The Ilha Comprida Environmental Protection Area is an environmental protection area in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. It protects an island with an environment of dunes, salt marshes and mangroves. There has been some difficulty reconciling conservation with human occupation of the island.

An environmental protection area is a type of protected area in Brazil that has some degree of human occupation, but where the primary intent is environmental protection. Human occupation is monitored and controlled. An environmental protection area often contains other types of conservation units, which may be more strictly protected.