William Henry Fox Talbot FRS FRSE FRAS was an English scientist and photography pioneer who invented the salted paper and calotype processes, precursors to photographic processes of the 19th and 20th centuries. His work, in the 1840s on photomechanical reproduction, led to the creation of the photoglyphic engraving process, the precursor to photogravure, he was the holder of a controversial patent that affected the early development of commercial photography in Britain. He was a noted photographer who contributed to the development of photography as an artistic medium, he published The Pencil of Nature, illustrated with original salted paper prints from his calotype negatives, made some important early photographs of Oxford, Paris and York. A polymath, Talbot was elected to the Royal Society in 1831 for his work on the integral calculus, researched in optics, chemistry and other subjects such as etymology and ancient history. Talbot was the only child of William Davenport Talbot, of Lacock Abbey, near Chippenham, of Lady Elisabeth Fox Strangways, daughter of the 2nd Earl of Ilchester.
His governess was Agnes Porter who had educated his mother. Talbot was educated at Rottingdean, Harrow School and at Trinity College, where he was awarded the Porson Prize in Classics in 1820, graduated as twelfth wrangler in 1821. From 1822 to 1872, he communicated papers to the Royal Society, many of them on mathematical subjects. At an early period, he began optical researches, which bore fruit in connection with photography. To the Edinburgh Philosophical Journal in 1826 he contributed a paper on "Some Experiments on Coloured Flame". Talbot invented a process for creating reasonably light-fast and permanent photographs, the first made available to the public. Shortly after Louis Daguerre's invention of the daguerreotype was announced in early January 1839, without details, Talbot asserted priority of invention based on experiments he had begun in early 1834. At a meeting of the Royal Institution on 25 January 1839, Talbot exhibited several paper photographs he had made in 1835. Within a fortnight, he communicated the general nature of his process to the Royal Society, followed by more complete details a few weeks later.
Daguerre did not publicly reveal any useful details until mid-August, although by the spring it had become clear that his process and Talbot's were different. Talbot's early "salted paper" or "photogenic drawing" process used writing paper bathed in a weak solution of ordinary table salt, dried brushed on one side with a strong solution of silver nitrate, which created a tenacious coating of light-sensitive silver chloride that darkened where it was exposed to light. Whether used to create shadow image photograms by placing objects on it and setting it out in the sunlight, or to capture the dim images formed by a lens in a camera, it was a "printing out" process, meaning that the exposure had to continue until the desired degree of darkening had been produced. In the case of camera images, that could require an exposure of an hour or two if something more than a silhouette of objects against a bright sky was wanted. Earlier experimenters such as Thomas Wedgwood and Nicéphore Niépce had captured shadows and camera images with silver salts years before, but they could find no way to prevent their photographs from fatally darkening all over when exposed to daylight.
Talbot devised several ways of chemically stabilizing his results, making them sufficiently insensitive to further exposure that direct sunlight could be used to print the negative image produced in the camera onto another sheet of salted paper, creating a positive. The "calotype", or "talbotype", was a "developing out" process, Talbot's improvement of his earlier photogenic drawing process by the use of a different silver salt and a developing agent to bring out an invisibly slight "latent" image on the exposed paper; this reduced the required exposure time in the camera to only a minute or two for subjects in bright sunlight. The translucent calotype negative made it possible to produce as many positive prints as desired by simple contact printing, whereas the daguerreotype was an opaque direct positive that could be reproduced only by being copied with a camera. On the other hand, the calotype, despite waxing of the negative to make the image clearer, still was not pin-sharp like the metallic daguerreotype, because the paper fibres blurred the printed image.
The simpler salted paper process was used when making prints from calotype negatives. Talbot announced his calotype process in 1841, in August he licensed Henry Collen, the miniature painter, as the first professional calotypist; the most celebrated practitioners of the process were Adamson. Another notable calotypist was Levett Landon Boscawen Ibbetson. In 1842, Talbot received the Rumford Medal of the Royal Society for his photographic discoveries. In 1852, Talbot discovered that gelatine treated with potassium dichromate, a sensitiser introduced by Mungo Ponton in 1839, is made less soluble by exposure to light; this provided the basis for the important carbon printing process and related technologies. Dichromated gelatine is still used for some laser holography. Talbot's photographic work was concentrated on photomechanical reproduction methods. In addition to making the mass reproduction of pho
Pryg-skok: detskie pesenki is the first studio album by the Soviet psychedelic rock band Egor i Opizdenevshie, released in 1992 on Zolotaja Dolina. In 1990, after Grazhdanskaya Oborona broke up, Egor Letov began to take walks among the forests and rocks of the Urals. On one of these, he was bitten by contracted encephalitis, he had a high fever, was forced to stay in bed and to shave his head. To pass the time, he started watching football matches on TV and became a fan of the Cameroon national football team, who he dedicated the album to, alongside his longtime friend Eugene Lischenko, who had died around that time; the song "Pro durachka" was intended to have a full electric guitar and drum backing, but it was not possible, so Egor recorded the song using a 4-track. It was an a cappella version of the song with four vocal parts; the song would be revisited on Grazhdanskaya Oborona's comeback album Lunnyi perevorot in 1997, as Letov intended. The album was distributed to Grazhdanskaya Oborona fans and Letov's friends on reel-to-reel and traded cassettes.
It was given its first proper release in 1992 on Zolotaja Dolina, who released it on vinyl and licensed it to BSA Records for release on CD. It was re-released in 1999 on CD and cassette as part of Grazhdanskaya Oborona's record deal with Moroz Records, again in 2005 on Misteriya Zvuka, it was reissued again in 2014 on Wyrgorod. Mirumir reissued the album on vinyl in the first vinyl release of the album in 22 years. In 2005, Pryg-skok was remastered and reissued in 2007 with outtakes from the Sto let odinochestva sessions as bonus tracks; the original vinyl and CD issues on Zolotaja Dolina and BSA included a cover of "Krasnyi smekh" by Instruktsiya po Vyzhivaniyu, but it was left off the 2007 remaster and was included on the 2013 vinyl reissue of Grazhdanskaya Oborona's 1990 album Instruktsiya po vyzhivaniyu. The album was reissued on vinyl based on the track listing of the 2005 reissue. All tracks are written by Egor Letov except track 5 by Roman Neumoev. All tracks are written by Egor Letov except tracks 5 and 10 by Roman Neumoev.
All tracks are written by Egor Letov except tracks 8 by Roman Neumoev. All tracks are written by Egor Letov. Pryg-skok at Discogs
The Second Battle of Solskjell was an engagement in Harald Fairhair's conquest of Norway. After the First Battle of Solskjell, Solve Klove, son of King Huntiof, King of Nordmøre set himself up as a pirate and spent that winter raiding and plundering King Harald's men and possessions on the Møre coast. King Harald. Solve had spent time at the court of King Arnvid of Sunnmøre and they had gathered together a large group of people, dispossessed by Harald's conquest; the following summer Harald again sailed south. On hearing news of Harald's intentions' Solve traveled to King Audbjorn in Fjordane and convinced him to join forces against Harald; the force sailed north to meet Harald by Solskjell. Here both kings Arnvid and Audbjorn fell. Heimskringla tells that Harald's men and Asbjorn as well as Grjotgard and Herlaug, the sons of earl Håkon Grjotgardsson, were all killed in battle. Solve subsequently resumed his pirate raids and caused much trouble to Harald in several years after. King Harald made Ragnvald Eysteinsson the Mørejarl.
First battle of Snorri. Heimskringla: History of the Kings of Norway, translated Lee M. Hollander. Reprinted University of Texas Press, Austin, 1992. ISBN 0-292-73061-6 Finlay, Alison Fagrskinna, a Catalogue of the Kings of Norway ISBN 90-04-13172-8 Hermannsson, Halldór Bibliography of the sagas of the kings of Norway ISBN 978-1113624611 Jones, Gwyn A History of the Vikings ISBN 0-19-285139-X. Krag, Claus Norges historie fram til 1319 ISBN 978-8200129387
Stump Pass Beach State Park is a Florida State Park, made up of three islands and the protected channels between them. It is located in Englewood. There is a $3.00 per vehicle entrance fee. Florida state parks are sundown every day of the year. At the southwest corner of Charlotte County, there is a mile of beach where seashells and shark teeth wash up, anglers fish the surf for prize catches. Visitors can enjoy an excellent view of the Gulf of Mexico, as well as a stretch of undeveloped Florida coastline. Visitors come to this secluded beach to enjoy the year-round sunbathing. A hiking trail passes through five distinct natural communities that provide homes for many species of wildlife. While at the park, visitors might see West Indian manatees, gopher tortoises, snowy egrets, least terns, magnificent frigatebirds. Ranger-led turtle walks and nature hikes are available in the winter. Located at the south end of Manasota Key off I-75, exit 191. Media related to Stump Pass Beach State Park at Wikimedia Commons Stump Pass Beach State Park at Florida State Parks Stump Pass Beach State Park at State Parks Stump Pass Beach State Park at Wildernet Enjoy-Englewood-Florida.com - Stump Pass Beach
Perkiomen Valley Airport is a owned, public use airport located two nautical miles northeast of the central business district of Collegeville, a borough in Montgomery County, United States. The airport was opened on March 1, 1938, it was included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2009–2013, which categorized it as a general aviation facility. Perkiomen Valley Airport covers an area of 60 acres at an elevation of 277 feet above mean sea level, it has one runway designated 9/27 with an asphalt surface measuring 2,880 by 40 feet. Valley Forge Aviation is a fixed-base operator located on the field. For the 12-month period ending March 15, 2012, the airport had 10,520 aircraft operations, an average of 28 per day: 99.8% general aviation and 0.2% military. At that time there were 22 aircraft based at this airport: 9 % multi-engine. Perkiomen Valley Airport Perkiomen Valley Airport at PennDOT Bureau of Aviation Aerial photo as of April 1999 from USGS The National Map via MSR Maps FAA Terminal Procedures for N10, effective February 27, 2020 Resources for this airport: FAA airport information for N10 AirNav airport information for N10 FlightAware airport information and live flight tracker SkyVector aeronautical chart for N10
Emil Ziehl was a German engineer and entrepreneur. He grew up with five other siblings in his father's blacksmith's and cart workshop in Brandenburg, was supposed to start an apprenticeship in the family business. Due to the drawing talent shown by the young Ziehl, his teacher convinced Ziehl's father to send him to the Rackow Drawing School, he continued his studies at the technical university in Brandenburg. Following his professor's recommendation, he started working at AEG as an engineer. In the development of electro-motors, he pioneered in the testing of generators. In 1897, he began at Berliner Maschinenbau AG, where he developed the first rotor powered by electricity with cardanic suspension and with that the first external rotor motor; the German patent was given in 1904, with the US-patent granted on 27 November 1900. With the Swedish investor Eduard Abegg he founded in early 1910 the company Ziehl-Abegg. Ziehl had big expectations for Abegg, to develop wind turbines. After the company's logo was made public, Abegg failed to bring the promised funds.
The introduced patent for the wind motors turned out to be unsuitable. Abegg left the company two months later. Ziehl had two sons; the eldest son, Günther Ziehl, was born on 5 September 1913 and the youngest, Heinz, in 1917. Günther Ziehl began his studies in 1935 at the Technical University in Berlin-Charlottenburg and led his father's company; the Schöntal community in Baden-Württemberg acknowledged the work of Ziehl in 2015 naming a street after him. The street is located in a locality of Schöntal where Ziehl-Abegg has a production plant; the street sign was presented on the occasion of the 50-year celebration of production work at Schöntal-Bieringen. The mayor, Patrizia Filz, presented this sign to the grandson of Uwe Ziehl. Official website