Ilie V. Cătărău was a Bessarabian-born political adventurer, soldier and spy, who spent parts of his life in the Kingdom of Romania. Leading a secretive life, he is widely held to have been the main perpetrator of two bomb attacks, which sought to exacerbate tensions between Romania and Austria-Hungary in the buildup to World War I. Beyond his cover as a refugee from the Russian Empire, and his public commitment to Romanian nationalism, Cătărău was a double agent, working for both Russian and Romanian interests; he may also have been linked to the Black Hundreds. His terrorist actions, and especially the letter bomb which he sent to the Hungarian Catholic Bishopric in Debrecen, occurred shortly before, and are probably connected with, the Sarajevo Assassination.
Cătărău around the time of the Debrecen bombing
Frederic Storck's "Giant", supposedly modeled on Cătărău or Kiriloff
The SS Dacia, on which Cătărău escaped the manhunt
Bolshevik rally in or near Romania, during the 1917 revolutionary period
Gherman Vasile Pântea was a Bessarabian-born soldier, civil servant and political figure, active in the Russian Empire and Romania. As an officer of the Imperial Russian Army during most of World War I, he helped organize the committees of Bessarabian soldiers, oscillating between loyalty to the Russian Provisional Government and the cause of Bessarabian emancipation. Pântea was subsequently Military Director of the Moldavian Democratic Republic, answering to President Ion Inculeț. He personally created a Bessarabian defense force, tasked with combating Bolshevik subversion and Russian intimidation, but also braced for defeat after the October Revolution.
Pântea in 1918
Founding act of the Moldavian Democratic Republic, in Sfatul Țării's eponymous newspaper
Aftermath of the 1941 Odessa massacre: Jewish deportees killed outside Brizula
Lamppost with advertisements for coming attractions of Odesa Opera and Ballet Theater and Romanian guard (ca. 1942)