1.
Single (music)
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In music, a single or record single is a type of release, typically a song recording of fewer tracks than an LP record, an album or an EP record. This can be released for sale to the public in a variety of different formats, in most cases, a single is a song that is released separately from an album, although it usually also appears on an album. Typically, these are the songs from albums that are released separately for promotional uses such as digital download or commercial radio airplay and are expected to be the most popular, in other cases a recording released as a single may not appear on an album. As digital downloading and audio streaming have become prevalent, it is often possible for every track on an album to also be available separately. Nevertheless, the concept of a single for an album has been retained as an identification of a heavily promoted or more popular song within an album collection. Despite being referred to as a single, singles can include up to as many as three tracks on them. The biggest digital music distributor, iTunes, accepts as many as three tracks less than ten minutes each as a single, as well as popular music player Spotify also following in this trend. Any more than three tracks on a release or longer than thirty minutes in total running time is either an Extended Play or if over six tracks long. The basic specifications of the single were made in the late 19th century. Gramophone discs were manufactured with a range of speeds and in several sizes. By about 1910, however, the 10-inch,78 rpm shellac disc had become the most commonly used format, the inherent technical limitations of the gramophone disc defined the standard format for commercial recordings in the early 20th century.26 rpm. With these factors applied to the 10-inch format, songwriters and performers increasingly tailored their output to fit the new medium, the breakthrough came with Bob Dylans Like a Rolling Stone. Singles have been issued in various formats, including 7-inch, 10-inch, other, less common, formats include singles on digital compact cassette, DVD, and LD, as well as many non-standard sizes of vinyl disc. Some artist release singles on records, a more common in musical subcultures. The most common form of the single is the 45 or 7-inch. The names are derived from its speed,45 rpm. The 7-inch 45 rpm record was released 31 March 1949 by RCA Victor as a smaller, more durable, the first 45 rpm records were monaural, with recordings on both sides of the disc. As stereo recordings became popular in the 1960s, almost all 45 rpm records were produced in stereo by the early 1970s
2.
The Monkees
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The Monkees are an American rock band originally active between 1965 and 1971, with subsequent reunion albums and tours in the decades that followed. They were formed in Los Angeles in 1965 by Bob Rafelson and Bert Schneider for the American television series The Monkees, the musical acting quartet was composed of Americans Micky Dolenz, Michael Nesmith and Peter Tork and British actor and singer Davy Jones. The bands music was supervised by producer Don Kirshner. Dolenz described the Monkees as initially being a TV show about an imaginary band and that wanted to be The Beatles, that was never successful. The actor-musicians, however, soon became a real band, for the first few months of their initial five-year career as The Monkees, the four actor-musicians were allowed only limited roles in the recording studio. This was due in part to the amount of required to film the television series. Nonetheless, Nesmith did compose and produce some songs from the beginning and they eventually fought for and earned the right to collectively supervise all musical output under the bands name. The sitcom was canceled in 1968, but the continued to record music through 1971. A revival of interest in the show came in 1986. Up until 2011 the group had reunited and toured several times, despite the sudden death of Davy Jones on February 29,2012, the surviving members reunited for a tour in November–December 2012 and again in 2013 for a 24-date tour. Nesmith was able to some time up to join them in the latter stages of the US tour. The Monkees have sold more than 75 million records worldwide and had hits, including Last Train to Clarksville, Pleasant Valley Sunday, Daydream Believer. At their peak in 1967, the band outsold the Beatles, aspiring filmmaker Bob Rafelson developed the initial idea for The Monkees in 1962, but was unsuccessful in selling the series. He had tried selling it to Revue, the division of Universal Pictures. In May 1964, while working at Screen Gems, Rafelson teamed up with Bert Schneider, whose father, Abraham Schneider, headed the Colpix Television, Rafelson and Schneider ultimately formed Raybert Productions. The Beatles film A Hard Days Night inspired Rafelson and Schneider to revive Rafelsons idea for The Monkees, as The Raybert Producers, they sold the show to Screen Gems Television on April 16,1965. Rafelson and Schneiders original idea was to cast an existing New York folk rock group, the Lovin Spoonful, however, John Sebastian had already signed the band to a record contract, which would have denied Screen Gems the right to market music from the show. Jones had previously starred as the Artful Dodger in the Broadway show Oliver, which debuted on December 17,1962, and his performance was later seen on The Ed Sullivan Show the same night as the Beatles first appearance on that show, February 9,1964
3.
More of the Monkees
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More of the Monkees is the second full-length album by the Monkees. It was recorded in late 1966 and released on Colgems label #102 on January 9,1967 and it displaced the bands debut album from the top of the Billboard 200 chart and remained at No.1 for 18 weeks—the longest of any Monkees album. Combined, the first two Monkees albums were at the top of the Billboard chart for 31 consecutive weeks, More of the Monkees also went to No.1 in the UK. In the U. S. it has been certified platinum by the RIAA with sales of more than five million copies. More of the Monkees is also notable for being the first pop/rock album to be the album of the year in the U. S. Monkeemania had reached full swing by the time the album was released. The Monkees second single, Im a Believer—included on this album—held the number one position on the Billboard Hot 100, the release of More of the Monkees was rushed to capitalize on the bands popularity, catching even its members by surprise. The band learned of the albums existence while on tour in Cleveland, Ohio, the group began to grow concerned over their musical output, since this album and their debut, The Monkees, featured them limited to just vocals with scattered instrumental contributions. Kirshner had a rule that the Monkees were to provide only vocals on his productions. More of the Monkees has Nesmith limited to one song as lead vocalist and this outburst came after Moelis snapped to Nesmith, Youd better read your contract, when Nesmith threatened to quit. Kirshner was later dropped from the project altogether, the original pressing catalog number is COM/COS102. When the album was reissued in 1969 the Colgems symbol replaced the word Colgems on the bottom corner of the reverse side. It was standard practice for RCA to add an RE when any one side of a record sleeve had a revision, there were no mono copies issued in 1969 as they were phased out altogether in 1968. Some were previously unreleased, while others were on the 1994 Rhino reissue or the Missing Links series, studio chatter is included between some bonus tracks
4.
A-side and B-side
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The terms A-side and B-side refer to the two sides of 78,45, and 33 1/3 rpm phonograph records, whether singles, extended plays, or long-playing records. Creedence Clearwater Revival had hits with both A-side and B-side releases, others took the opposite approach, producer Phil Spector was in the habit of filling B-sides with on-the-spot instrumentals that no one would confuse with the A-side. With this practice, Spector was assured that airplay was focused on the side he wanted to be the hit side, the earliest 10-inch,78 rpm, shellac records were single sided. Double-sided recordings, with one song on side, were introduced in Europe by Columbia Records. There were no record charts until the 1930s, and radio stations did not play recorded music until the 1950s, in this time, A-sides and B-sides existed, but neither side was considered more important, the side did not convey anything about the content of the record. The term single came into use with the advent of vinyl records in the early 1950s. At first, most record labels would randomly assign which song would be an A-side, under this random system, many artists had so-called double-sided hits, where both songs on a record made one of the national sales charts, or would be featured on jukeboxes in public places. As time wore on, however, the convention for assigning songs to sides of the record changed. By the early sixties, the song on the A-side was the song that the company wanted radio stations to play. It was not until 1968, for instance, that the production of albums on a unit basis finally surpassed that of singles in the United Kingdom. In the late 1960s stereo versions of pop and rock songs began to appear on 45s. The majority of the 45s were played on AM radio stations, by the early 1970s, double-sided hits had become rare. Album sales had increased, and B-sides had become the side of the record where non-album, non-radio-friendly, with the advent of cassette and compact disc singles in the late 1980s, the A-side/B-side differentiation became much less meaningful. With the decline of cassette singles in the 1990s, the A-side/B-side dichotomy became virtually extinct, as the dominant medium. However, the term B-side is still used to refer to the tracks or coupling tracks on a CD single. With the advent of downloading music via the Internet, sales of CD singles and other media have declined. B-side songs may be released on the record as a single to provide extra value for money. There are several types of material released in this way, including a different version, or, in a concept record
5.
(I'm Not Your) Steppin' Stone
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Steppin Stone is a rock song by Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart. It was first recorded by Paul Revere & the Raiders and appeared on their album Midnight Ride, released in May 1966. The song is musically, with a repeating verse chord progression of E major, G major, A major and C major, and a repeating bridge in cut time of E major, G major, A major. It is best known as a hit for The Monkees, released in November 1966. Musicians featured on the Monkees recording are, Micky Dolenz, Tommy Boyce, Wayne Erwin, Gerry McGee, and Louie Shelton, Bobby Hart, Larry Taylor, Billy Lewis, the Monkees version differs between the single version, stereo album version and mono album version. In the stereo version, the title is sung just before the second verse, whereas on the single and mono album versions. Additionally, the version has an edit in the fadeout. The mono album version does not have this edit and therefore has a longer coda, the single also does not have the edit, but it fades the song earlier than the mono album. All Monkees hits compilations through the mid-1980s used the stereo version, fields Memorial Electric String Band, The Pivots, Deadlok, The Rebounds, Barbi and the Kens, the Argentinian band Massacre and the UK band Scholars. It was also a hit for PJ & Duncan in 1996, when it reached number #11 on the UK Singles Chart
6.
Phonograph record
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The groove usually starts near the periphery and ends near the center of the disc. The phonograph disc record was the medium used for music reproduction until late in the 20th century. It had co-existed with the cylinder from the late 1880s. Records retained the largest market share even when new formats such as compact cassette were mass-marketed, by the late 1980s, digital media, in the form of the compact disc, had gained a larger market share, and the vinyl record left the mainstream in 1991. The phonograph record has made a resurgence in the early 21st century –9.2 million records were sold in the U. S. in 2014. Likewise, in the UK sales have increased five-fold from 2009 to 2014, as of 2017,48 record pressing facilities remain worldwide,18 in the United States and 30 in other countries. The increased popularity of vinyl has led to the investment in new, only two producers of lacquers remains, Apollo Masters in California, USA, and MDC in Japan. Vinyl records may be scratched or warped if stored incorrectly but if they are not exposed to heat or broken. The large cover are valued by collectors and artists for the space given for visual expression, in the 2000s, these tracings were first scanned by audio engineers and digitally converted into audible sound. Phonautograms of singing and speech made by Scott in 1860 were played back as sound for the first time in 2008, along with a tuning fork tone and unintelligible snippets recorded as early as 1857, these are the earliest known recordings of sound. In 1877, Thomas Edison invented the phonograph, unlike the phonautograph, it was capable of both recording and reproducing sound. Despite the similarity of name, there is no evidence that Edisons phonograph was based on Scotts phonautograph. Edison first tried recording sound on a paper tape, with the idea of creating a telephone repeater analogous to the telegraph repeater he had been working on. The tinfoil was wrapped around a metal cylinder and a sound-vibrated stylus indented the tinfoil while the cylinder was rotated. The recording could be played back immediately, Edison also invented variations of the phonograph that used tape and disc formats. A decade later, Edison developed a greatly improved phonograph that used a wax cylinder instead of a foil sheet. This proved to be both a better-sounding and far more useful and durable device, the wax phonograph cylinder created the recorded sound market at the end of the 1880s and dominated it through the early years of the 20th century. Berliners earliest discs, first marketed in 1889, but only in Europe, were 12.5 cm in diameter, both the records and the machine were adequate only for use as a toy or curiosity, due to the limited sound quality
7.
New York City
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The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has described as the cultural and financial capital of the world. Situated on one of the worlds largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, the five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product of nearly US$1.39 trillion, in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion. NYCs MSA and CSA GDP are higher than all but 11 and 12 countries, New York City traces its origin to its 1624 founding in Lower Manhattan as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the countrys largest city since 1790, the Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the United States and its democracy. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world, the names of many of the citys bridges, tapered skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattans real estate market is among the most expensive in the world, Manhattans Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide, with 472 stations in operation. Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, during the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, movement of the ice sheet would contribute to the separation of what are now Long Island and Staten Island. The first documented visit by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown and he claimed the area for France and named it Nouvelle Angoulême. Heavy ice kept him from further exploration, and he returned to Spain in August and he proceeded to sail up what the Dutch would name the North River, named first by Hudson as the Mauritius after Maurice, Prince of Orange
8.
Colgems Records
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Colgems Records was a record label that existed from 1966 to 1971. It was a joint venture between Screen Gems, the division of Columbia Pictures, and RCA Records to issue records by the Monkees. The label would also issue soundtrack recordings for Screen Gems and Columbia Pictures productions, RCA acted as manufacturer and distributor for Colgems. An earlier label, Colpix Records, was dissolved to make way for the new company, even before the Monkees began, Colpix had signed two future members – Davy Jones, recruited to Screen Gems by Ward Sylvester, and Michael Nesmith, who recorded as Michael Blessing. Eventually, the Colpix catalog was sold to Roulette Records, today, the Colpix catalog is owned jointly by Rhino/Warner and EMI. The non-Monkees Colgems roster included Sally Field, Jewel Akens, Sajid Khan, Paula Wayne, limited, the Hung Jury, Fountain of Youth, The Lewis & Clarke Expedition, Hoyt Axton, Alex Keenan and comedian Rich Little. In Cold Blood, Head and Guess Whos Coming to Dinner were also released on Colgems, Colgems Records slumped after the critical and commercial failure of the final Monkees album Changes, which featured only Davy Jones and Micky Dolenz. The labels last release, titled Barrel Full of Monkees and showcasing its flagship act, appeared in 1971, Colgems then closed, and its master recordings and artists were folded into the Bell Records family, which, unlike Colgems, was wholly owned by Columbia Pictures. Bell itself was closed, and Columbias music division was reorganized into Arista Records. In 1979, Columbia Pictures sold Arista to BMG-owned Ariola Records, six years later, Ariolas parent company, BMG, merged with RCA Records. Today, the assets of Colgems Records is controlled by Sony Music Entertainment, the parent company, Sony, acquired Columbia Pictures in 1989. All of The Monkees recordings are currently owned by Rhino Records, Rhino acquired the entire Monkees audio catalog, The Monkees TV series, their 1968 feature film Head, and the rights to The Monkees name and logo, in August 1994. SME merged Arista into RCA Records in 2011, a label related to Colgems was SGC Records. SGC issued albums by Nazz through Atlantic Records in a deal similar to the one Screen Gems held with RCA. List of record labels The Colpix/Colgems story
9.
Songwriter
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A songwriter is an individual who writes the lyrics, melodies and chord progressions for songs, typically for a popular music genre such as rock or country music. A songwriter can also be called a composer, although the term tends to be used mainly for individuals from the classical music genre. The pressure from the industry to produce popular hits means that songwriting is often an activity for which the tasks are distributed between a number of people. For example, a songwriter who excels at writing lyrics might be paired with a songwriter with a gift for creating original melodies, pop songs may be written by group members from the band or by staff writers – songwriters directly employed by music publishers. Some songwriters serve as their own publishers, while others have outside publishers. The old-style apprenticeship approach to learning how to write songs is being supplemented by university degrees and college diplomas, a knowledge of modern music technology, songwriting elements and business skills are necessary requirements to make a songwriting career in the 2010s. Several music colleges offer songwriting diplomas and degrees with music business modules, the legal power to grant these permissions may be bought, sold or transferred. This is governed by international copyright law, song pitching can be done on a songwriters behalf by their publisher or independently using tip sheets like RowFax, the MusicRow publication and SongQuarters. Skills associated with song-writing include entrepreneurism and creativity, songwriters who sign an exclusive songwriting agreement with a publisher are called staff writers. In the Nashville country music scene, there is a staff writer culture where contracted writers work normal 9-to-5 hours at the publishing office and are paid a regular salary. This salary is in effect the writers draw, an advance on future earnings, the publisher owns the copyright of songs written during the term of the agreement for a designated period, after which the songwriter can reclaim the copyright. In an interview with HitQuarters, songwriter Dave Berg extolled the benefits of the set-up, unlike contracted writers, some staff writers operate as employees for their respective publishers. Under the terms of work for hire agreements, the compositions created are fully owned by the publisher. In Nashville, young writers are often encouraged to avoid these types of contracts. Staff writers are common across the industry, but without the more office-like working arrangements favored in Nashville. All the major publishers employ writers under contract, songwriter Allan Eshuijs described his staff writer contract at Universal Music Publishing as a starter deal. His success under the arrangement eventually allowed him to found his own publishing company, so that he could. keep as much as possible, songwriters are also often skilled musicians. In addition to selling their songs and musical concepts for other artists to sing, songwriters need to create a number of elements for a song
10.
Neil Diamond
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Neil Leslie Diamond is an American singer-songwriter, musician and actor. One of the worlds best-selling artists of all time, he has sold over 120 million records worldwide since the start of his career in the 1960s. With 38 songs in the Top 10, he is the second most successful artist in the history of the Billboard Adult Contemporary Top 10 charts and his songs have been covered internationally by many performers from a variety of musical genres. Diamond was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1984 and into the Rock, additionally, he received the Sammy Cahn Lifetime Achievement Award in 2000 and in 2011 was an honoree at Kennedy Center. On the Hot 100 and Adult Contemporary charts, he has had eleven No, Sweet Caroline is played frequently at sporting events, and has become an anthem for the Boston Red Sox. Diamond was born in Brooklyn, New York, to a Jewish family descended from Russian and his parents were Rose and Akeeba Kieve Diamond, a dry-goods merchant. He grew up in homes in Brooklyn, having also spent four years in Cheyenne, Wyoming. In Brooklyn he attended Erasmus Hall High School and was a member of the Freshman Chorus and they were not close friends at the time, Diamond recalls, We were two poor kids in Brooklyn. We hung out in the front of Erasmus High and smoked cigarettes, after his family moved he then attended Abraham Lincoln High School, and was a member of the fencing team. For his 16th birthday, he received his first guitar, and the next thing, I got a guitar when we got back to Brooklyn, started to take lessons and almost immediately began to write songs, he said. He adds that his attraction to songwriting was the first real interest he had growing up, Diamond also used his newly-developing skill at writing lyrics to write poetry. By writing poems for girls he was attracted to in school and his male classmates took note and began asking him to write poems for them which they would sing and use with equal success. He spent the following his graduation as a waiter in the Catskills resort area. There he first met Jaye Posner, who would, years later, Diamond next attended New York University as a pre-med major on a fencing scholarship. His skill at fencing made him a member of the 1960 NCAA mens championship team, however, he was often bored in classes, and found writing song lyrics more to his liking. He began cutting classes and taking the train up to Tin Pan Alley where he tried to get some of his songs heard by music publishers. By his senior year, and just 10 units short of graduation, Sunbeam Music Publishing offered him a 16-week job writing songs for $50 a week, and he dropped out of college to accept it. After his 16 weeks at Sunbeam Music were up, he was not rehired, I never really chose songwriting, he says
11.
Record producer
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A record producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performers music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album. A producer has many roles during the recording process, the roles of a producer vary. The producer may perform these roles himself, or help select the engineer, the producer may also pay session musicians and engineers and ensure that the entire project is completed within the record companies budget. A record producer or music producer has a broad role in overseeing and managing the recording. Producers also often take on an entrepreneurial role, with responsibility for the budget, schedules, contracts. In the 2010s, the industry has two kinds of producers with different roles, executive producer and music producer. Executive producers oversee project finances while music producers oversee the process of recording songs or albums. In most cases the producer is also a competent arranger, composer. The producer will also liaise with the engineer who concentrates on the technical aspects of recording. Noted producer Phil Ek described his role as the person who creatively guides or directs the process of making a record, indeed, in Bollywood music, the designation actually is music director. The music producers job is to create, shape, and mold a piece of music, at the beginning of record industry, producer role was technically limited to record, in one shot, artists performing live. The role of producers changed progressively over the 1950s and 1960s due to technological developments, the development of multitrack recording caused a major change in the recording process. Before multitracking, all the elements of a song had to be performed simultaneously, all of these singers and musicians had to be assembled in a large studio and the performance had to be recorded. As well, for a song that used 20 instruments, it was no longer necessary to get all the players in the studio at the same time. Examples include the rock sound effects of the 1960s, e. g. playing back the sound of recorded instruments backwards or clanging the tape to produce unique sound effects. These new instruments were electric or electronic, and thus they used instrument amplifiers, new technologies like multitracking changed the goal of recording, A producer could blend together multiple takes and edit together different sections to create the desired sound. For example, in jazz fusion Bandleader-composer Miles Davis album Bitches Brew, producers like Phil Spector and George Martin were soon creating recordings that were, in practical terms, almost impossible to realise in live performance. Producers became creative figures in the studio, other examples of such engineers includes Joe Meek, Teo Macero, Brian Wilson, and Biddu
12.
Last Train to Clarksville
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Last Train to Clarksville was the debut single by The Monkees. It was released August 16,1966 and later included on the groups 1966 self-titled album, which was released on October 10,1966. The song, written by Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart was recorded at RCA Victor Studio B in Hollywood on July 25,1966 and was already on the Boss Hit Bounds on 17 August 1966, the song topped the Billboard Hot 100 on November 5,1966. Lead vocals were performed by The Monkees drummer Micky Dolenz, last Train to Clarksville was featured in seven episodes of the Monkees TV show, the most for any Monkees song. The Beatles song had been one in the US charts three months earlier. The lyrics tell of a man phoning the woman he loves, urging her to him at a train station in Clarksville before he must leave. The Vietnam War was then going on, and what was not made explicit was that the song was about a soldier leaving for the war zone. It is often said that the song refers to Clarksville, Tennessee, which is near Fort Campbell, Kentucky, the home of the 101st Airborne Division, however, according to songwriter Bobby Hart, it was not specifically written with that town in mind. Hart said, We were just looking for a name that sounded good, theres a little town in northern Arizona I used to go through in the summer on the way to Oak Creek Canyon called Clarksdale. We were throwing out names, and when we got to Clarksdale and we didnt know it at the time, there is an Army base near the town of Clarksville, Tennessee — which would have fit the bill fine for the story line. We couldnt be too direct with The Monkees and we couldnt really make a protest song out of it — we kind of snuck it in. Though Clarksville is in the title, the video accompanying the song on the Monkees TV show showed a sign pointing to Clarkesville. Hart got the idea for the lyrics when he turned on the radio and he thought Paul McCartney was singing Take the last train, and decided to use the line when he found out McCartney was actually singing Paperback Writer. Hart knew that The Monkees TV series was pitched as a series in the spirit of The Beatles movie A Hard Days Night. To do that, he made sure to put a guitar riff in this song. Although LAs Wrecking Crew provided the instrumentals for many early Monkees songs, Boyce, the lead guitar was written and played by Louie Shelton. Zadnji voz za Čačak is a song by Serbian and former Yugoslav rock band Riblja Čorba, b-side features the song Lud sto posto
13.
A Little Bit Me, a Little Bit You
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A Little Bit Me, A Little Bit You is a song by Neil Diamond that was released by The Monkees in 1967. Davy Jones sang the lead vocal and it went to #1 in the US Cashbox charts and #2 on the Billboard charts. The records B-side was Michael Nesmiths The Girl I Knew Somewhere and it was also included in the Im A Believer EP in Europe that year. Neil Diamond never made a recording of the song. At least one recording of such a performance exists and circulates, while the band members themselves chose which songs they would record, Kirshner tended to favor his writing stable for record releases, singles in particular. B-sides to singles, which paid the royalty rates as A-sides, were reserved as a kind of bonus for the Brill Building writers. While the Monkees were willing to cooperate with Kirshner, he was not willing to reciprocate or to listen to many of their ideas, Michael Nesmith led the band through a struggle for more creative control, and the chance to play their own accompaniment on records. He, in particular, wanted his songs featured on Monkees singles, early in 1967, the band recorded two songs for selection as their next single, All of Your Toys and a remake of The Girl I Knew Somewhere, both with Micky Dolenz on lead vocals. With Diamonds Im a Believer already a hit, Kirshner gave Diamond first shot at writing a followup and he persuaded Davy Jones to fly to New York and record a solo session with producer Jeff Barry in February 1967. Barry produced Diamonds newest offerings, and also his own She Hangs Out, a Little Bit Me, A Little Bit You and She Hangs Out were chosen by Kirshner for the next Monkees single. He also authorized pressing and distribution of the single picture sleeve. Kirshners reasoning was that a third Monkees hit in a row, done his way and he also pressed a number of promo copies, bearing the label My Favorite Monkee - Davy Jones Sings. The Monkees themselves were irritated enough that an album, More of the Monkees, had been issued with no input from them save their vocals. They lobbied the shows producers, Bob Rafelson and Bert Schneider, for a role in their music output. When copies of Kirshners single appeared in Canada, and the song began to get airplay in both Canada and the US, Kirshner was dismissed, on the grounds that he had issued an unauthorized record, the single was withdrawn in Canada, and canceled in the US. The backing vocals are not identified in the credits of any of the collections the song appears on, the Monkees Tale, by Eric Lefcowitz, ISBN9780867193381 The Monkees Greatest Hits, liner notes Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
14.
Micky Dolenz
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Dolenz was born at the Cedars of Lebanon Hospital, in Los Angeles, California, the son of actors George Dolenz and Janelle Johnson. Dolenz began his business career in 1956 when he starred in a children’s show called Circus Boy under the name Mickey Braddock. He played a water boy for the elephants in a one-ring circus at the start of the 20th century. The program ran for two seasons, after which Dolenz made sporadic appearances on television shows and pursued his education. Dolenz went to Ulysses S. Grant High School in Valley Glen, Los Angeles, California, and graduated in 1962. In 1964, he was cast as Ed in the episode Born of Kings and Angels of the NBC education drama series, Mr. Novak, Dolenz was attending college in Los Angeles when he was hired for the drummer role in NBCs The Monkees. Although it has been written about, Micky Dolenz originally had his own rock group called Micky And The One-Nighters in the early-mid 60s with himself as lead singer. He even had penned at least one or two tunes of his own at the time. According to Dolenz his bands live stage act included a lot of Rock songs, cover songs and even some R&B and it would indeed be Johnny B. Good that Dolenz sang at his Monkees audition and that got him hired for the show, what is equally interesting is that he had actually cut two 45s in 1965 but that they went unreleased until the Monkees great success in 1967. He was not at that time a drummer and he needed lessons even to be able to mime credibly but eventually was taught how to play properly. By the time The Monkees went on tour in late 1966, Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart, writers of many of The Monkees songs, observed quickly that when brought into the studio together, the four actors would try to crack each other up. Because of this, they would bring in each singer individually. The antics escalated until one time Micky poured a cup of coke on Don Kirshners head, at the time, Dolenz did not know Kirshner on sight. Dolenz wrote a few of the band’s self-penned songs as well as providing the vocals for such hits as Last Train to Clarksville, Take a Giant Step. Towards the end of the series’ hectic two-year run, Dolenz directed, Micky purchased one of the first 25 Moog synthesizers, the third Moog Synthesizer ever commercially sold. His performance on the Monkees song Daily Nightly from the LP Pisces, Aquarius and he eventually sold his instrument to Bobby Sherman. Since Davy Joness death in 2012, Dolenz has been the member of The Monkees who has been with the band continuously since its inception
15.
Billboard Hot 100
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The Billboard Hot 100 is the music industry standard record chart in the United States for singles, published weekly by Billboard magazine. Chart rankings are based on sales, radio play and online streaming, the weekly sales period was originally Monday to Sunday, when Nielsen started tracking sales in 1991, but was changed to Friday to Thursday in July 2015. Radio airplay, which, unlike sales figures and streaming data, is available on a real-time basis. A new chart is compiled and officially released to the public by Billboard on Tuesdays, as of the issue for the week ending on April 15,2017, the Hot 100 has had 1,061 different number one hits. The current number one song is Shape of You by Ed Sheeran, prior to 1955, Billboard did not have a unified, all-encompassing popularity chart, instead measuring songs by individual metrics. At the start of the era in 1955, three such charts existed, Best Sellers in Stores was the first Billboard chart, established in 1936. This chart ranked the biggest selling singles in retail stores, as reported by merchants surveyed throughout the country, Most Played by Jockeys was Billboards original airplay chart. It ranked the most played songs on United States radio stations, as reported by radio disc jockeys, Most Played in Jukeboxes ranked the most played songs in jukeboxes across the United States. On the week ending November 12,1955, Billboard published The Top 100 for the first time, the Top 100 combined all aspects of a singles performance, based on a point system that typically gave sales more weight than radio airplay. The Best Sellers In Stores, Most Played by Jockeys and Most Played in Jukeboxes charts continued to be published concurrently with the new Top 100 chart. The week ending July 28,1958 was the publication of the Most Played By Jockeys and Top 100 charts. On August 4,1958, Billboard premiered one main all-genre singles chart, the Hot 100 quickly became the industry standard and Billboard discontinued the Best Sellers In Stores chart on October 13,1958. The Billboard Hot 100 is still the standard by which a songs popularity is measured in the United States, the Hot 100 is ranked by radio airplay audience impressions as measured by Nielsen BDS, sales data compiled by Nielsen Soundscan and streaming activity provided by online music sources. There are several component charts that contribute to the calculation of the Hot 100. Charts are ranked by number of gross audience impressions, computed by cross-referencing exact times of radio airplay with Arbitron listener data. Hot Singles Sales, the top selling singles compiled from a sample of retail store, mass merchant and internet sales reports collected, compiled. The chart is released weekly and measures sales of commercial singles. With the decline in sales of singles in the US
16.
The Monkees (TV series)
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The Monkees is an American situation comedy that aired on NBC from September 12,1966 to March 25,1968. The series follows the adventures of four men trying to make a name for themselves as a rock n roll band. The show introduced a number of innovative new-wave film techniques to series television and won two Emmy Awards in 1967. The program ended on Labor Day 1968 at the finish of its season and has received a long afterlife in Saturday morning repeats and syndication. The series centered on the adventures of The Monkees, a rock band from Los Angeles, California consisting of Micky, Davy, Michael. The comic elements of the storyline were provided by the strange encounters that the band would have while searching for their big break. In the early 1960s, aspiring filmmakers Bob Rafelson and Bert Schneider had formed Raybert Productions and were trying to get a foot in the door in Hollywood. Inspired by the Beatles film A Hard Days Night, the duo decided to develop a series about a fictional rock n roll group. In April,1965, Raybert sold the idea to Screen Gems, and by August. On September 8,1965, trade publications Daily Variety and The Hollywood Reporter ran an ad seeking Folk & Roll Musicians-Singers for acting roles in new TV series, as many as 400 hopefuls showed up to be considered as one of 4 insane boys. Fourteen actors from the pool were brought back for screen tests. Micky Dolenz, son of screen actor George Dolenz, had prior experience as the 10-year-old star of the Circus Boy series in the 1950s. He was actively auditioning for pilots at the time and was told about the Raybert project by his agent, englishman Davy Jones was a former jockey who had achieved some initial success on the musical stage. Already appearing in Columbia Pictures productions and recording for the Colpix record label, Nesmith was the only one of The Monkees who had come in based on seeing the trade magazine ad. He showed up to the audition with his laundry and impressed Rafelson and Schneider with his laid-back style, Nesmith also wore a woollen hat to keep his hair out of his eyes when he rode his motorcycle, leading to early promotional materials which nicknamed him Wool Hat. The hat remained part of Nesmiths wardrobe, but the name was dropped after the pilot, Peter Tork was recommended to Rafelson and Schneider by friend Stephen Stills at his own audition. Tork, a skilled multi-instrumentalist, had performed at various Greenwich Village folk clubs before moving west, each episode would contain at least one musical romp which might have nothing to do with the storyline. In retrospect, these vignettes now look very much like music videos, short and they also believed strongly in the programs ability to appeal to young people, intentionally framing the kids as heroes and the adults as heavies
17.
September Morn (album)
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September Morn is the thirteenth studio album by the American singer Neil Diamond. Released in 1979, the album includes a version of the Motown classic Dancing in the Street. The title track was a chart hit, and became Diamonds 30th Top 40 hit in the U. S. The song peaked at number 17 on the U. S. Billboard Hot 100, number 14 on the Cash Box Top 100, in Canada, it peaked at number 15. The song was a bigger hit on the Adult Contemporary charts. Neil Diamond - vocals, guitar Tom Hensley - piano, keyboards Bob Gaudio - piano Alan Lindgren - piano, synthesizers Reinie Press - bass Doug Rhone, Richard Bennett - guitar Dennis St
18.
Just for You (Neil Diamond album)
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Just for You is the second album by Neil Diamond. Like his debut, it has never released on CD, though all. All tracks are available on the compilation album The Bang Years 1966-1968. Curiously, the year-old hit Cherry Cherry also appears here, whilst the then-current hit Kentucky Woman does not, solitary Man also re-appears in its 1966 version. This version would be re-released in 1970 and chart at #21 and this was Diamonds first album consisting entirely of original material, and his final album for the Bang label. All songs written by Neil Diamond
19.
The Fifth Estate (band)
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The Fifth Estate, formerly known as The D-Men, is an American rock band formed in 1963 in Stamford, Connecticut. The band began in Stamford, Connecticut, in 1963, as The D-Men, early on, as The D-Men, the band played many small shows and local clubs but soon gravitated to Greenwich Village and larger clubs where they often played six nights a week for long stretches. Boston Skyline released a 28-song collection of their music in 1993, the program was at that time co-hosted by Brian Epstein, who expressed an interest in signing them. They later won a Murray the K call-in contest for best new release over The Dave Clark Five, in 1966 they changed their name to The Fifth Estate. They had a national / international hit in 1967 with a pop version of Ding-Dong. The Witch Is Dead, which reached No.11 on the Hot 100, the song was recorded and released around the world in five different languages, and incorporated parts of La Bouree, from Terpsichore by 17th-century composer Michael Praetorius. That same year, The Fifth Estate recorded their version of Heigh Ho. another film theme, this time from Disneys first feature film, 1937s Snow White. It now receives substantial radio, Internet and Sirius XM play in the US, the original five-member band lineup was consistent for six years. In that time they recorded about 100 songs, and released 13 singles and they also appeared in a 1967 TV episode of Malibu U, with weird overlays and film footage. In 1968, on The Frodis Caper, the last of their 58 television show episodes, The Monkees covered The Fifth Estates version of Ding Dong. The Fifth Estate toured with such as Count Five, The Electric Prunes, The Music Explosion, The Buckinghams, The Ronettes, Gene Pitney, The Lovin Spoonful, The Turtles, The Byrds. They also did the Upbeat with another Greenwich Village band, The Velvet Underground, in 1970, they all went off on different projects, but have since re-established the band and continue to perform and record. Their new album, TIME TUNNEL, was recorded in 2010/11 and it was produced with the assistance of and mixed by Shel Talmy, the original producer for The Kinks, The Who, The Easybeats, Manfred Mann, early Jimmy Page and David Bowie. On Sept.19,2012, The Fifth Estate - Anthology 1 was released by Fuel 2000/Universal Music Group and its a 2-CD set with a 20 page booklet and 40 songs, more than half never released before. In May,2014 the German label Break-A-Way Records released a 14 song vinyl album of the bands early 1964 -1966 material called I Wanna Shout. On August 12,2014, following the success of the 2012 Anthology 1 release. This album, like their 2012 Time Tunnel album, was mixed and executive-produced by Shel Talmy, the Witch Is Dead Ding Dong. The Witch Is Back, 1964-1969 Time Tunnel The Fifth Estate - Anthology 1 1964-1969 I Wanna Shout,12 Vinyl Take The Fifth Surf, Rocks & Fuzz Bands 1963 &1964 material
20.
Snoopy vs. the Red Baron (song)
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Snoopy vs. the Red Baron is a novelty song written by Phil Gernhard and Dick Holler and recorded in 1966 by the Florida-based pop group The Royal Guardsmen. The song was recorded at the Charles Fuller Productions studio in Tampa, in 2006 they released Snoopy vs Osama. The song was released one year after the first comic strip featuring Snoopy fighting the Red Baron appeared on Sunday October 10,1965. Schulz and United Features Syndicate sued the Royal Guardsmen for using the name Snoopy without permission or an advertising license, UFS won the suit, the penalty being that all publishing revenues from the song would go to them. Schulz did allow the group to write more Snoopy songs, the song begins with a background commentary in faux German, Achtung. Jetzt wir singen zusammen die Geschichte über den Schweinköpfigen Hund und den lieben Red Baron, from 1,46 to 1,54 the song quotes a variant of the instrumental chords from The McCoys version of Hang On Sloopy. In the original recording of Snoopy, the lyrics Hang on Snoopy, Snoopy hang on were sung at this point and this tactic led to some initial speculation that the Guardsmen were the McCoys under a different name. Prior to release, these lyrics were removed to prevent copyright issues, a rare promotional record for the advertising arm of Charles Fuller Productions included the removed lyrics Hang on Sloopy. It is a two-sided 7 that plays at 33-1/3 RPM, the song was featured as a cover version on a childrens album of the same name in the early 1970s by The Peter Pan Pop Band & Singers. In 1973, a group called The Hotshots reached number 4 in the UK Singles Chart with their version of the song. In 1967, Italian singer Giorgio Gaber recorded an Italian version of this song and he also recorded a Spanish version, Snoopy contra el Barón Rojo, with lyrics very similar to his Italian version. Also in 1967, Spanish band Los Mustang recorded a different version in Spanish, also titled Snoopy contra el Barón Rojo, with different lyrics from Gabers version. Also in 1967, Brazilian singer Ronnie Von recorded a version, Soneca Contra O Barão Vermelho, in 1990 the song was recorded by Playtown Sound Audio Services and performed by Bert Southwood. The song inspired the title of Kim Newmans novel The Bloody Red Baron, the book features both the Red Baron and Snoopy, though the latter is deliberately unnamed in order to avoid copyright issues. Phil Gernhard, the joint composer of Snoopy, had produced the original version of Stay by Maurice Williams & the Zodiacs. Dick Hollers other big writing success, a marked contrast of styles to Snoopy vs. the Red Baron, was the tribute song Abraham, Martin & John
21.
Coen brothers
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Joel David Coen and Ethan Jesse Coen, collectively referred to as the Coen brothers, are American filmmakers. Their films span many genres and styles, which they frequently subvert or parody and their best-reviewed works include Fargo, The Big Lebowski, No Country for Old Men, A Serious Man, True Grit, and Inside Llewyn Davis. The brothers write, direct, and produce their films jointly, although until The Ladykillers, Joel received sole credit for directing and they often alternate top billing for their screenplays while sharing film credits for editor under the alias Roderick Jaynes. The duo also won the Palme dOr for Barton Fink, and were nominated for Fargo, the Coen brothers have written a number of films that neither of the two directed. Ethan is also a writer of stories, theater. Their films No Country for Old Men, A Serious Man, Joel and Ethan Coen were born and raised in St. Louis Park, Minnesota, a suburb of Minneapolis. Their mother, Rena, was an art historian at St. Cloud State University, when they were children, Joel saved money from mowing lawns to buy a Vivitar Super 8 camera. Together, the brothers remade movies they saw on television, with a kid, Mark Zimering. Their first attempt was a romp entitled Henry Kissinger, Man on the Go, cornel Wildes The Naked Prey became their Zeimers in Zambia, which also featured Ethan as a native with a spear. Joel Coen has said, in regards to whether our background influences our film making, theres no doubt that our Jewish heritage affects how we see things. Joel and Ethan graduated from St. Louis Park High School in 1973 and 1976 and they both also graduated from Bard College at Simons Rock in Great Barrington, Massachusetts. Joel then spent four years in the film program at New York University. Ethan went on to Princeton University and earned a degree in philosophy in 1979. His senior thesis was a 41-page essay, Two Views of Wittgensteins Later Philosophy, Joel has been married to actress Frances McDormand since 1984. They adopted a son from Paraguay, named Pedro McDormand Coen and she also did a voice-over in Barton Fink. Ethan married film editor Tricia Cooke in 1990 and they have two children, daughter Dusty and son Buster Jacob, who goes to Vassar College. Both couples live in New York, after graduating from New York University, Joel worked as a production assistant on a variety of industrial films and music videos. He developed a talent for film editing and met Sam Raimi while assisting Enda Ruth Paul in editing Raimis first feature film, in 1984, the brothers wrote and directed Blood Simple, their first commercial film together
22.
Blood Simple
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Blood Simple is a 1984 American neo-noir crime film written, edited, produced, and directed by Joel and Ethan Coen. The films title derives from the Dashiell Hammett novel Red Harvest, in which the term blood simple describes the addled, in 2001, a Directors cut was released. It ranked #98 on AFIs 100 Years.100 Thrills, the film also placed #73 on Bravos 100 Scariest Movie Moments. The film opens with a short voice-over monologue voiced by M. Emmet Walsh as various images of the Texas landscape are shown, the film then shifts to a conversation between Abby and Ray in a car as it drives through a heavy downpour at night. They seem to be discussing Abbys bad marriage and Ray indicates that hes driving her to Houston, but instead of driving Abby to Houston, Ray drives to a motel and they have sex. We later find out that Julian Marty, who owns a Texas bar, has suspected Abbys affair with Ray, one of his bartenders, when Visser reports back to Marty, he teases him about being cuckolded. The morning after their tryst, Marty makes a silent phone call to Ray, the following day Ray goes to the bar to collect his earnings, two weeks worth of work, but instead confronts Marty and quits his job. Marty threatens Rays life and advises him not to trust Abby, Marty then hires Visser to kill the couple. Visser suggests he take a trip to Corpus Christi to establish an alibi. He then breaks into Rays home, steals Abbys gun, Visser presents an edited photo of their fake corpses to Marty, who dumps four dead fish on his desk. Marty goes to the bathroom to vomit, then opens the safe to give Visser his $10,000 fee, Visser then shoots Marty with Abbys gun in a double cross, leaving her gun at the scene as evidence that she killed Marty. But he accidentally leaves his lighter and does not realize that Marty has stolen one of the incriminating photographs. Ray returns to the bar to get his last paycheck and accidentally kicks Abbys gun and he finds a motionless Marty and decides to cover up the murder, which he assumes Abby has committed. He cleans up the blood and disposes of evidence in a backyard incinerator, while Ray is driving down a lonely country road at night to dispose of the body he sees that Marty is still alive and stops the car and runs into a field. When he catches his breath and returns to the car, Marty is out of the car slowly crawling down the road, Ray struggles to get him back into the car as a truck approaches. The scene jumps to Ray digging a grave in a plowed field. As he throws dirt onto Martys body, Marty pulls the gun out and tries twice to shoot Ray, Ray takes the gun and buries Marty alive. Ray calls Abby from a booth and tells her he loves her
23.
Four Tops
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The Four Tops are an American vocal quartet from Detroit, Michigan who helped to define the citys Motown sound of the 1960s. The groups repertoire has included music, R&B, disco, adult contemporary, doo-wop, jazz. They were notable for having Stubbs, a baritone, as their singer, whereas most male. The group was the male vocal group for the highly successful songwriting and production team of Holland–Dozier–Holland. These included two Billboard Hot 100 number-one hits for the Tops, I Cant Help Myself in 1965, after Holland-Dozier-Holland left Motown in 1967, the Four Tops were assigned to a number of producers, primarily Frank Wilson, but generally with less success. When Motown left Detroit in 1972 to move to Los Angeles, California, in the 1980s, the Four Tops recorded for Casablanca Records, Arista Records and Motown, returning to that label on two occasions for brief stays. Apart from their album Indestructible, Universal Music Group controls the rights to their entire catalog and also their 1956 single. A change of lineup was forced on the group when Lawrence Payton died on June 20,1997, the group initially continued as a three-piece under the name the Tops, before Theo Peoples was recruited as the new fourth member. Peoples eventually took over the role of lead singer when Stubbs suffered a stroke in 2000, on July 1,2005, Benson died of lung cancer. Paytons son Roquel Payton replaced him, Levi Stubbs died on October 17,2008. Fakir, McNeir, Roquel Payton, and Harold Spike Bonhart, Fakir is the only surviving founding member of the group. All four members of the began their careers together while they were high-school students in Detroit. At the insistence of their friends, Pershing High students Levi Stubbs and Abdul Duke Fakir performed with Renaldo Obie Benson, the quartet decided to remain together and named the group the Four Aims. With the help of Paytons songwriter cousin Roquel Davis, the Aims signed to Chess Records in 1956, over the next seven years, the Tops had unsuccessful tenures at Chess, Red Top, Riverside Records and Columbia Records. Without any hit records to their name, they toured frequently, developing a stage presence. In 1963, Berry Gordy, Jr. who had worked with Roquel Davis as a songwriter in the late 1950s, during their early Motown years, the Four Tops recorded jazz standards for the companys Workshop label. In addition, they sang backup on Motown singles by the Supremes, Martha, in 1964, Motowns main songwriting and production team, Holland–Dozier–Holland, created a complete instrumental track without any idea of what to do with it. They decided to craft the song as a mainstream pop song for the Four Tops
24.
It's the Same Old Song
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Its the Same Old Song is a 1965 hit single recorded by the Four Tops for the Motown label. It reached number 5 on the Billboard Hot 100 and #2 on the Billboard R&B Singles chart and it also reached number 34 in the UK. After I Cant Help Myself hit #1 in June 1965, The Four Tops former label, Columbia Records, wanting to cash in on the groups success, berry Gordy ordered that a new Four Tops single had to be released within a days time. At 3,00 PM that afternoon, the Holland brothers, allmusic critic Ron Wynn calls Its the Same Old Song a tidy little number with one of the greatest lyrical hooks -- and titles -- ever. Fellow critic Steve Leggett calls it wise beyond its era, produced by Brian Holland and Lamont Dozier In 1967, Australian singer Ray Brown, took his version into the Australian Top 10. In 1967 Siw Malmkvist recorded a version in Swedish, Samma gamla sång, in 1971, Jonathan King covered the song with a completely different arrangement under the name The Weathermen and his version reached the UK Top 20 selling over 250,000 copies. In 1975, The Armada Orchestra included a version on their debut self-titled LP. In 1978, KC and the Sunshine Band took their version of the song to Number 35 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. The group appeared in a 1997 Velveeta Shells & Cheese commercial, which first aired in 1996 and this commercial features the group performing in outfits of blue and yellow, to match the colors of the Velveeta Shells & Cheese box. The group also appeared in a promo for The Rosie ODonnell Show, the song appears in the 1984 Coen Brothers film Blood Simple, in both the 99-minute theatrical release and the 96-minute 2001 and 2008 DVD releases. The song is not featured on the soundtrack for the film. Our Motown Recording Heritage, Part 3, Emergency Release, lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
25.
Marvin Andrews
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Marvin Andrews CM is a Trinidadian defender. Andrewss career includes spells at Livingston, with whom he won the Scottish League Cup in 2004, and Rangers, where he won the double of the League Cup, most recently he played for Scottish League Two side Clyde. Between 1996 and 2006 Andrews was a regular for the Trinidad and Tobago national football team, winning 99 caps up to that point. He had stated that he wished for another callup in future, before moving to Scotland, Andrews played with Carib F. C. of Trinidad. Tall, strong and very good in the air as he has proven to be with a few goals over the years, Andrews signed for Livingston on 28 September 2000. Andrews was voted Raith Rovers Player of the Day in the 1999–00 season and, on 14 March 2004, Andrews picked up his first major medal when Livingston won the 2003-04 Scottish League Cup by beating Hibernian 2–0 with goals by Derek Lilley and Jamie McAllister. Also during his time at Rangers he defied medical science by using self healing to overcome a serious knee ligament injury. It was expected that Andrews would be out of action for up to nine months and he was released by Rangers at the end of the 2005–06 season and was a free agent for a short while, before being re-signed by his former club Raith Rovers on 4 October 2006. In May 2008, Andrews left Raith Rovers by mutual consent and he appeared for them as a trialist a little less than a year later, playing for the full 90 minutes in a 1–0 win over East Fife. Andrews stated that he wishes to remain with Rovers for the rest of the season, in July 2009, Andrews signed for SPL club Hamilton Academical. On 7 December 2009, Dumfries club Queen of the South announced Andrews had signed on a loan as cover for the suspended David Lilley. Manager Gordon Chisholm gave Andrews his Queens debut on 12 December in the 2–1 win away to Morton. With bad weather causing a series of fixture portponements at Palmerston Park, Andrews played only one game for Queens during the loan period. However Andrews returned to QoS by signing a deal on 29 January 2010. Andrews was released by Queens at the end of the 2009–10 season and he joined Wrexham in August 2010 on a short term contract for the 2010–11 season in the Conference Premier. At the end of 2011, he left Wrexham and joined Scottish Junior Football Association, at the start of 2013, he joined Albion Rovers in the Second Division. In July 2013, it was confirmed that he had signed for Forfar Athletic, on 10 August 2014, Andrews made his debut for League Two side Elgin City. Andrews set up Craig Gunn to score the goal of the game
26.
The Sound of Silence
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The Sound of Silence, originally The Sounds of Silence, is a song by the American music duo Simon & Garfunkel. The song was written by Paul Simon over a period of months in 1963 and 1964. M. Released in October 1964, the album was a failure and led to the duo breaking apart, with Paul Simon returning to England. In spring 1965, the song began to attract airplay at radio stations in Boston, Massachusetts, the growing airplay led Tom Wilson, the songs producer, to remix the track, overdubbing electric instrumentation. Simon & Garfunkel were not informed of the remix until after its release. The single was released in September 1965, the song was a top-ten hit in multiple countries worldwide, among them Australia, Austria, West Germany, Japan and the Netherlands. Originally titled The Sounds of Silence on Wednesday Morning,3 A. M. the song was re-titled for later compilations beginning with Simon, Simon and Garfunkel became interested in folk music and the growing counterculture movement separately in the early 1960s. Having performed together previously under the name Tom and Jerry in the late 1950s, in 1963, they regrouped and began performing Simons original compositions locally in Queens. They billed themselves Kane & Garr, after old recording pseudonyms, and signed up for Gerdes Folk City, a Greenwich Village club that hosted Monday night performances. In September 1963, the duo performed three new songs, among them The Sound of Silence, getting the attention of Columbia Records producer Tom Wilson, who worked with Bob Dylan. Simon convinced Wilson to let him and his partner have a studio audition, the songs origin and basis remain unclear, with multiple answers coming forward over the years. Many believe that the song commented on the John F. Kennedy assassination, the main thing about playing the guitar, though, was that I was able to sit by myself and play and dream. And I was always doing that. I used to go off in the bathroom, because the bathroom had tiles, Id turn on the faucet so that water would run and Id play. Hello darkness, my old friend / Ive come to talk with you again, in a more recent interview, Simon was directly asked, How is a 21 year old person thinkin about the words in that song. His reply was, I have no idea, according to Garfunkel, Simon originally wrote the lyric as Aloha darkness, my old friend. To promote the release of their album, Wednesday Morning,3 A. M. the duo performed again at Folk City. Dave Van Ronk, a singer, was at the performances
27.
Brown Eyed Girl
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Brown Eyed Girl is a song by Northern Irish singer and songwriter Van Morrison. Written by Morrison and recorded in March 1967 for Bang Records owner and producer Bert Berns, it was released as a single in June 1967 on the Bang label and it featured The Sweet Inspirations singing back-up vocals and is considered to be Van Morrisons signature song. Brown Eyed Girl has remained a staple on classic rock radio, after finishing his contract with Decca Records and the mid-1966 break-up of his band, Them, Morrison returned to Belfast seeking a new recording company. When he received a call from Bert Berns, owner of Bang Records. During a two-day recording session starting 28 March 1967, he recorded eight songs intended to be used as four singles, the recording session took place at A & R Studios and Brown Eyed Girl was captured on the 22nd take on the first day. Of the musicians Berns had assembled, there were three guitarists - Eric Gale, Hugh McCracken, and Al Gorgoni - plus bassist Russ Savakus, pianist Paul Griffin and it was released as a single in mid-June 1967. Originally titled Brown-Skinned Girl, Morrison changed it to Brown Eyed Girl when he recorded it, Morrison remarked on the original title, That was just a mistake. It was a kind of Jamaican song, after wed recorded it, I looked at the tape box and didnt even notice that Id changed the title. I looked at the box where Id lain it down with my guitar and its just one of those things that happen. It has also stated that the song was about an inter-racial relationship. The songs nostalgic lyrics about a former love were considered too suggestive at the time to be played on radio stations. A radio-edit of the song was released which removed the lyrics making love in the grass, replacing them with laughin and a-runnin. This edited version appears on some copies of the compilation album The Best of Van Morrison, however the remastered CD seems to have the bowdlerised lyrics in the packaging but the original racy lyrics on the disc. Because of a contract he signed with Bang Records without legal advice, Morrison vented frustration about this unjust contract in his sarcastic nonsense song The Big Royalty Check. Morrison has stated that Brown Eyed Girl is not among his favourite songs, I mean Ive got about 300 songs that I think are better. To capitalise on the success of the single, producer Berns assembled the album Blowin Your Mind without Morrisons input or knowledge, released in September 1967, the album contained the single as its lead-off track as well as songs recorded by Morrison at the March recording sessions for Berns. The album peaked at No.182 on the Billboard 200, Morrisons original recording of Brown Eyed Girl remains widely familiar today, as the uncensored version is regularly played by many oldies and classic rock radio stations. In 2009, Brown Eyed Girl was at the top of the list for most played songs at the BMI London awards winning a Million-Air certificate for nine million air plays
28.
Cherry, Cherry
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Cherry, Cherry is a song written, composed, and recorded in late January 1966 by Neil Diamond. The song was arranged by Artie Butler and produced by Jeff Barry and it was issued as a 45 single in 1966 and became Diamonds first big hit, reaching #6 on both the Billboard Hot 100 chart, in October 1966, and the Cash Box chart. Ellie Greenwich came up with the chorus and can be heard as the prominent background voice, Diamond has stated that the song was inspired by an early relationship with a significantly older woman. In 1973 a live recording of Cherry, Cherry was issued as a 45 single from the Neil Diamond live album Hot August Night, the live version hit #24 on the Cash Box chart and #31 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. Rolling Stone would later label Cherry, Cherry as one of the greatest three-chord songs of all time, session guitarist Al Gorgoni contributed to the song. Two versions of Cherry, Cherry have been released, dizzy Gillespie recorded a cover of this song for his 1966 LP, The Melody Lingers On. The Music Machine recorded a cover of song on their 1966 LP. Jonathan King recorded a cover of song in 1970 and it became a hit all over Europe, especially in the Netherlands, Belgium. Kramer recorded a cover of song for his 2012 solo LP. Sung entirely in Spanish/Cubano, it is the first known version of the song to have not been sung in English
29.
Dallas
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Dallas is a major city in the U. S. state of Texas. It is the most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, the citys population ranks ninth in the U. S. and third in Texas after Houston and San Antonio. The citys prominence arose from its importance as a center for the oil and cotton industries. The bulk of the city is in Dallas County, of which it is the county seat, however, sections of the city are located in Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties. According to the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 1,197,816, the United States Census Bureaus estimate for the citys population increased to 1,300,092 as of July 1,2015. In 2016 DFW ascended to the one spot in the nation in year-over-year population growth. In 2014, the metropolitan economy surpassed Washington, D. C. to become the fifth largest in the U. S. with a 2014 real GDP over $504 billion, as such, the metropolitan areas economy is the 10th largest in the world. As of January 2017, the job count has increased to 3,558,200 jobs. The citys economy is based on banking, commerce, telecommunications, technology, energy, healthcare and medical research. The city is home to the third-largest concentration of Fortune 500 companies in the nation. Located in North Texas, Dallas is the core of the largest metropolitan area in the South. Dallas and nearby Fort Worth were developed due to the construction of railroad lines through the area allowing access to cotton, cattle. Later, France also claimed the area but never established much settlement, the area remained under Spanish rule until 1821, when Mexico declared independence from Spain, and the area was considered part of the Mexican state of Coahuila y Tejas. In 1836, the Republic of Texas, with majority Anglo-American settlers, in 1839, Warren Angus Ferris surveyed the area around present-day Dallas. John Neely Bryan established a permanent settlement near the Trinity River named Dallas in 1841, the origin of the name is uncertain. The Republic of Texas was annexed by the United States in 1845, Dallas was formally incorporated as a city on February 2,1856. With construction of railroads, Dallas became a business and trading center and it became an industrial city, attracting workers from Texas, the South and the Midwest. The Praetorian Building of 15 stories, built in 1909, was the first skyscraper west of the Mississippi and it marked the prominence of Dallas as a city
30.
KLUV
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KLUV, is a commercial FM radio station licensed to Dallas and serving the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex. KLUV is owned by CBS Radio and airs a classic hits radio format, the K-LUV name on 98.7 was a holdover from an adult contemporary music format from the early 1980s. Even though the moniker is pronounced K-Love, the stations name pre-dates the national K-Love Radio Network, to avoid confusion, that network is not heard in Dallas. KLUVs studios are located at North Central Expressway and North Fitzhugh Avenue in Dallas, a 1950s/60s oldies format is heard on the stations HD2 subchannel. And the childrens format known as Radio Disney is heard on the HD3 subchannel, from mid-November to December 25, KLUV switches to an all-Christmas music format. In 1959, when the station was not yet on the air and it was then rebranded KROW and signed on in 1961 as a Top 40 station under the ownership of noted radio programmer Gordon McLendon. Two years later, the sign changed to KLIF-FM as a simulcast of McLendon-owned AM1190 KLIF. In July 1966, the changed its call letters to KNUS. When McLendon sold his AM Top 40 flagship station KLIF to Fairchild Industries in 1972, he offered the company KNUS as well, as part of the sale, McLendon agreed not to operate any AM station within a 150-mile radius of Dallas. But since the agreement did not forbid him to operate an FM station, McLendon continued to own, by 1971, it had morphed into a rock-based Top 40 station, which played hit music without teen-oriented bubblegum songs. By the end of the 1970s, however, KNUS had fallen out of the top ten, Gordon McLendon sold KNUS to the San Juan Racing Corporation in May 1979, which, in turn, sold the station to John Tenaglias TK Communications on October 27,1982. Under Tenaglias ownership, the station switched to a contemporary format as KLVU on October 19,1981. Initially, the station played hits from 1964 through 1980s and including then-current product, a handful of pre-64 Oldies were also mixed in. In 1984, after an AM Oldies station changed formats, KLVU began adding more pre-1964 oldies in the mix, the music began to lean slightly more uptempo as well. The station morphed into a format in 1985, playing pop oldies from the late 1950s, 60s, 70s. The music from the mid to late 1970s and 80s gradually was eliminated in 1986, by then, KLUV was playing only hits from 1955 to 1973. Owner John Tenaglia purchased the more-coveted KLUV-spelled call letters for $10,000 from a Haynesville, Louisiana station, by the late 1980s, KLUV evolved into a 1964 to 1969 based oldies format playing a couple pre-1964 songs each hour and one or two early 1970s songs per hour. Tenaglia sold the rebranded KLUV to CBS on April 21,1995, in 1997, KLUV, like many oldies stations around the United States, began mixing in hits of the late 1970s and even a few from the early 1980s
31.
Memorial Day
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Memorial Day is a federal holiday in the United States for remembering the people who died while serving in the countrys armed forces. It marks the start of the summer vacation season, while Labor Day marks its end. Many people visit cemeteries and memorials, particularly to honor those who have died in military service, many volunteers place an American flag on each grave in national cemeteries. Annual Decoration Days for particular cemeteries are held on a Sunday in late spring or early summer in rural areas of the American South. People gather on the day and put flowers on graves and renew contacts with relatives. There often is a service and a picnic-like dinner on the grounds. It is believed that this practice began before the American Civil War, the practice of decorating soldiers graves with flowers is an ancient custom. Soldiers graves were decorated in the U. S. before, following President Abraham Lincolns assassination in April 1865, there were a variety of events of commemoration. The sheer number of soldiers of both sides who died in the Civil War meant that burial and memorialization took on new cultural significance, under the leadership of women during the war, an increasingly formal practice of decorating graves had taken shape. In 1865, the government began creating national military cemeteries for the Union war dead. The Richmond Times-Dispatch newspaper claimed in 1906 that Warrenton, Virginia, was the location of the first Civil War soldiers grave ever to be decorated, there is also documentation that women in Savannah, Georgia, decorated Confederate soldiers graves in 1862. The 1863 cemetery dedication at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, was, of course, in addition, local historians in Boalsburg, Pennsylvania, claim that ladies there decorated soldiers graves on July 4,1864, and Boalsburg promotes itself as the birthplace of Memorial Day. But more recent researches have also pointed to the birthplace of Confederacy as the location of the first post-war Memorial Day type observance, but in 2012 Blight stated that he has no evidence that the event in Charleston inspired the establishment of Memorial Day across the country. Accordingly, Snopes labels Blights claims mostly false, despite this ongoing lively debate, there is an official birthplace. On May 26,1966, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the presidential proclamation naming Waterloo, New York, Snopes also regards the Waterloo legend as apocryphal. Logan issued a proclamation calling for Decoration Day to be observed annually and it was observed for the first time that year on Saturday May 30, the date was chosen because it was not the anniversary of any particular battle. According to the White House, the May 30 date was chosen as the date for flowers to be in bloom. Memorial events were held in 183 cemeteries in 27 states in 1868, the northern states quickly adopted the holiday
32.
Billboard (magazine)
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Billboard is an American entertainment media brand owned by the Hollywood Reporter-Billboard Media Group, a division of Eldridge Industries. It publishes pieces involving news, video, opinion, reviews, events and it is also known for its music charts, including the Billboard Hot 100 and Billboard 200, tracking the most popular singles and albums in different genres. It also hosts events, owns a publishing firm, and operates several TV shows, Billboard was founded in 1894 by William Donaldson and James Hennegan as a trade publication for bill posters. Donaldson later acquired Hennegens interest in 1900 for $500, in the 1900s, it covered the entertainment industry, such as circuses, fairs and burlesque shows. It also created a service for travelling entertainers. Billboard began focusing more on the industry as the jukebox, phonograph. Many topics it covered were spun-off into different magazines, including Amusement Business in 1961 to cover outdoor entertainment so that it could focus on music. After Donaldson died in 1925, Billboard was passed down to his children and Hennegans children, until it was sold to investors in 1985. The first issue of Billboard was published in Cincinnati, Ohio, on November 1,1894 by William Donaldson, initially, it covered the advertising and bill posting industry and was called Billboard Advertising. At the time, billboards, posters and paper advertisements placed in public spaces were the means of advertising. Donaldson handled editorial and advertising, while Hennegan, who owned Hennegan Printing Co. managed magazine production, the first issues were just eight pages long. The paper had columns like The Bill Room Gossip and The Indefatigable, a department for agricultural fairs was established in 1896. The title was changed to The Billboard in 1897, after a brief departure over editorial differences, Donaldson purchased Hennegans interest in the business in 1900 for $500, to save it from bankruptcy. That May, Donaldson changed it from a monthly to a paper with a greater emphasis on breaking news. He improved editorial quality and opened new offices in New York, Chicago, San Francisco, London and he also re-focused the magazine on outdoor entertainment like fairs, carnivals, circuses, vaudeville and burlesque shows. A section devoted to circuses was introduced in 1900, followed by more prominent coverage of events in 1901. Billboard also covered topics including regulation, a lack of professionalism, economics and it had a stage gossip column covering the private lives of entertainers, a tent show section covering traveling shows and a sub-section called Freaks to order. According to The Seattle Times, Donaldson also published articles attacking censorship, praising productions exhibiting good taste
33.
Go-Set
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Go-Set was the first Australian pop music newspaper, published weekly from 2 February 1966 to 24 August 1974, and was founded in Melbourne by Phillip Frazer, Peter Raphael and Tony Schauble. It spawned the original Australian edition of Rolling Stone magazine in late 1972, in 1964, Monash University student newspaper Chaos co-editors, John Blakeley, Damien Broderick and Tony Schauble, renamed the paper Lots Wife. Phillip Frazer was a staffer and later became co-editor with future parliamentarian Peter Steedman, local rock group The Moods manager, Peter Raphael, joined Frazer and Schauble and together they founded Go-Set Publications. Raphael brought in photographer Colin Beard and advertising manager Terry Cleary, Waverley Press, which owned Waverley Offset Printers, had printed Lots Wife, and agreed to print Go-Set on credit. Schauble, Frazer and Panther produceded the newspaper from their home in the Melbourne suburb of Malvern, the first issue showcased Tom Jones and Hermans Hermits interviewed by Panther and photographed by Colin Beard at Palais Theatre, St Kilda. Initial sales were low, about 3000 to 5000 but Issue 3, initially Go-Set was intended for Melbourne distribution only. A book distributor, Bill Robinson, managed circulation throughout Victoria, from 28 February 1966, the Go-Set office was three rooms at Charnwood Crescent, St Kilda until December 1970 when it relocated to Drummond Street, Carlton. Key staff included Tony Schauble as editor then manager, Phillip Frazer, who had switched to a degree at Monash, as co-editor. Peter Raphael was advertising manager assisted by Terry Cleary, doug Panther continued as feature writer for several months before leaving for Western Australia with Commonwealth Police and the Australian Army searching for him as a draft dodger. Panther was replaced by Lily Brett who likes to recall that she got the job because she had a car. Other personnel were Honey Lea, originally a typist, who later became editor when Prue Acton dropped out. Ian Meldrum wrote his first story for Go-Set in July 1966, Frazer urged Meldrum to join week day, TV show Kommotion on Channel 0 as a mimer so that Go-Set could get more inside stories. Go-Set started its annual pop poll in October 1966 with readers voting for Normie Rowe as Best Male Vocal, Lynne Randell as Best Girl Vocal, the following year, Normie Rowe was crowned as the inaugural King of Pop on TV series The Go. Go-Set had become the indispensable chronicle of the scene, described by Jim Keays, lead singer of The Masters Apprentices. From 5 October 1966, it featured Australian singles charts and international charts, local state gig listings, Go-Set developed an international focus when, in a promotional arrangement with BOAC airlines, Brett and Beard were flown to London and the USA. They spent four months in the United Kingdom from January 1967 touring with Australian singer Normie Rowe, in America they covered the New York City scene and attended the Monterey Pop Festival from 16 to 19 June 1967. The first full colour centre spread was a Beard photograph of Jimi Hendrix taken at The Monterey Pop Festival, in Los Angeles they did personality stories and photographic fashion spreads with Sonny and Cher, The Mamas & the Papas and covered a recording session with The Byrds. In Bretts absence, Meldrum became the local feature writer while Vera Kaas-Jager covered the local photography for Beard
34.
Official Charts Company
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The OCC is operated jointly by the British Phonographic Industry and the Entertainment Retailers Association. Since 1 July 1997, CIN and then the OCC have compiled the official charts, prior to this date, the charts were produced by a succession of market research companies, beginning with the British Market Research Bureau in 1969, and later by Gallup. All of the OCCs charts are published weekly on Friday nights, from 3 August 1969 until 5 July 2015, the chart week ran from Sunday to Saturday. Genre-specific charts include UK Dance Chart, UK Indie Chart, UK R&B Chart, UK Rock Chart, the Scottish Singles and Albums Charts ― and the former Welsh Singles and Albums Chart ― appears in listings within the Official Charts Company. It is a regional listing reflecting how sales towards the UK Singles Chart, the Welsh Singles and Album Chart served the same purpose in Wales. It also charts the UK DVD Chart and UK Budget Album Chart, while their music charts are now Friday to Thursday, their video charts remain Sunday to Saturday. On 5 September 2008, the Official UK Charts Company rebranded itself as the Official Charts Company and it later dropped the word Company and became just Official Charts. From May 2012, a new chart was launched – the Official Streaming Chart and this counts audio streams from streaming services Spotify, Deezer, Blinkbox Music, Napster, amongst others. In April 2015, the UKs first vinyl record chart was launched by the Official Charts Company due to the surge of interest in the sector. The chart was launched following the growth of the sector in the UK for the year in a row. Beginning in 2017 the Official Charts Company changed its methodology for calculating the Top 40, prior to January 2017,100 streams counted as one sale of a song. From January onward, the ratio became 150,1, UK Albums Chart UK Singles Chart UK Video Charts UK Singles Downloads Chart UK Album Downloads Chart British Phonographic Industry Official Charts Company website
35.
United Kingdom
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The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom or Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland, with an area of 242,500 square kilometres, the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe. It is also the 21st-most populous country, with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants, together, this makes it the fourth-most densely populated country in the European Union. The United Kingdom is a monarchy with a parliamentary system of governance. The monarch is Queen Elizabeth II, who has reigned since 6 February 1952, other major urban areas in the United Kingdom include the regions of Birmingham, Leeds, Glasgow, Liverpool and Manchester. The United Kingdom consists of four countries—England, Scotland, Wales, the last three have devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in their capitals, Edinburgh, Cardiff and Belfast, respectively. The relationships among the countries of the UK have changed over time, Wales was annexed by the Kingdom of England under the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542. A treaty between England and Scotland resulted in 1707 in a unified Kingdom of Great Britain, which merged in 1801 with the Kingdom of Ireland to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the UK in 1922, leaving the present formulation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain, there are fourteen British Overseas Territories. These are the remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in the 1920s, British influence can be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former colonies. The United Kingdom is a country and has the worlds fifth-largest economy by nominal GDP. The UK is considered to have an economy and is categorised as very high in the Human Development Index. It was the worlds first industrialised country and the worlds foremost power during the 19th, the UK remains a great power with considerable economic, cultural, military, scientific and political influence internationally. It is a nuclear weapons state and its military expenditure ranks fourth or fifth in the world. The UK has been a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council since its first session in 1946 and it has been a leading member state of the EU and its predecessor, the European Economic Community, since 1973. However, on 23 June 2016, a referendum on the UKs membership of the EU resulted in a decision to leave. The Acts of Union 1800 united the Kingdom of Great Britain, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have devolved self-government
