History of rail transport in Switzerland
The construction and operation of Swiss railways during the 19th century was carried out by private railways. The first internal line was a 16 km line opened from Zürich to Baden in 1847. By 1860 railways connected western and northeastern Switzerland. The first Alpine railway to be opened was under the Gotthard Pass in 1882. A second alpine line was opened under the Simplon Pass in 1906.
Ruemlingen Viaduct on the original Basel-Olten line opened in 1858
Contemporary drawing showing a construction locomotive on the Gotthard Railway
Landwasser Viaduct on the Rhaetian Railway
Intercity train on the Mattstetten–Rothrist new line
The New Railway Link through the Alps, is a Swiss construction project for faster north–south rail links across the Swiss Alps. It consists of two axes with several improvements along these rails including three new base tunnels several hundred metres below the existing apex tunnels, the 57-kilometre (35 mi) Gotthard Base Tunnel, the 35-kilometre (22 mi) Lötschberg Base Tunnel, and the 15-kilometre (9.3 mi) Ceneri Base Tunnel. Swiss Federal Railways subsidiary AlpTransit Gotthard AG and BLS AG subsidiary BLS Alp Transit AG were founded for this project and built the tunnels.
The NRLA project is the centrepiece of the Central European rail network.
Three-way junction under construction in the Gotthard Base Tunnel in 2006
Called "the project of the century", the Gotthard Base Tunnel is the first flat route through any major mountain range, from the northern plains (here in Erstfeld) to the southern plains. In the background here looms the majestic 3,073-metre-high (10,082 ft) Bristen mountain.