1.
Seth Gordon
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Seth Gordon is an American film director, producer, screenwriter, and film editor. He has produced and directed for film and television, including for PBS, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and his films have screened at the Sundance Film Festival and Slamdance Film Festival. Gordon grew up in Evanston, Illinois and he attended Yale University where he studied architecture until leaving in 1997 to teach high school for six months in the small village of Shimanyiro, Kenya. While there he helped secure United Nations financing to finish construction of a school, upon returning to Yale, Gordon taught himself how to edit his footage on an Avid editing machine. Gordon directed the game company Zyngas GagaVille online film in 2010 and he co-created and is an executive producer of the Fox television series Breaking In. Gordon directed the pilot of Sneaky Pete for Amazon Studios, which he produces with Bryan Cranston. A season of episodes has been ordered by Amazon Studios and is in production, in July 2015 it was announced that Gordon would direct Baywatch, with Dwayne Johnson and Zac Efron attached to star. Gordon has directed music videos and commercials, and an episode each of Modern Family and Community. He was a director and executive producer on NBCs Marry Me. Gordon is a director and he will also serve as a director and executive producer on the Netflix series Atypical. Seth Gordon at the Internet Movie Database The King of Kong, A Fistful of Quarters
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Brett Ratner
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Brett Ratner is an American film producer, entertainment businessman, and director of motion pictures, music videos, and television. He is known for directing the Rush Hour film series, The Family Man, Red Dragon, X-Men, The Last Stand, and Tower Heist. He was also a producer on the Fox drama series, Prison Break and he is the co-founder of RatPac-Dune Entertainment, a prolific film production and financing company. Ratner was born and raised in Miami Beach, Florida, the son of Marsha Pratts, a socialite and he grew up in a middle-class Jewish family. His father was the son of a wealthy Miami businessman and his mother was born in Cuba, and immigrated to the U. S. in the 1960s with her parents, Fanita and Mario Presman. Ratners mother was sixteen when he was born, Ratner attended Rabbi Alexander S. Gross Hebrew Academy elementary school and attended Alexander Muss High School in Israel and graduated in 1986 from Miami Beach Senior High School. He is a 1990 graduate of New York University, in 2010, he cited the 1980 boxing film Raging Bull as his inspiration to enter the world of film. Ratner was under consideration to direct X-Men and Superman Returns, although both were directed by Bryan Singer. After Singer left the X-Men franchise to direct Superman Returns, Ratner became director of X-Men, Ratner directed a Super Bowl ad for Wynn Las Vegas featuring Steve Wynn. In May 2008, it was announced that Ratner would be directing the long in-development Beverly Hills Cop IV, Ratner directed and served as an executive producer on the 2011 CBS comedy-drama television series CHAOS. In the same year, Ratner also directed the ensemble comedy caper Tower Heist, in May 2011, it was announced that Ratner signed on to direct The 39 Clues, the live-action adaptation of the young-adult book series. Ashton Kutcher later arrived at his home and hugged him after Jackman was punkd. He also appeared as himself in Entourage, in an episode that was shot at his actual Beverly Hills home, according to an interview he did in Aventura Business Monthly and his publishing company, Rat Press, is re-releasing out of print books about Hollywood. The first three books, released on March 25,2009, are about Marlon Brando, Robert Evans, brett Ratner also created his own magazine titled Ratmag through celebrity magazine publisher MYMAG. Ratner produced a remake of Snow White, Mirror Mirror, based on the screenplay The Brothers Grimm, Ratner has produced feature films, TV series, and documentaries. He executive produced the 2010 documentary film, Catfish and the 2011 TV documentary, American Masters, Ratner also produced Skyline and Horrible Bosses. In December 2012, Ratner and Australian media mogul James Packer formed a joint venture, the firm will produce independent films and co-produce big-budget films with a major studio. RatPac and Dune Entertainment formed an investment vehicle, which in September 2013, entered a multi-year
3.
John Francis Daley
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John Francis Daley is an American actor, screenwriter, film director, and musician. He plays keyboards and sings for the band Dayplayer, in 2011, Daley co-wrote the box office hit Horrible Bosses with his writing partner Jonathan M. Goldstein. Daley was born in Wheeling, Illinois, to R. F, Daley, an actor, and Nancy Daley, a piano teacher. His father is of Irish Catholic background, while his mother is Jewish and he grew up in Nyack, New York, where he played Danny in Nyack Middle Schools production of Grease. Daley began acting when he was cast as Young Tommy in the U. S. and he was #94 on VH1s 100 Greatest Teen Stars. In 2001, he co-directed a short film titled What Babies Do and he also wrote and starred in the comedy short Friday Night. In 2005, he appeared in the film Waiting. and in the Fox sitcom Kitchen Confidential, in 2007, Daley joined the cast of the Fox drama series Bones, portraying psychologist Lance Sweets. He co-wrote the season six episode The Truth in the Myth with his writing partner Jonathan Goldstein, Daley was also featured in the music video for Mercy Kiss by Abandoned Pools. In 2011, Daley and his writing partner Jonathan M. Goldstein wrote the black comedy Horrible Bosses, in 2013, Daley co-wrote The Incredible Burt Wonderstone with Goldstein, Daley also has a cameo in the film as a paramedic. In 2013, the two were hired to write Cal of the Wild for DreamWorks Studios, john plays Ben House in Rapture-Palooza. Daley went on to write the story for the sequel to Horrible Bosses, Daley and Goldstein co-wrote and co-directed the 2015 film Vacation, the latest installment of the National Lampoons Vacation film series, starring Ed Helms and Christina Applegate. In July 2015, Daley and Goldstein confirmed that they write the screenplay for the 2017 film Spider-Man. John Francis Daley at the Internet Movie Database Interview with Daley Mercy Kiss music video by Abandoned Pools, featuring Daley
4.
Jason Bateman
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Jason Kent Bateman is an American actor, director and producer. He began acting on television in the early 1980s on Little House on the Prairie, in the 2000s, he became known for his role of Michael Bluth in the critically acclaimed sitcom Arrested Development, for which he won a Golden Globe, and a Satellite Award. He has had starring roles in the films, Juno, Hancock, Up in the Air, The Switch, Paul, Horrible Bosses, The Change-Up, Identity Thief, Bad Words, Horrible Bosses 2, The Gift, Bateman was born in Rye, New York. His mother, Victoria Elizabeth, a flight attendant for Pan Am, was English, born in Shrewsbury. His father, Kent Bateman, is an actor, writer and director of film and television, Bateman is the younger brother of Family Ties actress Justine Bateman. Bateman was four years old when his family moved to Salt Lake City, Utah, from 1982 to 1984, he was a supporting character on the television show Silver Spoons as Ricky Schroders bad boy best friend Derek Taylor. He appeared in the Knight Rider third-season episode Lost Knight in 1984, in 1987, he appeared with Burt Reynolds on the mens team in the inaugural week of game show Win, Lose or Draw. Bateman earned the status of teen idol in the mid-1980s for his television work and he became the Directors Guild of Americas youngest-ever director when he helmed three episodes of The Hogan Family at the age of eighteen. After the series ended its run, he gained recognition in the motion picture sequel Teen Wolf Too. In 1994, he played opposite legendary actors Katharine Hepburn and Anthony Quinn in the television film This Cant Be Love. During this period, he had roles on four series—Simon, Chicago Sons, George & Leo and he also directed an episode of Two of a Kind in 1999. In 2002, he played the frisky sibling of Thomas Janes character in the feature film The Sweetest Thing, in 2003, Bateman was cast as Michael Bluth in the comedy series Arrested Development. Although critically acclaimed, the series never achieved high ratings and ended on February 10,2006, the show was revived in spring 2013. Bateman won several awards for his work on the series, including a Golden Globe for Best Actor in a Television Series Musical or Comedy and he was also nominated in 2005 for the Emmy Award for Outstanding Actor in a Comedy Series. New episodes of Arrested Development have been released on Netflix with the original cast, in 2006, he appeared as a guest star on the Scrubs episode My Big Bird as Mr. Sutton, a garbage man with a flock of vicious ostriches as pets. In 2009, Bateman became a voice actor for the short-lived Fox comedy series Sit Down. He voiced Larry Littlejunk, the gym teacher and only member that can teach. In 2010, Bateman and Arrested Development co-star Will Arnett created DumbDumb Productions and their first video was Prom Date, the first in a series of Dirty Shorts for Orbit
5.
Charlie Day
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Charles Peckham Charlie Day is an American actor, screenwriter, producer, comedian, and musician. He is best known for playing Charlie Kelly on Its Always Sunny in Philadelphia. On film, he is known for his role as Dale in the films Horrible Bosses and its 2014 sequel, as well as for his roles in Monsters University, Pacific Rim, The Lego Movie, Day was born in New York City. His mother, Mary, was a teacher at The Pennfield School in Portsmouth. His father, Dr. Thomas Charles Day, is a professor of music history at Salve Regina University in Newport. His mother has English, Irish, and Welsh ancestry, while his father is of Irish, Day spent most of his childhood in Middletown, Rhode Island. Day attended Pennfield School and graduated from the Portsmouth Abbey School and he starred on the baseball team at the Portsmouth Abbey School, playing shortstop for the Ravens. In 1998, he received a degree from Merrimack College in North Andover. At Merrimack, he was active in the Onstagers, Merrimacks student theater organization and he also played varsity baseball for the Warriors baseball team. During the summers of his years, he was active in the training programs at the Williamstown Theatre Festival in Williamstown. In 2014, he received a doctorate in performing arts from Merrimack. Day has written and improvised some of the featured in Its Always Sunny in Philadelphia. He has also appeared on other television shows such as Third Watch, Law & Order. He appeared in New Line Cinemas Horrible Bosses in July 2011, with Jason Bateman, Jason Sudeikis, Kevin Spacey, Jennifer Aniston, Colin Farrell and he also had a role in the 2010 film Going the Distance, alongside Justin Long, Jason Sudeikis, and Drew Barrymore. In 2013, he voiced the character Art in the Pixar animated film Monsters University, Day is set to reprise his role for the Pacific Rim sequel. Day has also been a producer for the television shows How to Be a Gentleman, Day hosted the November 5,2011 episode of Saturday Night Live with Maroon 5 as the musical guest. He was the second cast member from Its Always Sunny in Philadelphia to host SNL, deVito made a special appearance during Days opening monologue. In September 2014, Day provided his voice for The Sims 4 TV spots, Day has been married to actress Mary Elizabeth Ellis since March 4,2006
6.
Jason Sudeikis
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Daniel Jason Sudeikis, better known as Jason Sudeikis, is an American comedian, actor, screenwriter and producer. He began his career in improv comedy, in 2003, he was hired as a sketch writer for Saturday Night Live and was a cast member from 2005 to 2013. He has appeared on television in 30 Rock, The Cleveland Show, Eastbound & Down, The Last Man on Earth, Son of Zorn, Sudeikis was born Daniel Jason Sudeikis in Fairfax, Virginia, a suburb of Washington, D. C. His mother, Kathryn, was formerly an agent at Brennco and was president of the American Society of Travel Agents. His father, Daniel Joseph Sudeikis, is a president of business development. His maternal uncle is actor George Wendt, best known for his role as Norm Peterson on Cheers, Sudeikis is of Lithuanian and Irish descent on his fathers side, and German and Irish ancestry on his mothers. As a child, Sudeikis moved with his family to Overland Park, Kansas and he was born with anosmia, leaving him with no sense of smell and virtually no sense of taste. Sudeikis began performing at ComedySportz in Kansas City, after moving to Chicago, Sudeikis studied at the Annoyance Theatre and ImprovOlympic, where he was one of the founding members of the long-form team J. T. S. He was later cast in The Second Citys National Touring Company, in the early 2000s, he became a founding member of Second City Las Vegas. In 2003, while a performer at Second City Las Vegas, Sudeikis was hired as a sketch writer for Saturday Night Live. In May 2005, he became a player on the show. In July 2013, Sudeikis announced that he was leaving Saturday Night Live, in the earlier sketches, Officer Sikorskys last name was Matthews. Dancer on What Up with That, a background dancer often dressed in a red. The Ed Helms/Paul Simon episode reveals that his name is Vance. One half of Bon Jovi opposite band Jon Bovi appearing on Weekend Update with Will Forte DJ Supersoak, emcee for Kickspit Underground Music with Lil Blaster and MC George Castanza. He has appeared in the Underground Rock Minute, the Crunkmas Karnival, the Kickspit Underground Easter Festival, the Columbus Day Assblast, the Devil, who often comes on Weekend Update to point out religious and moral hypocrisy on Earth. Jack Rizzoli, an anchor at WXPD News who always tells veteran reporter Herb Welch to do his job, marshall T. Boudreaux, The host of the courtroom reality show, Maine Justice. Sudeikis had a role on the NBC series 30 Rock with friend Tina Fey in early 2007
7.
Jennifer Aniston
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Jennifer Joanna Aniston is an American actress, producer, and businesswoman. She is the daughter of Greek-born actor John Aniston and American actress Nancy Dow, the character was widely popular during the airing of the series and was later recognized as one of the 100 greatest female characters in United States television. Aniston has played the female protagonist in a number of comedies and her box office hits include Bruce Almighty, The Break-Up, Marley & Me, Just Go with It, Horrible Bosses, and Were the Millers, each of which have grossed over US$200 million in worldwide receipts. Her other films include Along Came Polly and Hes Just Not That Into You, in 2008, she co-founded the production company Echo Films. In 2012, Aniston received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame and she is one of the highest paid actresses in Hollywood, and as of 2014, her net worth is estimated to be US$150 million. She has also included in magazines lists of the worlds most beautiful women. People magazine named Aniston The Most Beautiful Woman in 2004 and 2016, divorced from actor Brad Pitt, to whom she was married for five years, she has been married to actor Justin Theroux since 2015. Aniston was born in Sherman Oaks, California, the daughter of actor John Aniston and her father is Greek, while her mother was born in New York City. One of her maternal great-grandfathers was an Italian immigrant, and her mothers ancestry includes English, Irish, Scottish. Aniston has two half-brothers, John Melick, her older maternal half-brother, and Alex Aniston, her younger paternal half-brother, Anistons godfather was actor Telly Savalas, one of her fathers best friends. As a child, Aniston lived in Greece for a year with her family and they then moved to Eddystone, Pennsylvania, where they lived with her grandmother Stella Anastassakis in a three-bedroom home. While living in Eddystone, Aniston was enrolled at a elementary school. She and her family moved to New York City. Despite her fathers career, Aniston was discouraged from watching TV. When she was six, she began attending a Waldorf school and her mother and father split up when she was nine years old. Her father is best known for his role as Victor Kiriakis on the NBC daytime drama Days of Our Lives and her mother appeared in two 1960s TV series, The Wild Wild West and The Beverly Hillbillies. In 2015, she spoke about an incident that led to her lifelong fear of water. She stated during an event for her film Cake, I basically have a real fear of going underwater
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Colin Farrell
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Colin James Farrell is an Irish actor. During that time, he appeared in Steven Spielbergs science fiction thriller Minority Report. After starring in the independent films Intermission and A Home at the End of the World, Farrell headed Oliver Stones biopic Alexander and Terrence Malicks The New World. Farrell starred in the comedy-horror film Fright Night and the action film Total Recall. He also starred in the Niels Arden Oplev action film Dead Man Down, in 2014, Farrell starred as Peter Lake in the supernatural fable Winters Tale, an adaptation of the novel of the same name by Mark Helprin. In 2016, he portrayed Percival Graves in the Harry Potter spin-off film Fantastic Beasts, Farrell was born in Castleknock, Dublin, Ireland, the son of Rita and Eamon Farrell. His father played football for Shamrock Rovers FC and ran a food shop. When he was 9 years old, he moved to Dublin and his uncle, Tommy Farrell, also played for Shamrock Rovers. Farrell has a brother, Eamon, Jr. and two sisters, Claudine and Catherine. Claudine works as his personal assistant, when Farrell was 10, his family moved to the Dublin suburb of Castleknock. Farrell was educated at St. Brigids National School, followed by secondary school at Castleknock College and he unsuccessfully auditioned for the Irish musical group Boyzone around this time. Farrell was inspired to try acting when Henry Thomas performance in E. T. the Extra-Terrestrial moved him to tears, as an 18-year-old travelling in Sydney, he was at one time suspected for attempted murder. The police sketch looked remarkably like him and he had even described blacking out during the night in question, Farrell also appeared in Ordinary Decent Criminal with Kevin Spacey and Linda Fiorentino, a film loosely based on the life of Martin Cahill. In 2000, Farrell was cast in the role of Private Roland Bozz in Tigerland. He reportedly got the part on the basis of his charm, emanuel Levy of Variety said that Farrell shines as the subversive yet basically decent lad whose cynicism may be the only sane reaction to a situation. Michael Holden of The Guardian wrote that Farrell was too much the hero to fit the classic rebel archetype properly, Farrells next American films, American Outlaws and Harts War, were not commercially successful. His 2002–2003 films, including Phone Booth, The Recruit and S. W. A. T, were well received by critics and successful at the box office. Of Phone Booth, Ebert wrote that it is Farrells to win or lose, since hes onscreen most of the time, philip French of The Observer praised Farrells performance
9.
Kevin Spacey
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Kevin Spacey Fowler, better known as Kevin Spacey, is an American actor, film director, producer, screenwriter, and singer. He began his career as an actor during the 1980s before obtaining supporting roles in film. In Broadway theatre, Spacey won a Tony Award for his role in Lost in Yonkers and he was the artistic director of the Old Vic theatre in London from 2004 until stepping down in mid-2015. Since 2013, Spacey has played Frank Underwood in the Netflix political drama series House of Cards, Spacey was born in South Orange, New Jersey, to Kathleen Ann, a secretary, and Thomas Geoffrey Fowler, a technical writer and data consultant. He has two siblings, a sister, Julie, and a brother, Randy. He has English, Swedish, and Welsh ancestry and his family relocated to Southern California when Spacey was four years old. He attended Northridge Military Academy, Canoga Park High School, and then Chatsworth High School in Chatsworth, California, where he graduated co-valedictorian of his class in 1977. At Chatsworth, Spacey starred in the senior production of The Sound of Music. He took Spacey as his stage name, several reports have incorrectly suggested that he took his name in tribute to actor Spencer Tracy, combining Tracys first and last names. He had tried to succeed as a comedian for several years, before attending the Juilliard School in New York City, during this time period, Spacey performed stand-up comedy in bowling alley talent contests. Spaceys first professional appearance was as a spear carrier in a New York Shakespeare Festival performance of Henry VI. The following year, he made his first Broadway appearance, as Oswald in a production of Henrik Ibsens Ghosts, then he portrayed Philinte in Molières The Misanthrope. In 1984, he appeared in a production of David Rabes Hurlyburly, next came Anton Chekhovs The Seagull. In 1986, he appeared in a production of Sleuth in a New Jersey dinner theatre, Lemmon in particular would become a mentor to Spacey. He made his first major appearance in the second-season premiere of Crime Story. Although his interest soon turned to film, Spacey remained actively involved in the theater community. In 1991, he won a Tony Award for his portrayal of Uncle Louie in Neil Simons Broadway hit Lost in Yonkers, Spaceys father was unconvinced that Spacey could make a career for himself as an actor, and did not change his mind until Spacey became well-known. Some of Spaceys early roles include a widowed eccentric millionaire on L. A. Law, the television miniseries The Murder of Mary Phagan, opposite Lemmon, and he earned a fan base after playing the criminally insane arms dealer Mel Profitt on the television series Wiseguy
10.
Jamie Foxx
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Eric Marlon Bishop, known professionally by his stage name Jamie Foxx, is an American actor, singer, songwriter, record producer and comedian. The same year, he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in the crime film Collateral, eric Marlon Bishop was born in Terrell, Texas on December 13,1967. He is the son of Darrell Bishop, who worked as a stockbroker. Shortly after his birth, Foxx was adopted and raised by his mothers parents, Esther Marie, a domestic worker and nursery operator, and Mark Talley. He has had contact with his birth parents, who were not part of his upbringing. Foxx was raised in the quarter of Terrell, which at the time was a racially segregated community. He has often acknowledged his grandmothers influence in his life as one of the greatest reasons for his success, Foxx began playing the piano when he was five years old. He had a strict Baptist upbringing, and as a teenager he was a part-time pianist and choir leader in Terrells New Hope Baptist Church. His natural talent for telling jokes was already in evidence as a third grader, Foxx attended Terrell High School, where he received top grades and played basketball and football. His ambition was to play for the Dallas Cowboys, and he was the first player in the history to pass for more than 1,000 yards. He also sang in a band called Leather and Lace, after completing high school, Foxx received a scholarship to United States International University, where he studied classical music and composition. Foxx first told jokes at a comedy clubs open mic night in 1989, when he found that female comedians were often called first to perform, he changed his name to Jamie Foxx, feeling that it was a name ambiguous enough to disallow any biases. He chose his surname as a tribute to the black comedian Redd Foxx, Foxx joined the cast of In Living Color in 1991, where his recurrent character Wanda also shared a name with Redds friend and co-worker, LaWanda Page. Following a recurring role in the comedy-drama sitcom Roc, Foxx went on to star in his own sitcom The Jamie Foxx Show, Foxx made his film debut in the 1992 comedy Toys. His first dramatic role came in Oliver Stones 1999 film Any Given Sunday, in 1994, Foxx released an album entitled Peep This, which was not successful due to low album sales. In 2003, Foxx made a cameo in Benzinos music video for Would You, which features LisaRaye McCoy and Mario Winans. In 2003, Foxx featured on the rapper Twistas song, Slow Jamz, together with Kanye West, in 2005, Foxx featured on the single Georgia by Atlanta rappers Ludacris and Field Mob, which sampled Ray Charles hit Georgia on My Mind. Foxx would also portray Ray Charles in the biographical film Ray, for which he won the Academy Award for Best Actor, Foxx is the second male in history to receive two acting Oscar nominations in the same year for two different movies, Collateral and Ray
11.
New Line Cinema
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New Line Cinema is an American film studio that was founded in 1967 by Robert Shaye as a film distribution company, later becoming an independent film studio. It became a subsidiary of the Turner Broadcasting System in 1994 before Turner merged with Time Warner in 1996, currently, its films are distributed by Warner Bros. New Line Cinema was established in 1967 by the then 27-year-old Robert Shaye as a distribution company, supplying foreign. Shaye operated New Lines offices out of his apartment at 14th Street, one of the companys early successes was its distribution of the 1936 anti-cannabis propaganda film Reefer Madness, which became a cult hit on American college campuses in the early 1970s. New Line also released many classic films, like Stay As You Are, Immoral Tales. The studio has released many of the films of John Waters. In 1976, New Line secured funding to produce its first full-length feature, Stunts, although not considered a critical success, the film performed well commercially on the international market and on television. New Line then produced or co-produced three more films in 1981 and 1983, Alone in the Dark, Xtro and Polyester, a Nightmare on Elm Street was produced and released by New Line in 1984. The resulting franchise was New Lines first commercially successful series after a financial slump. The film was made on a budget of $1.8 million and it was the first film to feature the actor Johnny Depp. A year later, A Nightmare on Elm Street 2, Freddys Revenge was released, and grossed $3.3 million in its first three days of release and over $30 million at the domestic box office. A Nightmare on Elm Street 3, Dream Warriors was released in 1987, in November 1990, New Line purchased a 52% stake in the television production company RHI Entertainment, which would later be sold to Hallmark Cards. In May 1991, New Line purchased the video and foreign rights to 600 films held by Sultan Entertainment Holdings. The deal also included an 11-film distribution deal with Turner subsidiary Castle Rock Entertainment, on November 27,1991, New Line purchased Sultan outright. On January 28,1994, New Line Cinema was acquired by the Turner Broadcasting System, New Line Cinema was kept as its own separate entity, while fellow Turner-owned studios Hanna-Barbera Productions and Castle Rock Entertainment eventually became units of Warner Bros. In 2007, New Line Cinema and Castle Rock Entertainment collaborated on the 2007 film Fracture, during its time as an entity separate from Warner Bros. New Line Cinema operated several divisions, including distribution, marketing. It was also a partner in founding a new company named Picturehouse in 2005
12.
Warner Bros.
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Entertainment Inc. – colloquially known as Warner Bros. or Warner Bros. It is one of the Big Six major American film studios, Warner Bros. is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America. The companys name originated from the four founding Warner brothers, Harry, Albert, Sam, Jack, the youngest, was born in London, Ontario. The three elder brothers began in the theater business, having acquired a movie projector with which they showed films in the mining towns of Pennsylvania. In the beginning, Sam and Albert Warner invested $150 to present Life of an American Fireman and they opened their first theater, the Cascade, in New Castle, Pennsylvania, in 1903. When the original building was in danger of being demolished, the modern Warner Bros. called the current building owners, the owners noted people across the country had asked them to protect it for its historical significance. In 1904, the Warners founded the Pittsburgh-based Duquesne Amusement & Supply Company, in 1912, Harry Warner hired an auditor named Paul Ashley Chase. By the time of World War I they had begun producing films, in 1918 they opened the first Warner Bros. studio on Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood. Sam and Jack produced the pictures, while Harry and Albert, along with their auditor and now controller Chase, handled finance and distribution in New York City. During World War I their first nationally syndicated film, My Four Years in Germany, on April 4,1923, with help from money loaned to Harry by his banker Motley Flint, they formally incorporated as Warner Brothers Pictures, Incorporated. The first important deal was the acquisition of the rights to Avery Hopwoods 1919 Broadway play, The Gold Diggers, however, Rin Tin Tin, a dog brought from France after World War I by an American soldier, established their reputation. Rin Tin Tin debuted in the feature Where the North Begins, the movie was so successful that Jack signed the dog to star in more films for $1,000 per week. Rin Tin Tin became the top star. Jack nicknamed him The Mortgage Lifter and the success boosted Darryl F. Zanucks career, Zanuck eventually became a top producer and between 1928 and 1933 served as Jacks right-hand man and executive producer, with responsibilities including day-to-day film production. More success came after Ernst Lubitsch was hired as head director, lubitschs film The Marriage Circle was the studios most successful film of 1924, and was on The New York Times best list for that year. Despite the success of Rin Tin Tin and Lubitsch, Warners remained a lesser studio, Sam and Jack decided to offer Broadway actor John Barrymore the lead role in Beau Brummel. The film was so successful that Harry signed Barrymore to a contract, like The Marriage Circle. By the end of 1924, Warner Bros. was arguably Hollywoods most successful independent studio, as the studio prospered, it gained backing from Wall Street, and in 1924 Goldman Sachs arranged a major loan
13.
TCL Chinese Theatre
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Originally known as Graumans Chinese Theatre, it was renamed Manns Chinese Theatre in 1973, the name lasted until 2001, after which it reverted to its original name. On January 11,2013, Chinese electronics manufacturer TCL Corporation officially purchased the naming rights. The original Chinese Theatre was commissioned following the success of the nearby Graumans Egyptian Theatre, built by a partnership headed by Sid Grauman over 18 months starting in January 1926, the theatre opened May 18,1927, with the premiere of Cecil B. DeMilles film The King of Kings and it has since been home to many premieres, including the 1977 launch of George Lucas Star Wars, as well as birthday parties, corporate junkets, and three Academy Awards ceremonies. In 2013 the Chinese Theatre partnered with IMAX Corporation to convert the house into a custom designed IMAX theater, the newly renovated theater seats 932 people and features one of the largest movie screens in North America. After his success with the Egyptian Theatre, Sid Grauman turned to Charles E. Toberman to secure a lease on property at 6925 Hollywood Blvd. Toberman contracted the firm of Meyer & Holler, designer of the Egyptian, Grauman financed and owned a one-third interest in the Chinese Theatre, his partners—Mary Pickford, Douglas Fairbanks, and Howard Schenck—owned the remainder. The principal architect of the Chinese Theatre was Raymond M. Kennedy, during construction, Grauman hired Jean Klossner to formulate an extremely hard concrete for the forecourt of the theatre. Klossner later became known as Mr. Footprint, performing the footprint ceremonies from 1927 through 1957, many stories exist to explain the origins of the footprints. The theatres official account in its books and souvenir programs credit Norma Talmadge as having inspired the tradition when she stepped into the wet concrete. While we were building the theatre, I accidentally happened to step in some soft concrete, so, I went to Mary Pickford immediately. Mary put her foot into it and his autograph and handprint, dated 1927, remain today. The theatres third founding partner, Douglas Fairbanks, was the celebrity, after Talmadge. In 1929, Sid Grauman decided to retire and sell his share to William Foxs Fox Theatres chain, Grauman remained as the theatres managing director for the entire run of Hells Angels, retiring once again after its run finished. But, unsatisfied with retirement, Grauman returned to the theatre as managing director on Christmas Day 1931, one of the highlights of the Chinese Theatre has always been its grandeur and décor. In 1952, John Tartaglia, the artist of nearby Saint Sophia Cathedral and he would later continue the work of Jean Klossner, by recommendation of J. Walter Bantau, for the Hollywood Footprint Ceremonies. Tartaglia performed his first ceremony as a Master Mason for Jean Simmons in 1953, for the premiere of The Robe, the Chinese Theatre was declared a historic and cultural landmark in 1968, and has undergone various restoration projects in the years since then. Ted Mann, owner of the Mann Theatres chain and husband of actress Rhonda Fleming, from then until 2001 it was known as Manns Chinese Theatre
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Black comedy
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Black comedy or dark comedy is a comic style that makes light of subject matter that is generally considered taboo. Literary critics have associated black comedy and black humor with authors as early as the ancient Greeks with Aristophanes, Black comedy corresponds to the earlier concept of gallows humor. The term black humor was coined by the Surrealist theorist André Breton in 1935 while interpreting the writings of Jonathan Swift. Bretons preference was to some of Swifts writings as a subgenre of comedy and satire in which laughter arises from cynicism and skepticism. Scholars have associated black humor with authors as early as the ancient Greeks with Aristophanes, Breton coined the term for his book Anthology of Black Humor, in which he credited Jonathan Swift as the originator of black humor and gallows humor, and included excerpts from 45 other writers. This victims suffering is trivialized, which leads to sympathizing with the victimizer, as found in the social commentary. Black humor is also related to that of the grotesque genre. Breton identified Swift as the originator of black humor and gallows humor, particularly in his pieces Directions to Servants, A Modest Proposal, A Meditation Upon a Broom-Stick, the terms black comedy or dark comedy have been later derived as alternatives to Bretons term. Bruce Jay Friedman, in his anthology entitled Black Humor, imported the concept of comedy to the United States. He labeled many different authors and works with the idea, arguing that they shared the literary genre. The Friedman label came to prominence in the 1950s and 1960s, early American writers who employed black humor were Nathanael West and Vladimir Nabokov. In 1965 a mass-market paperback titled Black Humor, was released and this was one of the first American anthologies devoted to the conception of black humor as a literary genre, the publication also sparked nationwide interest in black humor. Among the writers labeled as black humorists by journalists and literary critics are Roald Dahl, Thomas Pynchon, Kurt Vonnegut, Warren Zevon, John Barth, Joseph Heller, popular themes of the genre include violence, discrimination, disease, sexuality, religion and barbarism. Comedians, like Lenny Bruce, that since the late 1950s have been labeled for using sick comedy by mainstream journalists, have also labeled with black comedy. By contrast, blue comedy focuses more on crude topics such as nudity, sex, in obscene humor, much of the humorous element comes from shock and revulsion, while black comedy might include an element of irony, or even fatalism. For example, the black comedy self-mutilation appears in the English novel Tristram Shandy. Tristram, five years old at the time, starts to urinate out of a window for lack of a chamber pot. The sash falls and circumcises him, his family reacts with both chaotic action and philosophic digression, cringe comedy Comedy horror Macabre Off-color humor
15.
Los Angeles
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Los Angeles, officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L. A. is the cultural, financial, and commercial center of Southern California. With a census-estimated 2015 population of 3,971,883, it is the second-most populous city in the United States, Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated county in the United States. The citys inhabitants are referred to as Angelenos, historically home to the Chumash and Tongva, Los Angeles was claimed by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo for Spain in 1542 along with the rest of what would become Alta California. The city was founded on September 4,1781, by Spanish governor Felipe de Neve. It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence, in 1848, at the end of the Mexican–American War, Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, thereby becoming part of the United States. Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4,1850, the discovery of oil in the 1890s brought rapid growth to the city. The completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1913, delivering water from Eastern California, nicknamed the City of Angels, Los Angeles is known for its Mediterranean climate, ethnic diversity, and sprawling metropolis. Los Angeles also has an economy in culture, media, fashion, science, sports, technology, education, medicine. A global city, it has been ranked 6th in the Global Cities Index, the city is home to renowned institutions covering a broad range of professional and cultural fields, and is one of the most substantial economic engines within the United States. The Los Angeles combined statistical area has a gross metropolitan product of $831 billion, making it the third-largest in the world, after the Greater Tokyo and New York metropolitan areas. The city has hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 1932 and 1984 and is bidding to host the 2024 Summer Olympics and thus become the second city after London to have hosted the Games three times. The Los Angeles area also hosted the 1994 FIFA mens World Cup final match as well as the 1999 FIFA womens World Cup final match, the mens event was watched on television by over 700 million people worldwide. The Los Angeles coastal area was first settled by the Tongva, a Gabrielino settlement in the area was called iyáangẚ, meaning poison oak place. Gaspar de Portolà and Franciscan missionary Juan Crespí, reached the present site of Los Angeles on August 2,1769, in 1771, Franciscan friar Junípero Serra directed the building of the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, the first mission in the area. The Queen of the Angels is an honorific of the Virgin Mary, two-thirds of the settlers were mestizo or mulatto with a mixture of African, indigenous and European ancestry. The settlement remained a small town for decades, but by 1820. Today, the pueblo is commemorated in the district of Los Angeles Pueblo Plaza and Olvera Street. New Spain achieved its independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, during Mexican rule, Governor Pío Pico made Los Angeles Alta Californias regional capital
16.
The War of the Roses (film)
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The War of the Roses is a 1989 American black comedy film based upon the 1981 novel The War of the Roses by Warren Adler. The film follows a couple with a seemingly perfect marriage. When their marriage begins to fall apart, material possessions become the center of an outrageous and this is the third film to co-star Michael Douglas, Kathleen Turner, and Danny DeVito, after Romancing the Stone and its sequel, The Jewel of the Nile. DeVito directed the film, which also had producer James L. Brooks, the opening title sequence was created by Saul Bass. In both the novel and the film, the couples family name is Rose, and the title is an allusion to the battles between the Houses of York and Lancaster at the end of the Middle Ages. Lawyer Gavin DAmato is in his office discussing a case with a client. Noticing the mans determination to divorce his wife, Gavin decides to tell him the story of one of his clients,17 years earlier, Oliver Rose, a student at Harvard Law School, meets Barbara at an auction, where they bid on the same antique. Oliver chats Barbara up and they become friends, when Barbara misses her ferry home, the two end up spending the night together at a local hotel. Eventually the two marry and have two children, Josh and Carolyn, over the years, the Roses grow richer, and Barbara finds an old mansion whose owner has recently died, purchases it and devotes her time to making a home there. As a result, both Josh and Carolyn become very obese at an age, and do not try to lose weight until they graduate from high school. Oliver, for his part, cannot understand what he has done to earn Barbaras growing contempt, despite his controlling, self-centered, and generally dismissive behavior toward her. When Oliver believes he is suffering an attack, the day after an argument. She tells him so, adding that she no longer loves him and wants a divorce, feeling that it might not be wise to represent himself, Oliver hires Gavin as his legal counsel on a retainer. Tension arises between Oliver and Barbara during negotiations when it becomes clear that she wants the house and everything in it, when Barbaras lawyer uses Olivers final love note to her as leverage against him in their legal battle, she refuses to back down. Barbara initially throws Oliver out of the house, but he moves back in after discovering a loophole in the divorce that allows him to stay until their divorce is finalized. As a result, Barbara immediately begins plotting to remove Oliver herself, in an effort to win the house, Oliver offers his wife a generous monthly alimony, as well as half of everything they have. Barbara becomes more stubborn and wants everything, including the house and all of it contents as well as the cars, pets, Barbara claims that she has earned it by putting the house together and making it home they both wanted. She raised his children in the house and in her mind the home belongs to her, Oliver refuses to accept her terms, claiming that he had to work to provide for her, the family, and the home
17.
Racism
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Racism is discrimination and prejudice towards people based on their race or ethnicity. Today, the use of the term racism does not easily fall under a single definition, the Holocaust is the classic example of institutionalized racism which led to the death of millions of people based on their race. Ethnicity is often used in a close to one traditionally attributed to race. Therefore, racism and racial discrimination are often used to describe discrimination on an ethnic or cultural basis, according to a United Nations convention on racial discrimination, there is no distinction between the terms racial and ethnic discrimination. Racist ideology can become manifest in many aspects of social life, Racism can be present in social actions, practices, or political systems that support the expression of prejudice or aversion in discriminatory practices. Associated social actions may include nativism, xenophobia, otherness, segregation, hierarchical ranking, supremacism, in the 19th century, many scientists subscribed to the belief that the human population can be divided into races. The term racism is a noun describing the state of being racist, the origin of the root word race is not clear. Linguists generally agree that it came to the English language from Middle French, a recent proposal is that it derives from the Arabic ras, which means head, beginning, origin or the Hebrew rosh, which has a similar meaning. Early race theorists generally held that some races were inferior to others and these early theories guided pseudo-scientific research assumptions, the collective endeavors to adequately define and form hypotheses about racial differences are generally termed scientific racism. To date, there is evidence in human genome research indicating that race can be defined in such a way as to be useful in a genetic classification of humans. An entry in the Oxford English Dictionary defines racialism simply as An earlier term than racism, but now superseded by it. The revised Oxford English Dictionary cites the shortened term racism in a quote from the year,1903. It was first defined by the Oxford English Dictionary as he theory that human characteristics and abilities are determined by race. Additionally, the Oxford English Dictionary records racism as a synonym of racialism, as its history indicates, popular use of the word racism is relatively recent. The word came into usage in the Western world in the 1930s, when it was used to describe the social and political ideology of Nazism. It is commonly agreed that racism existed before the coinage of the word, garner summarizes different existing definitions of racism and identifies three common elements contained in those definitions of racism. First, a historical, hierarchical power relationship between groups, second, a set of ideas about racial differences, and, third, the UDHR was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1948. They are born equal in dignity and rights and all form a part of humanity
18.
Misogyny
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Misogyny is the hatred of, contempt for, or prejudice against women or girls. Misogyny can occasionally be found within sacred texts of religions and mythologies, according to sociologist Allan G. Johnson, misogyny is a cultural attitude of hatred for females because they are female. Johnson argues that, Misogyny. is a part of sexist prejudice and ideology and. Misogyny is manifested in different ways, from jokes to pornography to violence to the self-contempt women may be taught to feel toward their own bodies. Dictionaries define misogyny as hatred of women and as hatred, dislike, the counterpart of misogyny is misandry, the hatred or dislike of men, the antonym of misogyny is philogyny, the love or fondness of women. The term misogyny itself comes directly into English from the Ancient Greek word misogunia, the earlier, longer, and more complete passage comes from a moral tract known as On Marriage by the stoic philosopher Antipater of Tarsus. Antipater argues that marriage is the foundation of the state, and he uses misogunia to describe the sort of writing the tragedian Euripides eschews, stating that he reject the hatred of women in his writing. He then offers an example of this, quoting from a lost play of Euripides in which the merits of a wife are praised. The other surviving use of the original Greek word is by Chrysippus, in a fragment from On affections, here, misogyny is the first in a short list of three disaffections—women, wine and humanity. Chrysippus point is more abstract than Antipaters, and Galen quotes the passage as an example of a contrary to his own. What is clear, however, is that he groups hatred of women with hatred of humanity generally and it was the prevailing medical opinion of his day that wine strengthens body and soul alike. So Chrysippus, like his fellow stoic Antipater, views misogyny negatively, as a disease and it is this issue of conflicted or alternating emotions that was philosophically contentious to the ancient writers. Ricardo Salles suggests that the general view was that man may not only alternate between philogyny and misogyny, philanthropy and misanthropy, but be prompted to each by the other. Aristotle has also accused of being a misogynist, he has written that women were inferior to men. The Timaeus warns men that if they live immorally they will be reincarnated as women, the Republic contains a number of comments in the same spirit, evidence of nothing so much as of contempt toward women. Even Socrates words for his bold new proposal about marriage, suggest that the women are to be held in common by men. He never says that the men might be held in common by the women, misogynist is also found in the Greek—misogunēs —in Deipnosophistae and in Plutarchs Parallel Lives, where it is used as the title of Heracles in the history of Phocion. It was the title of a play by Menander, which we know of from seven of Strabos 17 volume Geography
19.
Horrible Bosses 2
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Horrible Bosses 2 is a 2014 American comedy film directed by Sean Anders and written by Anders and John Morris. A sequel to 2011s Horrible Bosses, the film stars Jason Bateman, Charlie Day, Jason Sudeikis, Jennifer Aniston, Jamie Foxx, Chris Pine and it was released on November 26,2014 by Warner Bros. The film grossed $107.7 million worldwide, Nick Hendricks, Dale Arbus, and Kurt Buckman decide to start their own business after tiring of working for ungrateful bosses. Their idea is a shower head called the Shower Buddy. They have trouble finding investors until they are approached by Bert Hanson, Bert admires their commitment to manufacturing the product themselves, while Rex prefers to outsource to China, and agrees to invest if they can make 100,000 units. Taking out a loan, the three rent a warehouse, hire employees, and manage to produce their output. Seeking financial advice, Nick, Dale, and Kurt visit Nicks old boss, Dave Harken, in prison, the three then resolve to kidnap Rex and hold him for ransom. They seek the help of Motherfuckah Jones, who says the best way to kidnap someone who knows them is to keep the victim unconscious for the duration of the kidnapping. The three create a note asking for $500,000 and go to the office of Dales old boss, Dr. Julia Harris. The trio goes to Rexs house, but while they hide in the closet, Dale accidentally turns on the tank, when they wake up in the morning, they find Rex gone. When they arrive back at the warehouse, they find Rex tied up in the trunk of their car. Rex gets out and reveals he found hiding in his closet. Rex sent the note to his dad and increased the ransom to $5 million. The three are uncertain of Rexs plan, but Rex threatens to go to the if they back out. They call Bert to inform him of Rexs kidnapping, threatening to kill Rex if Bert calls the cops, however, the police, led by Detective Hatcher, subsequently arrive at their warehouse to question Nick, Dale, and Kurt due to their involvement with Bert. When the police leave, Rex breaks down, knowing Bert cares more about his money than his son, while the plan is in motion, Nick, Dale, and Kurt find that Kurt left Bert his own phone instead of the untraceable one. They nevertheless call Bert on Kurts phone to him the instructions. Before they leave, Julia arrives at their room and demands to sleep with Dale or else she will report them for breaking into her office
20.
Lindsay Sloane
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Lindsay Sloane Leikin-Rollins is an American actress. Sloane is best known for playing Valerie Birkhead in Sabrina the Teenage Witch and she has also starred in films such as Bring It On, Shes Out of My League, The Other Guys, Horrible Bosses and its sequel Horrible Bosses 2. Sloane was born on Long Island, New York, the daughter of Renée, a librarian, and Joey Leikin. She was raised in a Jewish family, after moving to Los Angeles, Sloane signed with an agent at the age of eight. Her mother once drove her to an audition through the 1992 LA Riots and her first recurring television role was as Alice Pedermeir on The Wonder Years from 1991 to 1993. She played Zoey Miller for seven episodes on the short-lived NBC sitcom Mr. Rhodes and she auditioned unsuccessfully for many roles in a number of television shows including Blossom and Full House. Sloane also appeared in episodes of Dharma & Greg, My So-Called Life, That 70s Show, The West Wing, Entourage, Greg the Bunny, How I Met Your Mother, The League, and Psych. Sloane was featured in the season of Weeds, playing Maxeen. Most recently, she appears in the main cast of the CBS sitcom The Odd Couple as Emily. Her film résumé includes roles in Bring It On, Exposed, The In-Laws, Nancy Drew, Sabrina Down Under, Over Her Dead Body, Shes Out of My League, The Other Guys and she voiced the older sister in Why, Charlie Brown, Why. As well as a guest role as Stephanie in Mr. Sunshine, Sloane also appears in the movie Horrible Bosses as Charlie Days characters fiancee Stacy, in 2004, Sloane married Dar Rollins, an agent for International Creative Management. The couple have one daughter, Maxwell Lue, born in January 2012, in December 2016, it was announced the couple are expecting a second child in the summer of 2017. Lindsay Sloane at the Internet Movie Database
21.
Donald Sutherland
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Donald McNichol Sutherland, OC is a Canadian actor whose film career spans six decades. Since then, he established himself as one of the most respected, prolific, Sutherland has been nominated for eight Golden Globe Awards, winning two for his performances in the television films Citizen X and Path to War, the former also brought him a Primetime Emmy Award. Inductee of Hollywood Walk of Fame and Canadian Walk of Fame, several media outlets and movie critics describe him as one of the best actors who has never been nominated for an Oscar. He is father of actors Rossif Sutherland, Angus Sutherland, Sutherland was born in Saint John, New Brunswick, the son of Dorothy Isobel and Frederick McLea Sutherland, who worked in sales and ran the local gas, electricity and bus company. He is of Scottish, German and English ancestry, as a child, he battled rheumatic fever, hepatitis, and poliomyelitis. His teenage years were spent in Bridgewater, Nova Scotia and he obtained his first part-time job, at the age of 14, as a news correspondent for local radio station CKBW. Sutherland graduated from Bridgewater High School and he then studied at Victoria College, University of Toronto, where he met his first wife Lois Hardwick, and graduated with a double major in engineering and drama. He had at one point been a member of the UC Follies comedy troupe in Toronto and he changed his mind about becoming an engineer, and left Canada for Britain in 1957, studying at the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art. After quitting the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art, Sutherland spent a year, in the early to mid-1960s, Sutherland began to gain small roles in British films and TV. He featured alongside Christopher Lee in horror films such as Castle of the Living Dead and he also had a supporting role in the Hammer Films production Die. With Tallulah Bankhead and Stefanie Powers, in 1966, Sutherland appeared in the BBC TV play Lee Oswald-Assassin, playing a friend of Lee Harvey Oswald, Charles Givens. In 1967, he appeared in The Superlative Seven, an episode of The Avengers and he also made a second, and more substantial appearance in The Saint. The episode, Escape Route, was directed by the star, Roger Moore. They came to view a rough cut and he got The Dirty Dozen, the film, which starred Lee Marvin and Charles Bronson, was the 5th highest-grossing film of 1967 and MGMs highest-grossing movie of the year. In 1968, after the breakthrough in the UK-filmed The Dirty Dozen and he then appeared in two war films, playing the lead role as Hawkeye Pierce in Robert Altmans MASH in 1970, and, again in 1970, as hippie tank commander Oddball in Kellys Heroes. He stars with Gene Wilder in the 1970 comedy Start the Revolution Without Me, during the filming of the Academy Award-winning detective thriller Klute, Sutherland had an intimate relationship with co-star Jane Fonda. Sutherland and Fonda went on to co-produce and star together in the anti-Vietnam War documentary F. T. A, consisting of a series of sketches performed outside army bases in the Pacific Rim and interviews with American troops who were then on active service. A follow up to their teaming up in Klute, Sutherland and Fonda performed together in Steelyard Blues and his role as Corpse of Lt. Robert Schmied in the Maximilian Schells 1976 German film-directed End of the Game is listed in crazy credits
22.
Hitman
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Contract killing is a form of murder in which one party hires another party to kill a target individual or group of people. It involves an agreement between two or more parties in which one party agrees to kill the target in exchange for some form of payment. Either party may be a person, group, or an organization, contract killing has been associated with organized crime, government conspiracies and with vendettas. For example, in the United States, the gang Murder, contract killing provides the hiring party with the advantage of not having to commit the actual killing, making it more difficult for law enforcement to connect said party with the murder. In the United States, the United Kingdom, and many other countries, any contract to commit an indictable offense is not enforceable under contract law. Thus, if a hitman takes the money but then fails or refuses to perform, conversely, if the hitman performs the killing as promised but the customer refuses to pay, the hitman cannot sue the customer for monetary damages. Furthermore, both the killer and the person who paid the killer can be found guilty of murder. In some U. S. jurisdictions with capital punishment, a contract killing may be a special circumstance that allows for the contractor as well as the killer to receive the death penalty, criminal code statutes prohibiting solicitation of murder are also intended to curb contract killings. The study also found that the payment for a hit was $15,000 with variation from $5,000 up to $30,000. Contract killings accounted for 2% of murders in Australia during that time period, contract killings also make up a relatively similar percentage of all killings elsewhere. For example, they made up about 5% of all murders in Scotland from 1993 to 2002, Siegel was also the Italian mobs main hitman during Prohibition. Vincent Coll, an Irish-American hitman who worked for Dutch Schultz, li Fuguo, a Tang Dynasty Eunuch killed by a hitman hired by Emperor Tang Daizong. Shiori Ino, a 21-year-old University student killed by hitman Yoshifumi Kubota and he was paid by her ex-boyfriend and his brother, the case gained some notoriety in Japan. Grady Stiles, freak show performer whose family hired a hitman to kill him because of his abusiveness, Harry Greenberg, a Mafia associate of Charles Lucky Luciano, Meyer Lansky, and Siegel. He was killed by Siegel, Whitey Krakower, Albert Tannenbaum, Joe Masseria, was a Mafia boss that was murdered by Siegel, Vito Genovese, and Lepke Buchalter in 1931. Salvatore Maranzano, was a Castellammarese Mafia boss and rival to Masseria in the Castellammarese War and was killed by Siegel, benjamin Siegel, Las Vegas mob boss and Flamingo Hotel owner, killed by unknown assailants in 1947. Nicole Doucet Ryan attempted to hire an undercover Royal Canadian Mounted Police officer to kill her husband, after ruling she could not use the defense of duress, the Supreme Court of Canada ordered she not be retried. Tim Lambesis, former vocalist of metal bands As I Lay Dying, Austrian Death Machine and Pyrithion
23.
EpiPen
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An epinephrine autoinjector is a medical device for injecting a measured dose or doses of epinephrine by means of autoinjector technology. It is most often used for the treatment of anaphylaxis, the first epinephrine autoinjector was brought to market in the 1980s. Epinephrine autoinjectors are hand-held devices carried by those who have severe allergies, when anaphylaxis is suspected, epinephrine solution should be injected into the thigh muscle as soon as possible. The injection may be repeated every 5 to 15 minutes if there is insufficient response. A second dose is needed in 16–35% of episodes with more than two doses rarely required, in around 80% of the cases where a dose is administered. It is not clear which are the people who might need an injection at the outset. The intramuscular route is preferred over subcutaneous administration because the latter may have delayed absorption, minor adverse effects from epinephrine include tremors, anxiety, headaches, and palpitations. The epinephrine in autoinjectors expires after one year, people to whom epinephrine autoinjectors are prescribed need to be trained how to use the specific device prescribed. The rate of unintentional injections using these devices is unknown but a 2009 review found that the rate is increasing, unintentional injections are delivered to a finger or thumb around 90% of the time, they cause intense pain locally but usually completely resolve. The cause of unintentional injections has been attributed to design flaws, another design of epinephrine autoinjectors was created by two brothers who were also users of epinephrine autoinjectors. They realized the inconveniences of carrying bulky autoinjectors and decided to come up with a new device to address the problems while they were in colleges, the brothers split to study different fields with a shared goal to create a new device. One brother took a major and the other took a pre-medical track. Eventually, they came up with a design that has the shape, the new device also has retractable needle and automated voice instructions to assist the users on how to correctly use the autoinjectors. The product was launched with the brand Auvi-Q, autoinjectors were originally developed for the rapid administration of nerve gas antidotes in kits like the Mark I NAAK. In 1996, Survival Technology merged with a company called Brunswick Biomedical, in 1997, Dey, a subsidiary of Merck KGaA, acquired the exclusive right to market and distribute the EpiPen. In 1998 there was a recall of one million EpiPens, the second such recall in a year. In 2001 Meridian and Dey introduced a version of the EpiPen, at that time the device had $23.9 million in annual sales. In 2002 King Pharmaceuticals acquired Meridian for $247.8 million in cash, kaplan continued to improve his designs over the years, filing for example US Patent 6,767,336 in 2003
24.
Julie Bowen
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Julie Bowen Luetkemeyer, known professionally as Julie Bowen, is an American actress. She is best known for playing Carol Vessey on Ed, Denise Bauer on Boston Legal, Sarah Shephard on Lost, the latter earned her six nominations for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series, winning in 2011 and 2012. Bowen has also appeared in such as Happy Gilmore, Multiplicity, Venus and Mars, Joe Somebody, Kids in America, Sex and Death 101, Crazy on the Outside, Jumping the Broom. Bowen was born in Baltimore, Maryland, the middle of three daughters of Suzanne and John Alexander Luetkemeyer, Jr. a commercial real estate developer, one of her paternal great-great-grandfathers was John V. Le Moyne, a Representative from Illinois, and one of her great-great-great-grandfathers was Magnus Miller Murray, two-time Mayor of Pittsburgh and she studied at Brown University, majoring in Italian Renaissance studies. She spent her year in Florence, Italy. During college, she had roles in Guys and Dolls, Stage Door, before graduating, she had the lead role in the independent film Five Spot Jewel. Among other places, Bowen studied acting at the Actors Institute, Bowen had a role in the soap opera Loving and an episode of the college drama Class of 96. She had the role in the television film Runaway Daughters. She played the love interest of the character in Happy Gilmore. She appeared in the films Multiplicity and An American Werewolf in Paris and she has had guest roles on television series such as Party of Five and Strange Luck. Bowen had a role as Roxanne Please on ER. She first gained prominence on the television series Ed, where she played high school English teacher Carol Vessey and she then guest starred as Sarah Shephard in five episodes of Lost. She also played attorney Denise Bauer on the series Boston Legal and she was a spokesmodel for Neutrogena, most recently advertising the Pure Glow products. She appeared on an episode of Jeopardy, since 2009, Bowen has starred as Claire Dunphy on the ABC sitcom Modern Family. For her portrayal, she received six consecutive Primetime Emmy Award nominations for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series, winning the award in 2011 and 2012. Bowen told an interviewer that winning an Emmy Award is more like German soldiers in the trenches of the wars. Bowen has had a pacemaker since her early twenties because of a condition where the regular heartbeat can drop to dangerously low levels
25.
Traffic camera
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A traffic camera is a video camera which observes vehicular traffic on a road. A monitoring center receives the video in real time. Traffic cameras are a part of most intelligent transportation systems. They are especially valuable in tunnels, where safety equipment can be activated remotely based upon information provided by the cameras, on surface roads, they are typically mounted on high poles or masts, sometimes along with street lights. On arterial roads, they are mounted on traffic light poles at intersections. In remote areas without easy reach of the electrical grid, they are usually powered by another means such as solar power. Traffic cameras are distinct from road safety cameras, which are put in places to enforce rules of the road. Many transmit in the legacy analog NTSC and PAL formats, depending on location, some have a compass built in which displays the cardinal direction at which the camera is aimed, though many providers also provide a reference image of a shot with the cardinal direction. Many transportation departments have linked their networks to the Internet on online websites. They may show either streaming video or still imagery which refreshes at a set interval of seconds or minutes, in the United States and Canada, these often are displayed on state or municipally-run 5-1-1 websites. These traffic images are combined with road sensors which measure traffic timing to provide a full picture of traffic conditions. Many states and provinces consider this information public domain, thus many television stations air live traffic camera imagery during their own reports on their local news broadcasts. Map of live cameras in U. S
26.
Snow Falling on Cedars (film)
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Snow Falling on Cedars is a film directed by Scott Hicks. It is based on David Gutersons award-winning novel of the same title and it was released in 1999 and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Cinematography. The trial occurs in the midst of deep anti-Japanese sentiments following World War II, covering the case is the editor of the towns one-man newspaper, Ishmael Chambers, a World War II veteran who lost an arm fighting the Japanese in the Pacific War. Ishmael struggles with his childhood, and continuing, love for Kazuos wife, Hatsue, spearheading the prosecution are the towns sheriff, Art Moran, and prosecutor, Alvin Hooks. Leading the defense is the old, experienced attorney Nels Gudmundsson, an underlying theme throughout the trial is prejudice. Several witnesses, including Etta Heine, Carls mother, accuse Kazuo of murdering Carl for racial and personal reasons, Etta is a stereotypical anti-Japanese person, she represents the part of America that persecuted Japanese Americans during the Second World War. This stance is not without irony, as Kazuo, experienced prejudice because of his ancestry, by the same standard, Etta, a German American, could be blamed for Nazi war crimes. Also involved in the trial is Ole Jurgensen, an man who sold his strawberry field to Carl. The strawberry field is an issue during the trial. The land was owned by Carl Heine Sr. The Miyamotos lived in a house on the Heines land and picked strawberries for Carl Sr. Kazuo, Kazuos father eventually approached Carl Sr. about purchasing 7 acres of the farm. Though Etta opposed the sale, Carl Sr. agreed, the payments were to be made over a ten-year period. However, before the last payment was made, war erupted between the U. S. and Japan, and all islanders of Japanese ancestry were forced to relocate to internment camps, in 1944, Carl Sr. died and Etta sold the land to Ole. When Kazuo returned after the war, he was extremely bitter toward Etta for reneging on the land sale, when Ole suffered a stroke and decided to sell the farm, he was approached by Carl Jr. hours before Kazuo arrived, to try to buy the land back. During the trial, the land is presented as a family feud, Ishmael realises that Carl was thrown overboard by the force of the freighters wake. Despite the bitterness he feels at Hatsues rejection, Ishmael comes forward with the new information, the charges against Kazuo are dismissed. Hatsue thanks Ishmael by allowing him to hold her one last time, scenes of Maines Portland Head Light were filmed during the ice storm of 1998
27.
Ashton Kutcher
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Christopher Ashton Kutcher is an American actor and investor. Kutcher began his career as a model and began his career portraying Michael Kelso in the Fox sitcom That 70s Show. He made his debut in the romantic comedy Coming Soon and became known by audiences in the comedy film Dude. In 2004, Kutcher starred in the role of the psychological film The Butterfly Effect. Kutcher subsequently appeared in romantic comedies, including Guess Who, A Lot Like Love, What Happens in Vegas. From 2011 to 2015, he starred as Walden Schmidt on the CBS sitcom Two, in 2013, Kutcher portrayed Steve Jobs in the biographical film Jobs. Kutcher was born in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, to Diane, a Procter & Gamble employee, and Larry M. Kutcher and his father is of Czech descent, while his mother is of Czech, German, and Irish ancestry. Kutcher was raised in a relatively conservative Catholic family and he has an older sister named Tausha and a fraternal twin brother named Michael, who had a heart transplant when the brothers were young children. Michael also has cerebral palsy and is a spokesperson for the advocacy organization Reaching for the Stars, michaels cardiomyopathy caused Kutchers home life to become increasingly stressful. He has said that he didnt want to come home and find more bad news about his brother, stating, Kutcher attended Washington High School in Cedar Rapids for his freshman year, before his family moved to Homestead, Iowa, where he attended Clear Creek Amana High School. During high school, he developed a passion for acting and appeared in school plays, however, Kutchers home life worsened as his parents divorced when he was 16. During his senior year, he broke into his school at midnight with his cousin in an attempt to steal money. Kutcher was convicted of burglary and sentenced to three years probation and 180 hours of community service. Kutcher stated that although the experience straightened him out, he lost his girlfriend and anticipated college scholarships, Kutcher enrolled at the University of Iowa in August 1996, where his planned major was biochemical engineering, motivated by the desire to find a cure for his brothers heart ailment. At college, Kutcher was kicked out of his apartment for being too noisy, Kutcher stated, I thought I knew everything but I didnt have a clue. I was partying, and I woke up many mornings not knowing what I had done the night before, I am amazed I am not dead. To earn money for his tuition, Kutcher worked as a college summer hire in the department for the General Mills plant in Cedar Rapids. While at the University of Iowa, he was approached by a scout at a bar called The Airliner in Iowa City, Iowa
28.
Going the Distance (2010 film)
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Going the Distance is a 2010 American romantic comedy film directed by Nanette Burstein and written by Geoff LaTulippe. Erin Langford is a 31-year-old woman who is having trouble pacing her life and she is still in grad school and she recently got a job as a summer intern at a newspaper in New York. While out with a friend at a bar, she meets Garrett, the two then drink together and end up at his place, where they smoke from a bong and have sex while Garretts roommate Dan DJs their hook up. The next morning, Erin is anxious to leave but Garrett asks her to have breakfast with him and she then tells him that she is only in New York for six weeks and is not looking for a relationship. He agrees to keep things casual, Erin and Garrett start having a fling, but they soon develop feelings for each other, and Erin tries to convince her boss to find her a permanent position. Before the end of her internship, she writes a well-received article, meanwhile, Garrett, who works at a record label, is given an assignment to manage a band he does not like, and is starting to dislike his job. They both continue with their fling, but when the six weeks are up they find it difficult to let go. Over the next couple of months Erin and Garrett spend all their free time texting and calling one another trying to work out times when one of them can fly in, Garrett surprises Erin by showing up on Thanksgiving and they have a very emotional reunion. When they go to Erins sister Corrines house, they start to have sex on the dining table while, unbeknownst to them, Erins brother-in-law. Corrine eventually walks in and there is an awkward moment, the next day, Erin and Garrett are out to see The Boxer Rebellion, and they agree that the band is good. Garrett gets jealous when he sees that Erin is friends with Damon, Garrett eventually has to leave and goes back to New York. In January, Erin calls her summer internship boss and asks him about the possibility of a job and her boss tells her they are not hiring—that in fact they have just laid off 100 employees. Not finding comfort in a conversation with Garrett, she goes and gets drunk with Damon and almost kisses him. Later, her professor mentions that he recommended her for a position at the San Francisco Chronicle, meanwhile, Garrett tries to have phone sex with Erin, but it does not go well. A month later as Erin is packing to go to New York she gets a call from the Chronicle letting her know that she is hired and she goes to New York and tells Garrett, and the two have a fight. The next day they make up and he asks her to make the decision whether or not to accept the job, a week later he calls her and tells her he wants her to move to New York so that they can live together and start fresh. She agrees and he goes to San Francisco to sort things out, six months later Erin is doing well with her career, having written her first front page story, and Garrett has not been with any woman since Erin. He quits his job and starts managing The Boxer Rebellion, the first band he and he sends Erin tickets to their show and she goes, not knowing that he is the manager
29.
Reuters
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Reuters /ˈrɔɪtərz/ is an international news agency headquartered in London, England. It is a division of Thomson Reuters, until 2008, the Reuters news agency formed part of an independent company, Reuters Group plc, which was also a provider of financial market data. Since the acquisition of Reuters Group by the Thomson Corporation in 2008, Reuters transmits news in English, French, Arabic, Spanish, German, Italian, Portuguese, Russian, Japanese, Korean, Urdu, and Chinese. The Reuter agency was established in 1851 by Paul Julius Reuter in Britain at the London Royal Exchange, Paul Reuter worked at a book-publishing firm in Berlin and was involved in distributing radical pamphlets at the beginning of the Revolutions in 1848. Upon moving to England, he founded Reuters Telegram Company in 1851, headquartered in London, the company initially covered commercial news, serving banks, brokerage houses, and business firms. The first newspaper client to subscribe was the London Morning Advertiser in 1858, Reuters agency built a reputation in Europe and the rest of the world as the first to report news scoops from abroad. Reuters was the first to report Abraham Lincolns assassination in Europe, for instance, in 1872, Reuters expanded into the far east, followed by South America in 1874. Both expansions were made possible by advances in overland telegraphs and undersea cables, in 1883, Reuters began transmitting messages electrically to London newspapers. In 1923, Reuters began using radio to transmit news internationally, in 1925, The Press Association of Great Britain acquired a majority interest in Reuters, and full owners some years later. During the world wars, The Guardian reported that Reuters came under pressure from the British government to national interests. In 1941 Reuters deflected the pressure by restructuring itself as a private company, the new owners formed the Reuters Trust. In 1941, the PA sold half of Reuters to the Newspaper Proprieters Association, the Reuters Trust Principles were put in place to maintain the companys independence. At that point, Reuters had become one of the major news agencies. In 1961, Reuters scooped news of the erection of the Berlin Wall, in 1981, Reuters began making electronic transactions on its computer network, and afterwards developed a number of electronic brokerage and trading services. Reuters was floated as a company in 1984, when Reuters Trust was listed on the stock exchanges such as the London Stock Exchange. Reuters published the first story of the Berlin Wall being breached in 1989, share price grew during the dotcom boom, then fell after the banking troubles in 2001. In 2002, Brittanica wrote that most news throughout the world came from three major agencies, the Associated Press, Reuters, and Agence France-Presse, Reuters merged with Thomson Corporation in Canada in 2008, forming Thomson Reuters. In 2009, Thomson Reuters withdrew from the LSE and the NASDAQ, instead listing its shares on the Toronto Stock Exchange, the last surviving member of the Reuters family founders, Marguerite, Baroness de Reuter, died at age 96 on 25 January 2009
30.
Cruella de Vil
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The character became a pop-culture type epitomizing a person who is very, very mean. Cruella ranked 39th on AFIs list 100 Years.100 Heroes, Cruellas name is a pun of the words cruel and devil, an allusion which is emphasized by having her country house nicknamed Hell Hall. In some translations, for instance in Polish, Cruella De Vil is known as Cruella De Mon, in Italian, she is called Crudelia De Mon. In the French translation of the Disneys animated movie, she is referred as Cruella DEnfer, in Dutch, the name remains De Vil, while by coincidence the Dutch verb for skinning is Villen and Vil is the conjugation of this verb for the first person singular. She was a student with black and white plaits, and was expelled for drinking ink. However, she appears to be on terms with Mrs. Dearly when they encounter each other at the beginning of the novel. In all her incarnations, Cruella kidnaps 97 or 99 Dalmatian puppies for their fur, the One Hundred and One Dalmatians describes Cruella as the last of her prosperous and notorious family, with a personal net worth of GB£6 million. She is married to a furrier, whose first name is never mentioned, however, it is revealed that in contrast to the usual patriarchal custom, he has adopted his wifes surname as his own, in an effort to carry on her family name. Cruella is portrayed as the figure in the marriage, and her husband as a meek, subservient man who seldom speaks. When Cruella has guests for dinner, all of her food is strangely-colored, the flat is portrayed as a luxurious version of Hell, with all the rooms being made of marble and colored garishly in green, red or purple. Her guests also meet her abused white Persian cat whom Cruella admits she detests, upon a second visit to the house she picks up the mature puppies and treats them like clothing to be worn. Cruella also makes a appearance, albeit asleep, in Dodie Smiths sequel. Disney based its version of Cruella on the personality and mannerisms of Tallulah Bankhead, the cool detachment of the original character was replaced by a crazed mania, in which Cruella only barely clung to a sheen of glamour. For unexplained reasons, Cruellas cat and husband were omitted from the Disney version, Cruella drives a very distinctive automobile, colored red and black, based on a 1936 Alvis Speed 20 SD Drophead Coupe. In the film, Cruella has become wealthy off her collection of fur coats. She makes fun of Anita Radcliffe and her husband Roger for making a living from songwriting, Cruella desires to make a fur coat from the Radcliffes Dalmatians, and promises to return in three weeks to collect the puppies when they are born. Upon the night of the birth, Cruella is at first dismayed to find their coats completely spotless. Cruella makes an offer to buy the puppies, all the while mocking Roger for his career and splattering Roger
31.
Comb over
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A comb over or combover is a hairstyle worn by bald or balding men in which the hair is grown long and combed over the bald area to minimize the evidence of baldness. Sometimes the part is lowered so that hair can be used to cover the balding area. In Japan, men with comb overs are called bar code men, the barcode style is called bākōdo na kamigata. In 2004, Donald J. Smith and his father, Frank J. Smith, of Orlando, patent 4,022,227, a variation of the comb over that conceals baldness by combing long hair in three separate directions. The Emperor Constantine combed his hair forward to disguise his receding hairline, algerian president Abdelaziz Bouteflika is known for his comb over in Algeria and neighbouring countries. Belarus president Alexander Lukashenko is known and often mocked for his comb over, cambodias President of the National Assembly, Heng Samrin. Chinas Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, Wang Qishan, germanys former CDU chairman Rainer Barzel was known as a comb over owner. Singapores former Speaker of the Parliament, Tan Soo Khoon had a combover in the 1980s to conceal his receding hairline, in Spain, the Basque nationalist politician Iñaki Anasagasti is noted for his comb over, and has lent his name to comb overs. United States Senator and former 2008 U. S, presidential nominee, John McCain of the state of Arizona has a comb over. American general and war-hero Douglas MacArthur was known for wearing an extreme comb over that he hid under his military hat. World Cup winner Bobby Charlton was noted for his comb over in the UK, purdue University basketball coach Gene Keady wore his hair in a comb over for decades until 2013, when he shaved it off at the behest of his fiancee. He told a reporter in 2014 that he spent $600 a week on the hairstyle that included hair extensions, the former chairman of the UK game show Call My Bluff, Robert Robinson, is known as the king of the comb over in the UK. In the 1980s UK television photo booth advertisements for Hamlet cigars, mr. Combover was a character on Nickelodeons live action show, Neds Declassified School Survival Guide. and was played by. Mr. Combover is the choir and music appreciation teacher and he also runs the school plays. Hes known for liking the arts and classical artists like Mozart and Beethoven. He is also a High School music teacher in the mornings, american business magnate and president Donald Trump has been lampooned for his comb over. Vanity Fair described it as a two-directional double combover, made visible in harsh lighting, cautioning that it should not be confused with a classic side-part comb-over, Time magazine published a four-step guide to emulating Trumps grooming process. Stephen Marche described the unique comb over at length, Behind the technical display of the comb-over, as counterpoint, it’s such a classic that I have only seen it in movies set in the 1950s
32.
Tom Cruise
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Thomas Cruise Mapother IV, known professionally as Tom Cruise, is an American actor and producer. He has been nominated for three Academy Awards and has won three Golden Globe Awards and he started his career at age 19 in the film Endless Love. After portraying supporting roles in Taps and The Outsiders, his first leading role was in the romantic comedy Risky Business, Cruise became a full-fledged movie star after starring as Pete Maverick Mitchell in the action drama Top Gun. One of the biggest movie stars in Hollywood, Cruise starred in more successful films in the 1980s, including the dramas The Color of Money, Cocktail, Rain Man. In 2012, Cruise was Hollywoods highest-paid actor,16 of his films grossed over $100 million domestically,22 have grossed in excess of $200 million worldwide. In 2002, Cruise won the Saturn Award for Best Actor for Vanilla Sky, in 2003, he won an AFI Movie of the Year Award for The Last Samurai and an Empire Award for Best Actor for Minority Report. Cruise is an advocate for the Church of Scientology and its associated social programs. Cruise was born in Syracuse, New York, the son of Mary Lee, a special teacher, and Thomas Cruise Mapother III. He has three sisters, Lee Anne, Marian, and Cass and they are of English, German, and Irish ancestry. One of Cruises paternal great-great-great-grandfathers, Patrick Russell Cruise, was born in north County Dublin in 1799, he married Teresa Johnson in County Meath and they left Ireland for the United States that same year and settled in New York. They had a daughter, Mary Paulina Russell Cruise, whose son Thomas Cruise Mapother was Cruises great-grandfather, a cousin, William Mapother, is also an actor, he and Cruise have appeared in five films together. Cruise grew up in poverty, and had a Catholic upbringing. The family was dominated by his father, whom Cruise has described as a merchant of chaos. Cruise has said that he was beaten by his father, whom he has called a bully and he stated, He was the kind of person where, if something goes wrong, they kick you. It was a lesson in my life—how hed lull you in, make you feel safe and then. For me, it was like, Theres something wrong with this guy, Cruise spent part of his childhood in Canada. His family moved to Beacon Hill, Ottawa, in late 1971 so that Cruises father could take a position as a consultant with the Canadian Armed Forces. There, Cruise attended the newly opened Robert Hopkins Public School for much of grade four, in grade four, Cruise first became involved in drama, under the tutelage of George Steinburg
33.
Philip Seymour Hoffman
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Philip Seymour Hoffman was an American actor, director, and producer of film and theater. Best known for his supporting and character roles – typically lowlifes, bullies. Drawn to theater as a teenager, Hoffman studied acting at New York Universitys Tisch School of the Arts and he began his screen career in a 1991 episode of Law & Order and started to appear in films in 1992. He began to play leading roles, and for his portrayal of the author Truman Capote in Capote. The feature Jack Goes Boating marked his debut as a filmmaker, Hoffman was also an accomplished theater actor and director. He joined the off-Broadway LAByrinth Theater Company in 1995, where he directed, produced and his performances in three Broadway plays – True West, Long Days Journey into Night, and Death of a Salesman – all led to Tony Award nominations. Hoffman struggled with drug addiction as an adult, and relapsed in 2013 after many years of sobriety. Hoffman was born on July 23,1967, in the Rochester suburb of Fairport and his mother, Marilyn OConnor, came from nearby Waterloo and worked as an elementary school teacher before becoming a lawyer and eventually a family court judge. His father, Gordon Stowell Hoffman, was a native of Geneva, New York, along with one brother, Gordy, Hoffman had two sisters, Jill and Emily. Hoffman was baptized a Roman Catholic and attended Mass as a child and his parents divorced when he was nine, leaving the children to be raised primarily by their mother. Hoffmans childhood passion was sports, particularly wrestling and baseball, and he recalled in 2008, I was changed – permanently changed – by that experience. It was like a miracle to me, Hoffman developed a love for the theater, and proceeded to attend regularly with his mother, who was a lifelong enthusiast. He remembered that productions of Quilters and Alms for the Middle Class, at the age of 14, Hoffman suffered a neck injury that ended his sporting activity, and he began to consider acting. Encouraged by his mother, he joined a club. Acting gradually became a passion for Hoffman, I loved the camaraderie of it, the people, and thats when I decided it was what I wanted to do. At the age of 17, he was selected to attend the 1984 New York State Summer School of the Arts in Saratoga Springs, Miller later commented on Hoffmans popularity at the time, We were attracted to the fact that he was genuinely serious about what he was doing. Hoffman applied for several drama degree programs and was accepted to New York Universitys Tisch School of the Arts, between starting on the program and graduating from Fairport High School, he continued his training at the Circle in the Square Theatres summer program. Hoffman had positive memories of his time at NYU, where he supported himself by working as an usher, with friends, he co-founded the Bullstoi Ensemble acting troupe
34.
Jeff Bridges
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Jeffrey Leon Jeff Bridges is an American actor, singer, and producer. He comes from a prominent acting family and appeared on the television series Sea Hunt, with his father, Lloyd Bridges and brother, Beau Bridges. His other films include Tron, Jagged Edge, The Fabulous Baker Boys, The Fisher King, Fearless, The Big Lebowski, Seabiscuit, Iron Man, Tron, Legacy, jeffrey Leon Bridges was born on December 4,1949, in Los Angeles, California. He is the son of show business parents, actor Lloyd Bridges and actress and his older brother, Beau Bridges, is also an actor. He has a sister, Lucinda, and had another brother, Garrett. His maternal grandfather was an English emigrant from Liverpool, Bridges and his siblings were raised in the Holmby Hills section of Los Angeles. Growing up, Bridges shared a relationship with his brother Beau. He graduated from University High School in 1967, at age 17, Jeff toured with his father in a stage production of Anniversary Waltz. After graduating from school, Bridges moved to New York City. Also, after turning 18, Bridges joined the United States Coast Guard Reserve, Bridges made his first screen appearance at the age of almost two years in The Company She Keeps in 1951. In his youth, Bridges and brother Beau made occasional appearances on their fathers show Sea Hunt, in 1969, he played Cal Baker, a Jobs Corps crew member, in the TV series Lassie episode Success Story. In 1971, he played the lead role Mike in the TV movie In Search of America and his first major role came in the 1971 film The Last Picture Show, for which he garnered a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. He co-starred in the 1972 critically acclaimed boxing film Fat City. He was nominated again for Best Supporting Actor for his performance opposite Clint Eastwood in the 1974 film Thunderbolt, in 1976, he starred as the protagonist Jack Prescott in the first remake of King Kong, opposite Jessica Lange. This film was a success, earning $90 million worldwide, more than triple its $23 million budget. One of his roles was in the 1982 science fiction film Tron, in which he played Kevin Flynn. The same year, he starred in Kiss Me Goodbye. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor in 1984 and he was also acclaimed for his roles in the thriller Against All Odds and the crime drama Jagged Edge
35.
Retro
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Retro style is style that is consciously derivative or imitative of trends, music, modes, fashions, or attitudes of the recent past. The term retro has been in use since the 1960s to describe on the one hand new artifacts that self-consciously refer to particular modes, motifs, techniques, but on the other hand, many people use the term to categorise styles that have been created in the past. Retro style refers to new things that display characteristics of the past and it is mostly the recent past that retro seeks to recapitulate, focusing on the products, fashions and artistic styles produced since the Industrial Revolution, of Modernity. The English word retro derives from the Latin prefix retro, meaning backwards, in France, the word rétro, an abbreviation for rétrospectif, gained cultural currency with reevaluations of Charles de Gaulle and Frances role in World War II. The French mode rétro of the 1970s reappraised in film and novels the conduct of French civilians during the Nazi occupation, the term rétro was soon applied to nostalgic French fashions that recalled the same period. Shortly thereafter it was introduced into English by the fashion and culture press, in Simulacra and Simulation, French theorist Jean Baudrillard describes retro as a demythologization of the past, distancing the present from the big ideas that drove the modern age. Most commonly retro is used to describe objects and attitudes from the recent past that no longer seem modern and it suggests a fundamental shift in the way we relate to the past. The concept of nostalgia is linked to retro, but the desire for things. Retro shows nostalgia with a dose of cynicism and detachment, the desire to capture something from the past and evoke nostalgia is fuelled by dissatisfaction with the present. Retro can be applied to things and artifacts, for example, forms of technological obsolescence and also the resurrection of old computer games. Since the 1980s the implications of the word ‘retro’ have been expanding in the application to different media, several fields have adopted the term retro from the design world. Thus next to design artefacts like objects, graphic design, fashion and interior design, ‘retro’ can be used for, music, art, videogames, architecture, television, sometimes, it can also suggest an entire outlook on life. Up until the 1960s, interiors were decorated with antiques, during the 1960s in London shops started selling pieces of second hand furniture. These shops were different from the antique shops because they sold daily life objects from the recent past. These objects used to be seen as junk, Victorian enamel signs, stuffed bears, old furniture painted with union jacks, a new way of producing and consuming the past emerged and a broader range of objects from the recent past was used for new designs. Before the word came into use in the 1970s, the practise of adopting old styles for new designs was already common. Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, designers borrowed from the past, the difference is that since the 1960s people started to refer to the recent past. In the 1980s, design history emerged as a discipline and several histories of design were published, the access to these overviews and the ability to experiment with computer design programs has caused an increase of retro designed objects in the last decades
36.
Owen Wilson
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Owen Cunningham Wilson is an American actor, producer and screenwriter. His older brother Andrew and younger brother Luke are also actors and he starred with Ben Stiller in numerous films, and is known for his roles in Frat Pack comedies. Wilson was born in Dallas, Texas to photographer Laura Wilson and Robert Andrew Wilson and his parents, originally from Massachusetts, are of Irish descent. Wilson attended New Mexico Military Institute and the University of Texas at Austin, Wilson then landed a role in The Cable Guy, directed by Ben Stiller, an early admirer of Bottle Rocket. Wilson starred in the 2000 comedy action film Shanghai Noon, with Jackie Chan, the film grossed nearly US$100 million worldwide. His fame continued to rise after starring alongside Ben Stiller and Will Ferrell in the 2001 film Zoolander, gene Hackman reportedly took notice of Wilsons performance in Shanghai Noon and recommended the actor to co-star in the 2001 action film Behind Enemy Lines. Also in 2001, Wilson and Anderson collaborated on their film, The Royal Tenenbaums. The film earned the team an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Screenplay. Wilson returned to the genre in 2002 with the action comedy I Spy. This big-screen remake of the series did not perform well at the box office. He made a appearance in the Girl Skateboards video Yeah Right. He then reunited with Jackie Chan to make Shanghai Knights, due to his busy schedule as an actor and an ongoing sinus condition, Wilson was unavailable to collaborate on the script for Wes Andersons fourth feature film, The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou. The 2004 film was ultimately co-written by filmmaker Noah Baumbach, however, Wilson did star in the film as Bill Murrays would-be son, Ned Plimpton, a role written specifically for Wilson. In 2004, he and his brother, Luke played the Wright brothers in the 2004 film Around the World in 80 Days, Wilson partnered with Vince Vaughn in the 2005 comedy film Wedding Crashers, which grossed over US$200M in the U. S. alone. Also in 2005, Owen collaborated with his brothers by appearing in The Wendell Baker Story, written by brother Luke, directed by Luke and brother Andrew. In the 2006 Disney/Pixar film Cars, Wilson voiced Lightning McQueen, starred in You, Me and Dupree with Kate Hudson, Wilson next starred in the Judd Apatow comedy, Drillbit Taylor, released in March 2008. He appeared in an adaptation of John Grogans best-selling memoir, Marley & Me. He also starred in The Darjeeling Limited with Adrien Brody and Jason Schwartzman and he provided the voice for the Whackbat Coach Skip in Wes Andersons Fantastic Mr. Fox
37.
Vince Vaughn
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Vincent Anthony Vince Vaughn is an American actor, producer, screenwriter, activist, and comedian. Vaughn began acting in the late 1980s, appearing in television roles before attaining wider recognition with the 1996 comedy-drama film Swingers. He has appeared in a number of films in the 1990s, including the sports film Rudy, the sci-fi adventure dinosaur film The Lost World, Jurassic Park, and the drama-thriller Return to Paradise. In the 2000s, he acted in comedies, including Old School, Dodgeball, A True Underdog Story, Wedding Crashers, The Break-Up. He continued his comedic roles in the 2010s with The Dilemma, The Watch, in 2015, he starred as Frank Semyon in the second season of the HBO anthology crime drama television series True Detective alongside Colin Farrell, Taylor Kitsch and Rachel McAdams. Vaughn was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota and his mother, Sharon Eileen, is a real estate agent and stockbroker who was once ranked as one of the United States top money managers by Bloomberg Wealth Manager magazine. His father, Vernon Lindsay Vaughn, worked as a salesman for a toy company and he has two older sisters, Victoria and Valerie. His surname comes from Ulster-Scots immigrants who first settled in Kentucky and his paternal grandmother was of Syrian Lebanese descent, and his maternal grandfather was of Italian descent, his other roots are Canadian, Dutch, English, German, Irish, Scottish, and Swiss. As a child, he was raised both Protestant and Catholic by his Catholic mother and Protestant father, Vaughn grew up in Buffalo Grove, Illinois, where he played football and baseball and wrestled, although he has called himself unathletic and very average at high school sports. He then moved to Lake Forest, where he graduated from Lake Forest High School in 1988 and he was introduced to musical theater at a young age and decided to become an actor in 1987. He has credited his mother as the inspiration behind his career, saying that I saw her overcome stuff, in 1988, Vaughn was cast in a Chevrolet television commercial and subsequently moved to Hollywood. He appeared in the 1989 season of the television series China Beach and his first film role was 1993s Rudy playing Jamie OHare, where he also struck up a friendship with featured Jon Favreau. Two years later, he was cast in a role in a proposed revival of 77 Sunset Strip that was to air on the fledgling WB Television Network. Vaughn did not receive wider success until his role in 1996s Swingers with Jon Favreau, Swingers was released in July 1996 and became a successful independent film. Vinces father Vernon also did a cameo in this film, afterwards, director Steven Spielberg cast Vaughn in the blockbuster The Lost World, Jurassic Park which gave him increased exposure. In 1998, he starred in the acclaimed drama Return to Paradise with Anne Heche. In 2000, he starred in The Cell with Jennifer Lopez and in 2001, appeared in Made, Vaughn also appeared in Dwight Yoakams directorial debut movie South of Heaven, West of Hell. Vaughns role in the successful 2003 comedy Old School skyrocketed his popularity, in 2004, Vaughn appeared alongside Ben Stiller in the hit films Starsky & Hutch and Dodgeball
38.
Matthew McConaughey
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Matthew David McConaughey is an American actor. He first gained notice for his role in the coming-of-age comedy Dazed and Confused. Matthew McConaughey, the youngest of three boys, was born on November 4,1969 in Uvalde, Texas and his mother, Mary Kathleen Kay or KMac, is a former kindergarten teacher and a published author. She was originally from Trenton, New Jersey and his father, James Donald McConaughey, was from Louisiana and ran an oil pipe supply business. He played for the Kentucky Wildcats and the Houston Cougars college football teams, in 1953, Jim McConaughey was drafted in the 27th round by the NFL football team the Green Bay Packers. He was released before the season began and never played a league game in the NFL. Matthews mother and late father married each other three times and his ancestry includes Scottish, English, Irish, Swedish and German. He is a relative of Confederate brigadier general Dandridge McRae, McConaughey moved to Longview, Texas in 1980, where he attended Longview High School. He lived for a year in Warnervale, New South Wales, Australia and he attended the University of Texas at Austin, where he joined Delta Tau Delta fraternity. He began in the fall of 1989 and graduated in the spring of 1993 with a degree in Radio-Television-Film. His original plan had changed as he wanted to attend Southern Methodist University until a brother told him that private school tuition would have been a burden on the family finances. He also had planned to attend law school graduation from college. McConaughey began working in commercials, including one for the Austin, Texas daily newspaper, the Austin American-Statesman. The line, How else am I gonna keep up with my Horns, – a reference to his beloved Texas Longhorns sports teams – gave the local community a look at the young actor, before he was cast in Richard Linklaters film Dazed and Confused. In 1992, he was cast as Joe in Trisha Yearwoods video for her hit song Walkaway Joe, in the late 1990s, McConaughey was cast in leading roles in more movies, including Contact, Amistad, The Newton Boys, EDtv and U-571. By the early 2000s, he was frequently cast in comedies, including The Wedding Planner and How to Lose a Guy in 10 Days. McConaughey starred in the 2005 feature film Sahara, along with Steve Zahn, prior to the release of the film, he promoted it by sailing down the Amazon River and trekking to Mali. That same year, McConaughey was named People magazines Sexiest Man Alive for 2005, in 2006, he co-starred with Sarah Jessica Parker in the romantic comedy Failure to Launch and as Marshall head football coach Jack Lengyal in We Are Marshall
39.
Ryan Reynolds
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Ryan Rodney Reynolds is a Canadian actor. Additionally, he portrayed the Hal Jordan version of the DC Comics superhero Green Lantern in the 2011 film of the same name. Reynolds has also starred in such as National Lampoons Van Wilder, The Amityville Horror, Definitely, Maybe, The Proposal, Buried, The Croods. Ryan Rodney Reynolds was born on October 23,1976 in Vancouver and his father, James Chester Jim Reynolds, was a food wholesaler, and his mother, Tammy, is a retail salesperson. He is of Irish ancestry and was raised as a Roman Catholic, the youngest of four brothers, he graduated from Kitsilano Secondary School in Vancouver in 1994. He attended Kwantlen Polytechnic University, also in Vancouver, until dropping out, Two of his elder brothers work as police officers in British Columbia, one of whom is a Royal Canadian Mounted Police member. Reynolds career began in 1991, when he starred as Billy Simpson in the Canadian-produced teen soap Hillside, in 1996, he co-starred with Melissa Joan Hart in the TV movie Sabrina the Teenage Witch. As an adult, Reynolds starred in the American television series Two Guys, A Girl and a Pizza Place, playing medical student Michael Berg Bergen, in 1993–94 he had a recurring role in The Odyssey as Macro. He also cameoed in Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle as a nurse, appeared in The In-Laws with Michael Douglas and Albert Brooks, as well as in the Canadian production Foolproof. In 2005, he played a waiter named Monty in Waiting. and as music executive Chris Brander in the romantic comedy Just Friends alongside Amy Smart, Reynolds played the protagonist in the 2008 film Definitely, Maybe. He has also appeared in the season finale of the television series Scrubs. In 2007, Reynolds guest-starred as Brendans friend Hams in the episode Douchebag in the City of the TBS sitcom My Boys, in 2009, he portrayed Andrew Paxton, starring opposite Sandra Bullock, in The Proposal, and Mike Connell in Adventureland. Although he has performed primarily in comedies, Reynolds underwent intense training to play an action role as the character of Hannibal King in the 2004 film Blade. Reynolds played George Lutz in the 2005 remake of the 1979 horror film The Amityville Horror, additionally, he played an FBI agent alongside Ray Liotta in the 2006 crime action film Smokin Aces. In 2010, Reynolds starred in the Spanish and American thriller Buried, in June 2010, Reynolds was invited to join the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Reynolds portrayed the Hal Jordan version of superhero Green Lantern in Warner Bros. film Green Lantern, though the film didnt fare well both financially and critically, this role made him one of the few actors to headline in films based on both Marvel and DC characters. In 2011 he co-starred in the comedy, The Change-Up, as well as being the narrator for the documentary film The Whale, in 2012, he portrayed an agent in Safe House, alongside Denzel Washington. He then had starring roles in two Dreamworks Animation feature films, The Croods and Turbo, both released in 2013 and his next role was in portraying Nick Walker in the Universal Pictures film adaptation of Dark Horse Comics R. I. P. D
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Dax Shepard
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Dax Randall Shepard is an American actor, writer and director. He portrayed Crosby Braverman in the NBC comedy-drama series Parenthood from 2010 to 2015, Shepard was born in Highland Township, Oakland County, Michigan, in suburban Detroit, Michigan. He is the son of Laura LaBo, who worked at General Motors and his parents divorced when he was 3 years old. Shepards mother ended up growing a business by the time he was in high school. She worked car shows with traveling events at race tracks and she went back to GM, ending up owning four shops that managed publicity events for magazine journalists. From the age of 14 to 28, Shepard worked for his mother on the road, for about 2 years, Shepard had a stepfather who was an engineer on the Corvette. Shepards mother has married four times—Shepard said hes had three stepfathers. According to Shepard, his mother named him for the rich playboy Dax and he has an older brother, David Shepard, who lives in Oregon, and a younger half-sister, Carly Hatter, whom he cast in his 2012 film Hit and Run. Shepard has said that he was raised in Milford, although he lived in a lot of places in suburban Detroit, growing up primarily in Walled Lake and he graduated from Walled Lake Central High School in 1993 before enrolling in The Groundlings school. After attending Santa Monica Community College and West Los Angeles College, Shepard transferred to UCLA and he had a deal with his mother that if he went to college she would pay his rent. Shepard has said he wasnt interested in child-acting per se and he was a class clown in school, had a sense he was funny, and wanted to do stand-up. Although he had friends who did stand-up in Detroit, he was too scared, Shepard thought if he moved to California that commitment would force him to do it. After a year in Santa Barbara, California, Shepard moved to Los Angeles in 1996 and he found out about The Groundlings improv troupe from a friend from Santa Barbara, Kareem Elseify, ended up auditioning, and took classes while also attending UCLA. After about five years of classes, he got into the Sunday Company of The Groundlings—in a group that included Melissa McCarthy, Tate Taylor, from 2003 onwards, Shepard became known from his work in the improv Candid Camera-type show, Punkd, with Ashton Kutcher. When the show had its 2012 revival, he continued to appear, Shepard said he auditioned for Punkd and while doing the pilot became friendly with Kutcher, who arranged for him to get an agent. He auditioned unsuccessfully for 10 years before he landed the role, in 2004, Shepard starred in the comedy Without a Paddle, alongside Seth Green and Matthew Lillard. The film received negative reviews but was a success, grossing $69,631,118 worldwide. In 2005 he starred as The Astronaut in Zathura, a science fiction fantasy film
