In social psychology and sociology, an in-group is a social group to which a person psychologically identifies as being a member. By contrast, an out-group is a social group with which an individual d
Multiple layers of in-groups and out-groups in an American football stadium: People in this stadium form an in-group of American football fans and professionals vs. those who are not fans of the sport. Fans in attendance at the stadium vs. people spectating the match via external means, e.g. television/radio coverage. Fans and professionals affiliated with one team vs. those affiliated with the opposing team. Professionals on the field (players, officials, coaches, mascots and cheerleaders) vs. the paying customers in the stands who are denied access to the facility's secure nucleus except by invitation from a high-status individual.
Dehumanization is the process, practice, or act of denying full humanity in others, along with the cruelty and suffering that accompany it. It involves perceiving individuals or groups as lacking esse
In-group and out-group
…out-group are socially contingent (hence vulnerable to the instruments of propaganda), and the intensity exists along a spectrum from mild to complete dehumanization of the "othered" group (such as through pseudospeciation). The psychological categorization of people into in-group and out-group members is associated…
Lynndie England pulling a leash attached to the neck of a prisoner in Abu Ghraib prison, who is forced to crawl on the floor, while Megan Ambuhl watches, 2003.
Slain Armenians in Erzurum as part of Hamidian massacre
Two Imperial Japanese Army officers in occupied China who competed to see who could kill one hundred Chinese people with a sword first during the Nanjing Massacre
The Discovery of America (1844) sculpture, depicting a triumphant Columbus and a "female savage" (Indian woman)