Homo floresiensis ( also known as "Flores Man") is an extinct species of small archaic human that inhabited the island of Flores, Indonesia, until the arrival of modern humans about 50,000 years ago.
Homo floresiensis
Liang Bua Cave, where the specimens were discovered
Skeleton at the Natural History Museum, London
LB1 (left) vs. microcephalic human (right)
Archaic humans is a broad category denoting all species of the genus Homo that are not Homo sapiens. Among the earliest modern human remains are those from Jebel Irhoud in Morocco, Florisbad in South Africa (259 ka), and Omo-Kibish I in southern Ethiopia. Some examples of archaic humans include H. antecessor (1200–770 ka), H. bodoensis (1200–300 ka), H. heidelbergensis (600–200 ka), Neanderthals, H. rhodesiensis (300–125 ka) and Denisovans,
Homo rhodesiensis ("Broken Hill Cranium"): dated to 324,000 to 274,000 years ago.
Anatomical comparison of the skulls of anatomically modern humans (left) and Homo neanderthalensis (right)