at KPO in San Francisco. The Orange Network name was removed from use in 1936, at the same time, the Gold Network became part of the Blue Network. In the 1930s, NBC also developed a network for shortwave radio stations, in 1927, NBC moved its operations to 711 Fifth Avenue in Manhattan, occupying the upper floors of a building designed by architect Floyd Brown
25.
The Midnight Special (TV series)
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The Midnight Special was an American late-night musical variety series that aired on NBC during the 1970s and early 1980s, created and produced by Burt Sugarman. It premiered as a special on August 19,1972, then began its run as a series on February 2,1973. The 90-minute program followed the Friday night edition of The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson, wolfman Jack served as the announcer and frequent guest host. The programs theme song, a folk song called Midnight Special, was performed by Johnny Rivers. The Midnight Special was noted for featuring musical acts performing live, the series also occasionally aired vintage footage of older acts, such as Bill Haley & His Comets. As the program neared the end of its run in the early 1980s, the program also featured occasional performances of comedians such as Richard Pryor, Andy Kaufman, and George Carlin. In 1973, producer Sugarman pitched the program as a means for NBC to capitalize on The Tonight Shows large audience. At the time, none of the Big Three television networks had programming on after 1,00 a. m. as common practice was to sign-off after the final program, despite this lack of competition in the time-slot, NBC initially rejected the idea. The rejection led Sugarman to buy the air time for the premiere on his own as a brokered show and it premiered with ratings high enough for NBC to reconsider its decision, and the network subsequently bought the program. The program remained a part of NBCs late night lineup until 1981, the pilot for the series aired on August 19,1972. It was presented as a 90-minute special encouraging young people to vote in the upcoming Presidential election, several months later, on February 2,1973, it premiered as a weekly series. The Midnight Special original time slot was from 1, 00–2, when Johnny Carson cut his own show from 90 to 60 minutes, The Midnight Special was moved up to 12, 30am–2, 00am. In 1978, at the height of the craze, the set was changed to resemble a disco nightclub complete with a platform dance floor. Wolfman Jack stood behind an elevated DJ booth, by fall 1979, as the genres popularity waned, the disco set was gone. Some notable guest stars and hosts included, ELO had more appearances than any band with four. The show presented The 1980 Floor Show, the last performance of David Bowie as Ziggy Stardust and it was broadcast on November 16,1973, and was taped a month earlier from specially-commissioned performances at the Marquee Club in Soho, London. The series was canceled by NBC at the request of Dick Ebersol as part of a deal for him to take over then-ailing Saturday Night Live, in 2006, a DVD collection entitled Burt Sugarmans Midnight Special was made available by Guthy-Renker through television and radio infomercials. In 2014, an 11-DVD collection entitled The Midnight Special was released by Star-Vista through standard retail channels, list of late night network TV programs Notes Bibliography McNeil, Alexander M
26.
Phil Donahue
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Phillip John Phil Donahue is an American media personality, writer, and film producer best known as the creator and host of The Phil Donahue Show. The television program, also known as Donahue, was the first talk format that included audience participation. The show had a 29-year run on television in America that began in Dayton, Ohio. His shows have focused on issues that divide liberals and conservatives in the United States, such as abortion, consumer protection, civil rights. His most frequent guest was Ralph Nader, for whom Donahue campaigned in 2000, Donahue also briefly hosted a talk show on MSNBC from July 2002 to March 2003. In 1996, Donahue was ranked #42 on TV Guides 50 Greatest TV Stars of All Time, in 1949, he graduated from Our Lady of Angels elementary school in the West Park neighborhood of Cleveland. He graduated from the University of Notre Dame, which is run by the Congregation of Holy Cross. Donahue began his career in 1957 as an assistant at KYW radio. He got a chance to become a one day when the regular announcer failed to show up. After a brief stint as a bank check sorter in Albuquerque, New Mexico, he became director for WABJ radio in Adrian, Michigan. While in Dayton, Donahue also hosted Conversation Piece, an afternoon talk show from 1963 to 1967 on WHIO radio. In Dayton, Donahue interviewed presidential candidate John F. Kennedy, late night show host Johnny Carson, human rights activist Malcolm X. In Chicago and New York City, Donahue interviewed Elton John, heavyweight boxing champions Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier, on November 6,1967, Donahue left WHIO, moving his talk program to television with The Phil Donahue Show on WLW-D, also in Dayton. Initially, the program was only on other stations owned by the Crosley Broadcasting Corporation. But, in January 1970, The Phil Donahue Show entered nationwide syndication, in 1988, from the Rainbow Room, he presented a special honoring Mary Martin, with Steve Leeds and the Rainbow Room Orchestra, with guest vocalists Michael Feinstein, and Nancy Wilson. Bandleader Leeds sang the final number Isnt it Romantic. S, while hosting his own program, Donahue also appeared on NBCs The Today Show as a contributor, from 1979 until 1988. From 1991 to 1994 he also co-hosted Pozner/Donahue, a weekly, issues-oriented roundtable program with Soviet journalist Vladimir Pozner, which aired both on CNBC and in syndication. It was the first event of its kind in broadcasting history, Donahue hosted an audience in an American city while Pozner hosted an audience in a Soviet city, members of both audiences asked each other questions about both nations
27.
Outrageous (Cher album)
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Outrageous is the first remix album by American singer-actress Cher, released on August 1989 by PolyGram. It was released initially in North America, and released the subsequent years in some European countries, Outrageous was released in August 1989. The CD contains remixes of all songs from the original album Prisoner and these remixes sometimes, are combined with songs from Cher albums All I Really Want to Do, The Sonny Side of Chèr and Chér. This compilation most prominently features Chers 1965 hit debut single, All I Really Want to Do, the rest of the album features Chers overlooked and underrated hit singles from the 1960s. Among those overlooked hits are, Where Do You Go, Sunny, through the years these remixes have been re-released on various compilations, the titles differ from Holdin Out For Love to Lift Me Up, Sonny, Boys and Girls and many others. All I Really Want to Do –2,58 I Go to Sleep –2,41 Shoppin –5,50 Boys and Girls –3,40 See See Rider –3,01 Sunny -3,08 Prisoner –6,20 Holdin Out for Love –5,42 Holy Smoke. –5,50 Come and Stay With Me –2,48 Where Do You Go -3,16 Hell on Wheels –5,30 Mirror Image –5,30 Outrageous –5,15 Tracks 3,4,9,12,14 - Ricks Music Inc. Aller Easty Music MV Intersong GmbH Track 7 - Hudmar Publishing Co Inc, global MV Track 8 - Braintree Music Inc. Rondor MV Track 13 - Koppeiman-Bandier M. Jonathan Three M. Co EMI M. Publishing Germany GmbH J. Michel KG, Official Cher site Imperial Records Official Site Cher at the Internet Movie Database
28.
Harry Langdon
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Harry Philmore Langdon was an American comedian who appeared in vaudeville, silent films, and talkies. He was briefly partnered with Oliver Hardy, born in Council Bluffs, Iowa, Langdon began working in medicine shows and stock companies while in his teens. In 1906, he entered vaudeville with his first wife, Rose Langdon, by 1915, he had developed a sketch named Johnnys New Car, on which he did variations in the years that followed. In 1923, he joined Principal Pictures Corporation, a company headed by producer Sol Lesser and he eventually went to Keystone Studios, where he became a major star. At the height of his career, he was considered one of the four best comics of the silent film era. His screen character was that of a wide-eyed, childlike man with an understanding of the world. Most of Langdons 1920s work was produced at the famous Mack Sennett studio and his screen character was so unique and his antics so different from the broad Sennett slapstick that he soon had a following. Success led him into feature films, directed by Arthur Ripley, with such directors guiding him, Langdons work rivaled that of Charlie Chaplin, Harold Lloyd, and Buster Keaton. Many consider his best films to be The Strong Man, Tramp, Tramp, Tramp, Langdon acted as producer on these features, which were made for his own company, The Harry Langdon Corporation, and released by First National. After his initial success, he fired Frank Capra and directed his own films, including Threes a Crowd, The Chaser, and Heart Trouble and these films were more personal and idiosyncratic, and audiences of the period were not interested. Capra later claimed that Langdons decline stemmed from the fact that, unlike the great silent comics. On the other hand, a look at Langdons filmography shows that Capra directed only two of Langdons 30 silent comedies. The coming of sound, and the changes in cinema, also thwarted Langdons chances of evolving as a director. Langdons babyish character did not adapt well to films, as producer Hal Roach remarked. But Langdon was a big name to command leads in short subjects for Educational Pictures. In 1938, he adopted a Caspar Milquetoast-type, henpecked-husband character that served him well, Langdon continued to work steadily in low-budget features and shorts into the 1940s, playing mild-mannered goofs. Harry Langdon kept busy in pictures and completed his final Columbia short Pistol Packin Nitwits only weeks before his death of a hemorrhage on December 22,1944. All funeral arrangements were handled by onscreen cohort and friend Vernon Dent, Langdon was interred in the Grand View Memorial Park Cemetery at the West Mausoleum located to the left of the main entrance
29.
The Herald Journal
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It is owned by Pioneer News Group. As of early 2014, The Herald Journal had a circulation of about 16,215. The Herald Journals publisher is Mike Starn and its managing editor is Charles McCollum. Official website Google News Archive microfilm archive 1903-2008
30.
International Standard Book Number
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The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an e-book, a paperback and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, the method of assigning an ISBN is nation-based and varies from country to country, often depending on how large the publishing industry is within a country. The initial ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering created in 1966, the 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108. Occasionally, a book may appear without a printed ISBN if it is printed privately or the author does not follow the usual ISBN procedure, however, this can be rectified later. Another identifier, the International Standard Serial Number, identifies periodical publications such as magazines, the ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 in the United Kingdom by David Whitaker and in 1968 in the US by Emery Koltay. The 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108, the United Kingdom continued to use the 9-digit SBN code until 1974. The ISO on-line facility only refers back to 1978, an SBN may be converted to an ISBN by prefixing the digit 0. For example, the edition of Mr. J. G. Reeder Returns, published by Hodder in 1965, has SBN340013818 -340 indicating the publisher,01381 their serial number. This can be converted to ISBN 0-340-01381-8, the check digit does not need to be re-calculated, since 1 January 2007, ISBNs have contained 13 digits, a format that is compatible with Bookland European Article Number EAN-13s. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an ebook, a paperback, and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, a 13-digit ISBN can be separated into its parts, and when this is done it is customary to separate the parts with hyphens or spaces. Separating the parts of a 10-digit ISBN is also done with either hyphens or spaces, figuring out how to correctly separate a given ISBN number is complicated, because most of the parts do not use a fixed number of digits. ISBN issuance is country-specific, in that ISBNs are issued by the ISBN registration agency that is responsible for country or territory regardless of the publication language. Some ISBN registration agencies are based in national libraries or within ministries of culture, in other cases, the ISBN registration service is provided by organisations such as bibliographic data providers that are not government funded. In Canada, ISBNs are issued at no cost with the purpose of encouraging Canadian culture. In the United Kingdom, United States, and some countries, where the service is provided by non-government-funded organisations. Australia, ISBNs are issued by the library services agency Thorpe-Bowker
31.
Routledge
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Routledge is a British multinational publisher. The company publishes approximately 1,800 journals &5,000 new books each year, Routledge is claimed to be the largest global academic publisher within humanities and social sciences. Following the merger of Informa and T&F in 2004, Routledge become a publishing unit, the firm originated in 1836, when Camden bookseller George Routledge published an unsuccessful guidebook, The Beauties of Gilsand with his brother-in-law W H Warne as assistant. The company was restyled in 1858 as Routledge, Warne & Routledge when George Routledges son, Robert Warne Routledge, Frederick Warne eventually left the company after the death of his brother W. H. Warne in May 1859. Gaining rights to titles, he founded Frederick Warne & Co in 1865. In July 1865, his son Edmund Routledge became a partner, by 1902 the company was running close to bankruptcy. Following a successful restructuring, however, it was able to recover and began to acquire and merge with other publishing companies including J. C. In 1912 the company merged with Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co. the descendant of companies founded by Charles Kegan Paul, Alexander Chenevix Trench, Nicholas Trübner and it was soon particularly known for its titles in the social sciences. In 1985, Routledge & Kegan Paul joined with Associated Book Publishers, just two year later, Cinven and Routledges directors accepted a deal for Routledges acquisition by Taylor & Francis Group, with the Routledge name being retained as an imprint and subdivision. In 2004, T&F became a division within Informa plc after a merger, Routledge has grown considerably as a result of organic growth and acquisitions of other publishing companies and other publishers titles by its parent company. Humanities and social sciences acquired by T&F from other publishers are rebranded under the Routledge imprint. The famous English publisher Fredric Warburg was an editor at Routledge during the early 20th century. Novelist Nina Stibbe author of Love, Nina worked at the company as a Commissioning Editor in the 1990s, the republished works of these authors have appeared as part of the Routledge Classics and Routledge Great Minds series. Competitors to the series are Verso Books Radical Thinkers, Penguin Classics, Taylor and Francis closed down the Routledge print encyclopaedia division in 2006. Some of its publications were, Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy, by Edward Craig, in 10 volumes, Encyclopedia of Ethics, by Lawrence C. Reference Works by Europa Publications, published by Routledge, Europa World Year Book, many of Routledges reference works are published in print and electronic formats as Routledge Handbooks and have their own dedicated Web site, Routledge Handbooks Online. Records of Routledge & Kegan Paul - Correspondence files covering the period 1935 to 1990, as well as review files 1950s-1990s, Special Collections, archives of George Routledge & Company 1853-1902, Chadwyck-Healey Ltd,1973. 6 reels of microfilm and printed index, archives of Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner and Henry S. King 1858-1912, Chadwyck-Healey Ltd,1973
32.
The Blade (Toledo, Ohio)
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The Blade, also known as the Toledo Blade, is a daily newspaper in Toledo, Ohio, in the United States, first published on December 19,1835. The first issue of what was then the Toledo Blade was printed on December 19,1835 and it has been published daily since 1848 and is the oldest continuously run business in Toledo. David Ross Locke gained national fame for the paper during the Civil War era by writing under the pen name Petroleum V. Nasby, writing under the pen name, Locke wrote satires ranging on topics from slavery to the Civil War to temperance. President Abraham Lincoln was fond of the Nasby satires and sometimes quoted them, in 1867 Locke bought the Toledo Blade. The paper dropped Toledo from its masthead in 1960, in 2004 The Blade won the Pulitzer Prize for Investigative Reporting with a series of stories entitled Buried Secrets, Brutal Truths. The story brought to light the story of the Tiger Force, in 2006, The Blade was a finalist for a Pulitzer Prize, and winner of the National Headliner Award, for breaking the scandal in Ohio known as Coingate. As of 2015, the editor in chief is John Robinson Block and his family purchased the paper in 1926 and they also own the media conglomerate Block Communications, which owns cable systems, television stations, and an Internet service network, Buckeye Express. As of 2008 The Blade had the 83rd largest daily circulation in the United States. The Toledo Blade was named for the famed swordsmithing industry of the city of Toledo. Its motto, on the nameplate below the title, is One of Americas Great Newspapers. In 2007 Blade photojournalist Allan Detrich left the Blade when it was discovered that he had altered an photo that was published on the front page of the March 31,2007. A subsequent investigation revealed that he had altered and submitted 79 photos during the first 14 weeks of 2007,58 of which ran either in The Blade or on its website. Members of several unions worked without contracts from March to August 2006, over the course of August 2006, The Blade locked out over 25% of all of its employees. The strike and lockout ended in May 2007, in May 2014, Block Communications announced plans to close The Blades production facility, including the printing presses, located in the downtown headquarters building. In October 2011, The Blade filed a lawsuit against rival publication the Toledo Free Press, claiming that former Blade general manager, pounds violated a 2004 separation agreement containing a non-compete clause. Official website Block Communications Story on Labor Disputes
33.
Cher albums discography
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American entertainer Cher has released 25 studio albums, nine compilation albums, three soundtrack albums, and one live album. In 1964 Cher signed a contract with Imperial Records, a label owned by Liberty Records. After the success of her first major single, Bob Dylans All I Really Want to Do she, the album peaked at number sixteen on the Billboard 200 and at number seven on the UK Albums Chart. After the massive success of I Got You Babe the record label encouraged her to record the second album, the record peaked within the top 30 in several countries. Chér and With Love, Chér were less successful on the music charts, backstage and her first official compilation album Chers Golden Greats her last efforts with Imperial were critically and commercially unsuccessful. Cher entered the 1970s with the release of the album Gypsys, Tramps & Thieves, next year she followed it with her less successful eighth studio album Foxy Lady. In 1973 she released two records, Bittersweet White Light and Half-Breed her second album in the United States. Dark Lady was released as her studio album in 1974 and was less successful on the music charts. After the separation with Sonny she signed a new $2.5 million recording contract and business deal with Warner Bros. From 1975 to 1977 she released a string of critic and commercial failures, Stars, Id Rather Believe in You, Cherished, in 1979 she signed with Casablanca Records and released her fifteenth album, Take Me Home, which was certified gold in the United States. Prisoner was less successful than its predecessor, in the beginning of the 1980s, Cher formed a band called the Black Rose and released their first album Black Rose which was later re-released in Germany as Chers solo album. In 1982 Columbia Records released the album I Paralyze, with decreasing album sales, in 1987 Cher signed with Geffen Records and released her first album in five years, Cher proved to be successful on the music charts and was certified platinum by the RIAA. In 1991 Cher released her studio album Love Hurts, it became her first number-one in the United Kingdom. However, it was successful in North America. In 1995 she signed with Warner Bros. which became her record company. The first release with Warner was her twenty-first studio album Its a Mans World which was successful than its predecessors. Her twenty-second studio album Believe released at the end of 1998 was heralded as her album and became her best-selling studio album ever. 1999s compilation The Greatest Hits released outside the United States became an international chart-topper, Cher entered the 2000s with the release of the independent album not. com. mercial exclusively through her official website
34.
Cher singles discography
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American entertainer Cher has released seventy-nine official singles, fifteen promotional singles and appeared in eleven other songs. Cher is the female artist with the most Billboard Hot 100 charted singles. Cher has had a total of 15 number one hits and a total of 33 top ten hits on all Billboard charts combined. Chers career as a recording artist spans six decades and is the only artist to have a single on a Billboard chart in each of those past six decades. This feat was accomplished when You Havent Seen the Last of Me reached number one on the Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart the week of January 19,2011, in the UK, she is the only female artist to have a top 40 hit in six consecutive decades. She has had a total of 34 top 40 hits, beginning with All I Really Want to Do in 1965 through I Hope You Find It in 2013. Notes, A ^ Mama did not enter the Billboard Hot 100, B ^ For What Its Worth did not enter the Billboard Hot 100 but entered the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart at number twenty-five. Did not enter the Billboard Hot 100 but entered the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart at number eleven, D ^ The I Got You Babe duet with Beavis and Butt-head did not enter the Billboard Hot 100 but entered the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart at number eight. E ^ Womans World did not enter the Billboard Hot 100 but entered the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart at number twenty five. S
35.
Cher filmography
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Throughout her acting career, Cher has mainly in comedy, drama, and romance films. She has appeared in thirteen films, including two as a cameo, Cher has starred in various international television commercials, as well as high-profile print advertising for Lori Davis. Before she started her career, she had a couple of hits in the 1960s, as a solo artist. Her first appearance as an actress was in 1967 in the American television series The Man from U. N. C. L. E. as the model Ramona. That same year, she started her career with Sonny Bono in the poorly received-film Good Times. Since then she has starred in independent and Hollywood motion pictures. She made her Broadway debut in Robert Altmans Come Back to the Five and Dime, Jimmy Dean and it was a commercial success and grossed $35 million in the United States alone. Cher then appeared in the drama Mask directed by Peter Bogdanovich and with Eric Stoltz, Sam Elliott, the film is based on the life and early death of Roy L. Rocky Dennis, a boy who suffered from craniodiaphyseal dysplasia. The film was considered her first critical and commercial success as a leading actress, for her role as a mother of a severely disfigured boy, Cher won the Best Actress prize at the Cannes Film Festival. In 1987, she starred in three films, the thriller Suspect, with Dennis Quaid and Liam Neeson, the film has been credited for the quality of acting despite the severe loopholes of the story. In particular, Cher, in the role, has received positive reviews. The fantasy film The Witches of Eastwick, with Jack Nicholson, Susan Sarandon and Michelle Pfeiffer, Moonstruck is also her most commercial success to date, grossing over $80 million in the United States alone. The film was a modest success with only $35 million in USA, Cher made cameo appearances in the Robert Altman films The Player and Prêt-à-Porter. She starred in the poorly received film Faithful with Ryan ONeal and Chazz Palminteri, then, later in 1999, Cher co-starred in the well-received Franco Zeffirelli film Tea With Mussolini with Judi Dench, Maggie Smith, Joan Plowright and Lily Tomlin. She had an appearance in the Farrelly Brothers comedy Stuck on You with Matt Damon. She plays herself and Honey, a character of a TV series and she also spoofed her own image, appearing in bed with a high school boyfriend. Cher has also contributed music to films, like Alfie, After All The Shoop Shoop Song, Cher has received many awards and nominations for her work in films. She was also nominated twice for the Academy Award, in 1984 for her role in Silkwood, and in 1987, when she won the Best Actress award for her role in Moonstruck
36.
All I Really Want to Do (album)
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All I Really Want to Do is the debut solo studio album by American singer-actress Cher and was released on October 16,1965 by Imperial Records. The album was produced for Cher by her husband and singing partner, Sonny Bono. The album is by-and-large a collection of cover versions but does contain three songs written by Bono, upon its release, the album was well received by critics and garnered positive reviews. At the same time that the duo Sonny & Cher were debuting on Atco Records, after the success of Sonny & Chers I Got You Babe single, Bono decided to promote his wife as a solo act, producing her first full-length album himself. All I Really Want to Do, like the album by Sonny & Cher, Look at Us. The album includes recordings of contemporary, uptempo rock songs, but it also has a somewhat folky slant to it, in order to differentiate it from the musical style of Sonny & Chers records. On the album, Cher covered three songs written and performed by Bob Dylan, All I Really Want to Do, Blowin in the Wind and Dont Think Twice, Its All Right. The album contains the Bono-penned Needles and Pins, which was a hit for the British band, The Searchers, other covers on the album are She Thinks I Still Care, The Bells of Rhymney and Come and Stay With Me. The song was included on the 1967 Sonny & Cher soundtrack album. All I Really Want to Do has received reviews from music critics, with Tim Sendra, of the Allmusic website. Sendra went on to note that Cher isnt the most subtle singer, in 1992, All I Really Want to Do and Chers follow-up solo album, The Sonny Side of Chér, were reissued on one CD by EMI Records. Later, in 1995, EMI released a collection titled The Originals, the album was again reissued on one CD with The Sonny Side of Chér by BGO Records in 2005 in the UK only. The original twelve track All I Really Want to Do album has never issued on Compact Disc on its own. All I Really Want to Do was a success on the Billboard 200 album chart, the album entered the chart while the debut album by Sonny & Cher, Look at Us, was still at #2. The album also entered the UK Albums Chart, debuting at #20 in early October 1965, the album remained in the UK chart for nine weeks between early October and late November. Although All I Really Want to Do reached the UK Album Chart, the song All I Really Want to Do was the only single to be taken from the album and reached #15 on the Billboard Hot 100 and #9 on the UK singles chart. The song also entered the Canadian, Dutch and Swedish single charts, All I Really Want to Do was the first single to be released by Cher under that name and was also her first solo hit. The album also contained the Bono-penned song, Dream Baby, which had released as a single in 1964 by Cher, under the pseudonym of Cherylin
