Hooters is the registered trademark used by two American restaurant chains: Hooters, Inc. based in Clearwater and Hooters of America, Inc. based in Atlanta and owned by two private investment firms, TriArtisan Capital Advisors and Nord Bay Capital. The Hooters name is a double entendre referring to both its owl logo, a bird known for its "hooting" calls, an American slang term for women's breasts popularized by comedian Steve Martin on the hit comedy series Saturday Night Live. Hooters had an airline, Hooters Air, with a normal flight crew and flight attendants and scantily clad "Hooters Girls" on every flight; the waiting staff at Hooters restaurants are young women referred to as "Hooters Girls", whose revealing outfits and sex appeal are played up and are a primary component of the company's image. The company employs men and women as cooks, hosts and managers; the menu includes hamburgers and other sandwiches, seafood entrees and the restaurant's specialty, chicken wings. All Hooters restaurants hold alcoholic beverage licenses to sell beer and wine, where local permits allow, a full liquor bar.

Hooters T-shirts and various souvenirs and curios are sold. In 2015, Hooters announced that it is planning to open more than 30 restaurants in Southeast Asia over the next six years; as of 2016, there were more than 430 Hooters locations and franchises around the world and Hooters of America LLC. owns 160 units. There are Hooters locations in 44 US states, the US Virgin Islands, in 28 other countries. Hooters, Inc. was incorporated in Clearwater, Florida, on April 1, 1983, by six Clearwater businessmen: Lynn D. Stewart, Gil DiGiannantonio, Ed Droste, Billy Ranieri, Ken Wimmer and Dennis Johnson; the date was an April Fools' Day joke because the original six owners believed that their prospect was going to fail. Their first Hooters restaurant was built on the site of a former rundown nightclub, purchased at a low price. So many businesses had folded in that particular location that the Hooters founders built a small "graveyard" at the front door for each that had come and gone before them; the first restaurant opened its doors on October 1983, in Clearwater.

This original location was decorated with memorabilia from Waverly, hometown to some of the original Hooters 6. In 1984 Hugh Connerty bought the rights to Hooters from the Original Hooters 6. Robert H. Brooks and a group of Atlantan investors bought out Hugh Connerty. In 2002, Brooks became chairman; the Clearwater-based company retained control over restaurants in the Tampa Bay Area, Chicago metropolitan area, one in Manhattan, New York, while all other locations were under the aegis of Hooters of America, which sold franchising rights to the rest of the United States and international locations. Under Brooks's leadership, the collective Hooters brand expanded to more than 425 stores worldwide. Brooks died on July 2006, in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, of a heart attack. Brooks's will gave most of Hooters of America Inc. to his son Coby Brooks and daughter Boni Belle Brooks. The Hooters Casino Hotel was opened February 2006, off the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada; this hotel has 696 rooms with a 35,000-square-foot casino.

The hotel is owned and operated by 155 East Tropicana, LLC. It is adjacent to the Tropicana, across the street from the MGM Grand Las Vegas; as of 2014, it is the only Hooters facility offering lodging since a Hooters Inn motel located along Interstate 4 in Lakeland, was demolished in 2007. As part of their 25th anniversary, Hooters Magazine released its list of top Hooters Girls of all time. Among the best-known were Lynne Austin, the late Kelly Jo Dowd, Bonnie-Jill Laflin, Leeann Tweeden, Holly Madison. After Brooks' death in 2006, 240 buyers showed interest in Hooters of America Inc. and 17 submitted bids, with that number being reduced to eight, three, before the selection of Wellspring Capital Management. Chanticleer Holdings LLC of Charlotte, North Carolina, which had the right to block the sale after a $5 million loan made in 2006, did so in a December 1, 2010, letter to the court; as a result and other investors bought the company from the Brooks Family In January 2011 Chanticleer Holdings LLC of Charlotte, North Carolina and others completed the purchase of Hooters of America Inc. from the Brooks family.

As of July 2013 Hooters of America owns 160 restaurants and operates or franchises over 430. The company's first overseas location was in Singapore, there are Hooters restaurants in Aruba, Austria, Bolivia, China, Costa Rica, Czech Republic, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Lithuania, Panama, South Africa, South Korea, Taiwan, Thailand and one in the United Kingdom, following the closure of the remaining UK franchises; the three largest Hooters restaurants are in Singapore, São Paulo. On July 1, 2019 Hooters was sold to TriArtisan Capital Advisors. Full details of the sale were not disclosed, what was disclosed is, the Hooters' previous owners, Chanticleer Holdings and H. I. G. Capital, will both retain stakes in the casual-dining chain. In 2013, the company announced a plan to remodel every restaurant in the chain; the prototype restaurant first remodeled was the location in Houston, located off the Southwest Freeway at Kirby Drive near Downtown Houston.

The new design will feature more windows and outdoor dining and upgraded audio-vi

The Ecological regions of Quebec are regions with specific types of vegetation and climates as defined by the Quebec Ministry of Forests and Parks. Given the size of this huge province, there is wide variation from the temperate deciduous forests of the southwest to the arctic tundra of the extreme north. Quebec covers more than 1,600,000 square kilometres of land between 45° and 62° north, with vegetation that varies from south to north. Most of the natural vegetation is forest, with various species of trees and other plants, these forests are the habitat for diverse fauna. Energy and soil are all important factors in determining what can grow; the climate influences the natural disturbances that affect forests: western Quebec has a drier climate than the east, experiences more fires. For most species these disturbances are not disasters, some need them to regenerate; the climate in Quebec supports rich deciduous forest in the southern regions, further north become progressively harsher. In the Saint Lawrence Lowlands there are graduations of climate from southwest to northeast.

Changes in elevation can have similar effects to changes in latitude, with plants adapted to cooler conditions found higher up. Within a given bioclimatic domain the types of vegetation depend on soil, terrain features such as hilltops and valley floors, disturbances such as fires, insect infestations and logging; the Quebec Ministry of Forests and Parks divides Quebec into three vegetation zones: northern temperate and Arctic, which correspond to Quebec's major climate subdivisions, divides these into sub-zones, which in turn are divided into domains and sub-domains. The ministry publishes a map in which these sub-domains are in turn divided into ecological regions and subregions, into landscape units. All of the bedrock of Quebec north of the foothills of the Laurentian Mountains is the Canadian Shield, one of the oldest and most stable of geological formations in the world, with rocks from 600 million to 4 billion years old; the rocks are hard and acidic. The second largest geological zone is the Appalachians, about 230 million years old and less acidic than the shield.

The most fertile part of Quebec is on the rocks of the Saint Lawrence Lowlands, which are at least 250 million years old. They are sedimentary. Most of the rock is covered with surface deposits from a few centimeters or inches thick to over 60 metres. All forests grow on deposits at least 50 centimetres thick; the roots draw water and nutrients from them. All these surface deposits in Quebec date to the last glacial period in North America, when ice covered Quebec to a depth of 1 kilometre or more; the Laurentide Ice Sheet began to melt in the south about 15,000 years ago, retreated north, exposing rocks and silt, scraped from the rock when the glaciers had moved south. These loose deposits, or glacial till, are the most abundant type of surface deposit in Quebec; the till has been reworked by the rivers that carried away the water of the melting ice sheet, or by the ancient lakes or seas that flooded inland before the land rebounded from the weight of the ice cap. The tills drain well due to their stones and abundant sand, but their richness in nutrients depends on their origins.

The soil derived from the Shield is acidic, lacking in nutrients such as calcium and with fine particles that are sand. Most of Quebec's coniferous boreal forest grows on the Canadian Shield; the Appalachians form less acidic and more fertile soils, still rocky, but with less sand and more silt. In the Eastern Townships the forests are deciduous, but the forests of the Bas-Saint-Laurent and the Gaspé Peninsula are conifers. Although the soils of the Saint Lawrence Lowlands are stony they are very rich in nutrients; the Committee on the Map of Ecological Regions of the Quebec Ministry of Forests and Parks defined the current classification of bioclimatic domains in Quebec in 1998. These are regions with similar vegetation. There are ten of these domains; some of the domains are subdivided into west and east sub-domains due to differences in vegetation caused by differences in precipitation. The domains are: The northern temperate zone has two sub-zones: deciduous forest and mixed forest; the deciduous forest sub-zone is dominated by maples.

Windthrow is an important element of the forest dynamics. It includes the maple / bitternut hickory domain, the maple / basswood domain and the maple / yellow birch domain; the maple / bitternut hickory domain has the mildest climate in Quebec and has diverse forests. It includes several warm climate species, some at the northern limit of their range such as bitternut hickory, shagbark hickory, black maple, swamp white oak, rock elm, pitch pine and several shrubs and herbaceous plants. Other species such as sugar maple and spruce grow further north; the maple / basswood domain extends north and east of the Maple / bitternut hickory domain, has diverse flora. As well as sugar maple the American basswood, white ash, American hophornbeam and butternut are found in favorable locations, but are less common beyond this area; the western subdomain is drier than the eastern subdomain, the northern red oak is more common in the east. The maple / yellow birch domain covers the slopes and hills that border the southern Lau

Cameron Paul Thompson was an Australian politician in Queensland. A member of the Liberal Party, he served as a member of the Australian House of Representatives representing the Division of Blair from 1998 until 2007. Thompson was born in Rockhampton and was a radio journalist, as well as press secretary and chief of staff to several state and territory politicians in Queensland and the Northern Territory before entering politics. Thompson was preselected for the new division of Blair for the 1998 election. Considerable press at the time focussed on the contest, as the redistribution creating the seat had split One Nation leader Pauline Hanson's seat of Oxley in half. A Labor-friendly section around Brisbane remained in Oxley. Hanson opted to contest Blair. After election day, the contest was noted for being one of only ten occasions where a candidate who did not finish first or second went on to win under Australia's instant-runoff voting system. Thompson finished third behind Hanson and Labor's Virginia Clarke.

However, the major parties all preferenced each other ahead of Hanson, allowing Thompson to pull ahead of Clarke on National preferences. On the eighth count, Thompson picked up three-fourths of Clarke's preferences, enough for him to win the two party preferred vote against Hanson. Thompson's ousting of Hanson from Federal Parliament was to be his only claim to political fame. Thompson led a proposal to construct a bypass east of the city of Ipswich, known as the Goodna Bypass and connecting Dinmore to the Logan Motorway, in preference to a six-lane upgrade of the Ipswich Motorway. In pursuit of the bypass, he encountered opposition from leaders within his own party including Queensland's state Liberal leader Dr Bruce Flegg and Brisbane Lord Mayor Campbell Newman. After a set of feasibility studies and options reports, the federal government announced funding for the A$2.3 billion Goodna Bypass. By July, the cost had increased to $2.8 billion. As the 2007 election approached, Thompson campaigned solely on the Goodna Bypass, which Labor had said they would not build if they won government.

However, a redistribution pushed Blair further into Ipswich. The new territory was pro-Labor and cut Thompson's majority in half, from a safe 11.2 percent to a marginal 5.7 percent—putting it just outside the range of seats Labor would need to take off the Coalition in order to win government. Together with a strong swing in Queensland towards the Labor Party, this resulted in Thompson's defeat by Labor candidate Shayne Neumann, with a two party preferred swing of 10.17%—significantly over the Queensland average swing of 7.53%. Thompson became a senior adviser to state National leader Lawrence Springborg and temporarily vacated that position to contest the state Liberal presidency against his federal parliamentary colleague Mal Brough and sitting Liberal Party president Gary Spence on a platform of merging the Liberal and National parties. In 2010, he was unsuccessful in getting the endorsement of the newly merged Liberal National Party of Queensland to be the party's candidate for the Division of Wright

Elena Novikova is a Ukrainian road cyclist, who most rode for UCI Women's Team Servetto–Piumate–Beltrami TSA. She represented her nation at the 2007 UCI Road World Championships and 2009 UCI Road World Championships, she lives in Italy. She won 15 mtb and road 24 hours races in the category solo, she won 2 times 24 hours road race in Le Mans in France. Novikova won 3 times hardest in Italy mtb 24 hours solo race of Finale Ligure. In 2015, she won a title of European Champion of mtb 24 hours solo races. In 2016, she finished the second hardest mtb stage race in the Ironbike. In October 2015 she made a Record of Gavia mountain going down 9 times during 19 hours. On September 17, 2017, she achieved 11 world records during the successful attempt to overcome the previous 24-hour record. All these records are Indoor Track – Solo – Standard – Women 18–49. Records are: 6 Hours = 222.024 Km – 137.959 Miles 12 Hours = 421.347 Km – 261.812 Miles 24 Hours = 781.638 Km – 485.687 Miles 100 Km = 2h 37' 35" 200 Km = 5h 23' 30" 300 Km = 8h 18' 13" 500 Km = 14h 29' 59" 100 Miles = 4h 18' 00" 200 Miles = 8h 55' 13" 300 Miles = 13h 57' 23" 500 Miles = 24h 46' 26" Elena Novikova at ProCyclingStats

The First Battle of the Jiu Valley was a military engagement during World War I fought between Romanian forces on one side and Central Powers forces on the other. The German offensive, although successful, was checked within days and subsequently repulsed by a Romanian counterattack; this was the most conspicuous Romanian victory during the 1916 campaign, given that it was achieved against forces which were superior in artillery and - - in numbers as well. Romania joined the First World War on 27 August 1916, after signing the 1916 Treaty of Bucharest. After a failed Romanian offensive into Transylvania, the Central Powers began attempting to force the mountain passes in the Carpathians. With no prospect of success in the passes around Brassó, Erich von Falkenhayn was able to dispatch General Eberhard Graf von Schmettow with his Cavalry Corps, the 11th Bavarian Infantry Division, an Austro-Hungarian brigade and the Württemberg Mountain Battalion to the Jiu Valley. Overall command of this group was under General Paul von Kneußl.

Opposed to this German-led and mostly-German force was the Romanian 1st Infantry Division of the 1st Romanian Army, the main Romanian formation in the Jiu Valley. Kneußl launched his offensive in the early hours of 23 October 1916, before all his troops had assembled, he overcame the first line of resistance. Aiding the German troops was the 144th Austrian Infantry Brigade, under Colonel Stavinsky; the Romanian forces in the area were elements of the First Army commanded by General Ioan Culcer. However, Culcer's suggestions of retreat led to his replacement by General Ion Dragalina on 24 October. Dragalina was wounded the next day during a reconnaissance mission, being succeeded by General Nicolae Petala, leader of the 1st Army Corps. On 25 October, the Austrians reached Dobrița and Stănești. General Dragalina, in his one day of command shifted several battalions to the region; this gave the Romanian 1st Army a local superiority against the Central Powers, General Petala planned to strike. The Germans reached the outskirts of Frâncești on the 26th, but during that night the weather took a turn for the worse.

On 27 October, Schmettow's cavalry was ordered forward to exploit what appeared to be an imminent breakthrough into Wallachia, but Kneußl's leading elements had overreached themselves. With little overall supervision, the local Romanian commanders launched a series of energetic counterattacks, which first halted the Germans and drove them back in increasing disarray. At 10 a.m. on the 27th, the Romanians counterattacked from south and east, along a front stretching from Sâmbotin to Birnici. Further Romanian attacks took place between Dobrița and Stănești; the extra incentive of 1,000 lei offered by Petala to anyone who captured an enemy artillery piece proved effective. Romanian troops made several breakthroughs into the German lines, capturing two guns and pushing the infantry back into the mountains. With German supply lines severed by accidents and bad weather, a general retreat commenced on 28 October. Falkenhayn's staff recognized that the Romanian counterattack marked the end of von Kneußl's operation.

Although the mountain passes remained in his possession, a decisive breakthrough had eluded Kneußl. On 27 October, the Romanians counterattacked at the village of Arsuri, where they captured two 4-inch howitzer batteries which were subsequently used against the Germans, rendering excellent service. At Turcinești, fighting raged between 5 pm; the Romanians inflicted considerable losses. At Rasovița, the battle remained undecided until 1:30 pm. Romanian reinforcements joined the battle and by 2 pm the Germans had been defeated, losing 400 prisoners and 12 machine guns. On the extreme left flank, the Romanians could make no gains, being only able to contain the Germans. On the next day - 28 October - the Romanian advance continued along the entire front. At the hill south of Horezu, the most violent fighting of the day took place, the Romanians driving back the Bavarians and capturing 2 machine guns and 17 guns, 9 of which were Romanian guns captured by the Germans on 24 October; the Romanian offensive lasted until 1 November.

Among the German officers involved in the battle was Erwin Rommel, at that time serving as an Oberleutnant in command of a company within the Württemberg Mountain Battalion. Rommel and his soldiers advanced with no pack animals or winter clothing. Rommel's forces soon met a few men with an officer, in combat on the other side of the mountain in a Bavarian formation; the Bavarians told Rommel that most of their comrades were overwhelmed in close-quarter combat by the Romanians. Survivors described the Romanians as "very wild and dangerous opponents". Rommel and his troops faced rain and freezing weather during their first night in the mountains, but were forbidden to fall back to a sheltered position; the second night in the mountains had drained Rommel's men of their last strength, but despite numerous cases of fever, the sector commander continued to refuse a withdrawal. At daybreak, the doctor had to send 40 men to the field hospital. After Rommel himself visited the sector commander and described the situation, he was allowed to withdraw.

By 90% of his men were under medical care due to cold and illness. On 27 October, German units reached the outskirts of Târgu Jiu and attempted to cross the bridge into the town, they were repulsed by troops aided by the local population, during this engagement the would-be Second Lieutenant Ecaterina Teodoroiu would make her first contribution to the Romanian Campaign. On 27 October, a German unit had succeeded in breaking through the center

Jean Sylvia Marshall, born in Birmingham, England, is a Canadian immunologist and acting Professor and Head of the Department of Microbiology & Immunology at Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Marshall's work has investigated how mast cells are involved in the early immune response to infection and antigen, she is best known for her discovery of the unknown degranulation-independent immunoregulatory roles of mast cells in infection and allergy and their ability to mobilize dendritic cells. Marshall's current research relates to studying innate immunity and local immune events and environment, her work spans many fields, including immunology, allergy, mast cell biology, chronic inflammatory disease, innate immunity, cancer biology. Her lab has a special interest in toll-like receptors in mucosal immune regulation. Marshall attended high school in Loughborough and completed a Bachelor of Science in Biochemistry at the University of Manchester in 1980, she received a PhD in immunology from Machester, investigating regulation of IgE and the generation of autoantibodies to it in1983.

Her PhD supervisor was the first to describe CD45 expression on memory T cells. After her PhD, she completed postdoctoral fellowships at the University of Manchester and at McMaster University in Hamilton, Canada under the supervision of John Bienenstock, one of the fathers of mucosal immunology, she was appointed assistant professor in the Department of Pathology at McMaster University in 1989, associate professor in 1993. She moved to a position of associate professor in the Departments of Microbiology & Immunology and Pathology at Dalhousie University in 1997, became Full Professor in 1999. In 2005 she became the Head of the Department of Immunology. Marshall has had a continued interest in mast cell biology and how it relates to many fields including Immunology, Inflammation, Cancer, as well as others. Through her PhD she studied the regulation of IgE and how it coordinates immune responses through interacting with receptors on mast cells. In her career she studied mast cells more directly, characterizing their functions and receptors, in in the context of virus infection.

She determined that mast cells are involved in the response to viruses, was the first to describe their specific response to Dengue virus infection. She went on to further characterize mast cells and their surface receptors, including TLR2 which she discovered was critical for mast cell signalling during the response to cancer. One of her discoveries relates to the degranulation-independent roles of mast cells and their ability to mobilize dendritic cells during the early immune response to infection or antigen, her early work characterizing the role of the histamine receptor on mast cells has now become relevant to the context of cancer. She has completed murine studies looking at how over the counter Histamine 2 receptor antagonists, such as Ranitidine, can slow or reduce the growth of tumors such as those in breast cancer. S 2019: Hardy Cinader Award, Canadian Society for Immunology Dalhousie Arthur B. Macdonald Chair, CIHR J. S. Marshall. Mast cell responses to pathogens. Nature Reviews Immunology.

4:787-799 Cited 864 timesaccordingto GoogleScholar McCurdy JD, Olynych TJ, Maher LH, Marshall JS. Cutting edge: distinct Toll-like receptor 2 activators selectively induce different classes of mediator production from human mast cells. Journal of Immunology. 2003 Feb 15. Cited 404 times according to Google Scholar Dawicki W, Marshall JS. New and emerging roles for mast cells in host defence. Current opinion in immunology. 2007 Feb 1. Cited 307 times according to Google Scholar McCurdy JD, Lin TJ, Marshall JS. Toll‐like receptor 4‐mediated activation of murine mast cells. Journal of leukocyte biology. 2001 Dec. Cited 235 times according to Google Scholar Marshall JS, Jawdat DM. Mast cells in innate immunity. Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2004 Jul 1. Cited 230 times according to Google Scholar