Hippika gymnasia
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The hippika gymnasia were ritual tournaments performed by the cavalry of the Roman Empire to both practice their skills and display their expertise. They took place on a parade ground situated outside
A reenactor and horse wearing pieces of display armour typical of the hippika gymnasia
Reconstruction of a Roman cavalry "sports helmet" of the 2nd century AD
The Ribchester Helmet
One of the Newstead Helmets
Cantabrian circle
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The Cantabrian circle was a military tactic born in the warfare in the ancient Iberian Peninsula. It was employed by ancient and to a lesser extent medieval light cavalry armed with javelins or bows.
Hippika gymnasia
…I should notice it; if there were anything conspicuously bad, I should point it out. But you pleased me uniformly throughout the whole exercise . . . Cantabrian circle Lusus Troiae, the equestrian "Troy Game…
Cantabrian horseman armed on horseback belonging to a fragment of the stela of San Vicente de Toranzo discovered in the hillfort of Espina del Gallego.