Hillsboro is a town in Caroline County, Maryland, United States. The population was 161 at the 2010 United States Census. Daffin House and St. Paul's Episcopal Church were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.

Caroline County is a rural county located in the U.S. state of Maryland on its Eastern Shore. As of the 2020 census, the population was 33,293. Its county seat is Denton.