Henry Hugh Arthur FitzRoy Somerset, 10th Duke of Beaufort, KG, GCVO, GCC, PC, of Badminton House in Gloucestershire, styled Marquess of Worcester until 1924, was a peer, society figure and a great authority in the fields of horse racing and fox-hunting. As a relative and close friend of the Royal Family, he held the office of Master of the Horse for 42 years, longer than anybody else, he founded the Badminton Horse Trials and was deemed "the greatest fox-hunter of the twentieth century". In 1980 he published the authoritative book "Fox-Hunting", he was the youngest child and only son and heir of Henry Somerset, 9th Duke of Beaufort by his wife Louise Emily Harford, a daughter of William Henry Harford, JP, DL, of Oldtown, Tockington and widow of Charles Frederic van Tuyll van Serooskerken, a Dutch baron, by whom she had two sons. He was descended in the male line from Charles Somerset, 1st Earl of Worcester, 1st Baron Herbert, KG, an illegitimate son of Henry Beaufort, 3rd Duke of Somerset, 3rd in descent from John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster by his mistress Katherine Swynford.

Charles was given the surname "Somerset" and was created Baron Herbert in 1506 and Earl of Worcester in 1513. The present Dukes of Beaufort are thus the last known surviving male-line descendants of King Henry II of England, Count of Anjou, founder of the Plantagenet dynasty, of which King Richard III was the last ruling member in the male line; the present Queen is descended from King Henry II only through various female lines, all of them however legitimate. The surname Beaufort reflects the fact that Katherine Swynford gave birth to her illegitimate children by John of Gaunt at his French castle and manor of Beaufort in Champagne, situated 100 miles east of Paris, he was educated at Eton College and the Royal Military College, from which he was commissioned into the Royal Horse Guards. Beaufort left the Army after a few years with the rank of lieutenant, he was Honorary Colonel of the 21st Armoured Car Company, Territorial Army between 1969 and 1971 and Honorary Colonel of the Royal Wessex Yeomanry between 1971 and 1984, the Warwickshire Yeomanry between 1971 and 1972.

After the International Horse Show of 1933 was abandoned, a new committee headed by the young Beaufort succeeded in re-establishing the event at Olympia in 1934. Beaufort was Master of the Horse to three British sovereigns, Edward VIII, George VI, Elizabeth II; as such he took part in royal functions, such as the 1947 wedding of Princess Elizabeth and Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. He was appointed a Knight Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order in 1930, a Privy Counsellor in 1936, a Knight of the Order of the Garter in 1937 and was awarded the decoration of the Royal Victorian Chain in 1953. In 1955, Francisco Craveiro Lopes, President of the Portuguese Republic, awarded him the Grand Cross of the Order of Christ, he was Steward of Tewkesbury between 1948 and 1984, Hereditary Keeper of Raglan Castle, Lord Lieutenant of Bristol from 1931 to 1974 and Lord High Steward of Bristol and Gloucestershire. He held the office of Lord Lieutenant of Gloucestershire between 1931 and 1984 and was Chancellor of the University of Bristol from 1965 to 1970.

Other offices held included President of the MCC, Bristol Rovers F. C. the British Olympic Association, the Battersea Dogs Home, the Anchor Society in Bristol in 1969. He authored the following works: "Fox-Hunting", published in 1980, an authoritative and comprehensive work on that subject with chapters titled: How my fox-hunting life began. "Memoirs", which he wrote in 1981, discussing his family history, the story of Badminton House, his royal duties, the development of fox-hunting. At one point he bluntly declares that "obviously, the hunting of the fox has been my chief concern". On 14 June 1923, Somerset styled Marquess of Worcester, married Lady Victoria Constance Mary Cambridge, a daughter of Adolphus Cambridge, 1st Marquess of Cambridge, a German prince whose mother was a granddaughter of King George III of the United Kingdom; the marriage was without issue. Victoria had been born with the title Princess Mary of Teck. All the king's British-domiciled German relatives relinquished their German titles and styles, were granted new British titles.

Mary's father was created Marquess of Cambridge, she became known as Lady Mary Cambridge until her marriage. Mary's paternal aunt was Queen Mary, wife of George V, thus among her first cousins were King Edward VIII and King George VI; the Dukes of Beaufort were among the closest friends of the Royal Family. Queen Mary lived at Badminton during World War II.

In signal processing, the multidimensional empirical mode decomposition is the extension of the 1-D EMD algorithm into multiple-dimensional signal. The Hilbert–Huang empirical mode decomposition process decomposes a signal into intrinsic mode functions combined with the Hilbert spectral analysis known as Hilbert–Huang transform; the multidimensional EMD extends the 1-D EMD algorithm into multiple-dimensional signals. This decomposition can be applied to image processing, audio signal processing and various other multidimensional signals. Multidimensional empirical mode decomposition is a popular method because of its applications in many fields, such as texture analysis, financial applications, image processing, ocean engineering, seismic research and so on. Several methods of Empirical Mode Decomposition have been used to analyze characterization of multidimensional signals. In this article, we will introduce the basics of Multidimensional Empirical Mode Decomposition, look into various approaches used for Multidimensional Empirical Mode Decomposition.

The "empirical mode decomposition" method can extract global structure and deal with fractal-like signals. The EMD method was developed so that the data can be examined in an adaptive time–frequency–amplitude space for nonlinear and non-stationary signals; the EMD method decomposes the input signal into a residue. The given equation will be as follows: I = ∑ m = 1 M IMF m ⁡ + Res M ⁡ where I is the multi-component signal. IMF m ⁡ is the M th intrinsic mode function, Res M ⁡ represents residue corresponding to M intrinsic modes. To improve the accuracy of measurements, the ensemble mean is a powerful approach, where data are collected by separate observations, each of which contains different noise over an ensemble of universe's. To generalize this ensemble idea, noise is introduced to the single data set, x, as if separate observations were indeed being made as an analogue to a physical experiment that could be repeated many times; the added white noise is treated as the possible random noise that would be encountered in the measurement process.

Under such conditions, the i th ‘artificial’ observation will be x i = x + w i In the case of only one observation, one of the multiple-observation ensembles is mimicked by adding not arbitrary but different copies of white noise, wi, to that single observation as given in the equation. Although adding noise may result in smaller signal to-noise ratio, the added white noise will provide a uniform reference scale distribution to facilitate EMD. Based on this argument, an additional step is taken by arguing that adding white noise may help to extract the true signals in the data, a method, termed Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition The EEMD consists of the following steps: Adding a white noise series to the original data. Decomposing the data with added white noise into oscillatory components. Repeating step 1 and step 2 again and again, but with different white noise series added each time. Obtaining the means of the corresponding intrinsic mode functions of the decomposition as the final result.

In these steps, EEMD uses two properties of white noise: The added white noise leads to even distribution of extrema distribution on all timescales. The dyadic filter bank property provides a control on the periods of oscillations contained in an oscillatory component reducing the chance of scale mixing in a component. Through ensemble average, the added noise is averaged out, it should be pointed out here that the “pseudo-BEMD” method is not limited to only one-spatial dimension. Since the spatial structure is determined by timescales of the variability of a physical quantity at each location and the decomposition is based on the characteristics of individual time series at each spatial location, there is no assumption of spatial coherent structures of this physical quantity; when a coherent spatial structure emerges, it reflects better the physical processes that drive the evolution of the physical quantity on the timescale of each component. Therefore, we expect this method to have significant applications in spatial-temporal data analysis.

To design a pseudo-BEMD algorithm the key step is to translate the algorithm of the 1D EMD into a Bi-dimensional Empirical Mode Decomposition and further extend the algorithm to three or more dimensions, similar to the BEMD by extending the procedure on successive dimensions. For a 3D data cube of i × j × k elements, the pseudo-BEMD will yield detailed 3D components of m × n × q where m, n and q are the number of the IMFs decomposed from each dimension having i, j, k el

Shaqlawa is a historic city and a Hill station in the Erbil Governorate in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Shaqlawa, a city of 25,500 people, lies 51 km to the northeast of Erbil, at the bottom of Safeen Mountain. Shaqlawa is situated between Safeen Mountain and Sork Mountain, sits 1066 m above sea level; the town is inhabited by Kurds, with a small Assyrian minority. Shaqlawa has a large quantity of waterfalls, a great growing of greenery. There is no mention of the town before the 12th century, it is referred to by Arab historians as Shaqlabad, Shaqabad, Shaqli. The town lies at the foot of Mountain Safeen, covered by vast and dense forests, in a fertile and vast valley 50 km north of the Governorate of Erbil. To the east and north is the Sorek mountain. Shaqlawa has a Mediterranean climate with hot summers and cold, wet winters. Subfreezing highs are common in the winter, which would present frost. Snowfall is not uncommon. Due to its cooler summer weather, Shaqlawa is visited annually by thousands of tourists from other, hotter parts of Iraq.

Shaqlawa's citizens are Muslims and Christians, where both have been living together for more than a decade. Shaqlawa is known for the grave of St. Boya, on the top of Shaqlawa's mountain. Assyrians from several Kurdish regions visit St. Boya's grave and enjoy Shaqlawa's beautiful weather. Established in 1965, Virgin Mary Church is an Assyrian church in the city. Shaqlawa attracts the tourists due to its nature; the city has many public constructions, such as a kindergarten, a club for retirees, a guest house, Ishtar Local Centre, a large playground and a church office. One of the best facility in Shaqlawa is tourism, Hiran is 23 kilometres away from Shaqlawa. Hiran has many visitors from various kinds of religions because it has beautiful weather and it contains food shops, souvenirs shops and the nuts shops

Séptimo día is a Colombian television newsmagazine broadcast by Caracol TV on Sunday evenings. It proclaims itself as "a weapon against injustice". Séptimo día first aired in 1996 on Canal Uno. At the time it was presented by its creator, Manuel Teodoro, Adriana Vargas; the show was successful, but had to face a number of lawsuits, the reason Caracol TV pulled it off the air in 2000. Caracol TV won all the legal suits. A new season of Séptimo día started on 10 June 2007, presented by Silvia Corzo. Since 1 May 2011, María Lucía Fernández co-hosts the programme with Teodoro. In the Miami, Florida market, Séptimo día is broadcast by WGEN-TV on Sunday nights; the format is somewhat similar to CBS 60 Minutes, featuring three long-form news stories. Séptimo día undertakes its own investigations; some episodes feature two stories. One of the stories deals with controversial issues, such as euthanasia, organ donations or the Colombian armed conflict; as its American counterpart, many stories focus on allegations of wrongdoing and corruption, but instead of focusing politicians or corporations, Séptimo día deals with companies, businesses or persons who practice scams and who are denounced by the viewers.

They are either subjected to an interview, or try to evade contact with the Séptimo día crew altogether, either by written notice or by fleeing from the approaching journalist and their camera crew. The third story is a more light-hearted report or a profile. On the episode broadcast 2 March 2008, Séptimo día denounced a corruption case at the Colombian Institute of Family Welfare, involving an employee, asking for money in order to speed adoption processes up; the next week, Elvira Forero, director of ICBF, sent a letter to Paulo Laserna Phillips, CEO of Caracol TV, stating that the corruption case was presented in a "sensationalist" way. Ms Forero added that the case was under investigation and that Séptimo día had broken a law forbidding media to broadcast or publish names and data "which identify or could lead to the identification of children and teenagers." On 25 April 2008, the involved employee was captured and released because an error in the arrest procedure. On the 9 March 2008 episode, Séptimo día broadcast a special report by Teodoro about the situation of Colombian immigrants in Spain, victims of xenophobia.

Teodoro interviewed a fellow journalist, living in Spain, beaten and kicked by Spaniard youngsters. The next day, the journalist called W Radio to denounce that Teodoro stated, by using the voice-over technique, in the episode broadcast the night before —which he watched on Caracol TV Internacional— that he received intensive care and suffered several fractures, according to him, was not true, he called Teodoro a "liar" and a "sensationalist." In an article on this incident for a magazine, veteran journalist Gustavo Castro Caycedo criticizes Teodoro and quotes Jorge Enrique Botero, who had questioned in 1999 the use of the hidden camera technique in Séptimo día's season 1. A Bogotá local prosecutor prevented Caracol TV to broadcast an episode two days before its scheduled transmission on 25 April 2008, asked for the raw audiovisual material recorded for a report by Marcela Pulido, dealing with the case of an unidentified woman who had health and personal issues because of a poorly performed buttock augmentation.

The woman wished to expose the beautician who, without being a physician or a plastic surgeon, illegally performed the surgery. The prosecutor, investigating the case, based her decision on the grounds that Séptimo día was "asked to deliver all of the information obtained by to this office, in order to clarify the incidents in question." Teodoro told Foundation for Press Freedom, an NGO which works for journalists' rights, that he was "surprised that just before the programme was to be aired, legal proceedings are said to have been initiated by the Prosecutor's Office," because the only investigation on the issue so far was "the one his programme has undertaken." The episode would be broadcast 24 August 2008, after getting an authorization. On 20 and 27 July 2008 Séptimo día dealt with the so-called Narcotourism in Bogotá, Medellín, Cartagena, showing how foreigners come to Colombia in order to get easy and cheap access to drugs. Cartagena's police commander, Col. Carlos Mena Bravo, after being asked by journalist Gloria Lozano why foreigners are not searched when some parties known to involve drug use end at sunrise, replied "we do not want to bother the foreigners, if it is not because of the results of an investigative process of information we have received about this person may be possessing narcotics."

In the following days, tourist guides demonstrated showing their contempt for the way they were depicted in the episode. The demonstrators were carrying banners, one of them reading "Séptimo día is a lie." They told Barranquilla-based El Heraldo newspaper that two men, claiming to be tourist guides, who told the journalists about where and who sold drugs were impostors. In a column published by El Colombiano newspaper, writer Pascual Gaviria criticized Séptimo día because "the tone was of false surprise and permanent moral condemnation."On 27 March 2011, Séptimo día dealt with the case of Sandra/Alexander, born in 1972 with ambiguous genitalia and who had his testicles surgically removed, with the knowledge of her/his parents following the advice of Dr. Efraim Bonilla Arciniegas, who would be considered the "father of

Torah Umesorah – National Society for Hebrew Day Schools is an Orthodox Jewish educational charity based in the United States that promotes Torah-based Jewish religious education in North America by supporting and developing a loosely affiliated network independent private Jewish day schools. In the early 21st century, some 760 day schools teach more than 250,000 children. Torah Umesorah have established yeshivas and kollelim in every city with a significant population of Jews. Rabbi Joshua Fishman served from 1980 as executive vice-president until his retirement in June 2007; the current Menahel or national director, is Rabbi David Nojowitz. Torah Umesorah, the National Society for Hebrew Day Schools, was the first national Jewish organization in the United States to pioneer Jewish day schools in this country, it started to develop these in 1944, during World War II and at a time when the United States was at war with the Axis Powers and Europe's Jews were being consumed by the Nazi genocide of the Holocaust.

Challenging the prevailing mood of the times, Rabbi Shraga Feivel Mendlowitz and other rabbis founded Torah Umesorah to develop a network of Jewish day schools across North America. Rabbi Mendlowitz was born in Hungary and was serving as the head of the Yeshiva Torah Vodaas in Brooklyn, New York, he selected Dr. Joseph Kaminetsky in 1945 as the first full-time Director, he served until 1980, overseeing the establishment of Orthodox day schools at hundreds of sites across the country. He had a doctorate from Columbia Teachers College. In 1944 there were few Orthodox Jewish day schools in the United States, let alone authentic yeshivas or Beis Yaakov schools; the afternoon/Talmud Torah system was deemed "failing to transmit Yiddishkeit in a compelling manner to students who arrived tired in the afternoons and were subjected to assimilationist influences in American culture."By the end of the twentieth century, Torah Umesorah had developed more than 600 yeshivas and day schools in the United States and Canada, enrolling more than 170,000 Jewish students.

The organization's motto is "the children are the future," or in Hebrew, יש עתיד. The founders of Torah Umesorah wanted to establish a different model of education. At the time, Jewish parents sent their children to non-sectarian public schools during the day. In the afternoons or on Sundays they would send the children to Cheder or Talmud Torah-type Jewish-run schools for religious training, as had been the tradition in Europe. Parents feared that in North America, this approach was failing to transmit Judaism in a compelling and lasting manner. Students went to Jewish classes, they were subject to the secularizing forces in their mixed communities, encountering the larger American society and culture in public school, on the street, at home. There were only five Jewish day schools outside New York City; the rabbis intended their new school system to have a dual-curriculum: Jewish day schools would provide a Judaic education for half the day and a good secular education in classical subjects, all in one building or complex.

They planned for each new school to be guided by an ordained rabbi who would serve as the headmaster or principal. He would recruit a "general studies" associate principal, preferably someone, loyal to the traditions of Judaism; the associate would recruit, assist and guide the teachers who would teach the secular subjects taught in the public schools. American Jews were shocked as they learned the overwhelming scale of Jewish deaths due to the Holocaust of World War II. Many American Jews had lost relatives in Europe. In addition, more than half a million United States Jews had served in the US armed forces. Many American Jews were sympathetic to the rabbis' appeals to ensure a moderate Jewish education for their children, at least until the Bar Mitzvah age. In addition, most Jews in the United States felt pride when the new State of Israel was established, due in part to fierce fighting by the many European Zionist Jews who had immigrated there when it was Mandate Palestine; the United States was the first nation to recognize the new Jewish state.

With a renewed commitment to Judaism, American Jews wanted to ensure that their children learned the Hebrew language, connected with the core of Judaism and religious studies, had the opportunity to learn secular subjects at a high level. The new Jewish days schools were believed to be a means to accomplish the new goals of all-day Jewish schooling—or, all-day schooling under Jewish religious auspices. Parents believed that having their children study in the Cheders and Talmud Torahs had failed to gain their commitment to Judaism and practicing as religious adults. After Torah Umesorah was established, its affiliated schools were attracting students, the parents of its students were encouraged to enroll them in Jewish high schools, to maintain students' commitment to Judaism. Transferring Jewish students to public high schools in adolescence was considered a risk, as they were subject to many outside influences. In the New York-New Jersey metropolitan area in many areas of Brooklyn, various Hasidic and Haredi groups al

Ian Peter Thomson is a former Australian rules footballer who played with South Melbourne in the Victorian Football League. He played for East Perth and East Fremantle in the West Australian Football League. Thomson, a key position player, started his career at East Perth in 1967, he represented Western Australia in an interstate match against Victoria at Subiaco Oval on 17 July 1971. Before the beginning of the 1973 VFL season, Thomson was in talks to join Fitzroy, but was signed by South Melbourne, he played 20 games as a centre half-back. In 1974 he took a club high 120 marks. Used up forward for much of the year, Thomson kicked 24 goals, he broke an ankle bone in a 1975 pre-season practice match, which kept him out of the side until round five towards the end of the season suffered a knee injury, which restricted him to 13 games that season. The next year he had a six goal haul against St Kilda at Moorabbin Oval. In 1977 and 1978, Thomson was back at East Perth, he was only playing suburban football early in the 1979 season when he got recruited by East Fremantle, where he was used as a forward.

It was at full-forward that he kicked four goals for East Fremantle in their 1979 WANFL Grand Final win over South Fremantle. With prolific goal scoring team mate Kevin Taylor at South Melbourne, Thomson topped East Fremantle's goal-kicking in 1981