Henry Bartle Frere
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Sir Henry Bartle Edward Frere, 1st Baronet, was a British colonial administrator. He had a successful career in India, rising to become Governor of Bombay (1862–1867). However, as High Commissioner for Southern Africa (1877–1880), he implemented a set of policies which attempted to impose a British confederation on the region and which led to the overthrow of the Cape Colony's first elected government in 1878 and to a string of regional wars, culminating in the invasion of Zululand (1879) and the First Boer War (1880–1881). The British Prime Minister, Gladstone, recalled Frere to London to face charges of misconduct; Whitehall officially censured Frere for acting recklessly.
Henry Bartle Frere, by 'Spy' in Vanity Fair, 1873
Southern Africa in 1878, on the eve of the confederation wars, Cape Colony Transvaal Orange Free State
Pro-imperialist cartoon showing Sir Bartle Frere vanquishing the "negrophilist" liberals of the Cape government, represented by MP Saul Solomon.
John Charles Molteno
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Sir John Charles Molteno was a politician and businessman who served as the first Prime Minister of the Cape Colony from 1872 to 1878.
