1.
Tehran
–
Tehran is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. It is ranked 29th in the world by the population of its metropolitan area, in the Classical era, part of the present-day city of Tehran was occupied by a Median city that in the Avesta occurs as Rhaga. It was destroyed by the Mongols in the early 13th century, the capital has been moved several times throughout the history, and Tehran is the 32nd national capital of Iran. The city was the seat of the Qajars and Pahlavis, the two last imperial dynasties of Iran. It is home to historical collections, such as the royal complexes of Golestan, Sadabad. Large scale demolition and rebuilding began in the 1920s, and Tehran has been a destination for the migrations from all over Iran since the 20th century. Tabiat Bridge, which was completed in 2014, is considered the third symbol of the city. There have been plans to relocate Irans capital from Tehran to another area, due mainly to air pollution, to date, no definitive plans have been approved. A2016 survey of 230 cities by consultant Mercer ranked Tehran 203rd for quality of living, according to the Global Destinations Cities Index in 2016, Tehran is among the top ten fastest growing destinations. The origin of the name Tehran is uncertain, the settlement of Tehran dates back over 7,000 years. The present-day city of Tehran was a suburb of an important Median city that was known as Rhaga in Old Persian, in the Avestas Videvdat, Rhaga is mentioned as the twelfth sacred place created by the Ohrmazd. In Old Persian inscriptions, Rhaga appears as a province and it was a major area for the Iranian tribes of Medes and Achaemenids. From Rhaga, Darius the Great sent reinforcements to his father Hystaspes, in some Middle Persian texts, Rhaga is given as the birthplace of Zoroaster, although modern historians generally place the birth of Zoroaster in Khorasan. Derived into Modern Persian as Rey, it now as a city located towards the southern end of the modern-day city of Tehran. Mount Damavand, the highest peak of Iran, which is located near Tehran, is an important location in Ferdowsis Shahname, the long Iranian epic poem that is based on the ancient epics of Iran. It appears in the epics as the birthplace of Manuchehr, the residence of Keyumars, the place where Freydun binds the dragon fiend Aži Dahāka, during the Sassanid era, in 641, Yazdgerd III issued his last appeal to the nation from Rey, before fleeing to Khorasan. Rey was dominated by the Parthian Mihran family, and Siyavakhsh—the son of Mihran the son of Bahram Chobin—who resisted the Muslim Invasion, because of this resistance, when the Arabs captured Rey, they ordered the town to be destroyed and ordered Farrukhzad to rebuild the town anew. In the 9th century, Tehran was a well known village, but less known than the city of Rey, the medieval writer Najm od Din Razi declared the population of Rey about 500,000 before the Mongol Invasion
2.
Rapping
–
The components of rapping include content, flow, and delivery. Rap differs from spoken-word poetry in that rap is performed in time to a beat. Rapping is often associated with and an ingredient of hip-hop music. Rapping is also used in Kwaito music, a genre originated in Johannesburg, South Africa. Another form of rap that predates hip hop was boxer Muhammad Alis rhythmic poetry used to taunt his opponents in the 1960s and 1970s, rapping can be delivered over a beat, typically provided by a DJ, turntablist or Beatboxer, or without accompaniment. Stylistically, rap occupies an area between speech, prose, poetry, and singing. The word, as used to describe quick speech or repartee, the word had been used in British English since the 16th century. It was part of the African American dialect of English in the 1960s meaning to converse, today, the terms rap and rapping are so closely associated with hip-hop music that many writers use the terms interchangeably. The English verb rap has various meanings, such as to strike, especially with a quick, smart, or light blow, as well to utter sharply or vigorously, to rap out a command. The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary gives a date of 1541 for the first recorded use of the word with the meaning to utter sharply, vigorously and it is these meanings from which the musical form of rapping derives, and this definition may be from a shortening of repartee. A rapper refers to a performer who raps, by the late 1960s, when Hubert G. Brown changed his name to H. Rap was used to describe talking on records as early as 1971, on Isaac Hayes album Black Moses with track names such as Ikes Rap, Ikes Rap II, Ikes Rap III, Hayes husky-voiced sexy spoken raps became key components in his signature sound. Del the Funky Homosapien similarly states that rap was used to refer to talking in a manner in the early 1970s. Back then what rapping meant, basically, was you trying to convey something—youre trying to convince somebody, thats what rapping is, its in the way you talk. Rapping can be traced back to its African roots, centuries before hip-hop music existed, the griots of West Africa were delivering stories rhythmically, over drums and sparse instrumentation. Such connections have been acknowledged by modern artists, modern day griots, spoken word artists, mainstream news sources. Grammy-winning blues musician/historian Elijah Wald and others have argued that the blues were being rapped as early as the 1920s, Wald went so far as to call hip hop the living blues. A notable recorded example of rapping in blues music was the 1950 song Gotta Let You Go by Joe Hill Louis, not just jazz music and lyrics but also jazz poetry
3.
Hip hop music
–
It developed as part of hip hop culture, a subculture defined by four key stylistic elements, MCing/rapping, DJing/scratching with turntables, break dancing, and graffiti writing. Other elements include sampling beats or bass lines from records, while often used to refer solely to rapping, hip hop more properly denotes the practice of the entire subculture. Hip hops early evolution occurred as sampling technology and drum machines became available and affordable. Turntablist techniques such as scratching and beatmatching developed along with the breaks and Jamaican toasting, rapping developed as a vocal style in which the artist speaks or chants along rhythmically with an instrumental or synthesized beat. The Sugarhill Gangs 1979 song Rappers Delight is widely regarded to be the first hip hop record to gain popularity in the mainstream. The 1980s marked the diversification of hip hop as the genre developed more complex styles, prior to the 1980s, hip hop music was largely confined within the United States. However, during the 1980s, it began to spread to scenes in dozens of countries. New school hip hop was the wave of hip hop music, originating in 1983–84 with the early records of Run-D. M. C. The Golden age hip hop period was a period between the mid-1980s and the early 1990s. Notable artists from this era include the Juice Crew, Public Enemy, & Rakim, Boogie Down Productions and KRS-One, EPMD, Slick Rick, Beastie Boys, Kool G Rap, Big Daddy Kane, Ultramagnetic MCs, De La Soul, and A Tribe Called Quest. Gangsta rap is a subgenre of hip hop that often focuses on the violent lifestyles, in the West Coast hip hop style, G-funk dominated mainstream hip hop for several years during the 1990s. I. G. In the 1990s, hip hop began to diversify with other regional styles emerging, such as Southern rap, at the same time, hip hop continued to be assimilated into other genres of popular music, examples being Neo soul and nu metal. Hip hop became a pop music genre in the mid-1990s. The popularity of hip hop music continued through the 2000s, with hip hop influences also increasingly finding their way into mainstream pop, the United States also saw the success of regional styles such as crunk, a Southern genre that emphasized the beats and music more than the lyrics. Starting in 2005, sales of hip hop music in the United States began to severely wane, during the mid-2000s, alternative hip hop secured a place in the mainstream, due in part to the crossover success of artists such as OutKast and Kanye West. Creation of the hip hop is often credited to Keith Cowboy, rapper with Grandmaster Flash. However, Lovebug Starski, Keith Cowboy, and DJ Hollywood used the term when the music was known as disco rap. Cowboy later worked the hip hop cadence into a part of his stage performance, the first use of the term in print was in The Village Voice, by Steven Hager, later author of a 1984 history of hip hop
4.
Mahdyar Aghajani
–
Mahdyar Aghajani is a musician, record producer and film composer born and raised in Tehran, Iran. He raised the standard of Iranian underground music, using Persian traditional instruments in electronic, in 2006 Hichkas released the first Iranian hip hop album Jangale Asfalt. Mahdyar Aghajani, musician and producer of album, integrated hip hop. After an interview with Nasim-E-Haraz magazine regarding the release of his first mainstream album in 2006 with Hichkas, in 2009 Mahdyar composed the original soundtrack for the film No One Knows About Persian Cats. The film criticizes Iranian government policies regarding underground music, No One Knows About Persian Cats success at the 2009 Cannes Film Festival got part of the crew of the film in trouble with Iranian authorities. The pressure resulted in Mahdyar leaving his family behind at the age of 20, har Tor Shodeh Migam Hichkas Bunch of SoldiersYe Mosht Sarbaz Bahman Ghobadi – No One Knows About Persian Cats 12. Jouwani Hichkas Ye Rooze Khoob Miad This song has become an instant hit, Hichkas - Mā Az Ounāshim 04. Quf - Shak Quf – Zir o Bam e Zirzamin 01, shabe Khazan Hichkas - Young N Foolish Fadaei - Adl EP01
5.
Kool G Rap
–
Nathaniel Thomas Wilson, better known by his stage name Kool G Rap, is an American rapper from LeFrak City, Queens. He began his career in the mid-1980s as one half of the group Kool G Rap & DJ Polo and he is often cited as one of the most influential and skilled MCs of all time, and a pioneer of mafioso rap/street/hardcore content and multisyllabic rhyming. On his album The Giancana Story, he stated that the G in his name stands for Giancana and he has also been cited as a major influence to some of hip-hops most critically acclaimed figures such as The Notorious B. I. G. Big Pun, Nas, Eminem and Jay-Z, as well as many underground rappers, Wilson grew up in the poverty-ridden streets of Corona, Queens, New York with legendary producer Eric B. In an interview with The Source he stated, Growing up in Corona was like a little Harlem, I was like 15 years old, Ma dukes couldnt dress a nigga no more and at that age you want a little money in your pocket. Thats what gets us all, material possessions, a nigga got caught up in that mentality. Nigga started selling drugs at a point, and all that shit. Eventually all my friends got smoked, All my friends started packing burners everyday, we was wild shorties. Around this time, Wilson was looking for a DJ, and through Eric B. he met DJ Polo, who was looking for an MC to collaborate with. Juice Crew producer Mr. Magic and DJ Marley Marl allowed Polo and G Rap to go to their studio to record a demo and they eventually released Its a Demo as a single with Im Fly, along with two more singles. Shortly after this, Kool G Rap appeared on the Juice Crews classic posse cut The Symphony before they released their debut album and this album and their two later albums, Wanted, Dead or Alive and Live and Let Die, are highly regarded and considered hip-hop classics. Eventually in 1993, Kool G Rap parted ways with DJ Polo in pursuit of a solo career. In 1995, G Rap started his career with the album 4,5,6, which featured production from Buckwild. It has been his most commercially successful record, reaching No.24 on the US Billboard 200 album chart and this was followed by Roots of Evil in 1998. In 1997 G Rap was featured on Frankie Cutlass Politic & Bullsht album track titled Know Da Game which also featured Mobb Deep and my Life the hit single from the album featuring Talk Box legend G-Wise reached No.6 on the US Billboard Hot 100 Rap singles charts. He then released a joint album with his group,5 Family Click, in the following years, mixtapes were made and further collaborations continued. There were even rumors of G Raps signing to both Rocafella and G-Unit Records, and even at one point Maybach Music, in 2007 he released Half a Klip on Chinga Chang Records, featuring production from, among others, DJ Premier and Marley Marl. A full LP was released in 2011, Riches, Royalty, Respect showcasing his true to form style, the promise and prospects of collaboration albums were announced later the next year on his own, newly formed label FullMettle
6.
Zedbazi
–
Zedbazi is an Iranian hip hop band from Tehran. They are known as the pioneer of rap in Iran. The band has been suspended since October 2014, and the members have divided into two groups. Foundation of the dates back to early 2002. It was started up by Saman Rezapour and Mehrad Mostowfi Rad, after moving to London, they met Sohrab Mostavafi in a summer school, where he joined the band after collaborating on Kal Kal, a cover of D12s Rap Game. The first collaboration of Siavash Jalali and Alireza Jazayeri with the earlier members was Berim Faza. Siavash and Alireza were best friends in Paris, where they had also met Nassim Parize, the three future band members officially joined Zedbazi by releasing Tabestoon Kootahe in September 2007. They brought a new style into the band, as Mehrad Hidden remarks in Ardeshir Ahmadis Zedbazi Documentary, the formula they brought was different than ours. Our formula was necessary for the inception, theirs was necessary for the continuation, the name Zedbazi consists of the words zed and bāzi. Zakhar is an old and non-common word in modern Persian language, therefore, Zedbazi can be translated as the zakhar acts. They are considered as the first musical band in Iran to use explicit language. Tabestoon Kootahe is considered as Zedbazis most popular song, which was released in September 2007 and it is about the bittersweet feeling of a summertime in Iran. In October 2014, the band announced a separation between the members and it was due to some internal disagreements. Saman Wilson, who had not been attending to the songs after Tabestoon Kootahe, returned and joined Mehrad Hidden. Alireza JJ, Sijal, and Nassim decided to work together, according to Alireza JJ, all of the members are still part of the band, but they are currently not working together. Their first studio album, Zakhar Nameh, was released on June 4,2012, all of the band members, except Saman Wilson, were involved in the album, featuring Hichkas, Behzad Leito and Arash Dara. On July 28,2014, the album Pir Shodim Vali Bozorg Na was released and it was composed by Alireza JJ and DJ AFX, and included Behzad Leito, Paya, Erfan, Sepehr Khalse, Sina Mafee, Magico and Cornellaa as featured artists. The album Bozorg, Vol.2, presented by Bozorg, was released on February 27,2015, with Sohrab MJ, Arash Dara, Tara Salahi, Kiarash, and Siamak as featured artists
7.
Lowkey
–
Kareem Dennis, better known by his stage name Lowkey, is an English rapper, and political activist of Iraqi descent. He first became known through a series of mixtapes he released before he was 18 and he released his second solo album Soundtrack to the Struggle independently on 16 October 2011. He is known for his controversial lyricism on real life issues, kareem Dennis was born in London to an Iraqi mother and an English father. From the age of twelve he began to rap, initially imitating American rappers and he began attending the open mic sessions which took place at the Deal Real record shop on Carnaby Street, Central London. The first part of his mixtape series Key to the Game, was released independently in 2003, within a year and a half he had released a second and third volume, all of which gained critical acclaim from UK hip hop circles. Though stalled by other artistic endeavours, Dear Listener was eventually released in January 2009 and he bookended the year with another release, Uncensored, with highlights from the entire Key To The Game series and Dear Listener. This was released digitally in December through iTunes, after touring with Immortal Technique the two made a single, Voices of the Voiceless which was released in September 2009 after a one-minute preview was officially released on YouTube. The second single, Long Live Palestine was digitally released on 9 March 2009, Long Live Palestine was packaged in an EP with Part 1 and the instrumental. The single received statements of support from Tony Benn and Benjamin Zephiniah and it was also admired by the Respect politician George Galloway who described the song as a classic and Lowkey as an outstanding figure. Soundtrack to the Struggle was released on 16 October 2011, the album entered the UK Albums Chart on 23 October at number 57 – becoming Lowkeys first entry on the national charts. In the UK Download Chart, Soundtrack to the Struggle peaked higher than its UK Albums Chart position – at number 14, and in the UK R&B Chart, the album received its highest OCC position, number 6. In the UK Indie Chart, the peaked at number 9. On 17 April 2012, Lowkey officially put his career on hiatus. He said that months of contemplation, he has decided to step away from music. With this, he announced that he would deactivate his Facebook page, on 26 July 2016, various sources shared an image on social media relating to Lowkeys return to the music scene with new single Ahmed. On 29 July 2016, Lowkey released a video for the single, in addition, a seven-day tour across the UK in September 2016 was announced. On September 3,2016, “Children of Diaspora”, the single track since Lowkey’s return, was released. The track addresses issues of racism and xenophobia, and mentions victims of brutality in the U. K
