Iberian Union
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The Iberian Union, or the Hispanic Monarchy, describes the period from 1580 to 1640 in which the Monarchy of Spain under the Habsburg dynasty, then the personal union of the crowns of Castile and Arag
1630: Dutch siege of Olinda, located in the Brazilian captaincy of Pernambuco, the largest and richest sugar-producing area in the world.
Acclamation of John IV as king of Portugal (1908), painting by Veloso Salgado in the Military Museum, Lisbon.
Philip II of Spain
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Philip II, sometimes known in Spain as Philip the Prudent, was King of Spain from 1556, King of Portugal from 1580, and King of Naples and Sicily from 1554 until his death in 1598. He was also jure ux
Iberian Union
…incorporated the entire Iberian Peninsula except Andorra, as well as Portuguese and Spanish overseas possessions, under the Spanish Habsburg monarchs Philip II, Philip III, and Philip IV. The union began after the Portuguese succession crisis of 1580 and the ensuing War of the Portuguese Succession, and lasted…
Portrait by Sofonisba Anguissola, 1565
The Baptism of Philip II in Valladolid, Castile. Historical ceiling preserved in Palacio de Pimentel (Valladolid).
Philip, in the prime of his life, by Anthonis Mor
Philip II wearing the Order of the Garter by Jooris van der Straeten, c. 1554