A hydraulic telegraph refers to two different semaphore systems involving the use of water-based mechanisms as a telegraph. The earliest one was developed in 4th-century BC Greece, while the other was
An ancient hydraulic telegraph being used by Aeneas to send a message.
Reconstruction, Thessaloniki Science Center and Technology Museum
Reconstructed model, messages attached to rod, Thessaloniki Science Center and Technology Museum
A heliograph is a solar telegraph system that signals by flashes of sunlight reflected by a mirror. The flashes are produced by momentarily pivoting the mirror, or by interrupting the beam with a shut
Hydraulic telegraph
…Phryctoria Heliograph Optical communication…
Fig. 1: Signaling with a Mance heliograph; Alaska–Canada border, 1910.
Fig. 2: A German heliograph made by R. Fuess in Berlin, on display at the Museum of Communication in Frankfurt
Fig. 3 A Turkish / Ottoman Empire heliograph military crew at Huj during the First World War, 1917
Fig. 4: A U.S. Army Signal Corps heliograph instrument, 1898