The ICC Awards of the Decade is a one-off edition of the ICC Awards annual awards programme, aimed at celebrating the stand-out performers and moments from the past ten years of international cricket. An Awards Nominations Committee, comprising prominent cricket journalists and broadcasters from across the globe and the ICC General Manager – Cricket, have determined a shortlist of nominees for each category. For the first time the fans’ voice will be heard in selecting the winners across categories including the Sir Garfield Sobers and Rachael Heyhoe Flint Awards, which celebrate the best overall player from the men's and women's game over the past decade. The fan vote will make up 10% of the voting, while votes from an expert panel will make up the remaining 90%. The voting panel took into account players' performance between 1 January 2010 and 27 December 2019. The announcement of the ICC World XI Teams, along with the winners of the individual ICC awards, was made on 28 December 2019. Virat Kohli won Men's Cricketer of the Decade.

The International Cricket Council (ICC) is the global governing body of cricket. It was founded as the Imperial Cricket Conference in 1909 by representatives from Australia, England, and South Africa. It was renamed as the International Cricket Conference in 1965 and adopted its current name in 1987. The ICC has its headquarters in Dubai, United Arab Emirates.