Homo erectus is an extinct species of archaic human from the Pleistocene, spanning nearly 2 million years. It is the first human species to evolve a humanlike body plan and gait, to leave Africa and c
Java Man holotype
In 1868, Ernst Haeckel suggested early humans dispersed from the now-disproven hypothetical continent "Lemuria".
Artistic depiction of a group of Homo erectus georgicus, based on early hominin discoveries from Dmanisi.
H. e. georgicus (above) represents one of the earliest dispersals out of Africa about 1.8 million years ago.
Neanderthals are an extinct group of archaic humans who inhabited Europe and Western and Central Asia during the Middle to Late Pleistocene. Neanderthal extinction occurred roughly 40,000 years ago wi
Homo erectus
…fire. Some populations of H. erectus were ancestors of later human species, including H. heidelbergensis—the last common ancestor of modern humans, Neanderthals, and Denisovans. As such a widely distributed species both geographically and temporally, H. erectus anatomy varies considerably. Subspecies are sometimes…
Skullcap of Neanderthal 1, the type specimen, at the Musée de l'Homme, Paris
The site of Kleine Feldhofer Grotte where Neanderthal 1 was discovered
William K. Gregory's The Family Tree of Man exhibit at the American Museum of Natural History, 1924 1) Notharctus 2) Propliopithecus 3) Dryopithecus 4) Java Man 5) Piltdown Man 6) Heidelberg Man 7) Neanderthal Man 8) Cro-Magnon Man 9) Australian Black-fellow (pejorative term for Aboriginal Australians) 10) Hottentot (pejorative term for the Southern African Khoisan) 11) Chinese 12) American Caucasian