High Altitude Venus Operational Concept was a proposed set of crewed NASA mission concepts to the planet Venus. All human portions of the missions would be conducted from lighter-than-air craft or fro
Artist's rendering of a NASA crewed floating outpost on Venus
Suggested specifications for the robotic airship
Slide detailing sequence of events for the crewed descent
MESSENGER Venus 630 nm stretch
Vega program
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The Vega program was a series of Venus missions that also took advantage of the appearance of Halley's Comet in 1986. Vega 1 and Vega 2 were uncrewed spacecraft launched in a cooperative effort among
High Altitude Venus Operational Concept
…level of protection from solar and interstellar radiation. Whereas all ground missions measured their operational time in minutes or hours, the Soviet Vega missions found success in launching small balloons, that operated until their batteries were exhausted (days). At 55 km (34 mi) altitude, the atmosphere…
Vega mission description
A Vega probe bus on display at the National Air and Space Museum
Artist's impression of the Vega probe on Venus
Vega balloon probe on display at the Udvar-Hazy Center of the Smithsonian Institution. Photo by Geoffrey A. Landis.